UNIT 1 单元整合提升 知识巩固 素养提升(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

该高中英语单元复习讲义通过分层框架系统构建知识体系，涵盖核心单词、拓展词汇、重点短语及经典句式四大模块，以列表呈现核心单词及词性释义，用词形转换表格展示词汇派生关联，用句型公式归纳经典结构，清晰呈现知识脉络与重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导，如“用所给词的适当形式填空”提升词汇运用的语言能力，“完成句子”结合教材原句强化句式表达的思维品质，阅读材料中的写作素材（时间状语从句、情感描写等）助力表达积累。基础题夯实根基，综合题拓展思维，支持学生自主复习，也为教师实施分层教学提供精准依据。

一、 核心单词写对 1.　bonus　 n.意外收获；奖金；红利 2.　absurd　 adj.荒谬的；荒唐的 3.　suspend　 vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 4.　whereas　 conj.然而；但是；尽管 5.　rumour　 n.谣言；传闻 6.　fare　 n.车费；船费；飞机票价 7.　weekly　 adj.每周的 n.周刊 8.　chairwoman　 n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长 9.　superior　 adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别或重要性上）更高的 10.　 inch　 n.英寸（长度单位，等于2.54厘米） 11.　backwards　 adv.向后；倒着；往回 12.　grip　 vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧 13.　hazy　 adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 14.　fetch　 vt.（去）拿来；（去）请来 15.　handkerchief　 n.手帕；纸巾 16.　lamp　 n.灯；台灯 17.　pace　 n.速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.He didn’t treat me with 　dignity　（尊严），which made me explode with anger. 2.To begin with， it couldn’t be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at 　random　 （随机）. 3.She was offered a high 　salary　 （薪水） to work at the tech company. 4.The chairwoman has declared that 100 workers will be 　dismissed　 （解雇） next week. 5.Wherever you are， you should try to be a person with 　integrity　 （正直） and honesty. 6.The 　salesman　 （售货员） was very polite and knowledgeable about the product. 7.Even though this is a science 　fiction　 （小说） story， the plot is much too ridiculous. 8.They set 1 May as International 　Labour　 （劳动） Day to show respect for workers of all countries. 二、拓展词汇用活 1.　appointment　 n.预约；约会；委任→appoint v.任命；委任；安排→appointed adj.指定的，约定的 2.　guilty　 adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n.内疚；罪行；有罪 3.　declare　 vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.公告；宣言；声明 4.　calculate　 vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n.计算，运算 5.　division　 n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）→divide v.（使）分开，分散，分割，分成；分配 6.　urge　 n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.迫切的；紧急的 7.　maximum　 adj.最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度→minimum adj.最低的；最小的 n.最小值 8.　explode　 vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸 9.　mud　 n.泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的；沾满泥的 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.He was 　appointed　 as manager and wanted to tell his girlfriend the good news at the 　appointed　 time， but she missed their 　appointment　 somehow.（appoint） 2.A bomb 　exploded　 in the market. The 　explosion　 was heard a mile away.（explode） 3.I feel 　guilty　 about the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words can express my 　guilt　.（guilt） 4.Before the discussion，the boys and the girls have been 　divided　 and the 　division　 is useful for their study.（divide） 5.There is so much 　mud　 on the 　muddy　 road that you have to walk on it with caution.（mud） 三、重点短语用准 1.　test out　 检验；测试 2.　more like　 更像是；更接近 3.　on a ...basis　 根据；以……的方式（基准） 4.　pros and cons　事物的利与弊；支持与反对 5.　superior to　 比……更好；更胜一筹 6.　take over　 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 7.　conflict with　 与……冲突或抵触 8.　turn out　 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 9.　fall away　 （逐渐）减少；消失 10.　have an urge to　 有强烈的欲望做某事 Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空 1.It is necessary that we weigh the 　pros and cons　 of including English words in Chinese dictionaries. 2.He 　turned out　 to be guilty of his mean words and tears of regret blurred his eyes. 3.The view from the peak of the mountain was wonderful and our tiredness 　fell away　. 4.Helen was chosen for the job because she 　was superior to　 any other candidate. 5.Technology really helps us， but we should not allow it to 　take over　 our lives. 四、经典句式写美 1.句型公式：more ... than ... 与其说……不如说…… 教材原句：He seemed more like a human than a machine. 2.句型公式：完全倒装 教材原句：As she turned around， there stood Gladys Claffern. 3.句型公式：It is/was ...that/who ...强调句 教材原句：It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. Ⅳ.完成句子 1.She was 　more sad than angry when her little son lied to her again. 当她的小儿子再次对她说谎时，她与其说生气倒不如说伤心。 2.In front of our teaching building 　stand two big trees　. 在我们的教学楼前面矗立着两棵大树。 3.As for the environmental protection， 　it is not what we say but what we do that makes a difference. 至于环境保护，起作用的不是我们说什么，而是我们做什么。 　　How would human beings react if we found out we’re not alone in the universe？ What if we knew an alien civilisation was to invade （入侵） Earth？ What would we do？ 　　These are the questions asked in The Three-Body Problem. When a secret military project sends signals into space to get in touch with aliens， an alien civilisation in the face of destruction receives the signals and plans to invade Earth. Meanwhile， on Earth， people begin to separate into different groups： those who welcome aliens and those who want to fight against them. 　　The novel was written by Chinese author Liu Cixin and published in 2008.Translated into English in 2014 and almost 20 languages since， it was called an absolute “must-read in any language” by Booklist magazine. Liu has won several awards for it and in 2015， he became the first Asian to win the Hugo Award for Best Novel， the highest award in science fiction. 　　Just from the title， one could imagine that the text might be heavy with physics terms （术语）.But as US writer Jason Heller said， “Indeed this science fiction is full of lengthy passages explaining technical terms. But Liu Cixin supports all of that burning-brain theory with empathetic （感同身受的） characters and thrilling story plots.” 　　At the very heart of science fiction — and what makes it truly appealing to readers — is the concept of an uncertain future. This allows the author to push the boundaries of readers’ imaginations. Liu fully uses this approach to keep readers anxiously turning the page. While reading， they ask themselves， “What would I do？” 　　In an interview with The New York Times， Liu said， “China is on the path of rapid modernisation and progress， kind of like the US during the golden age of science fiction in the 1930s to the 1960s.The future in the people’s eyes is full of attractions and hope， but also threats and challenges. That makes for very fertile soil.” 【写作素材】 1.时间状语从句 When a secret military project sends signals into space to get in touch with aliens， an alien civilisation in the face of destruction receives the signals and plans to invade Earth. 2.情感描写 ①Liu fully uses this approach to keep readers anxiously turning the page. ②The future in the people’s eyes is full of attractions and hope， but also threats and challenges. 3.比喻 China is on the path of rapid modernisation and progress， kind of like the US during the golden age of science fiction in the 1930s to the 1960s. 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $