Unit 4 Words（单元自测·提升卷）英语沪教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Words单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. First published on October 15, 1952, “Charlotte’s Web” is a popular children’s book written by well-known American author E. B．White and 1 （illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes of the nature of friendship, loss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The story centers on a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship 2 shares with an uncommonly talented spider named Charlotte. While it’s normal in the course of events on a farm for pigs 3 （kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charlotte works out a scheme to keep Wilbur from his fate by weaving words into her web to create what amounts to a one-pig publicity campaign. By promoting Wilbur to celebrity status, Charlotte ultimately saves him 4 his date with the butcher’s knife. The ending of the “Charlotte’s Web” is bittersweet, however, 5 while Wilbur survives, Charlotte does not. But even Charlotte’s passing is a lesson-for Wilbur and those reading his story-about the nature of death and renewal. Death and destiny are both themes that the book explores. While Charlotte is willing to help Wilbur avoid a destiny that’s being imposed on him by outside forces beyond his control, she also understands that some fates are inevitable: All living creatures are born, 6 （have）a life cycle, and die. Charlotte accepts her role in this natural circle without regret. Charlotte helps Wilbur realize that immortality is not about living forever, but rather, 7 （ensure）that new generations will follow. She also helps him understand that love and friendship are not fixed in quantity. While we may lose a friend, new friendships can come along, not as replacements for 8 we’ve lost, but as blessings to build on what we’ve learned. “Charlotte’s Web” got its inspiration from true experiences that author E. B．White had on his farm in Maine, 9 he penned the book and lived until his death in 1985．While the author claims that the book 10 never be considered a moral tale, certain messages related to moral principles, or rights and wrongs, are obviously established in “Charlotte’s Web”. 【答案】 1．illustrated 2．he 3．to be killed 4．from 5．because 6．have 7．ensuring 8．what 9．where 10．can 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《夏洛特的网》于1952年10月15日首次出版，是一本受欢迎的儿童读物，由美国著名作家E. B.怀特撰写，加思·威廉姆斯配图，主题涉及友谊、失去、命运、接受和重生的本质。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：《夏洛特的网》于1952年10月15日首次出版，是一本受欢迎的儿童读物，由美国著名作家E. B.怀特撰写，加思·威廉姆斯配图，主题涉及友谊、失去、命运、接受和重生的本质。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰book，book和illustrate为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填illustrated。 2．考查代词。句意：故事围绕着一只名叫威尔伯的猪，以及他与一只名叫夏洛特的非凡天才蜘蛛之间不太可能但却深厚的友谊展开。根据下文“keep Wilbur from his fate”提到his fate可知，此处应为代词he指代上文提到的Wilbur。故填he。 3．考查动词不定式的被动结构。句意：在农场里，当猪长到一定的尺寸和年龄时，被杀死是很正常的，聪明的夏洛特想出了一个计划，通过在她的网里织词来创造一个相当于一只猪的宣传活动，让威尔伯免受他的命运。此处为固定句型it is+adj +for sb to do sth“做某事对于……是怎样的”，所以此处为动词不定式形式，结合pigs和kill为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动结构。故填to be killed。 4．考查介词。句意：通过把威尔伯提升到名人的地位，夏洛特最终把他从屠刀的约会中救了出来。此处为固定短语save sb from…“从……解救出来”，所以此处为介词from的填入。故填from。 5．考查连词。句意：然而，《夏洛的网》的结局苦乐参半，因为威尔伯活了下来，夏洛却没有。根据句意可知，此处为because“因为”引导的原因状语从句，强调直接原因，满足句意要求，故填because。 6．考查动词。句意：所有的生物都出生，有生命周期，然后死亡。由and连接的are born和die可知，此处也应为动词原形，保持并列谓语成分。故填have。 7．考查动名词。句意：夏洛帮助威尔伯认识到，永生并不是永远活着，而是确保新一代的到来。由but rather连接的living为动名词可知，此处也应为动名词形式，作介词about的宾语成分。故填ensuring。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：虽然我们可能会失去一个朋友，但新的友谊可能会出现，不是取代我们失去的，而是在我们所学到的基础上的祝福。分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语成分，意为“失去的东西”。故填what。 9．考查定语从句。句意：《夏洛特的网》的灵感来自作者E. B.怀特在缅因州农场的真实经历，他在那里写了这本书，直到1985年去世。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的非限定性定语从句，先行词farm在从句中作地点状语成分。故填where。 10．考查情态动词。句意：虽然作者声称这本书永远不能被认为是一个道德故事，但与道德原则或对与错有关的某些信息显然在《夏洛特的网》中得到了确立。根据句意可知，此处为情态动词can，和空后的never be构成can never be“不可能做到”，满足句意要求。故填can。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.   A．sense  B．dominate  C． ignore  D．emotional  E. trends  F. combined  G. motivation  H. bonding  I. associated  J. grateful  K. feature   Remember when ... Do you ever find yourself looking back on earlier times, remembering happy moments from the past? Nostalgia, the feeling 11 with remembering happiness in the past, is often described as bittersweet. It is bitter because you long for things that are no more but sweet as you enjoy remembering your past happiness. Some psychologists even distinguish positive nostalgia from negative nostalgia, depending on whether happy emotions or sad ones 12 a person’s experience.   In today’s culture, expressions of nostalgia are becoming common. People share old social media posts remembering the good old days. They buy products made years ago from secondhand stores and enjoy media that reminds them of their childhoods. Taking note of these 13 companies are offering products like those of earlier decades. Social media platforms offer filters that can make pictures look like old photographs. Some restaurants are even putting together menus that 14 some dishes from the 1970s. And the fact that people are buying all these products shows that those people want to experience nostalgia.   This desire for nostalgia makes a lot of 15 because this feeling has psychological benefits. It can improve a person’s mood and self-esteem (自我价值感), sometimes helping people handle difficult transitions in life. It can also help people connect with others as they share memories.   But nostalgia can also lead to 16 problems. Focusing on the past can make people less satisfied with the present and make it harder to find 17 to improve their current situation. Nostalgia can also lead people to view earlier stages of life with rose-colored glasses. They may forget about or 18 past hardships, thinking only about the positive side of things.   How can you find a balance, remembering the past without letting it interfere with the present? Start by making a conscious effort to recognize and be 19 for the positives in your current situation. While remembering the past, focus on lessons you’ve learned and ways you’ve grown and changed over the years. And share these memories with others to deepen relationships by learning more about each other or 20 over shared experiences.   Nostalgia can bring many benefits to individuals and to communities, but we all must remain cautious of its potential downsides. 【答案】 11．I 12．B 13．E 14．K 15．A 16．D 17．G 18．C 19．J 20．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了怀旧这一情感现象，包括其定义、表现、心理影响及潜在问题，并提出了平衡怀旧与现实的方法。 11．考查动词。句意：怀旧，这种与回忆过去的幸福联系在一起的感觉，通常被描述为苦乐参半。根据句意及空前“the feeling”和空后“with remembering happiness in the past”可知，此处为固定短语be associated with“与……有关”，空处应填过去分词associated。故选I。 12．考查动词。句意：一些心理学家甚至根据快乐情绪或悲伤情绪是否主导一个人的经历，将积极怀旧与消极怀旧区分开来。根据句意及空前“whether happy emotions or sad ones”可知，此处表示快乐情绪或悲伤情绪是否主导一个人的经历，空处应填动词dominate“主导”，在从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语distinguish可知，从句用一般现在时。故选B。 13．考查名词。句意：注意到这些趋势，公司正在提供几十年前的产品。根据句意及空前“Taking note of these”可知，此处表示注意到这些趋势，且空前由these修饰，所以空处应填名词复数形式trends“趋势”，作宾语。故选E。 14．考查动词。句意：一些餐馆甚至把20世纪70年代的一些菜肴组合在一起。根据句意及空前“Some restaurants are even putting together menus that”可知，此处表示餐馆把20世纪70年代的一些菜肴组合在一起，空处应填动词feature“以……为特色”，在定语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语are putting together可知，从句谓语动词用一般现在时，关系代词that指代先行词menus，为复数，谓语动词用原形。故选K。 15．考查名词。句意：这种对怀旧的渴望很有意义，因为这种感觉有心理上的好处。根据句意及空前“This desire for nostalgia makes a lot of”可知，此处表示这种对怀旧的渴望很有意义，空处应填名词sense“意义”，make a lot of sense“很有意义”。故选A。 16．考查形容词。句意：但怀旧也会导致情绪问题。根据句意及空后“problems”可知，此处表示怀旧也会导致情绪问题，空处应填形容词emotional“情绪的”，作定语修饰名词problems。故选D。 17．考查名词。句意：专注于过去会让人们对现在不那么满意，也让他们更难找到改善现状的动力。根据句意及空前“Focusing on the past can make people less satisfied with the present and make it harder to find”可知，此处表示专注于过去会让人们对现在不那么满意，也让他们更难找到改善现状的动力，空处应填名词motivation“动力”，作宾语。故选G。 18．考查动词。句意：他们可能会忘记或忽视过去的困难，只想着事情的积极一面。根据句意及空前“They may forget about or”可知，此处表示他们可能会忘记或忽视过去的困难，空处应填动词ignore“忽视”，在情态动词may后，用动词原形。故选C。 19．考查形容词。句意：首先，要有意识地努力认识并感激当前情况中的积极因素。根据句意及空前“Start by making a conscious effort to recognize and be”可知，此处表示要有意识地努力认识并感激当前情况中的积极因素，空处应填形容词grateful“感激的”，作表语。故选J。 20．考查动词。句意：并与他人分享这些回忆，通过更多地了解彼此或通过共同经历加深关系。根据句意及空前“And share these memories with others to deepen relationships by learning more about each other or”可知，此处表示并与他人分享这些回忆，通过更多地了解彼此或通过共同经历加深关系，空处应填动词bond“建立关系”，在介词by后，用动名词形式。故选H。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. No, You Don’t Get an A Just for Effort After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in the book from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new complaint: “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” High marks are for 21 , not grit (硬扛，死磕). In the past, students understood that hard work was not sufficient; an A required great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the quantity of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In surveys, two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for 22 at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a(n) 23 about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck published groundbreaking experiments that changed how many parents and teachers talk to kids. Praising kids for their abilities 24 their resilience (韧劲), making them more likely to give up when they encountered setbacks. To persist and learn in the face of challenges, kids needed to believe that abilities and skills are 25 , and the best way to nurture this growth mindset was to shift from praising intelligence to effort. This idea quickly made its way into viral articles, best-selling books and popular TED talks. Psychologists have long found that rewarding effort cultivates a strong work ethic and reinforces learning. That’s especially 26 for students who weren’t born into comfort or don’t have a record of achievement. 27 , the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work. We are treating it as an end in itself. We’ve taught a generation of kids that their worth is defined 28 by their work ethic. That does great harm to the students. One study found that if there wasn’t a time limit, the higher people scored on their own 29 , the more likely they were to stick to a task they will never accomplish. This is what worries me most about valuing perseverance above all else: It can motivate people to stick with a bad 30 instead of developing better ones. With students, a textbook example is pulling all-nighters rather than spacing out their studying over a few days. Teachers and parents owe kids a more 31 message. There’s a reason we award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest. Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式). Ability, opportunity and luck 32 , too. The ideal 33 to a disappointing grade is not to complain that your diligence wasn’t rewarded. It’s to ask how you could make your investment 34 better. Trying harder isn’t always the answer. Sometimes it’s working smarter, and other times it’s working on something else altogether. Every teacher should support students to succeed. In my classes, I make it clear that my goal is to give as many A’s as possible. But they’re earned through mastering all. The true 35 of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 21．A．industriousness B．engagement C．morality D．excellence 22．A．doing well B．showing up C．nodding off D．burning out 23．A．misunderstanding B．stretching C．extinction D．emergence 24．A．creates B．restores C．stocks D．hurts 25．A．intangible B．attainable C．preservable D．valuable 26．A．fearful B．sentimental C．dreary D．important 27．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides 28．A．barely B．initially C．primarily D．proportionately 29．A．grit B．education C．adaptability D．intellect 30．A．tendency B．strategy C．motive D．criterion 31．A．balanced B．universal C．motivational D．random 32．A．vary B．arise C．count D．interfere 33．A．switch B．response C．obstacle D．access 34．A．run out B．drop in C．catch on D．pay off 35．A．measurement B．significance C．theory D．reward 【答案】 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自己最近在教学中听到学生对成绩抱怨的经历，探讨了教育不应仅以努力程度作为评分标准，卓越的成果才是获得高分的正当理由，指出过度强调努力反而会让学生陷入低效策略，平衡看待能力、方法和机会才是关键。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：高分代表优秀，而不是坚韧。A. industriousness勤勉；B. engagement参与；C. morality道德；D. excellence优秀。根据下文“an A required great work”可知，得A需要出色的工作，因此高分代表的是优秀。故选D。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在调查中，三分之二的大学生表示，“努力”应该是他们成绩的一个因素，三分之一的人认为，他们应该至少得到一个B，因为他们在（大多数）课程中都出现了。A. doing well表现好；B. showing up出现；C. nodding off打瞌睡；D. burning out精疲力竭。根据上文“Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the quantity of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge.”可知，许多学生期望根据他们努力的数量而不是知识的质量得到奖励，因此其想法会是因为在课程中出现而至少得到一个B。故选B。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对最流行的教育理论之一的误解的结果。A. misunderstanding误解；B. stretching延伸；C. extinction灭绝；D. emergence出现。根据下文“____7____, the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work. We are treating it as an end in itself.”可知，我们已经养成了庆祝辛勤工作的习惯，把它本身看作是目的，这是对教育理论的误解。故选A。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：赞扬孩子的能力会伤害他们的韧性，使他们更有可能在遇到挫折时放弃。A. creates创造；B. restores恢复；C. stocks储存；D. hurts伤害。根据下文“making them more likely to give up when they encountered setbacks”可知，这会让孩子更有可能在遇到挫折时放弃，因此是指伤害他们的韧性。故选D。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了在挑战面前坚持和学习，孩子们需要相信能力和技能是可以获得的，而培养这种成长心态的最好方法是从赞扬智力转变为赞扬努力。A. intangible无形的；B. attainable可获得的；C. preservable可保存的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“this growth mindset”可知，成长心态对应的是相信能力和技能是可以获得的。故选B。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对那些并非出生在舒适环境或没有成就记录的学生尤其重要。A. fearful害怕的；B. sentimental感伤的；C. dreary沉闷的；D. important重要的。根据下文“for students who weren’t born into comfort or don’t have a record of achievement”可知，对那些并非出生在舒适环境或没有成就记录的学生而言，奖励努力从而培养强烈的职业道德，并加强学习是很重要的。故选D。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，问题是我们已经养成了庆祝辛勤工作的习惯。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据上文“Psychologists have long found that rewarding effort cultivates a strong work ethic and reinforces learning.”和下文“the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work”可知，前面肯定奖励努力的意义，后面指出我们面临的问题，前后是转折关系，应用However“然而”衔接。故选C。 28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们教育了一代孩子，他们的价值主要是由他们的职业道德来定义的。A. barely几乎不；B. initially最初地；C. primarily主要地；D. proportionately成比例地。根据上文“We are treating it as an end in itself.”可知，我们把庆祝辛勤工作本身看作是目的，这会导致让孩子们认为他们的价值主要是由职业道德来定义的。故选C。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，如果没有时间限制，人们在自己的毅力上得分越高，他们就越有可能坚持完成一项他们永远无法完成的任务。A. grit毅力；B. education教育；C. adaptability适应性；D. intellect智力。根据下文“This is what worries me most about valuing perseverance above all else”可知，作者很担心把毅力看得比什么都重要这件事，因此是指在自己的毅力上得分越高。故选A。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把毅力看得比什么都重要，这是我最担心的：它会促使人们坚持一个糟糕的策略，而不是发展出更好的策略。A. tendency趋势；B. strategy策略；C. motive动机；D. criterion标准。根据下文“With students, a textbook example is pulling all-nighters rather than spacing out their studying over a few days.”可知，后面举出学生通宵学习而非在几天内分开学习的例子，这是他们对待学习的策略，因此是指会促使人们坚持一个糟糕的策略。故选B。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的讯息。A. balanced平衡的；B. universal普遍的；C. motivational激励的；D. random随机的。根据下文“There’s a reason we award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest. Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式).”可知，奖牌奖励的是卓越的表现，而非仅仅是刻苦的训练，影响成就的变量很多，动机只是其中一个，因此是指给孩子一个更平衡的关于成就的讯息。故选A。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：能力、机会和运气也很重要。A. vary变化；B. arise出现；C. count重要；D. interfere干扰。根据上文“Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式).”可知，影响成就的变量很多，能力、机会和运气也很重要。故选C。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对令人失望的成绩，理想的反应不是抱怨你的勤奋没有得到回报。A. switch切换；B. response反应；C. obstacle障碍；D. access使用权。根据下文“not to complain that your diligence wasn’t rewarded”可知，抱怨勤奋没有得到回报不是面对令人失望的成绩的理想反应。故选B。 34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：而是问你如何才能让你的投入取得更好的效果。A. run out用完；B. drop in顺访；C. catch on流行；D. pay off取得好效果。根据此处是讨论如何取得更好的成就的情境，以及上文“how you could make your investment”可知，学生需要思考的是如何才能让投入更好地奏效，即取得更好的效果。故选D。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习的真正衡量标准不是你投入的时间和精力。A. measurement衡量；B. significance意义；C. theory理论；D. reward奖励。根据上文“In my classes, I make it clear that my goal is to give as many A’s as possible. But they’re earned through mastering all.”可知，A是通过掌握所有技能而获得的，因此是指学习的真正衡量标准不是投入的时间和精力。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A On a winter evening in a warm, clean, and softly lit room in Sanyuanqiao, Beijing, 29-year-old sound therapist Hu Chong played various instruments. Around 10 participants, either lying down or sitting, followed her guidance to experience the delicate sensations that sound can bring to the body and mind. As Hu struck a singing bowl and slowly rubbed its border, the delicate tones crept into the participants’ ears and “massaged” (按摩) their heads. She then gently tilted  (倾斜) the ocean drum and stream drum, letting hundreds of tiny beads roll inside, like waves crashing on the shore and the sound of flowing water. Finally came the gong (锣). With each strike, deep and powerful sound waves enveloped the entire space, guiding everyone toward deep relaxation and healing. This practice, known as “sound healing”, has become increasingly popular. Every weekend, similar sessions are held in yoga studios, sound therapy centers, tea rooms, and other leisure spaces across cities nationwide. Although most participants are young women, Hu has noticed a growing number of men attending these sessions in recent years. Despite their diverse backgrounds, participants share a common experience: the burden of significant stress from work or life. “Sound healing has been popular in Western societies for decades,” Hu explained. “Now that our material lives have improved, more and more people are seeking spiritual fulfillment.” According to her, attending a sound healing session is like pressing pause on the outside world and entering a space where you can be fully present with yourself. “This can facilitate self-healing,” Hu said. “At every session, we take a moment to express gratitude to ourselves for making time for our own well-being, which is something to be thankful for.” Luo Dandan, 31, from Hefei, Anhui province, was among the participants that evening. For several years, she has maintained a daily habit of practicing yoga for an hour. However, after attending sound healing sessions, she discovered the unique impact that sound could have on her. “Yoga is primarily about physical relaxation, whereas sound healing allows me to mentally and spiritually reconnect with myself,” she explained. 36．In the process of the “sound healing” mentioned in the passage, the therapist took the following steps except ______. A．hitting a singing bowl and gently touch its border B．sliding into the listeners’ ears and massage their heads C．tilting the drums so that beads inside start rolling D．striking the gong, leading participants to deep relaxation 37．Why does “sound healing” become increasingly popular nowadays? A．Because yoga studios, sound therapy centers and other leisure spaces are popular. B．Because besides women, a growing number of men are attending these sessions. C．Because it has proved effective with its popularity in Western societies for decades. D．Because with improved material lives, more people are looking for spiritual fulfillment. 38．Which of the following is not the benefit of sound healing according to the passage? A．It can facilitate self-healing. B．It can promote physical relaxation. C．It can help mental re-connection with oneself. D．It can help relieve stress from work or life. 39．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Healing Through Sound B．Selves Set Free C．Escape from Stress D．Instruments’ Impact on Us 【答案】36．B 37．D 38．B 39．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了“声音疗愈”越来越受欢迎的现象。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As Hu struck a singing bowl and slowly rubbed its border, the delicate tones crept into the participants’ ears and ‘massaged’ (按摩) their heads.(胡敲打着一个唱歌的碗，慢慢地摩擦它的边缘，微妙的声音悄悄进入参与者的耳朵，‘按摩’他们的头)”可知，文中提到微妙的声音悄悄进入参与者的耳朵，仿佛在‘按摩’参与者的头部，B项“溜进听众的耳朵里，按摩他们的头”不是治疗师采取的步骤。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据第五段“‘Sound healing has been popular in Western societies for decades,’ Hu explained. ‘Now that our material lives have improved, more and more people are seeking spiritual fulfillment.’(‘声音疗法在西方社会已经流行了几十年，’胡解释说。‘随着我们物质生活的改善，越来越多的人开始寻求精神上的满足。’)”可知，随着物质生活的改善，越来越多的人在寻求精神上的满足，所以“声音疗愈”现在变得越来越受欢迎。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段“Despite their diverse backgrounds, participants share a common experience: the burden of significant stress from work or life.(尽管他们的背景不同，但参与者都有一个共同的经历：来自工作或生活的巨大压力)”、倒数第二段中“This can facilitate self-healing(这可以促进自我修复)”和最后一段中“Yoga is primarily about physical relaxation, whereas sound healing allows me to mentally and spiritually reconnect with myself(瑜伽主要是身体放松，而声音治疗让我在精神上和精神上重新与自己联系起来)”可知，“声音疗愈”的好处包括缓解生活和工作中的压力、促进自我修复以及在精神上与自己重新连接，“身体放松”是瑜伽的好处。故选B。 39．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第五段“‘Sound healing has been popular in Western societies for decades,’ Hu explained. ‘Now that our material lives have improved, more and more people are seeking spiritual fulfillment.’(‘声音疗法在西方社会已经流行了几十年，’胡解释说。‘随着我们物质生活的改善，越来越多的人开始寻求精神上的满足。’)”可知，本文主要介绍了“声音疗愈”越来越受欢迎的现象，A项“通过声音治愈”最适合作为标题。故选A。 B Learning English Video Project 1. Encounters in the UK (17 minutes)Watch  Comments Encounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini-series. It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English and stay with local families in what is called a “homestay” arrangement. For the four girls the homestay arrangement is a positive experience. As one of the homestay hosts explains: “It’s going to be a great experience, not only in terms of learning English, but in learning about life.” Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 2. Insights from China (18 minutes)Watch  Comments Never say die Based in the busy, cosmopolitan city of Shanghai, Daniel Emmerson’s latest film Insights from China takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airline industry in China. “Insights from China” focuses largely on the staff and management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English. Spring Airlines is the first low-cost airline in China. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 3. Stories from Morocco (16 minutes)Watch  Comments Set in Casablanca, Morocco, this film features footage and interviews focusing on key questions such as “Why are people learning English?” and “What tips and advice can learners offer?” Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco. Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs. American accents, multi-level classrooms, and the similarities of English to French and Spanish. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 4. Thoughts from Brazil (17 minutes)Watch  Comments Like Insights from China, Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English, especially for children and teens. It will be of particular interest to all those who long for a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative. Teens and young adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music, gaming and social media with self-study. As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo, Brazil, he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 40．From the passage we can conclude that “Learning English Video Project” is most probably______. A．an online course focusing on language and culture B．audio documents on language learning C．a series of English learning video programs D．a set of films on English-speaking countries 41．If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages, he might be interested to watch __________. A．Encounters in the UK B．Stories from Morocco C．Thoughts from Brazil D．Insights from China 42．What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo, Brazil? A．Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative. B．Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners. C．The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning. D．The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners. 【答案】40．C 41．B 42．D 【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，主要向我们介绍了几个英语短视频，它们是学习英语的视频项目，向不同需求的读者提供了不同的学习视频。 40．细节理解题。根据Encounters in the UK （17 minutes）中的最后一句“It’s going to be a great experience, not only in terms of learning English, but in learning about life.”、Insights from China中的“Insights from China” …committed to learning English”； Stories from Morocco 中的“Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco. …the similarities of English to French and Spanish.”和Thoughts from Brazil （17 minutes）中的“Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English”可知学习英语视频节目是一系列短的视频节目，故选C。 41．细节理解题。根据Stories from Morocco (16 minutes )中的最后“Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs. American accents, multi-level classrooms, and the similarities of English to French and Spanish.”可知“被采访者涉及各种话题，包括英国口音与美国口音、多层次教室以及英语与法语和西班牙语的相似之处。”，由此可知，可知Stories from Morocco中介绍了英国和美国口音和英语，法语和西班牙语的相似性，故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据Thoughts from Brazil 中的“As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo，Brazil，he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era”．可知在圣保罗通过做来学习的原则被学习者广泛接受，分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。 【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。细节理解是指原文提到了某事，某种现象或理论，题干一般针对原文具体叙述的事情本身提问。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。如第3小题。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容或“三误一正”。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。细节理解题有时考查的并不是单一的信息，而是多处信息的整合。如第1小题，根据Encounters in the UK （17 minutes）中的最后一句“It’s going to be a great experience, not only in terms of learning English, but in learning about life.”；Insights from China中的“Insights from China” …committed to learning English”； Stories from Morocco 中的“Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco. …the similarities of English to French and Spanish.”和Thoughts from Brazil （17 minutes）中的“Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English”可知学习英语视频节目是一系列短的视频节目，故选C。解答此类“综合”信息细节题时，一定要全面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、归纳，切忌根据“一面之词”草率地作出结论。 C There exists a certain human experience that goes beyond cultures and generations— the sudden shake that runs down your spine (脊柱) when a violin reaches its highest note, or when singers’ harmony resolves perfectly. These musical chills, electrifying feelings triggered by emotionally powerful music, sometimes accompanied by visible goosebumps, represent one of the most fascinating blends between art and neurology. Recent advances in brain imaging have transformed our understanding of this phenomenon, revealing it to be a complex neurological event involving multiple brain regions. The process begins with pattern recognition in the auditory cortex (听觉皮层) , which constantly predicts where a musical phrase will lead. When a composer breaks these expectations on purpose—through an unexpected key change, or a delay in resolution— it creates what neuroscientists call “prediction error.” This surprise element triggers the nucleus accumbens (伏隔核) , the brain’s pleasure center associated with reward processing. Within milliseconds, the area releases dopamine, the same neurotransmitter involved in the pleasures of eating chocolate or falling in love. Studies show this neural activity pattern is nearly identical to that seen during other peak emotional experiences. Individual differences in musical chills provide important clues. Only about half the population reports frequent musical chills, and brain scans reveal why. These individuals possess stronger white matter connections between the auditory cortex and two key regions: one processing bodily awareness and the other involved in emotional evaluation. This enhanced neural connection creates the ability to experience more delicate emotional responses to music. The evolutionary origins of this response may come before humanity itself. Charles Darwin first noted that music shares characteristics with animal distress calls and mating songs. The physiological markers of musical chills— including goosebumps and changes in heart rate— mirror ancient fear and excitement responses. Some theorists suggest music developed as an early language that promoted social unity, with chill responses reinforcing group bonding through shared emotional peaks. Modern medicine has begun using this knowledge. Neurologists now use musical chill tests to assess lack of emotional response in depression patients, as reduced chill response connects with an inability to feel pleasure. Music therapists working with Alzheimer’s patients have documented cases where chill-arousing songs temporarily restore access to lost memories, likely through activation of the region relatively spared in early dementia (痴呆症) . The next time you feel that familiar shake during a favorite song, recognize it for what it truly is. In those chilling notes lies evidence of our incredible neural complexity, our ancient evolutionary past, and our enduring capacity for amazing experience. 43．What triggers the “prediction error” in Paragraph 2? A．The release of dopamine from the same neurotransmitter area. B．A composer’s intentional breaking of listeners’ musical expectations. C．The similarity between musical chills and other emotional experiences. D．The auditory cortex’s failure to recognize the familiar musical patterns. 44．What can we know about the evolutionary fact of musical chills? A．They were developed to distinguish between fear and excitement responses. B．They played a role in promoting social connection among early human groups. C．Their origin lay in the same biological mechanism as animal mating behaviors. D．Their physical indicators like goosebumps fade away in the process of evolution. 45．From the case of Alzheimer’s patients, we can infer that _________. A．chill-arousing music is the more effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease B．all dementia patients can fully recover lost memories through musical chills C．emotional distress in depression is caused by weakened musical chill responses D．modern medicine has begun to apply the effect of musical chills to curing diseases 46．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Only music with specific notes can trigger the neural activity of chills. B．The experience of musical chills reflects multiple aspects of human nature. C．Musical chills are the most direct way to study the human brain’s complexity. D．The ability to feel musical chills is unique to humans compared with other species. 【答案】43．B 44．B 45．D 46．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了音乐寒颤是艺术与神经学的交汇现象，由作曲家打破听众音乐预期触发，其个体差异、演化起源已被揭示，且该研究成果已应用于现代医学领域。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When a composer breaks these expectations on purpose—through an unexpected key change, or a delay in resolution— it creates what neuroscientists call “prediction error.”(当作曲家故意打破这些预期时——比如采用出人意料的转调或延迟和声解决时——就会产生神经科学家所说的“预测错误”。)”可知，作曲家故意打破听众的音乐期望触发了“预测错误”。故选B项。 44．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some theorists suggest music developed as an early language that promoted social unity, with chill responses reinforcing group bonding through shared emotional peaks.( 一些理论家认为，音乐是一种促进社会团结的早期语言，通过共同的情感高峰，寒颤反应加强了群体联系。)”可知，关于音乐寒颤的进化事实，我们能知道它们在促进早期人类群体之间的社会联系方面发挥了作用。故选B项。 45．推理判断题。根据第五段“Modern medicine has begun using this knowledge. Neurologists now use musical chill tests to assess lack of emotional response in depression patients, as reduced chill response connects with an inability to feel pleasure. Music therapists working with Alzheimer’s patients have documented cases where chill-arousing songs temporarily restore access to lost memories, likely through activation of the region relatively spared in early dementia (痴呆症) .( 现代医学已经开始运用这一知识。神经学家现在使用音乐寒颤测试来评估抑郁症患者缺乏情绪反应，因为寒颤反应的减少与无法感受到快乐有关。与阿尔茨海默病患者一起工作的音乐治疗师已经记录了一些案例，这些案例表明，能令人起鸡皮疙瘩的歌曲可以暂时恢复对失去的记忆的访问，可能是通过激活早期痴呆症相对不受影响的区域。)”可知，从老年痴呆症患者的案例中，我们可以推断现代医学已经开始利用音乐寒颤的效果来治疗疾病。故选D项。 46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next time you feel that familiar shake during a favorite song, recognize it for what it truly is. In those chilling notes lies evidence of our incredible neural complexity, our ancient evolutionary past, and our enduring capacity for amazing experience.( 下次当你在听最喜欢的歌曲时感到那种熟悉的颤抖时，认清它的真正含义。那些令人起鸡皮疙瘩的音符证明了我们令人难以置信的神经复杂性，我们古老的进化历史，以及我们对惊人体验的持久能力。)”可推知，作者在最后一段暗示了音乐寒颤的经历反映了人性的多个方面。故选B项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Reduce Screen Time and Focus on Studying In today’s digital age, where screens dominate both education and entertainment, managing screen time has become an essential skill for students. While we can’t avoid using devices completely, learning to manage our screen time can lead to better focus, improved health, and greater academic achievements. A good way to start is by using the screen time tracker already on your phone or computer. 47 It can encourage you to transition to offline activities once your time is up. To further minimize distractions, keeping your phone away when you’re studying also helps. Try making your desk or bedroom a phone-free area. Studies show that just seeing your phone can make it harder to concentrate, so putting it in another room while you study is a smart move. For those needing extra motivation, focus apps offer a creative solution. These tools, like Forest, gamify the process of staying offline. For example, you grow a virtual tree that stays alive only if you don’t use your phone. You can also try studying in short blocks, like 25 minutes at a time with 5-minute breaks in between. 48 It is called the Pomodoro Technique, a structured method for developing deep work habits, managing energy, and defeating digital distractions. 49 Writing by hand has been shown to help you remember things better than typing. Additionally, you might also want to set aside time each day to study without any screens at all. Even one hour can make a difference. Remember, the goal isn’t to stop using technology completely. 50 By trying these simple ideas, you can take back your time, focus better on your work, and feel more in control of your day. A．Setting daily limits for distracting apps creates a clear boundary. B．It also helps you become more aware of where your time is going. C．Turning off messages during this session can further reduce temptation. D．It’s about finding a good balance so that screens don’t control your life. E．Beyond digital tools, embracing physical study materials provides substantial benefits. F．This method helps your brain stay fresh and makes it easier to remember what you’re learning. 【答案】47．B 48．F 49．E 50．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“如何减少屏幕时间、专注学习”这一主题，介绍了使用屏幕时间追踪器、远离手机、借助专注类应用、运用番茄工作法、使用纸质学习材料等实用方法，旨在帮助学生平衡电子产品使用与学习，提升专注力和学习效率。 47．根据前文“A good way to start is by using the screen time tracker already on your phone or computer.(一个好的开始方法是使用手机或电脑上已有的屏幕时间追踪器)”可知，空格处需要承接这一内容，说明使用该工具的作用。B选项“It also helps you become more aware of where your time is going.(它还能帮助你更加清楚自己的时间都花在了哪里)” 符合语境。故选B项。 48．根据前文“You can also try studying in short blocks, like 25 minutes at a time with 5-minute breaks in between.(你也可以尝试短时段学习，比如每次学25分钟，中间休息5分钟)”可知，选项应承接上文说明这种方法的作用。F选项“This method helps your brain stay fresh and makes it easier to remember what you’re learning.(这种方法能让你的大脑保持清醒，也能让你更容易记住所学内容)”中的This method指代前文的短时段学习法，既承接了上文，又为下文介绍番茄工作法的优势做了铺垫，符合语境。故选F项。 49．根据后文“Writing by hand has been shown to help you remember things better than typing. Additionally, you might also want to set aside time each day to study without any screens at all.(事实证明，手写比打字更能帮助你记住内容。此外，你或许还可以每天留出一段时间，完全不使用任何屏幕来学习)”可知，本段介绍的是脱离电子设备、使用纸质材料学习的好处。E选项“Beyond digital tools, embracing physical study materials provides substantial benefits.(除了数字工具之外，使用实体学习材料也能带来诸多好处)”能够总领全段，引出下文的具体内容，符合语境。故选E项。 50．根据前文“Remember, the goal isn’t to stop using technology completely.(要记住，我们的目标并不是完全停止使用科技)”可知，空格处需要承接这一观点，说明真正的目标是什么。D选项“It’s about finding a good balance so that screens don’t control your life. (而是找到一个恰当的平衡点，让屏幕不会掌控你的生活)”与前文形成转折，点明了减少屏幕时间的核心目的，且与后文“By trying these simple ideas, you can take back your time, focus better on your work, and feel more in control of your day.(通过尝试这些简单的方法，你可以重新掌控自己的时间，更专注于学习，并感觉更好地控制你的一天)”相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Wish You Were More Creative? Just Pretend! One great irony about our collective interest in creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we’re “creative” or we aren’t, without much of a middle ground. “I’m just not a creative person!” a frustrated student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for her difficulties in math, concluding with a comment such as, “I’m very right-brained.” Dr. Pillay, an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent a great part of his career correcting these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to forget the advice that urges you to “believe in yourself”. In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else. Dr. Pillay points to a 2016 study demonstrating the impact of stereotypes (刻板印象) on one’s behavior. The authors, educational psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided the college student subjects into three groups, instructing the members of one to think of themselves as “weird poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “strict librarians” (the third group was the control). The researchers then presented all the participants with ten ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as weird poets came up with the widest range of ideas, while those in the strict-librarian group had the fewest. Meanwhile the researchers found only small differences in students’ creativity levels across academic majors. In fact, the physics majors imagining themselves as poets came up with more ideas than the art majors did. These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual feature but a “product of context and perspective”. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person. Dr. Pillay’s work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. Unfortunately, those ideas often get drowned out because most of us spend way too much time worrying, and about two things in particular: how successful/unsuccessful we are and how little we’re focusing on the task at hand. These twin worries feed on each other an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe — and so we don’t allow our minds to wander into its quietly fertile fields. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Many people regard themselves either creative or not creative. Yet, experts proved creativity is not a personal quality and could be gained in specified situations. Another expert believes people could get creative by pretending to be someone else. But most people fail to do so because they care so much about success, forcing themselves to focus all the time. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，许多人要么认为自己富有创造力，要么认为自己缺乏创造力。然而，专家们证明，创造力并非一种个人特质，而是在特定情境下能够培养出来的。另一位专家认为，人们可以通过假扮他人来获得创造力。但大多数人做不到这一点，因为他们太在意成功了，以至于总是强迫自己全神贯注。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we’re “creative” or we aren’t, without much of a middle ground. ②These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual feature but a “product of context and perspective”. ③Dr. Pillay’s work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. ④Unfortunately, those ideas often get drowned out because most of us spend way too much time worrying, and about two things in particular: how successful/unsuccessful we are and how little we’re focusing on the task at hand. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Many people regard themselves either creative or not creative. Yet, experts proved creativity is not a personal quality and could be gained in specified situations. Another expert believes people could get creative by pretending to be someone else. But most people fail to do so because they care so much about success, forcing themselves to focus all the time. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Another expert believes people could get creative by pretending to be someone else.运用了省略that的宾语从句和动名词作宾语对倒数第二段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] But most people fail to do so because they care so much about success, forcing themselves to focus all the time.用because引导原因状语从句对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．校门口，妈妈往她包里塞了一副手套和一条羊毛围巾。(pack) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】At the school gate, her mother packed a pair of gloves and a woolen scarf into her bag. 【详解】考查动词、介词短语和名词。表示“在校门口”短语为at the school gate，在句中作地点状语；表示“她的妈妈”应用her mother；表示“塞……进……里”短语为pack...into...，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词pack用过去式packed；表示“一副手套”短语为a pair of gloves；表示“一条羊毛围巾”短语为a woolen scarf ；表示“包”应用bag。故答案为At the school gate, her mother packed a pair of gloves and a woolen scarf into her bag. 53．这款基于中国古典小说的游戏让许多外国玩家感受到了东方魅力。（expose）（汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】The game based on Chinese classical novels exposes many foreign players to Eastern charm. 【详解】考查过去分词、动词时态和固定搭配。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，全句使用一般现在时；表示“这款游戏”为the game作主语，位于句首单词首字母需大写，表示“基于中国古典小说的”作定语修饰主语，“基于……”为based on为过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动关系，表示“中国古典小说”为Chinese classical novels作宾语；主语为the game，视为单数，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，表示“让……感受到”为expose...to...，表示“使接触/体验到”，所以谓语动词为exposes；“许多外国玩家”为many foreign players作exposes的宾语，“东方魅力”译为Eastern charm作介词to的宾语。故翻译为The game based on Chinese classical novels exposes many foreign players to Eastern charm. 54．这位工程师将心血倾注于芯片研发，不断攻坚克难，赢得了“时代楷模”的美名。(invest) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】The engineer invested all his efforts in chip research, constantly overcoming difficulties, and earned the title “Role Model of the Times.” 【详解】考查动词、副词和名词。表示“工程师”用the engineer；表示“倾注……于”短语为invest...in...，此处用invest all his efforts in表示“将心血倾注于”，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时；表示“芯片研发”短语为chip research；表示“不断”短语为constantly；表示“攻坚克难”短语为overcome difficulties，此处使用副词constantly作状语修饰动词，同时the engineer与overcome之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语；表示“赢得……美名”短语为earn the title of...，此处用earned the title “Role Model of the Times”表示“赢得了‘时代楷模’的美名”，与前文invested构成并列。故翻译为The engineer invested all his efforts in chip research, constantly overcoming difficulties, and earned the title “Role Model of the Times.” 55．在失重的环境中，吃饭喝水皆非易事，但中国人对吃的挚爱让我们的宇航员在空间站里成功吃上了烧烤盛宴。(so...that...) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】In a weightless environment, eating and drinking are so challenging that Chinese astronauts’ deep love for food enabled them to enjoy a barbecue feast successfully in the space station. 【详解】考查短语、时态和状语从句。表示“在失重的环境中”可用in a weightless environment，作状语；表示“吃饭喝水”可用动名词eating and drinking；表示“皆非易事”可用be challenging，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是两个并列的动名词，为复数意义，be用are；“中国人对吃的挚爱让我们的宇航员在空间站里成功吃上了烧烤盛宴”可处理为结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于”用so…that…；从句中主语表示“中国人对吃的挚爱”可理解为“中国宇航员对食物的深厚热爱”用Chinese astronauts’ deep love for food；表示“使某人能够……”可用enable sb. to do sth.，从句陈述已经发生的事，用一般过去时，enable用过去式enabled；表示“成功吃上了烧烤盛宴”可用enjoy a barbecue feast successfully；表示“在空间站里”为in the space station。故翻译为In a weightless environment, eating and drinking are so challenging that Chinese astronauts’ deep love for food enabled them to enjoy a barbecue feast successfully in the space station. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着科技的发展和互联网的普及，网络教学得到了越来越多的推广。对此，人们有不同的看法。请你写一篇120—150词的作文，表达你对网络教学的看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With the rapid development of technology and people’s demand for education mounting, online education has become increasingly popular worldwide. However, people’s opinions on online education vary from person to person. As far as I’m concerned, online education brings more benefits than harms to us. The biggest advantage of online education is the accessibility, which means students can have access to their learning materials whenever and wherever they like. Secondly, it is convenient for students to obtain knowledge by online education, which can save students lots of time spending on travelling between home and school. Finally, online learning makes individualized learning possible. For instance, students may be able to listen to prerecorded lectures, view lecture notes on-screen or print them out on paper, depending on their personal preferences. In the end, although online learning may be a challenge to those who are easily distracted because of lack of self-discipline and self-control, online education is a useful and important supplement to traditional teaching and it can provide learners with flexible and versatile ways of learning. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，随着科技的发展和互联网的普及，网络教学得到了越来越多的推广。对此，人们有不同的看法。请你写一篇120—150词的作文，表达你对网络教学的看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 获得：obtain→ gain/acquire 依靠：depend on→ reply on 重要的：important→significant 传统的：traditional→conventional 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Finally, online learning makes individualized learning possible. 拓展句：Finally, online learning makes individualized learning possible, which is beneficial to students. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The biggest advantage of online education is the accessibility, which means students can have access to their learning materials whenever and wherever they like.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] For instance, students may be able to listen to prerecorded lectures, view lecture notes on-screen or print them out on paper, depending on their personal preferences.（现在分词作状语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Words单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. First published on October 15, 1952, “Charlotte’s Web” is a popular children’s book written by well-known American author E. B．White and 1 （illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes of the nature of friendship, loss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The story centers on a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship 2 shares with an uncommonly talented spider named Charlotte. While it’s normal in the course of events on a farm for pigs 3 （kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charlotte works out a scheme to keep Wilbur from his fate by weaving words into her web to create what amounts to a one-pig publicity campaign. By promoting Wilbur to celebrity status, Charlotte ultimately saves him 4 his date with the butcher’s knife. The ending of the “Charlotte’s Web” is bittersweet, however, 5 while Wilbur survives, Charlotte does not. But even Charlotte’s passing is a lesson-for Wilbur and those reading his story-about the nature of death and renewal. Death and destiny are both themes that the book explores. While Charlotte is willing to help Wilbur avoid a destiny that’s being imposed on him by outside forces beyond his control, she also understands that some fates are inevitable: All living creatures are born, 6 （have）a life cycle, and die. Charlotte accepts her role in this natural circle without regret. Charlotte helps Wilbur realize that immortality is not about living forever, but rather, 7 （ensure）that new generations will follow. She also helps him understand that love and friendship are not fixed in quantity. While we may lose a friend, new friendships can come along, not as replacements for 8 we’ve lost, but as blessings to build on what we’ve learned. “Charlotte’s Web” got its inspiration from true experiences that author E. B．White had on his farm in Maine, 9 he penned the book and lived until his death in 1985．While the author claims that the book 10 never be considered a moral tale, certain messages related to moral principles, or rights and wrongs, are obviously established in “Charlotte’s Web”. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.   A．sense  B．dominate  C． ignore  D．emotional  E. trends  F. combined  G. motivation  H. bonding  I. associated  J. grateful  K. feature   Remember when ... Do you ever find yourself looking back on earlier times, remembering happy moments from the past? Nostalgia, the feeling 11 with remembering happiness in the past, is often described as bittersweet. It is bitter because you long for things that are no more but sweet as you enjoy remembering your past happiness. Some psychologists even distinguish positive nostalgia from negative nostalgia, depending on whether happy emotions or sad ones 12 a person’s experience.   In today’s culture, expressions of nostalgia are becoming common. People share old social media posts remembering the good old days. They buy products made years ago from secondhand stores and enjoy media that reminds them of their childhoods. Taking note of these 13 companies are offering products like those of earlier decades. Social media platforms offer filters that can make pictures look like old photographs. Some restaurants are even putting together menus that 14 some dishes from the 1970s. And the fact that people are buying all these products shows that those people want to experience nostalgia.   This desire for nostalgia makes a lot of 15 because this feeling has psychological benefits. It can improve a person’s mood and self-esteem (自我价值感), sometimes helping people handle difficult transitions in life. It can also help people connect with others as they share memories.   But nostalgia can also lead to 16 problems. Focusing on the past can make people less satisfied with the present and make it harder to find 17 to improve their current situation. Nostalgia can also lead people to view earlier stages of life with rose-colored glasses. They may forget about or 18 past hardships, thinking only about the positive side of things.   How can you find a balance, remembering the past without letting it interfere with the present? Start by making a conscious effort to recognize and be 19 for the positives in your current situation. While remembering the past, focus on lessons you’ve learned and ways you’ve grown and changed over the years. And share these memories with others to deepen relationships by learning more about each other or 20 over shared experiences.   Nostalgia can bring many benefits to individuals and to communities, but we all must remain cautious of its potential downsides. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. No, You Don’t Get an A Just for Effort After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in the book from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new complaint: “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” High marks are for 21 , not grit (硬扛，死磕). In the past, students understood that hard work was not sufficient; an A required great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the quantity of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In surveys, two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for 22 at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a(n) 23 about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck published groundbreaking experiments that changed how many parents and teachers talk to kids. Praising kids for their abilities 24 their resilience (韧劲), making them more likely to give up when they encountered setbacks. To persist and learn in the face of challenges, kids needed to believe that abilities and skills are 25 , and the best way to nurture this growth mindset was to shift from praising intelligence to effort. This idea quickly made its way into viral articles, best-selling books and popular TED talks. Psychologists have long found that rewarding effort cultivates a strong work ethic and reinforces learning. That’s especially 26 for students who weren’t born into comfort or don’t have a record of achievement. 27 , the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work. We are treating it as an end in itself. We’ve taught a generation of kids that their worth is defined 28 by their work ethic. That does great harm to the students. One study found that if there wasn’t a time limit, the higher people scored on their own 29 , the more likely they were to stick to a task they will never accomplish. This is what worries me most about valuing perseverance above all else: It can motivate people to stick with a bad 30 instead of developing better ones. With students, a textbook example is pulling all-nighters rather than spacing out their studying over a few days. Teachers and parents owe kids a more 31 message. There’s a reason we award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest. Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式). Ability, opportunity and luck 32 , too. The ideal 33 to a disappointing grade is not to complain that your diligence wasn’t rewarded. It’s to ask how you could make your investment 34 better. Trying harder isn’t always the answer. Sometimes it’s working smarter, and other times it’s working on something else altogether. Every teacher should support students to succeed. In my classes, I make it clear that my goal is to give as many A’s as possible. But they’re earned through mastering all. The true 35 of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 21．A．industriousness B．engagement C．morality D．excellence 22．A．doing well B．showing up C．nodding off D．burning out 23．A．misunderstanding B．stretching C．extinction D．emergence 24．A．creates B．restores C．stocks D．hurts 25．A．intangible B．attainable C．preservable D．valuable 26．A．fearful B．sentimental C．dreary D．important 27．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides 28．A．barely B．initially C．primarily D．proportionately 29．A．grit B．education C．adaptability D．intellect 30．A．tendency B．strategy C．motive D．criterion 31．A．balanced B．universal C．motivational D．random 32．A．vary B．arise C．count D．interfere 33．A．switch B．response C．obstacle D．access 34．A．run out B．drop in C．catch on D．pay off 35．A．measurement B．significance C．theory D．reward Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A On a winter evening in a warm, clean, and softly lit room in Sanyuanqiao, Beijing, 29-year-old sound therapist Hu Chong played various instruments. Around 10 participants, either lying down or sitting, followed her guidance to experience the delicate sensations that sound can bring to the body and mind. As Hu struck a singing bowl and slowly rubbed its border, the delicate tones crept into the participants’ ears and “massaged” (按摩) their heads. She then gently tilted  (倾斜) the ocean drum and stream drum, letting hundreds of tiny beads roll inside, like waves crashing on the shore and the sound of flowing water. Finally came the gong (锣). With each strike, deep and powerful sound waves enveloped the entire space, guiding everyone toward deep relaxation and healing. This practice, known as “sound healing”, has become increasingly popular. Every weekend, similar sessions are held in yoga studios, sound therapy centers, tea rooms, and other leisure spaces across cities nationwide. Although most participants are young women, Hu has noticed a growing number of men attending these sessions in recent years. Despite their diverse backgrounds, participants share a common experience: the burden of significant stress from work or life. “Sound healing has been popular in Western societies for decades,” Hu explained. “Now that our material lives have improved, more and more people are seeking spiritual fulfillment.” According to her, attending a sound healing session is like pressing pause on the outside world and entering a space where you can be fully present with yourself. “This can facilitate self-healing,” Hu said. “At every session, we take a moment to express gratitude to ourselves for making time for our own well-being, which is something to be thankful for.” Luo Dandan, 31, from Hefei, Anhui province, was among the participants that evening. For several years, she has maintained a daily habit of practicing yoga for an hour. However, after attending sound healing sessions, she discovered the unique impact that sound could have on her. “Yoga is primarily about physical relaxation, whereas sound healing allows me to mentally and spiritually reconnect with myself,” she explained. 36．In the process of the “sound healing” mentioned in the passage, the therapist took the following steps except ______. A．hitting a singing bowl and gently touch its border B．sliding into the listeners’ ears and massage their heads C．tilting the drums so that beads inside start rolling D．striking the gong, leading participants to deep relaxation 37．Why does “sound healing” become increasingly popular nowadays? A．Because yoga studios, sound therapy centers and other leisure spaces are popular. B．Because besides women, a growing number of men are attending these sessions. C．Because it has proved effective with its popularity in Western societies for decades. D．Because with improved material lives, more people are looking for spiritual fulfillment. 38．Which of the following is not the benefit of sound healing according to the passage? A．It can facilitate self-healing. B．It can promote physical relaxation. C．It can help mental re-connection with oneself. D．It can help relieve stress from work or life. 39．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Healing Through Sound B．Selves Set Free C．Escape from Stress D．Instruments’ Impact on Us Learning English Video Project 1. Encounters in the UK (17 minutes)Watch  Comments Encounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini-series. It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English and stay with local families in what is called a “homestay” arrangement. For the four girls the homestay arrangement is a positive experience. As one of the homestay hosts explains: “It’s going to be a great experience, not only in terms of learning English, but in learning about life.” Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 2. Insights from China (18 minutes)Watch  Comments Never say die Based in the busy, cosmopolitan city of Shanghai, Daniel Emmerson’s latest film Insights from China takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airline industry in China. “Insights from China” focuses largely on the staff and management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English. Spring Airlines is the first low-cost airline in China. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 3. Stories from Morocco (16 minutes)Watch  Comments Set in Casablanca, Morocco, this film features footage and interviews focusing on key questions such as “Why are people learning English?” and “What tips and advice can learners offer?” Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco. Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs. American accents, multi-level classrooms, and the similarities of English to French and Spanish. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 4. Thoughts from Brazil (17 minutes)Watch  Comments Like Insights from China, Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English, especially for children and teens. It will be of particular interest to all those who long for a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative. Teens and young adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music, gaming and social media with self-study. As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo, Brazil, he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 40．From the passage we can conclude that “Learning English Video Project” is most probably______. A．an online course focusing on language and culture B．audio documents on language learning C．a series of English learning video programs D．a set of films on English-speaking countries 41．If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages, he might be interested to watch __________. A．Encounters in the UK B．Stories from Morocco C．Thoughts from Brazil D．Insights from China 42．What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo, Brazil? A．Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative. B．Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners. C．The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning. D．The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners. C There exists a certain human experience that goes beyond cultures and generations— the sudden shake that runs down your spine (脊柱) when a violin reaches its highest note, or when singers’ harmony resolves perfectly. These musical chills, electrifying feelings triggered by emotionally powerful music, sometimes accompanied by visible goosebumps, represent one of the most fascinating blends between art and neurology. Recent advances in brain imaging have transformed our understanding of this phenomenon, revealing it to be a complex neurological event involving multiple brain regions. The process begins with pattern recognition in the auditory cortex (听觉皮层) , which constantly predicts where a musical phrase will lead. When a composer breaks these expectations on purpose—through an unexpected key change, or a delay in resolution— it creates what neuroscientists call “prediction error.” This surprise element triggers the nucleus accumbens (伏隔核) , the brain’s pleasure center associated with reward processing. Within milliseconds, the area releases dopamine, the same neurotransmitter involved in the pleasures of eating chocolate or falling in love. Studies show this neural activity pattern is nearly identical to that seen during other peak emotional experiences. Individual differences in musical chills provide important clues. Only about half the population reports frequent musical chills, and brain scans reveal why. These individuals possess stronger white matter connections between the auditory cortex and two key regions: one processing bodily awareness and the other involved in emotional evaluation. This enhanced neural connection creates the ability to experience more delicate emotional responses to music. The evolutionary origins of this response may come before humanity itself. Charles Darwin first noted that music shares characteristics with animal distress calls and mating songs. The physiological markers of musical chills— including goosebumps and changes in heart rate— mirror ancient fear and excitement responses. Some theorists suggest music developed as an early language that promoted social unity, with chill responses reinforcing group bonding through shared emotional peaks. Modern medicine has begun using this knowledge. Neurologists now use musical chill tests to assess lack of emotional response in depression patients, as reduced chill response connects with an inability to feel pleasure. Music therapists working with Alzheimer’s patients have documented cases where chill-arousing songs temporarily restore access to lost memories, likely through activation of the region relatively spared in early dementia (痴呆症) . The next time you feel that familiar shake during a favorite song, recognize it for what it truly is. In those chilling notes lies evidence of our incredible neural complexity, our ancient evolutionary past, and our enduring capacity for amazing experience. 43．What triggers the “prediction error” in Paragraph 2? A．The release of dopamine from the same neurotransmitter area. B．A composer’s intentional breaking of listeners’ musical expectations. C．The similarity between musical chills and other emotional experiences. D．The auditory cortex’s failure to recognize the familiar musical patterns. 44．What can we know about the evolutionary fact of musical chills? A．They were developed to distinguish between fear and excitement responses. B．They played a role in promoting social connection among early human groups. C．Their origin lay in the same biological mechanism as animal mating behaviors. D．Their physical indicators like goosebumps fade away in the process of evolution. 45．From the case of Alzheimer’s patients, we can infer that _________. A．chill-arousing music is the more effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease B．all dementia patients can fully recover lost memories through musical chills C．emotional distress in depression is caused by weakened musical chill responses D．modern medicine has begun to apply the effect of musical chills to curing diseases 46．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Only music with specific notes can trigger the neural activity of chills. B．The experience of musical chills reflects multiple aspects of human nature. C．Musical chills are the most direct way to study the human brain’s complexity. D．The ability to feel musical chills is unique to humans compared with other species. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Reduce Screen Time and Focus on Studying In today’s digital age, where screens dominate both education and entertainment, managing screen time has become an essential skill for students. While we can’t avoid using devices completely, learning to manage our screen time can lead to better focus, improved health, and greater academic achievements. A good way to start is by using the screen time tracker already on your phone or computer. 47 It can encourage you to transition to offline activities once your time is up. To further minimize distractions, keeping your phone away when you’re studying also helps. Try making your desk or bedroom a phone-free area. Studies show that just seeing your phone can make it harder to concentrate, so putting it in another room while you study is a smart move. For those needing extra motivation, focus apps offer a creative solution. These tools, like Forest, gamify the process of staying offline. For example, you grow a virtual tree that stays alive only if you don’t use your phone. You can also try studying in short blocks, like 25 minutes at a time with 5-minute breaks in between. 48 It is called the Pomodoro Technique, a structured method for developing deep work habits, managing energy, and defeating digital distractions. 49 Writing by hand has been shown to help you remember things better than typing. Additionally, you might also want to set aside time each day to study without any screens at all. Even one hour can make a difference. Remember, the goal isn’t to stop using technology completely. 50 By trying these simple ideas, you can take back your time, focus better on your work, and feel more in control of your day. A．Setting daily limits for distracting apps creates a clear boundary. B．It also helps you become more aware of where your time is going. C．Turning off messages during this session can further reduce temptation. D．It’s about finding a good balance so that screens don’t control your life. E．Beyond digital tools, embracing physical study materials provides substantial benefits. F．This method helps your brain stay fresh and makes it easier to remember what you’re learning. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Wish You Were More Creative? Just Pretend! One great irony about our collective interest in creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we’re “creative” or we aren’t, without much of a middle ground. “I’m just not a creative person!” a frustrated student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for her difficulties in math, concluding with a comment such as, “I’m very right-brained.” Dr. Pillay, an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent a great part of his career correcting these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to forget the advice that urges you to “believe in yourself”. In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else. Dr. Pillay points to a 2016 study demonstrating the impact of stereotypes (刻板印象) on one’s behavior. The authors, educational psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided the college student subjects into three groups, instructing the members of one to think of themselves as “weird poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “strict librarians” (the third group was the control). The researchers then presented all the participants with ten ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as weird poets came up with the widest range of ideas, while those in the strict-librarian group had the fewest. Meanwhile the researchers found only small differences in students’ creativity levels across academic majors. In fact, the physics majors imagining themselves as poets came up with more ideas than the art majors did. These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual feature but a “product of context and perspective”. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person. Dr. Pillay’s work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. Unfortunately, those ideas often get drowned out because most of us spend way too much time worrying, and about two things in particular: how successful/unsuccessful we are and how little we’re focusing on the task at hand. These twin worries feed on each other an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe — and so we don’t allow our minds to wander into its quietly fertile fields. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．校门口，妈妈往她包里塞了一副手套和一条羊毛围巾。(pack) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 53．这款基于中国古典小说的游戏让许多外国玩家感受到了东方魅力。（expose）（汉译英） _______________________________________________ 54．这位工程师将心血倾注于芯片研发，不断攻坚克难，赢得了“时代楷模”的美名。(invest) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 55．在失重的环境中，吃饭喝水皆非易事，但中国人对吃的挚爱让我们的宇航员在空间站里成功吃上了烧烤盛宴。(so...that...) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着科技的发展和互联网的普及，网络教学得到了越来越多的推广。对此，人们有不同的看法。请你写一篇120—150词的作文，表达你对网络教学的看法。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Words单元测试·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） （参考答案） 1．illustrated 2．he 3．to be killed 4．from 5．because 6．have 7．ensuring 8．what 9．where 10．can 11．I 12．B 13．E 14．K 15．A 16．D 17．G 18．C 19．J 20．H 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．D 43．B 44．B 45．D 46．B 47．B 48．F 49．E 50．D 51．Many people regard themselves either creative or not creative. Yet, experts proved creativity is not a personal quality and could be gained in specified situations. Another expert believes people could get creative by pretending to be someone else. But most people fail to do so because they care so much about success, forcing themselves to focus all the time. 52．At the school gate, her mother packed a pair of gloves and a woolen scarf into her bag. 53．The game based on Chinese classical novels exposes many foreign players to Eastern charm. 54．The engineer invested all his efforts in chip research, constantly overcoming difficulties, and earned the title “Role Model of the Times.” 55．In a weightless environment, eating and drinking are so challenging that Chinese astronauts’ deep love for food enabled them to enjoy a barbecue feast successfully in the space station. 56．With the rapid development of technology and people’s demand for education mounting, online education has become increasingly popular worldwide. However, people’s opinions on online education vary from person to person. As far as I’m concerned, online education brings more benefits than harms to us. The biggest advantage of online education is the accessibility, which means students can have access to their learning materials whenever and wherever they like. Secondly, it is convenient for students to obtain knowledge by online education, which can save students lots of time spending on travelling between home and school. Finally, online learning makes individualized learning possible. For instance, students may be able to listen to prerecorded lectures, view lecture notes on-screen or print them out on paper, depending on their personal preferences. In the end, although online learning may be a challenge to those who are easily distracted because of lack of self-discipline and self-control, online education is a useful and important supplement to traditional teaching and it can provide learners with flexible and versatile ways of learning. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ Unit 4 Words单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. First published on October 15, 1952, “Charlotte’s Web” is a popular children’s book written by well-known American author E. B．White and 1 （illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes of the nature of friendship, loss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The story centers on a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship 2 shares with an uncommonly talented spider named Charlotte. While it’s normal in the course of events on a farm for pigs 3 （kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charlotte works out a scheme to keep Wilbur from his fate by weaving words into her web to create what amounts to a one-pig publicity campaign. By promoting Wilbur to celebrity status, Charlotte ultimately saves him 4 his date with the butcher’s knife. The ending of the “Charlotte’s Web” is bittersweet, however, 5 while Wilbur survives, Charlotte does not. But even Charlotte’s passing is a lesson-for Wilbur and those reading his story-about the nature of death and renewal. Death and destiny are both themes that the book explores. While Charlotte is willing to help Wilbur avoid a destiny that’s being imposed on him by outside forces beyond his control, she also understands that some fates are inevitable: All living creatures are born, 6 （have）a life cycle, and die. Charlotte accepts her role in this natural circle without regret. Charlotte helps Wilbur realize that immortality is not about living forever, but rather, 7 （ensure）that new generations will follow. She also helps him understand that love and friendship are not fixed in quantity. While we may lose a friend, new friendships can come along, not as replacements for 8 we’ve lost, but as blessings to build on what we’ve learned. “Charlotte’s Web” got its inspiration from true experiences that author E. B．White had on his farm in Maine, 9 he penned the book and lived until his death in 1985．While the author claims that the book 10 never be considered a moral tale, certain messages related to moral principles, or rights and wrongs, are obviously established in “Charlotte’s Web”. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.   A．sense  B．dominate  C． ignore  D．emotional  E. trends  F. combined  G. motivation  H. bonding  I. associated  J. grateful  K. feature   Remember when ... Do you ever find yourself looking back on earlier times, remembering happy moments from the past? Nostalgia, the feeling 11 with remembering happiness in the past, is often described as bittersweet. It is bitter because you long for things that are no more but sweet as you enjoy remembering your past happiness. Some psychologists even distinguish positive nostalgia from negative nostalgia, depending on whether happy emotions or sad ones 12 a person’s experience.   In today’s culture, expressions of nostalgia are becoming common. People share old social media posts remembering the good old days. They buy products made years ago from secondhand stores and enjoy media that reminds them of their childhoods. Taking note of these 13 companies are offering products like those of earlier decades. Social media platforms offer filters that can make pictures look like old photographs. Some restaurants are even putting together menus that 14 some dishes from the 1970s. And the fact that people are buying all these products shows that those people want to experience nostalgia.   This desire for nostalgia makes a lot of 15 because this feeling has psychological benefits. It can improve a person’s mood and self-esteem (自我价值感), sometimes helping people handle difficult transitions in life. It can also help people connect with others as they share memories.   But nostalgia can also lead to 16 problems. Focusing on the past can make people less satisfied with the present and make it harder to find 17 to improve their current situation. Nostalgia can also lead people to view earlier stages of life with rose-colored glasses. They may forget about or 18 past hardships, thinking only about the positive side of things.   How can you find a balance, remembering the past without letting it interfere with the present? Start by making a conscious effort to recognize and be 19 for the positives in your current situation. While remembering the past, focus on lessons you’ve learned and ways you’ve grown and changed over the years. And share these memories with others to deepen relationships by learning more about each other or 20 over shared experiences.   Nostalgia can bring many benefits to individuals and to communities, but we all must remain cautious of its potential downsides. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. No, You Don’t Get an A Just for Effort After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in the book from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new complaint: “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” High marks are for 21 , not grit (硬扛，死磕). In the past, students understood that hard work was not sufficient; an A required great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the quantity of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In surveys, two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for 22 at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a(n) 23 about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck published groundbreaking experiments that changed how many parents and teachers talk to kids. Praising kids for their abilities 24 their resilience (韧劲), making them more likely to give up when they encountered setbacks. To persist and learn in the face of challenges, kids needed to believe that abilities and skills are 25 , and the best way to nurture this growth mindset was to shift from praising intelligence to effort. This idea quickly made its way into viral articles, best-selling books and popular TED talks. Psychologists have long found that rewarding effort cultivates a strong work ethic and reinforces learning. That’s especially 26 for students who weren’t born into comfort or don’t have a record of achievement. 27 , the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work. We are treating it as an end in itself. We’ve taught a generation of kids that their worth is defined 28 by their work ethic. That does great harm to the students. One study found that if there wasn’t a time limit, the higher people scored on their own 29 , the more likely they were to stick to a task they will never accomplish. This is what worries me most about valuing perseverance above all else: It can motivate people to stick with a bad 30 instead of developing better ones. With students, a textbook example is pulling all-nighters rather than spacing out their studying over a few days. Teachers and parents owe kids a more 31 message. There’s a reason we award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest. Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式). Ability, opportunity and luck 32 , too. The ideal 33 to a disappointing grade is not to complain that your diligence wasn’t rewarded. It’s to ask how you could make your investment 34 better. Trying harder isn’t always the answer. Sometimes it’s working smarter, and other times it’s working on something else altogether. Every teacher should support students to succeed. In my classes, I make it clear that my goal is to give as many A’s as possible. But they’re earned through mastering all. The true 35 of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 21．A．industriousness B．engagement C．morality D．excellence 22．A．doing well B．showing up C．nodding off D．burning out 23．A．misunderstanding B．stretching C．extinction D．emergence 24．A．creates B．restores C．stocks D．hurts 25．A．intangible B．attainable C．preservable D．valuable 26．A．fearful B．sentimental C．dreary D．important 27．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides 28．A．barely B．initially C．primarily D．proportionately 29．A．grit B．education C．adaptability D．intellect 30．A．tendency B．strategy C．motive D．criterion 31．A．balanced B．universal C．motivational D．random 32．A．vary B．arise C．count D．interfere 33．A．switch B．response C．obstacle D．access 34．A．run out B．drop in C．catch on D．pay off 35．A．measurement B．significance C．theory D．reward Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A On a winter evening in a warm, clean, and softly lit room in Sanyuanqiao, Beijing, 29-year-old sound therapist Hu Chong played various instruments. Around 10 participants, either lying down or sitting, followed her guidance to experience the delicate sensations that sound can bring to the body and mind. As Hu struck a singing bowl and slowly rubbed its border, the delicate tones crept into the participants’ ears and “massaged” (按摩) their heads. She then gently tilted  (倾斜) the ocean drum and stream drum, letting hundreds of tiny beads roll inside, like waves crashing on the shore and the sound of flowing water. Finally came the gong (锣). With each strike, deep and powerful sound waves enveloped the entire space, guiding everyone toward deep relaxation and healing. This practice, known as “sound healing”, has become increasingly popular. Every weekend, similar sessions are held in yoga studios, sound therapy centers, tea rooms, and other leisure spaces across cities nationwide. Although most participants are young women, Hu has noticed a growing number of men attending these sessions in recent years. Despite their diverse backgrounds, participants share a common experience: the burden of significant stress from work or life. “Sound healing has been popular in Western societies for decades,” Hu explained. “Now that our material lives have improved, more and more people are seeking spiritual fulfillment.” According to her, attending a sound healing session is like pressing pause on the outside world and entering a space where you can be fully present with yourself. “This can facilitate self-healing,” Hu said. “At every session, we take a moment to express gratitude to ourselves for making time for our own well-being, which is something to be thankful for.” Luo Dandan, 31, from Hefei, Anhui province, was among the participants that evening. For several years, she has maintained a daily habit of practicing yoga for an hour. However, after attending sound healing sessions, she discovered the unique impact that sound could have on her. “Yoga is primarily about physical relaxation, whereas sound healing allows me to mentally and spiritually reconnect with myself,” she explained. 36．In the process of the “sound healing” mentioned in the passage, the therapist took the following steps except ______. A．hitting a singing bowl and gently touch its border B．sliding into the listeners’ ears and massage their heads C．tilting the drums so that beads inside start rolling D．striking the gong, leading participants to deep relaxation 37．Why does “sound healing” become increasingly popular nowadays? A．Because yoga studios, sound therapy centers and other leisure spaces are popular. B．Because besides women, a growing number of men are attending these sessions. C．Because it has proved effective with its popularity in Western societies for decades. D．Because with improved material lives, more people are looking for spiritual fulfillment. 38．Which of the following is not the benefit of sound healing according to the passage? A．It can facilitate self-healing. B．It can promote physical relaxation. C．It can help mental re-connection with oneself. D．It can help relieve stress from work or life. 39．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Healing Through Sound B．Selves Set Free C．Escape from Stress D．Instruments’ Impact on Us Learning English Video Project 1. Encounters in the UK (17 minutes)Watch  Comments Encounters in the UK is the first film in this documentary mini-series. It tells the story of four girls from different countries who travel to Cambridge in England to study English and stay with local families in what is called a “homestay” arrangement. For the four girls the homestay arrangement is a positive experience. As one of the homestay hosts explains: “It’s going to be a great experience, not only in terms of learning English, but in learning about life.” Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 2. Insights from China (18 minutes)Watch  Comments Never say die Based in the busy, cosmopolitan city of Shanghai, Daniel Emmerson’s latest film Insights from China takes us inside the worlds of English language learning and teaching and the airline industry in China. “Insights from China” focuses largely on the staff and management of a Chinese airline company that has recently committed to learning English. Spring Airlines is the first low-cost airline in China. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 3. Stories from Morocco (16 minutes)Watch  Comments Set in Casablanca, Morocco, this film features footage and interviews focusing on key questions such as “Why are people learning English?” and “What tips and advice can learners offer?” Staff and learners discuss the advantages and challenges of English language learning in Morocco. Interviewees touch on a variety of topics including British vs. American accents, multi-level classrooms, and the similarities of English to French and Spanish. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 4. Thoughts from Brazil (17 minutes)Watch  Comments Like Insights from China, Thoughts from Brazil also looks at modern trends in learning English, especially for children and teens. It will be of particular interest to all those who long for a learning experience that is more interactive and communicative. Teens and young adults will find new ideas for combining personal interests such as music, gaming and social media with self-study. As Daniel Emmerson talks to learners and teachers of English in Sao Paulo, Brazil, he discovers that many of them have found for themselves the principle of learning by doing and have readily adapted it to the Internet era. Watch with Subtitles  Watch without Subtitles Comments 40．From the passage we can conclude that “Learning English Video Project” is most probably______. A．an online course focusing on language and culture B．audio documents on language learning C．a series of English learning video programs D．a set of films on English-speaking countries 41．If someone is interested in the comparison between English and other languages, he might be interested to watch __________. A．Encounters in the UK B．Stories from Morocco C．Thoughts from Brazil D．Insights from China 42．What can we know about English learning in Sao Paulo, Brazil? A．Classroom teaching is more interactive and communicative. B．Homestay arrangement provides positive experience for learners. C．The Internet and games plays a major role in language learning. D．The principle of learning by doing is widely accepted by learners. C There exists a certain human experience that goes beyond cultures and generations— the sudden shake that runs down your spine (脊柱) when a violin reaches its highest note, or when singers’ harmony resolves perfectly. These musical chills, electrifying feelings triggered by emotionally powerful music, sometimes accompanied by visible goosebumps, represent one of the most fascinating blends between art and neurology. Recent advances in brain imaging have transformed our understanding of this phenomenon, revealing it to be a complex neurological event involving multiple brain regions. The process begins with pattern recognition in the auditory cortex (听觉皮层) , which constantly predicts where a musical phrase will lead. When a composer breaks these expectations on purpose—through an unexpected key change, or a delay in resolution— it creates what neuroscientists call “prediction error.” This surprise element triggers the nucleus accumbens (伏隔核) , the brain’s pleasure center associated with reward processing. Within milliseconds, the area releases dopamine, the same neurotransmitter involved in the pleasures of eating chocolate or falling in love. Studies show this neural activity pattern is nearly identical to that seen during other peak emotional experiences. Individual differences in musical chills provide important clues. Only about half the population reports frequent musical chills, and brain scans reveal why. These individuals possess stronger white matter connections between the auditory cortex and two key regions: one processing bodily awareness and the other involved in emotional evaluation. This enhanced neural connection creates the ability to experience more delicate emotional responses to music. The evolutionary origins of this response may come before humanity itself. Charles Darwin first noted that music shares characteristics with animal distress calls and mating songs. The physiological markers of musical chills— including goosebumps and changes in heart rate— mirror ancient fear and excitement responses. Some theorists suggest music developed as an early language that promoted social unity, with chill responses reinforcing group bonding through shared emotional peaks. Modern medicine has begun using this knowledge. Neurologists now use musical chill tests to assess lack of emotional response in depression patients, as reduced chill response connects with an inability to feel pleasure. Music therapists working with Alzheimer’s patients have documented cases where chill-arousing songs temporarily restore access to lost memories, likely through activation of the region relatively spared in early dementia (痴呆症) . The next time you feel that familiar shake during a favorite song, recognize it for what it truly is. In those chilling notes lies evidence of our incredible neural complexity, our ancient evolutionary past, and our enduring capacity for amazing experience. 43．What triggers the “prediction error” in Paragraph 2? A．The release of dopamine from the same neurotransmitter area. B．A composer’s intentional breaking of listeners’ musical expectations. C．The similarity between musical chills and other emotional experiences. D．The auditory cortex’s failure to recognize the familiar musical patterns. 44．What can we know about the evolutionary fact of musical chills? A．They were developed to distinguish between fear and excitement responses. B．They played a role in promoting social connection among early human groups. C．Their origin lay in the same biological mechanism as animal mating behaviors. D．Their physical indicators like goosebumps fade away in the process of evolution. 45．From the case of Alzheimer’s patients, we can infer that _________. A．chill-arousing music is the more effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease B．all dementia patients can fully recover lost memories through musical chills C．emotional distress in depression is caused by weakened musical chill responses D．modern medicine has begun to apply the effect of musical chills to curing diseases 46．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Only music with specific notes can trigger the neural activity of chills. B．The experience of musical chills reflects multiple aspects of human nature. C．Musical chills are the most direct way to study the human brain’s complexity. D．The ability to feel musical chills is unique to humans compared with other species. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Reduce Screen Time and Focus on Studying In today’s digital age, where screens dominate both education and entertainment, managing screen time has become an essential skill for students. While we can’t avoid using devices completely, learning to manage our screen time can lead to better focus, improved health, and greater academic achievements. A good way to start is by using the screen time tracker already on your phone or computer. 47 It can encourage you to transition to offline activities once your time is up. To further minimize distractions, keeping your phone away when you’re studying also helps. Try making your desk or bedroom a phone-free area. Studies show that just seeing your phone can make it harder to concentrate, so putting it in another room while you study is a smart move. For those needing extra motivation, focus apps offer a creative solution. These tools, like Forest, gamify the process of staying offline. For example, you grow a virtual tree that stays alive only if you don’t use your phone. You can also try studying in short blocks, like 25 minutes at a time with 5-minute breaks in between. 48 It is called the Pomodoro Technique, a structured method for developing deep work habits, managing energy, and defeating digital distractions. 49 Writing by hand has been shown to help you remember things better than typing. Additionally, you might also want to set aside time each day to study without any screens at all. Even one hour can make a difference. Remember, the goal isn’t to stop using technology completely. 50 By trying these simple ideas, you can take back your time, focus better on your work, and feel more in control of your day. A．Setting daily limits for distracting apps creates a clear boundary. B．It also helps you become more aware of where your time is going. C．Turning off messages during this session can further reduce temptation. D．It’s about finding a good balance so that screens don’t control your life. E．Beyond digital tools, embracing physical study materials provides substantial benefits. F．This method helps your brain stay fresh and makes it easier to remember what you’re learning. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Wish You Were More Creative? Just Pretend! One great irony about our collective interest in creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we’re “creative” or we aren’t, without much of a middle ground. “I’m just not a creative person!” a frustrated student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for her difficulties in math, concluding with a comment such as, “I’m very right-brained.” Dr. Pillay, an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent a great part of his career correcting these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to forget the advice that urges you to “believe in yourself”. In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else. Dr. Pillay points to a 2016 study demonstrating the impact of stereotypes (刻板印象) on one’s behavior. The authors, educational psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided the college student subjects into three groups, instructing the members of one to think of themselves as “weird poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “strict librarians” (the third group was the control). The researchers then presented all the participants with ten ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as weird poets came up with the widest range of ideas, while those in the strict-librarian group had the fewest. Meanwhile the researchers found only small differences in students’ creativity levels across academic majors. In fact, the physics majors imagining themselves as poets came up with more ideas than the art majors did. These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual feature but a “product of context and perspective”. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person. Dr. Pillay’s work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. Unfortunately, those ideas often get drowned out because most of us spend way too much time worrying, and about two things in particular: how successful/unsuccessful we are and how little we’re focusing on the task at hand. These twin worries feed on each other an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe — and so we don’t allow our minds to wander into its quietly fertile fields. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．校门口，妈妈往她包里塞了一副手套和一条羊毛围巾。(pack) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 53．这款基于中国古典小说的游戏让许多外国玩家感受到了东方魅力。（expose）（汉译英） _______________________________________________ 54．这位工程师将心血倾注于芯片研发，不断攻坚克难，赢得了“时代楷模”的美名。(invest) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 55．在失重的环境中，吃饭喝水皆非易事，但中国人对吃的挚爱让我们的宇航员在空间站里成功吃上了烧烤盛宴。(so...that...) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着科技的发展和互联网的普及，网络教学得到了越来越多的推广。对此，人们有不同的看法。请你写一篇120—150词的作文，表达你对网络教学的看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $