Unit 3 Mind and body（单元自测·提升卷）英语沪教版选择性必修第三册

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ Unit 3 Mind and body单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Friends for Weather Both Fair and Foul I love meeting new people. Over the last year, to develop my video media production company, I 1 (interview) and talked with people from all walks of life, from restaurant owners to coffee roasters, to music event organizers. All of these new, mutually beneficial connections have helped to expand my company’s foothold in Shanghai. These relationships, built upon a bedrock of shared benefit, are often referred to 2 “fair-weather” friendships. And they are not unique to the world of business. Similar patterns can be seen in how teenagers today form their social connections in online, digital spaces. They make friends with 3 who share their interests, experiences and hobbies. These relationships can create a sense of belonging and be formative to their social development. But for teenagers, it is important 4 (recognize) the inherent (固有的) limitations of these online connections. These bonds often don’t extend beyond the pleasure or advantage 5 (share) between individuals. As such, they are often quick to end once mutual benefit has disappeared. And 6 they can be used to supplement (补充) one’s social life, they shouldn’t be used as a replacement for offline relationships. Real-life interactions are crucial for developing real social skills and emotional connections. In fact, students can find similar “fair-weather” friendships in 7 (traditional), offline settings like schools. Years ago, I had the honor of teaching some of the brightest students at Shanghai Jincai High School. They were ambitious and determined to do their very best despite the exhausting cycle of their studies. Under heavy pressure, each classroom became a small community, 8 students supported one another through mutual help and encouragement. Though these relationships may fade after graduation, they are beneficial to the students while they exist. Some of them may even deepen over time, 9 (last) through college and into professional life. To better understand the nature of these relationships, we can look to the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, who famously classified friendship into three distinct types: pleasure-based, utility-based, and virtue-based. The first two, based on mutual benefit and advantage, align with what we see as “fair-weather” friendships. The third, which is rare, could be regarded as friendship in the truest sense of the term. You can count upon such friends to see you through not just the “sunniest” periods of your life, 10 the darkest storms. Though each type can foster our growth, only this last one proves indispensable: a true friend is the hand that holds the umbrella when the rain beats hardest. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．ground       B．friction       C． load       D．collective      E. massive      F. preserving     G. attach         H. illustrating      I. dimensions     J. justify        K. permanent Stolen History: The Battle to Bring China’s Treasures Home The illegal trade of Chinese cultural artifacts (文物) has grown into a worldwide issue, showing how challenging it is to protect historical treasures in our modern age. Recent reports reveal shocking truths-ancient bronze tools from the Shang Dynasty and delicately made Tang Dynasty pottery figures keep disappearing from Chinese museums and dig sites. Many later emerge in major overseas auction houses, selling for millions while China struggles to get them back. UNESCO estimates more than 10 million Chinese relics remain abroad, with fewer than 1 in 10 ever returning — a/an 11 loss of cultural heritage. Some foreign collectors try to 12 keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care. This claim has no ethical 13 because it ignores history — countless artifacts were stolen during foreign invasions between 1840-1949. To Chinese people, these relics aren’t just objects; we 14 our 15 memory to them. A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals. Growing 16 complicates recovery efforts. Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. Meanwhile, Chinese experts carry the heavy 17 of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations. The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues (十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments, perfectly 18 these challenges. This issue has multiple 19 — it’s about law, history, and national pride. While recent successes like the 2019 return of a stolen eighth-century Buddhist mural (佛教壁画) bring hope, much work remains. Global cooperation and stricter art trade rules are essential. Protecting cultural heritage isn’t just China’s responsibility — it’s about 20 humanity’s shared story for generations to come. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In European terms, it’s barely a baby — but Boston is one of the oldest cities in the US. It has gnarled streets, a slow, rumbly subway and red-brick buildings that date back to the revolution. But behind the history is a modern approach to city management that’s making life easier for its citizens — and it’s all thanks to 21 . Earlier this week, Uber, a successful car-booking platform, announced that it would 22 its data with Boston, making it the first city in the US to receive data from the firm. Starting in two weeks, then updated every quarter, Boston will get zip codes in which Uber rides begin and end, the timing of rides and the distance travelled. Jascha Franklin-Hodge, the city’s chief information officer, says Uber’s data will help his team assess the impact of city development on residential 23 , measuring commute (通勤) and travel times between different neighbourhoods. The Uber data set will 24 a wide range of others in Boston’s store. Like cities around the world, it has collected data from its public transport system, cellphones and taxi records to quietly transform and 25 itself. For example, it is already using data from the public transport system to understand the impact removing an overpass in south Boston is having on local residents. “Cities have used data forever really,” says Alan Wiig of Temple University in Philadelphia. “What’s 26 now, what this announcement signifies, is the speeding up of how quickly cities can use data.” Other cities are also seeing the advantage in pooling data to make life 27 for residents, says John Polak of Imperial College London. 28 , data from London’s transport system helped the city prepare for the arrival of the large number of visitors during the 2012 Olympics. 29 solutions can make residents’ lives easier, but they can also give managers new insights (洞察) into their cities. Chris Osgood of the Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics in Boston says wiring 320 downtown parking spots with occupancy sensors   30 not just by letting drivers find open spots through an app called Parking but by helping the city managers see where they needed to change their policies. Osgood and his team 31 a number of spaces that were constantly occupied, and reduced their maximum occupancy time from 4 hours to 2 hours. Other spots were underused, and had their maximum times bumped up 32 . “We have trash cans throughout the city that are 33 sensors,” Franklin-Hodge says. “They can inform us in real time when they are getting full. As we analyse that data over time, it lets us 34 where to put resources to collect trash.” Franklin-Hodge says he expects more private companies to join Uber. “The city can’t just look inwards at its own databases,” he says. “It has to recognise that consumer services are generating (生成) data that’s valuable to us. The Uber 35 is the tip of the iceberg.” 21．A．app B．companies C．data D．advances 22．A．assist B．provide C．impress D．share 23．A．community B．mobility C．landscape D．quality 24．A．enhance B．assess C．collect D．join 25．A．create B．locate C．improve D．control 26．A．new B．good C．wrong D．old 27．A．smoother B．tougher C．quicker D．slower 28．A．In addition B．For example C．As a result D．On the contrary 29．A．Traditional B．General C．Potential D．Technological 30．A．took on B．put aside C．made up D．paid off 31．A．cancelled B．identified C．emptied D．enlarged 32．A．accordingly B．distinctively C．sensitively D．analytically 33．A．equipped with B．devoted to C．occupied by D．involved in 34．A．remember B．ignore C．plan D．ask 35．A．service B．agreement C．advantage D．requirement Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, as their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates art that could not have been imagined by the programmer. Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? ‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’ To some extent, we are all familiar with computerized art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London’s Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’ Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their color palette-so why should computers be any different? 36．What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph? A．People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably. B．A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. C．They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others. D．The advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be. 37．According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art? A．It is aesthetically inferior to human art. B．It may ultimately supersede human art. C．It undermines a fundamental human quality. D．It will lead to a deterioration in human ability. 38．What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool? A．Its programmer’s background. B．Public response to its work. C．The source of its subject matter. D．The technical standard of its output. 39．What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph? A．Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic. B．The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art. C．It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being. D．People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria. B Beijing is hardly alone in its air pollution problems. The world Health Organization has said that roughly half of the world’s urban population is exposed to pollution at least 2.5 times higher than it recommends. While it may take years to fix this global problem, innovative minds in the Asia region have come up with creative solutions for living with air pollution. DIY Purifier Thomas Talhelm started worrying about the air inside his Beijing home during “airpocalypse” in 2013 when Beijing’s air quality index skyrocketed to a terrifying 755. The scholar couldn’t afford the luxury of an expensive air purifier. “Fillers are actually very simple— a high efficient filter is all you need to get over 96% of the PM2.5,” he said. With three of his friends, Talhelm created Smart Air, an air purifier consisting of a basic household fan with a high efficient filter attached to it. It works as efficiently as the big brands selling for thousands of dollars, removing more than 90 percent of PM 2.5 in your room, according to Talhelm’s research. Invisible Mask Infipure’s “nose mask” claims to cut 99% of PM2.5 without the trouble of a surgical face mask. The filters, made from special materials, are inserted into your nose and aim to be undetectable. “People care about their health, but don’t want all the downsides that come with a traditional face mask.” Infipure co-founder Francis Law explained. Plant Backpack Taiwanese artist Chui Chih has designed a survival device for an apocalyptic world. Named Voyage on the Planet, a potted plant is housed inside a clear backpack hooked up to two tubes to bring fresh to a face mask. It’s a bold, abstract idea from an oxygen tank. Smog Vacuum Daan Roosegaarde has been working on a smog vacuum that will suck pollutants from the sky to the ground like a vacuum, making way for clean air. A byproduct of this smog vacuum, namely The Smog Free Tower, is the “smog ring”—a piece of jewelry made from smog particulates. “The pollution we suck up, the small particulates, we don’t throw them away. We put them under pressure for a couple of weeks and they crystallize, creating something like a diamond,” Roosegaardc explains. 40．Thomas Talhelm invented Smart Air for all the following reasons except ________. A．the high price of the big brands B．the help from three of his friends C．the poor quality of the indoor air D．the simple principle behind the device 41．If someone wants to travel around in those polluted days, which product will he most probably choose for the sake of convenience? A．Smart Air. B．Infipure’s nose mask. C．Voyage on the Planet. D．The Smog Free Tower. 42．In which solution the inventor also makes use of the dust collected from the polluted air? A．DIY Purifier. B．Invisible Mask. C．Plant Backpack. D．Smog Vacuum. C Surgical students are less capable than their ancestors because they spend too much time with screens and not enough with physical materials. These claims from Roger Kneebone, professor of surgical education at Imperial College London, were widely reported last week. According to Kneebone, today’s students lack the dexterity that is important for sewing, cutting and stitching. He argues that this is because, instead of taking part in creative subjects that involve manual work during their school education, “a lot of things are reduced to swiping on a two-dimensional flat screen”. There hasn’t been much research into the effects of smartphones on surgical skills. However, one 2012 study found no statistically significant change in digital dexterity among frequent smartphone users, and it did find a significant improvement in reaction time. If anything, says Pete Etchells, a psychologist at Bath Spa University, UK, the use of digital technology of any kind — rather than smartphones specifically — is linked with a higher level of surgical skill. One 2007 study, for example, found that young surgeons who played a lot of video games made fewer errors in surgery and worked faster than those who didn’t. A randomized, controlled trial in 2012 found that surgery simulators(模拟) were less effective at training surgeons than just letting them play on games consoles. These were small studies that merely found modest effects, warns Etchells, but they don’t paint a picture of digital technology damaging the core skills of surgery. More broadly, says Andrew Przybylski of the Oxford Internet Institute, UK, Kneebone’s concerns and the resulting coverage are part of a wider reaction to the role of technology in our lives. Around a decade ago, we anticipated that digital experiences could lead to improvements in various kinds of real-world competence, such as brain-training games enhancing cognitive performance or video games boosting surgical dexterity. “As those hopes haven’t materialized, we rightly feel disappointed,” says Przybylski. There is also a society-wide fear about new technologies, which is often unfounded. Przybylski’s own work has found that, contrary to widespread concern around technology and young people, screen time seems to have a small, positive effect on teenagers in all but the most extreme of cases. “Collective anxiety about the role of smartphones, and social media companies, fuel this sort of fear of technology,” he says. Ultimately, Kneebone may turn out to be right that the decline in crafts and handiwork at school is reducing the quality of the surgical student intake. But there seems little evidence of it yet. In fact, it is probably a positive thing that our youngest surgeons are digitally literate. In the very near future, a surgeon’s ability to interact with technology — be that surgical robots or augmented reality — will become increasingly important. 43．What does the underlined word dexterity mean? A．Power of concentration. B．Experience of performing surgery. C．Capacity to use words or mind. D．Skills related to hand work. 44．What can we learn from the studies mentioned in Paragraph 3 and 4? A．People are confident that video games will boost cognitive performance. B．Surgeons won’t be less skillful when exposed to digital technology. C．Digital applications except smartphones strengthen surgical skills. D．Most surgeons are modest about their improved working efficiency. 45．The perceived decline of medical students’ surgical competence is due to___________. A．people’s fear about technology that is backed up by scientific evidence B．people’s failure to see the positive effects of digital technology emerge C．the increased time teenagers spent using smartphones and social media D．the decreased access to handiwork and crafts required in medical school 46．Which of the following may serve as the best title for this passage? A．Surgical Skills, Need Enhancing? B．Digital Devices, Enhance Reaction Time? C．Surgeons, Be Trained as Digital Natives? D．Screen Time, Bad for Young Surgeons? Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. In so many ways, cyberspace (网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love. Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. 47 So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. Usually, this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems. Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests? 48 They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably. Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way. But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. 49 All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. 50 This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person. So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.” A．Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. B．In a sense, they’re not really themselves. C．With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. D．But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. E．The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way. F．However,online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Benefits of Being Bilingual At one time being bilingual was thought to slow down brain development, although it is now known to have many benefits. Aside from professional and social benefits, studies show that the process of learning a second language actually strengthens some areas of the brain. To start off with, a study done at the University of British Columbia shows that babies exposed to two languages before birth don’t confuse the languages. Moreover, it showed that the effort it takes to keep the languages separate improves perception. The benefits aren’t only for people who grow up bilingual, however. Anyone who learns a second language during their lifetime will have certain advantages. For one, Swedish scientists found that the brain grows during language learning, particularly the area where memories are created. Not only does the brain grow, but language learners also improve in many areas. They are good at multitasking while paying detailed attention to each task. Additionally they strengthen their math skills, listening skills, ability to focus, problem-solving skills, reading and vocabulary in their native language, and their memory increases. In the area of math, a study done at the University of Washington shows that bilinguals solve new math problems half a second faster than monolinguals. Language learning also has huge benefits for old age. Brian Gold of the University of Kentucky did a study comparing the ability of bilingual seniors and monolingual seniors to do an attention-switching task. Usually this skill fails with age. However the bilingual seniors performed better than the monolinguals, and their brains worked less hard and more efficiently. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) think that having more brainpower at an older age helps protect us from Alzheimer’s. Current medication for Alzheimer’s only delays it for 6-12 months, while learning a new language delays it for 4-5 years. Again, this is not only for people who learn a second language from birth. Even if you don’t learn another language until after middle age it helps. Language learning keeps your brain active and “fit”. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．他的不负责行为给我们的团队合作造成了严重挑战。 (pose) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 53．当你不知如何使用微波炉时请参考用户手册。 (refer) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 54．无论是对宇宙奥秘的渴望，还是对深海未知生物的好奇，人类从未停止过挑战自然边界。 (desire) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 55．正是这种对文化遗产的坚守，让这个社区在现代化浪潮中依然保留着传统建筑，甚至吸引了全球科学家的关注。（It）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 5月12日是全国防灾减灾日（National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day）, 每年学校都会组织疏散演练（evacuation drill）, 但是大部分学生对此不够重视, 参与度不高。为完善现有活动, 学校正在向全体同学征集建议。假设你是该校的学生李明, 请你写一封信给学校, 信中需包括: 1. 简述疏散演练中的2点不足之处; 2. 提供相应的完善建议, 并分析其预计效果。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Mind and body单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Friends for Weather Both Fair and Foul I love meeting new people. Over the last year, to develop my video media production company, I 1 (interview) and talked with people from all walks of life, from restaurant owners to coffee roasters, to music event organizers. All of these new, mutually beneficial connections have helped to expand my company’s foothold in Shanghai. These relationships, built upon a bedrock of shared benefit, are often referred to 2 “fair-weather” friendships. And they are not unique to the world of business. Similar patterns can be seen in how teenagers today form their social connections in online, digital spaces. They make friends with 3 who share their interests, experiences and hobbies. These relationships can create a sense of belonging and be formative to their social development. But for teenagers, it is important 4 (recognize) the inherent (固有的) limitations of these online connections. These bonds often don’t extend beyond the pleasure or advantage 5 (share) between individuals. As such, they are often quick to end once mutual benefit has disappeared. And 6 they can be used to supplement (补充) one’s social life, they shouldn’t be used as a replacement for offline relationships. Real-life interactions are crucial for developing real social skills and emotional connections. In fact, students can find similar “fair-weather” friendships in 7 (traditional), offline settings like schools. Years ago, I had the honor of teaching some of the brightest students at Shanghai Jincai High School. They were ambitious and determined to do their very best despite the exhausting cycle of their studies. Under heavy pressure, each classroom became a small community, 8 students supported one another through mutual help and encouragement. Though these relationships may fade after graduation, they are beneficial to the students while they exist. Some of them may even deepen over time, 9 (last) through college and into professional life. To better understand the nature of these relationships, we can look to the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, who famously classified friendship into three distinct types: pleasure-based, utility-based, and virtue-based. The first two, based on mutual benefit and advantage, align with what we see as “fair-weather” friendships. The third, which is rare, could be regarded as friendship in the truest sense of the term. You can count upon such friends to see you through not just the “sunniest” periods of your life, 10 the darkest storms. Though each type can foster our growth, only this last one proves indispensable: a true friend is the hand that holds the umbrella when the rain beats hardest. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．ground       B．friction       C． load       D．collective      E. massive      F. preserving     G. attach         H. illustrating      I. dimensions     J. justify        K. permanent Stolen History: The Battle to Bring China’s Treasures Home The illegal trade of Chinese cultural artifacts (文物) has grown into a worldwide issue, showing how challenging it is to protect historical treasures in our modern age. Recent reports reveal shocking truths-ancient bronze tools from the Shang Dynasty and delicately made Tang Dynasty pottery figures keep disappearing from Chinese museums and dig sites. Many later emerge in major overseas auction houses, selling for millions while China struggles to get them back. UNESCO estimates more than 10 million Chinese relics remain abroad, with fewer than 1 in 10 ever returning — a/an 11 loss of cultural heritage. Some foreign collectors try to 12 keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care. This claim has no ethical 13 because it ignores history — countless artifacts were stolen during foreign invasions between 1840-1949. To Chinese people, these relics aren’t just objects; we 14 our 15 memory to them. A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals. Growing 16 complicates recovery efforts. Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. Meanwhile, Chinese experts carry the heavy 17 of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations. The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues (十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments, perfectly 18 these challenges. This issue has multiple 19 — it’s about law, history, and national pride. While recent successes like the 2019 return of a stolen eighth-century Buddhist mural (佛教壁画) bring hope, much work remains. Global cooperation and stricter art trade rules are essential. Protecting cultural heritage isn’t just China’s responsibility — it’s about 20 humanity’s shared story for generations to come. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In European terms, it’s barely a baby — but Boston is one of the oldest cities in the US. It has gnarled streets, a slow, rumbly subway and red-brick buildings that date back to the revolution. But behind the history is a modern approach to city management that’s making life easier for its citizens — and it’s all thanks to 21 . Earlier this week, Uber, a successful car-booking platform, announced that it would 22 its data with Boston, making it the first city in the US to receive data from the firm. Starting in two weeks, then updated every quarter, Boston will get zip codes in which Uber rides begin and end, the timing of rides and the distance travelled. Jascha Franklin-Hodge, the city’s chief information officer, says Uber’s data will help his team assess the impact of city development on residential 23 , measuring commute (通勤) and travel times between different neighbourhoods. The Uber data set will 24 a wide range of others in Boston’s store. Like cities around the world, it has collected data from its public transport system, cellphones and taxi records to quietly transform and 25 itself. For example, it is already using data from the public transport system to understand the impact removing an overpass in south Boston is having on local residents. “Cities have used data forever really,” says Alan Wiig of Temple University in Philadelphia. “What’s 26 now, what this announcement signifies, is the speeding up of how quickly cities can use data.” Other cities are also seeing the advantage in pooling data to make life 27 for residents, says John Polak of Imperial College London. 28 , data from London’s transport system helped the city prepare for the arrival of the large number of visitors during the 2012 Olympics. 29 solutions can make residents’ lives easier, but they can also give managers new insights (洞察) into their cities. Chris Osgood of the Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics in Boston says wiring 320 downtown parking spots with occupancy sensors   30 not just by letting drivers find open spots through an app called Parking but by helping the city managers see where they needed to change their policies. Osgood and his team 31 a number of spaces that were constantly occupied, and reduced their maximum occupancy time from 4 hours to 2 hours. Other spots were underused, and had their maximum times bumped up 32 . “We have trash cans throughout the city that are 33 sensors,” Franklin-Hodge says. “They can inform us in real time when they are getting full. As we analyse that data over time, it lets us 34 where to put resources to collect trash.” Franklin-Hodge says he expects more private companies to join Uber. “The city can’t just look inwards at its own databases,” he says. “It has to recognise that consumer services are generating (生成) data that’s valuable to us. The Uber 35 is the tip of the iceberg.” 21．A．app B．companies C．data D．advances 22．A．assist B．provide C．impress D．share 23．A．community B．mobility C．landscape D．quality 24．A．enhance B．assess C．collect D．join 25．A．create B．locate C．improve D．control 26．A．new B．good C．wrong D．old 27．A．smoother B．tougher C．quicker D．slower 28．A．In addition B．For example C．As a result D．On the contrary 29．A．Traditional B．General C．Potential D．Technological 30．A．took on B．put aside C．made up D．paid off 31．A．cancelled B．identified C．emptied D．enlarged 32．A．accordingly B．distinctively C．sensitively D．analytically 33．A．equipped with B．devoted to C．occupied by D．involved in 34．A．remember B．ignore C．plan D．ask 35．A．service B．agreement C．advantage D．requirement Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, as their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates art that could not have been imagined by the programmer. Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? ‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’ To some extent, we are all familiar with computerized art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London’s Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’ Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their color palette-so why should computers be any different? 36．What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph? A．People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably. B．A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. C．They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others. D．The advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be. 37．According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art? A．It is aesthetically inferior to human art. B．It may ultimately supersede human art. C．It undermines a fundamental human quality. D．It will lead to a deterioration in human ability. 38．What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool? A．Its programmer’s background. B．Public response to its work. C．The source of its subject matter. D．The technical standard of its output. 39．What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph? A．Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic. B．The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art. C．It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being. D．People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria. B Beijing is hardly alone in its air pollution problems. The world Health Organization has said that roughly half of the world’s urban population is exposed to pollution at least 2.5 times higher than it recommends. While it may take years to fix this global problem, innovative minds in the Asia region have come up with creative solutions for living with air pollution. DIY Purifier Thomas Talhelm started worrying about the air inside his Beijing home during “airpocalypse” in 2013 when Beijing’s air quality index skyrocketed to a terrifying 755. The scholar couldn’t afford the luxury of an expensive air purifier. “Fillers are actually very simple— a high efficient filter is all you need to get over 96% of the PM2.5,” he said. With three of his friends, Talhelm created Smart Air, an air purifier consisting of a basic household fan with a high efficient filter attached to it. It works as efficiently as the big brands selling for thousands of dollars, removing more than 90 percent of PM 2.5 in your room, according to Talhelm’s research. Invisible Mask Infipure’s “nose mask” claims to cut 99% of PM2.5 without the trouble of a surgical face mask. The filters, made from special materials, are inserted into your nose and aim to be undetectable. “People care about their health, but don’t want all the downsides that come with a traditional face mask.” Infipure co-founder Francis Law explained. Plant Backpack Taiwanese artist Chui Chih has designed a survival device for an apocalyptic world. Named Voyage on the Planet, a potted plant is housed inside a clear backpack hooked up to two tubes to bring fresh to a face mask. It’s a bold, abstract idea from an oxygen tank. Smog Vacuum Daan Roosegaarde has been working on a smog vacuum that will suck pollutants from the sky to the ground like a vacuum, making way for clean air. A byproduct of this smog vacuum, namely The Smog Free Tower, is the “smog ring”—a piece of jewelry made from smog particulates. “The pollution we suck up, the small particulates, we don’t throw them away. We put them under pressure for a couple of weeks and they crystallize, creating something like a diamond,” Roosegaardc explains. 40．Thomas Talhelm invented Smart Air for all the following reasons except ________. A．the high price of the big brands B．the help from three of his friends C．the poor quality of the indoor air D．the simple principle behind the device 41．If someone wants to travel around in those polluted days, which product will he most probably choose for the sake of convenience? A．Smart Air. B．Infipure’s nose mask. C．Voyage on the Planet. D．The Smog Free Tower. 42．In which solution the inventor also makes use of the dust collected from the polluted air? A．DIY Purifier. B．Invisible Mask. C．Plant Backpack. D．Smog Vacuum. C Surgical students are less capable than their ancestors because they spend too much time with screens and not enough with physical materials. These claims from Roger Kneebone, professor of surgical education at Imperial College London, were widely reported last week. According to Kneebone, today’s students lack the dexterity that is important for sewing, cutting and stitching. He argues that this is because, instead of taking part in creative subjects that involve manual work during their school education, “a lot of things are reduced to swiping on a two-dimensional flat screen”. There hasn’t been much research into the effects of smartphones on surgical skills. However, one 2012 study found no statistically significant change in digital dexterity among frequent smartphone users, and it did find a significant improvement in reaction time. If anything, says Pete Etchells, a psychologist at Bath Spa University, UK, the use of digital technology of any kind — rather than smartphones specifically — is linked with a higher level of surgical skill. One 2007 study, for example, found that young surgeons who played a lot of video games made fewer errors in surgery and worked faster than those who didn’t. A randomized, controlled trial in 2012 found that surgery simulators(模拟) were less effective at training surgeons than just letting them play on games consoles. These were small studies that merely found modest effects, warns Etchells, but they don’t paint a picture of digital technology damaging the core skills of surgery. More broadly, says Andrew Przybylski of the Oxford Internet Institute, UK, Kneebone’s concerns and the resulting coverage are part of a wider reaction to the role of technology in our lives. Around a decade ago, we anticipated that digital experiences could lead to improvements in various kinds of real-world competence, such as brain-training games enhancing cognitive performance or video games boosting surgical dexterity. “As those hopes haven’t materialized, we rightly feel disappointed,” says Przybylski. There is also a society-wide fear about new technologies, which is often unfounded. Przybylski’s own work has found that, contrary to widespread concern around technology and young people, screen time seems to have a small, positive effect on teenagers in all but the most extreme of cases. “Collective anxiety about the role of smartphones, and social media companies, fuel this sort of fear of technology,” he says. Ultimately, Kneebone may turn out to be right that the decline in crafts and handiwork at school is reducing the quality of the surgical student intake. But there seems little evidence of it yet. In fact, it is probably a positive thing that our youngest surgeons are digitally literate. In the very near future, a surgeon’s ability to interact with technology — be that surgical robots or augmented reality — will become increasingly important. 43．What does the underlined word dexterity mean? A．Power of concentration. B．Experience of performing surgery. C．Capacity to use words or mind. D．Skills related to hand work. 44．What can we learn from the studies mentioned in Paragraph 3 and 4? A．People are confident that video games will boost cognitive performance. B．Surgeons won’t be less skillful when exposed to digital technology. C．Digital applications except smartphones strengthen surgical skills. D．Most surgeons are modest about their improved working efficiency. 45．The perceived decline of medical students’ surgical competence is due to___________. A．people’s fear about technology that is backed up by scientific evidence B．people’s failure to see the positive effects of digital technology emerge C．the increased time teenagers spent using smartphones and social media D．the decreased access to handiwork and crafts required in medical school 46．Which of the following may serve as the best title for this passage? A．Surgical Skills, Need Enhancing? B．Digital Devices, Enhance Reaction Time? C．Surgeons, Be Trained as Digital Natives? D．Screen Time, Bad for Young Surgeons? Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. In so many ways, cyberspace (网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love. Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. 47 So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. Usually, this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems. Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests? 48 They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably. Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way. But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. 49 All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. 50 This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person. So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.” A．Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. B．In a sense, they’re not really themselves. C．With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. D．But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. E．The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way. F．However,online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Benefits of Being Bilingual At one time being bilingual was thought to slow down brain development, although it is now known to have many benefits. Aside from professional and social benefits, studies show that the process of learning a second language actually strengthens some areas of the brain. To start off with, a study done at the University of British Columbia shows that babies exposed to two languages before birth don’t confuse the languages. Moreover, it showed that the effort it takes to keep the languages separate improves perception. The benefits aren’t only for people who grow up bilingual, however. Anyone who learns a second language during their lifetime will have certain advantages. For one, Swedish scientists found that the brain grows during language learning, particularly the area where memories are created. Not only does the brain grow, but language learners also improve in many areas. They are good at multitasking while paying detailed attention to each task. Additionally they strengthen their math skills, listening skills, ability to focus, problem-solving skills, reading and vocabulary in their native language, and their memory increases. In the area of math, a study done at the University of Washington shows that bilinguals solve new math problems half a second faster than monolinguals. Language learning also has huge benefits for old age. Brian Gold of the University of Kentucky did a study comparing the ability of bilingual seniors and monolingual seniors to do an attention-switching task. Usually this skill fails with age. However the bilingual seniors performed better than the monolinguals, and their brains worked less hard and more efficiently. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) think that having more brainpower at an older age helps protect us from Alzheimer’s. Current medication for Alzheimer’s only delays it for 6-12 months, while learning a new language delays it for 4-5 years. Again, this is not only for people who learn a second language from birth. Even if you don’t learn another language until after middle age it helps. Language learning keeps your brain active and “fit”. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．他的不负责行为给我们的团队合作造成了严重挑战。 (pose) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 53．当你不知如何使用微波炉时请参考用户手册。 (refer) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 54．无论是对宇宙奥秘的渴望，还是对深海未知生物的好奇，人类从未停止过挑战自然边界。 (desire) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 55．正是这种对文化遗产的坚守，让这个社区在现代化浪潮中依然保留着传统建筑，甚至吸引了全球科学家的关注。（It）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 5月12日是全国防灾减灾日（National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day）, 每年学校都会组织疏散演练（evacuation drill）, 但是大部分学生对此不够重视, 参与度不高。为完善现有活动, 学校正在向全体同学征集建议。假设你是该校的学生李明, 请你写一封信给学校, 信中需包括: 1. 简述疏散演练中的2点不足之处; 2. 提供相应的完善建议, 并分析其预计效果。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Mind and body单元测试·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） （参考答案） 1．have interviewed 2．as 3．those 4．to recognize 5．shared 6．while/though/although 7．more traditional 8．where 9．lasting 10．but also 11．E 12．J 13．A 14．G 15．D 16．B 17．C 18．H 19．I 20．F 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．D 31．B 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．B 37．C 38．C 39．D 40．B 41．B 42．D 43．D 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．C 51．Being bilingual, though once considered to be a barrier to brain development, is known to benefit those speaking two languages from birth, enhancing perception, and those learning another language later in life, improving their memories and various other skills. It also has long-term benefits for the old, keeping their brain active in thinking. 52．His irresponsible behavior posed serious challenges to our teamwork. 53．When you don’t know how to use the microwave oven, please refer to the user manual. 54．Whether it is the desire for the mysteries of the universe or the curiosity about unknown creatures in the deep sea, humanity has never stopped challenging the boundaries of nature. 55．It is this commitment to cultural heritage that has enabled the community to preserve its traditional architecture amid the wave of modernization, and even attracted the attention of scientists around the world. 56． Dear School Administration,       I’m Li Ming, a student at our school. I’m writing to share my thoughts on enhancing our evacuation drills. Currently, there are two significant issues. Firstly, the drills follow a fixed routine every year. Students just line up and walk out quickly, regarding it as a tiresome task rather than a life-saving practice. Secondly, we rarely receive any feedback after the drills. Without understanding our mistakes, we can’t improve our emergency response skills.       To address these problems, I have two suggestions. First, we could vary the drill scenarios, such as simulating a gas leak or a night-time evacuation, which would make the drills more challenging and engaging. Second, teachers should hold a brief meeting after each drill to analyze our performance, showing us what we did wrong and how to do better. This way, students will take the drills more seriously and truly learn how to protect ourselves in disasters. Sincerely, Li Ming 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Mind and body单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Friends for Weather Both Fair and Foul I love meeting new people. Over the last year, to develop my video media production company, I 1 (interview) and talked with people from all walks of life, from restaurant owners to coffee roasters, to music event organizers. All of these new, mutually beneficial connections have helped to expand my company’s foothold in Shanghai. These relationships, built upon a bedrock of shared benefit, are often referred to 2 “fair-weather” friendships. And they are not unique to the world of business. Similar patterns can be seen in how teenagers today form their social connections in online, digital spaces. They make friends with 3 who share their interests, experiences and hobbies. These relationships can create a sense of belonging and be formative to their social development. But for teenagers, it is important 4 (recognize) the inherent (固有的) limitations of these online connections. These bonds often don’t extend beyond the pleasure or advantage 5 (share) between individuals. As such, they are often quick to end once mutual benefit has disappeared. And 6 they can be used to supplement (补充) one’s social life, they shouldn’t be used as a replacement for offline relationships. Real-life interactions are crucial for developing real social skills and emotional connections. In fact, students can find similar “fair-weather” friendships in 7 (traditional), offline settings like schools. Years ago, I had the honor of teaching some of the brightest students at Shanghai Jincai High School. They were ambitious and determined to do their very best despite the exhausting cycle of their studies. Under heavy pressure, each classroom became a small community, 8 students supported one another through mutual help and encouragement. Though these relationships may fade after graduation, they are beneficial to the students while they exist. Some of them may even deepen over time, 9 (last) through college and into professional life. To better understand the nature of these relationships, we can look to the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, who famously classified friendship into three distinct types: pleasure-based, utility-based, and virtue-based. The first two, based on mutual benefit and advantage, align with what we see as “fair-weather” friendships. The third, which is rare, could be regarded as friendship in the truest sense of the term. You can count upon such friends to see you through not just the “sunniest” periods of your life, 10 the darkest storms. Though each type can foster our growth, only this last one proves indispensable: a true friend is the hand that holds the umbrella when the rain beats hardest. 【答案】 1．have interviewed 2．as 3．those 4．to recognize 5．shared 6．while/though/although 7．more traditional 8．where 9．lasting 10．but also 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。探讨了“晴雨表友谊”的特点、在不同场景的表现，以及古希腊哲学家亚里士多德对友谊的分类，强调真正友谊的重要性。 1．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的一年里，为了发展我的视频媒体制作公司，我采访并与各行各业的人交谈，从餐馆老板到咖啡烘焙师，再到音乐活动组织者。根据时间状语“Over the last year”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语I是第一人称，所以用have interviewed。故填have interviewed。 2．考查介词。句意：这些建立在共同利益基础上的关系，通常被称为“晴雨表”友谊。此处为固定搭配be referred to as，意为“被称为”，用介词as。故填as。 3．考查代词。句意：他们与那些分享他们兴趣、经历和爱好的人交朋友。此处指代“那些人”，用代词those，作with的宾语。故填those。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：但对于青少年来说，认识到这些在线联系的固有局限性很重要。此处为固定句型“it is + adj. + to do sth.”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短短与作真正主语，所以此处用动词不定式to recognize作真正的主语。故填to recognize。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些联系往往不会超出个人之间共享的快乐或优势。此处为非谓语动词作定语，pleasure or advantage与share为被动关系，用过去分词shared。故填shared。 6．考查连词。句意：虽然它们可以用来补充一个人的社交生活，但不应用作线下关系的替代品。结合句意，上下文之间表让步关系，用连词while/though/although，意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。故填while/though/although。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：事实上，学生们可以在更传统的线下环境中，如学校，找到类似的“晴雨表”友谊。此处隐含与online spaces的对比，用traditional的比较级more traditional，意为“更传统的”。故填more traditional。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在巨大的压力下，每个教室都变成了一个小社区，学生们通过相互帮助和鼓励来支持彼此。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为community，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些甚至可能随着时间的推移而加深，持续到大学和职业生涯。此处为非谓语动词作状语，relationships与last为主动关系，用现在分词lasting。故填lasting。 10．考查连词。句意：你可以指望这样的朋友不仅能陪你度过人生中“最阳光”的时期，还能陪你度过最黑暗的风暴。此处为固定搭配not just...but also...，意为“不仅……而且……”，用but also。故填but also。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A．ground       B．friction       C． load       D．collective      E. massive      F. preserving     G. attach         H. illustrating      I. dimensions     J. justify        K. permanent Stolen History: The Battle to Bring China’s Treasures Home The illegal trade of Chinese cultural artifacts (文物) has grown into a worldwide issue, showing how challenging it is to protect historical treasures in our modern age. Recent reports reveal shocking truths-ancient bronze tools from the Shang Dynasty and delicately made Tang Dynasty pottery figures keep disappearing from Chinese museums and dig sites. Many later emerge in major overseas auction houses, selling for millions while China struggles to get them back. UNESCO estimates more than 10 million Chinese relics remain abroad, with fewer than 1 in 10 ever returning — a/an 11 loss of cultural heritage. Some foreign collectors try to 12 keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care. This claim has no ethical 13 because it ignores history — countless artifacts were stolen during foreign invasions between 1840-1949. To Chinese people, these relics aren’t just objects; we 14 our 15 memory to them. A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals. Growing 16 complicates recovery efforts. Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. Meanwhile, Chinese experts carry the heavy 17 of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations. The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues (十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments, perfectly 18 these challenges. This issue has multiple 19 — it’s about law, history, and national pride. While recent successes like the 2019 return of a stolen eighth-century Buddhist mural (佛教壁画) bring hope, much work remains. Global cooperation and stricter art trade rules are essential. Protecting cultural heritage isn’t just China’s responsibility — it’s about 20 humanity’s shared story for generations to come. 【答案】 11．E 12．J 13．A 14．G 15．D 16．B 17．C 18．H 19．I 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了中国文物非法交易的问题，以及中国在追回流失文物过程中所面临的挑战和努力。 11．考查形容词。句意：联合国教科文组织估计有超过1000万件中国文物仍留在国外，其中少于十分之一能够返回——这是一个巨大的文化遗产损失。空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词“loss”，结合句意，只有十分之一的文物能够回国，这是一种巨大的损失。选项E“massive”意为“巨大的”，符合句意，故选E。 12．考查动词。句意：一些外国收藏家试图为保留这些被盗物品进行辩解，声称它们在他们的照顾下“更安全”。try to do为固定搭配，设空处填动词原形，根据“keeping these stolen items by saying they’re “safer” in their care”可知，空格处需要填入一个动词来表示“为……进行辩解”。选项J“justify”意为“为……辩护；证明……正当”，符合句意，故选J。 13．考查名词。句意：这种说法在道德上没有任何根据，因为它忽视了历史——无数文物在1840-1949年间的外国入侵中被盗。设空处填名词作宾语，“ground”意为“根据；理由”为名词，放在这里和ethical形成固定短语，意思是“道德依据”，符合句意，故选A。 14．考查动词。句意：我们把集体记忆附着于它们。空格处需要填入一个动词作谓语，和后面的to形成固定短语。根据下文“A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals.”可知，文物上承载着记忆和历史，此处指我们把记忆附加到文物上，选项G“attach”意为“附着；连接”为动词，attach sth. to…是“把……依附于……”，符合句意，故选G。 15．考查形容词。句意：我们把集体记忆附着于它们。空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词“memory”，结合下文“A simple jade necklace might represent a family’s history across generations, while a bronze bell could symbolize ancient rituals.”可知，文物代表集体文化遗产，文物承载了我们的集体回忆、历史。选项D“collective”意为“集体的”，符合句意，故选D。 16．考查名词。句意：不断增加的摩擦使回收工作变得更加复杂。根据下文“Foreign museums often demand ownership papers that were never made for items stolen over a century ago. ”以及“The fight to recover the Old Summer Palace’s zodiac animal statues ( 十二生肖兽首雕像) took 12 years and involved three governments”文物追回工作面临诸多阻力和摩擦，空格处需要填入一个名词来表示“摩擦，阻力”，在句中充当主语。选项B“friction”意为“摩擦；冲突”为名词，符合句意，故选B。 17．考查名词。句意：与此同时，中国专家肩负着追踪被盗物品的重任，他们要依靠旧档案资料、国际法律以及艰苦的谈判来完成这项工作。根据下文“of tracking stolen goods through old records, international laws, and tough negotiations”专家们承担着重任，选项C“load”意为“责任，重担”，为名词，符合句意，故选C。 18．考查动词。句意：圆明园十二生肖兽首雕像的追回工作历时12年，涉及三个政府，完美地说明了这些挑战。追回十二生肖兽首的艰难工作充分说明了文物追回工作所面临的挑战，动词illustrate“说明；阐释”符合句意，用现在分词作状语。选项H“illustrating”意为“说明；阐释”，符合语境，故选H。 19．考查名词。句意：这个问题有多个层面——它涉及法律、历史和民族自豪感。此空作宾语，根据“it’s about law, history, and national pride”可知，文物追讨工作涉及很多层面的问题，空格处需要填入一个名词来表示“层面；维度”，multiple提示名词用复数。选项I“dimensions”意为“层面；维度”，符合句意，故选I。 20．考查动词。句意：保护文化遗产不仅仅是中国的责任，而是为了保存人类共同的故事，以便代代相传。根据后文“humanity’s shared story for generations to come”可知，此处指“保护人类共享的故事”，空格处需要填入一个动词来表示“保存；保护”，作about宾语，填动名词。选项F“preserving”意为“保存；保护”，符合句意，故选F。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In European terms, it’s barely a baby — but Boston is one of the oldest cities in the US. It has gnarled streets, a slow, rumbly subway and red-brick buildings that date back to the revolution. But behind the history is a modern approach to city management that’s making life easier for its citizens — and it’s all thanks to 21 . Earlier this week, Uber, a successful car-booking platform, announced that it would 22 its data with Boston, making it the first city in the US to receive data from the firm. Starting in two weeks, then updated every quarter, Boston will get zip codes in which Uber rides begin and end, the timing of rides and the distance travelled. Jascha Franklin-Hodge, the city’s chief information officer, says Uber’s data will help his team assess the impact of city development on residential 23 , measuring commute (通勤) and travel times between different neighbourhoods. The Uber data set will 24 a wide range of others in Boston’s store. Like cities around the world, it has collected data from its public transport system, cellphones and taxi records to quietly transform and 25 itself. For example, it is already using data from the public transport system to understand the impact removing an overpass in south Boston is having on local residents. “Cities have used data forever really,” says Alan Wiig of Temple University in Philadelphia. “What’s 26 now, what this announcement signifies, is the speeding up of how quickly cities can use data.” Other cities are also seeing the advantage in pooling data to make life 27 for residents, says John Polak of Imperial College London. 28 , data from London’s transport system helped the city prepare for the arrival of the large number of visitors during the 2012 Olympics. 29 solutions can make residents’ lives easier, but they can also give managers new insights (洞察) into their cities. Chris Osgood of the Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics in Boston says wiring 320 downtown parking spots with occupancy sensors   30 not just by letting drivers find open spots through an app called Parking but by helping the city managers see where they needed to change their policies. Osgood and his team 31 a number of spaces that were constantly occupied, and reduced their maximum occupancy time from 4 hours to 2 hours. Other spots were underused, and had their maximum times bumped up 32 . “We have trash cans throughout the city that are 33 sensors,” Franklin-Hodge says. “They can inform us in real time when they are getting full. As we analyse that data over time, it lets us 34 where to put resources to collect trash.” Franklin-Hodge says he expects more private companies to join Uber. “The city can’t just look inwards at its own databases,” he says. “It has to recognise that consumer services are generating (生成) data that’s valuable to us. The Uber 35 is the tip of the iceberg.” 21．A．app B．companies C．data D．advances 22．A．assist B．provide C．impress D．share 23．A．community B．mobility C．landscape D．quality 24．A．enhance B．assess C．collect D．join 25．A．create B．locate C．improve D．control 26．A．new B．good C．wrong D．old 27．A．smoother B．tougher C．quicker D．slower 28．A．In addition B．For example C．As a result D．On the contrary 29．A．Traditional B．General C．Potential D．Technological 30．A．took on B．put aside C．made up D．paid off 31．A．cancelled B．identified C．emptied D．enlarged 32．A．accordingly B．distinctively C．sensitively D．analytically 33．A．equipped with B．devoted to C．occupied by D．involved in 34．A．remember B．ignore C．plan D．ask 35．A．service B．agreement C．advantage D．requirement 【答案】 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．D 31．B 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了本波士顿通过数据驱动的现代城市管理方式提升市民生活质量。Uber数据共享、智能停车系统、垃圾传感器等案例，说明数据技术如何帮助城市优化交通、改善政策决策，并指出这种模式正在全球范围内加速发展。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在这段历史的背后，是一种现代化的城市管理方式，它让市民的生活变得更加便捷——这一切都归功于数据。A. app应用软件；B. companies公司；C. data数据资料；D. advances上涨。根据后文“…its data with Boston, making it the first city in the US to receive data from the firm(……其数据与波士顿的数据进行了对接，这使得波士顿成为美国首个获得该企业数据的城市)”可推知，“数据共享”是文章的核心主题，因此，该句位于第一段末尾，应是抛出主题句，即，“data”。故选C项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：本周早些时候，颇受欢迎的打车预订平台Uber宣布将向波士顿市分享其数据，这使得波士顿成为美国首个获得该平台数据的城市。A. assist帮助，协助；B. provide提供，供给；C. impress使钦佩，使留下深刻印象；D. share分担，分享。根据后文“…its data with Boston, making it the first city in the US to receive data from the firm(……其数据与波士顿进行了对接，这使得波士顿成为美国首个获得该企业数据的城市)”可知，该公司的数据与波士顿进行了对接，即，进行了“数据共享”。故选D项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该市首席信息官Jascha Franklin-Hodge表示，优步提供的数据将有助于其团队评估城市发展对居民出行的影响，包括测量不同区域之间的通勤时间和出行时间。A. community社区，共同体；B. mobility流动能力，灵活性；C. landscape风景，景色；D. quality质量，品质。根据后文“measuring commute and travel times between different neighbourhoods(记录不同区域之间的通勤及出行时间)”可知，不同区域间的通勤和出行时间就是居民的“社会流动”或“出行”，可用“mobility(流动能力)”表达。故选B项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Uber的数据集将与波士顿数据中心里的众多其他数据集一同存入该数据库中。A. enhance增强，改善；B. assess评价，评定；C. collect收集，收藏；D. join连接，参加。根据前文“…its data with Boston, making it the first city in the US to receive data from the firm(……其数据与波士顿进行了对接，这使得波士顿成为美国首个获得该企业数据的城市)”可知，Uber的数据将与波士顿进行共享，因此可推知，Uber的数据集将与波士顿其他众多的数据集进行连接整合。故选D项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与世界各地的城市一样，它从公共交通系统、手机和出租车记录中收集数据，以悄悄地改造和完善自己。A. create创造，设计；B. locate位于；C. improve提高，改善；D. control控制。根据前文“it has collected data from its public transport system, cellphones and taxi records(它已经从其公共交通系统、手机以及出租车记录中收集了相关数据)”可知，从不同领域收集数据是为了使自己更加完善。故选C项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“现在的新情况是，此次公告所传达的意义在于，城市利用数据的速度将会加快。”A. new新的，新颖的；B. good好的；C. wrong错误的；D. old旧的，古老的。根据前文“Cities have used data forever really(城市一直以来都在利用数据)”可知，利用数据是很早就实现的，而后文“what this announcement signifies, is the speeding up of how quickly cities can use data(这一公告所传达的意义在于，它表明城市能够利用数据的速度正在加快)”提及的“速度加快”则是城市利用数据的新变化。故选A项。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伦敦帝国理工学院的John Polak表示，其他城市也看到了汇集数据以使居民生活更顺畅的优势。A. smoother更光滑的，更顺畅的；B. tougher更艰苦的，更严格的；C. quicker更快的；D. slower更慢的。与前文“But behind the history is a modern approach to city management that’s making life easier for its citizens—and it’s all thanks to _____1_____ .(但在这段历史的背后，是一种现代化的城市管理方式，它让市民的生活变得更加便捷——这一切都归功于数据。)”中的“easier(更便捷，更顺畅)”相呼应，这里应是“smoother”，表达“让生活更顺畅”含义。故选A项。 28．考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，伦敦交通系统的数据帮助该市为2012年奥运会期间大量游客的到来做好了准备。A. In addition此外，另外；B. For example比如，举例；C. As a result结果；D. On the contrary相反。分析语境可知，这里“data from London’s transport system helped the city prepare for the arrival of the large number of visitors during the 2012 Olympics(伦敦交通系统的相关数据帮助该市为 2012 年奥运会期间大量游客的涌入做好了准备)” 提出的伦敦奥运案例是前句“Other cities are also seeing the advantage in pooling data…(其他城市也意识到了整合数据所带来的好处)”的具体举例。故选B项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科技解决方案可以让居民的生活更轻松，但也可以让管理者对他们的城市有新的了解。A. Traditional传统的；B. General笼统的，一般的；C. Potential潜在的，可能的；D. Technological技术的，科技的。后文“…wiring 320 downtown parking spots with occupancy sensors ____10___ not just by letting drivers find open spots through an app called Parking but by helping the city managers see where they needed to change their policies(在市中心的 320 个停车位上安装了占用传感器，这一举措不仅通过一款名为“停车”的应用程序让司机能够找到空位而取得了成效，而且还帮助城市管理者了解到他们需要调整哪些政策。)”提及的“传感器、App”等属于技术解决方案。故选D项。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：波士顿市长办公室“新城市力学”部门的Chris Osgood表示，为市中心的 320 个停车位安装了占用传感器，这一举措不仅通过一款名为“停车”的应用程序让司机能够找到空位而取得了成效，还帮助城市管理者了解到他们需要调整哪些政策。A. took on开始承担或处理，呈现；B. put aside存储，暂时搁置；C. made up弥补，组成；D. paid off取得成功。根据后文“not just by letting drivers find open spots through an app called Parking but by helping the city managers see where they needed to change their policies(通过一款名为“停车”的应用程序在市中心的 320 个停车位上安装了占用传感器，不仅让司机能够找到空位，而且还帮助城市管理者了解到他们需要调整哪些政策)”可知，这款应用程序取得了成功。故选D项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Osgood和他的团队确定了一些经常被占用的空间，并将其最长占用时间从4小时缩短到2小时。A. cancelled取消；B. identified认出，确定；C. emptied清空，使失去；D. enlarged扩大。后文“a number of spaces that were constantly occupied(很多总是被占用的空位)”提及的“有很多总是被占用的空位”这一情况是经过Osgood和他的团队根据“数据”确定的。故选B项。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：其他地点未得到充分利用，因此其最长使用时间也相应增加。A. accordingly相应地，因此；B. distinctively特殊地；C. sensitively敏感地，易感知地；D. analytically分析地，解析地。根据前文“Other spots were underused, and had their maximum times bumped up(其他地点未得到充分利用，最大使用时间也有所增加)”可知，该地点未得到充分利用，相应地就会增加这一地点的使用时间。故选A项。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们全市各个地方都设有装有传感器的垃圾桶。”Franklin-Hodge说道。A. equipped with配备，装备；B. devoted to专心于，致力于；C. occupied by被占用；D. involved in参与，牵涉。根据“sensors(传感器)”以及“They can inform us in real time when they are getting full.(当垃圾桶满载时，它们可以实时通知我们。)”可推知，垃圾桶被装备上了传感器。故选A项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们对这些数据进行长期分析，这使我们能够规划出应在何处投入资源来收集垃圾。A. remember记住，记得；B. ignore忽视，不理睬；C. plan计划，规划；D. ask询问，要求。根据前文“As we analyse that data over time(随着我们对这些数据进行长期的分析)”以及后文“where to put resources to collect trash(在哪里配置资源来收集垃圾)”可知，经过分析数据，就可以规划收集垃圾的资源配置。故选C项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与Uber达成的协议只是冰山一角。A. service服务；B. agreement协议，协定；C. advantage优势，长处；D. requirement要求。根据前文“Franklin-Hodge says he expects more private companies to join Uber.(Franklin Hodge表示，他预计会有更多的私营公司加入优步。)”可知，预计会有更多的私营公司像Uber一样与政府合作，达成一致，因此，在他看来，与Uber达成一致是“数据共享”的一小步，即“冰山一角”。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, as their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates art that could not have been imagined by the programmer. Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? ‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’ To some extent, we are all familiar with computerized art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London’s Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’ Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their color palette-so why should computers be any different? 36．What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph? A．People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably. B．A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. C．They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others. D．The advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be. 37．According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art? A．It is aesthetically inferior to human art. B．It may ultimately supersede human art. C．It undermines a fundamental human quality. D．It will lead to a deterioration in human ability. 38．What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool? A．Its programmer’s background. B．Public response to its work. C．The source of its subject matter. D．The technical standard of its output. 39．What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph? A．Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic. B．The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art. C．It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being. D．People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria. 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．C 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是计算机程序在艺术创作领域的进展及其引发的关于人类创造力与机器创造力的讨论，探讨了人工智能艺术作品的独特性及争议。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, as their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. (“绘画愚人”是越来越多声称具有创造力的计算机程序之一。由人工智能作曲家创作的古典音乐让观众着迷，甚至让他们误以为背后是人类创作。机器人绘制的艺术品已以数千美元的价格售出，并被挂在著名画廊中。)”可知，作者通过具体实例表明，计算机生成艺术领域已经取得了显著进步。故选B项。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’(‘这是一个人类核心的问题，’伦敦大学金史密斯学院的计算创造力研究员格伦特·威金斯说。‘这吓坏了许多人。他们担心这会夺走一些成为人类所特有的东西。’)”可知，许多人担忧计算机艺术会削弱人类的基本特质。故选C项。 38．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. (Aaron可以拿起画笔自行在画布上作画。虽然令人印象深刻，但它仍然只是实现程序员创意想法的工具。)”可知，Aaron使用画笔自行在画布上作画，结合第四段中的“Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. (与早期的‘艺术家’如Aaron不同，“绘画愚人”只需最少的指导，便能通过上网获取材料并提出自己的概念。)”可知，“绘画愚人”通过上网获取材料并提出自己的概念，由此可知，两者的区别在于主题来源不同。故选C项。 39．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’(Colton认为，这种反应源于人们对软件生成艺术和人类生成艺术的双重标准。毕竟，他说，“绘画愚人”在没有参考照片的情况下绘制了风景画。‘如果一个孩子凭空画出一幅新场景，你会说它具有一定想象力，’他指出，‘机器也应如此。’)”可知，Colton认为，这种反应源于人们对软件生成艺术和人类生成艺术的双重标准，由此可知，Colton指出人们评判计算机艺术和人类艺术时采用不同标准的现象。故选D项。 B Beijing is hardly alone in its air pollution problems. The world Health Organization has said that roughly half of the world’s urban population is exposed to pollution at least 2.5 times higher than it recommends. While it may take years to fix this global problem, innovative minds in the Asia region have come up with creative solutions for living with air pollution. DIY Purifier Thomas Talhelm started worrying about the air inside his Beijing home during “airpocalypse” in 2013 when Beijing’s air quality index skyrocketed to a terrifying 755. The scholar couldn’t afford the luxury of an expensive air purifier. “Fillers are actually very simple— a high efficient filter is all you need to get over 96% of the PM2.5,” he said. With three of his friends, Talhelm created Smart Air, an air purifier consisting of a basic household fan with a high efficient filter attached to it. It works as efficiently as the big brands selling for thousands of dollars, removing more than 90 percent of PM 2.5 in your room, according to Talhelm’s research. Invisible Mask Infipure’s “nose mask” claims to cut 99% of PM2.5 without the trouble of a surgical face mask. The filters, made from special materials, are inserted into your nose and aim to be undetectable. “People care about their health, but don’t want all the downsides that come with a traditional face mask.” Infipure co-founder Francis Law explained. Plant Backpack Taiwanese artist Chui Chih has designed a survival device for an apocalyptic world. Named Voyage on the Planet, a potted plant is housed inside a clear backpack hooked up to two tubes to bring fresh to a face mask. It’s a bold, abstract idea from an oxygen tank. Smog Vacuum Daan Roosegaarde has been working on a smog vacuum that will suck pollutants from the sky to the ground like a vacuum, making way for clean air. A byproduct of this smog vacuum, namely The Smog Free Tower, is the “smog ring”—a piece of jewelry made from smog particulates. “The pollution we suck up, the small particulates, we don’t throw them away. We put them under pressure for a couple of weeks and they crystallize, creating something like a diamond,” Roosegaardc explains. 40．Thomas Talhelm invented Smart Air for all the following reasons except ________. A．the high price of the big brands B．the help from three of his friends C．the poor quality of the indoor air D．the simple principle behind the device 41．If someone wants to travel around in those polluted days, which product will he most probably choose for the sake of convenience? A．Smart Air. B．Infipure’s nose mask. C．Voyage on the Planet. D．The Smog Free Tower. 42．In which solution the inventor also makes use of the dust collected from the polluted air? A．DIY Purifier. B．Invisible Mask. C．Plant Backpack. D．Smog Vacuum. 【答案】40．B 41．B 42．D 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些应对空气污染的发明。 40．细节理解题。根据DIY Purifier部分中“Thomas Talhelm started worrying about the air inside his Beijing home during “airpocalypse” in 2013 when Beijing’s air quality index skyrocketed to a terrifying 755.( Thomas Talhelm在2013年“空气末日”期间开始担心他北京家中的空气，当时北京的空气质量指数飙升到了可怕的755)”以及“The scholar couldn’t afford the luxury of an expensive air purifier. “Fillers are actually very simple— a high efficient filter is all you need to get over 96% of the PM2.5,” he said.(这位学者无法负担昂贵的空气净化器的费用。他说：“填料其实很简单——一个高效的过滤器就能让你过滤超过96%的PM2.5”)”可知，B选项“他的三个朋友的帮助”不是Thomas Talhelm发明Smart Air的原因。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据Invisible Mask部分中“Infipure’s “nose mask” claims to cut 99% of PM2.5 without the trouble of a surgical face mask.(英菲普尔公司的“鼻罩”宣称可以在不使用医用口罩的情况下将PM2.5浓度降低99%)”以及“The filters, made from special materials, are inserted into your nose and aim to be undetectable.(这种由特殊材料制成的过滤器被插入你的鼻子，达到不被发现的目的)”可知，如果有人想在污染严重的日子里出行，为了方便，他最有可能选择英菲普尔的鼻罩。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The pollution we suck up, the small particulates, we don’t throw them away. We put them under pressure for a couple of weeks and they crystallize, creating something like a diamond,” Roosegaardc explains. (“我们吸收的污染，小颗粒，我们不会扔掉它们。我们给它们施加几周的压力，它们就会结晶，形成类似钻石的东西。” Roosegaardc解释道)”可知，在烟雾真空中发明者还利用了从污染空气中收集的灰尘。故选D。 C Surgical students are less capable than their ancestors because they spend too much time with screens and not enough with physical materials. These claims from Roger Kneebone, professor of surgical education at Imperial College London, were widely reported last week. According to Kneebone, today’s students lack the dexterity that is important for sewing, cutting and stitching. He argues that this is because, instead of taking part in creative subjects that involve manual work during their school education, “a lot of things are reduced to swiping on a two-dimensional flat screen”. There hasn’t been much research into the effects of smartphones on surgical skills. However, one 2012 study found no statistically significant change in digital dexterity among frequent smartphone users, and it did find a significant improvement in reaction time. If anything, says Pete Etchells, a psychologist at Bath Spa University, UK, the use of digital technology of any kind — rather than smartphones specifically — is linked with a higher level of surgical skill. One 2007 study, for example, found that young surgeons who played a lot of video games made fewer errors in surgery and worked faster than those who didn’t. A randomized, controlled trial in 2012 found that surgery simulators(模拟) were less effective at training surgeons than just letting them play on games consoles. These were small studies that merely found modest effects, warns Etchells, but they don’t paint a picture of digital technology damaging the core skills of surgery. More broadly, says Andrew Przybylski of the Oxford Internet Institute, UK, Kneebone’s concerns and the resulting coverage are part of a wider reaction to the role of technology in our lives. Around a decade ago, we anticipated that digital experiences could lead to improvements in various kinds of real-world competence, such as brain-training games enhancing cognitive performance or video games boosting surgical dexterity. “As those hopes haven’t materialized, we rightly feel disappointed,” says Przybylski. There is also a society-wide fear about new technologies, which is often unfounded. Przybylski’s own work has found that, contrary to widespread concern around technology and young people, screen time seems to have a small, positive effect on teenagers in all but the most extreme of cases. “Collective anxiety about the role of smartphones, and social media companies, fuel this sort of fear of technology,” he says. Ultimately, Kneebone may turn out to be right that the decline in crafts and handiwork at school is reducing the quality of the surgical student intake. But there seems little evidence of it yet. In fact, it is probably a positive thing that our youngest surgeons are digitally literate. In the very near future, a surgeon’s ability to interact with technology — be that surgical robots or augmented reality — will become increasingly important. 43．What does the underlined word dexterity mean? A．Power of concentration. B．Experience of performing surgery. C．Capacity to use words or mind. D．Skills related to hand work. 44．What can we learn from the studies mentioned in Paragraph 3 and 4? A．People are confident that video games will boost cognitive performance. B．Surgeons won’t be less skillful when exposed to digital technology. C．Digital applications except smartphones strengthen surgical skills. D．Most surgeons are modest about their improved working efficiency. 45．The perceived decline of medical students’ surgical competence is due to___________. A．people’s fear about technology that is backed up by scientific evidence B．people’s failure to see the positive effects of digital technology emerge C．the increased time teenagers spent using smartphones and social media D．the decreased access to handiwork and crafts required in medical school 46．Which of the following may serve as the best title for this passage? A．Surgical Skills, Need Enhancing? B．Digital Devices, Enhance Reaction Time? C．Surgeons, Be Trained as Digital Natives? D．Screen Time, Bad for Young Surgeons? 【答案】43．D 44．B 45．B 46．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文讨论了关于现代外科学生是否因过多使用电子设备而缺乏手术所需的手工技能的争议。Roger Kneebone教授认为，学生因减少手工活动而技能下降，但研究表明数字技术（如电子游戏）可能反而提升手术表现；同时讲述了相关争议背后的社会与认知原因。但从长远来看，数字素养对未来外科医生可能越来越重要。 43．词义猜测题。根据后文的定语从句“that is important for sewing, cutting and stitching(这对缝纫、切割和缝合很重要)”可知，句中“sewing(缝纫)”，“cutting(切割)”，“stitching(缝合)” 均为外科手术中手工操作相关动作，因此可推知，“dexterity”应指向“手术中与手工操作相关的能力”。故选D项。 44．推理判断题。文章第三段的研究“However, one 2012 study found no statistically significant change in digital dexterity among frequent smartphone users, and it did find a significant improvement in reaction time.(然而，2012年的一项研究发现，经常使用智能手机的人在数字灵巧度方面没有出现统计学上的显著变化，但反应时间确实有显著提高。)”发现频繁使用智能手机对数字灵巧度无负面影响，反而提升反应速度；同时结合第四段研究“One 2007 study, for example, found that young surgeons who played a lot of video games made fewer errors in surgery and worked faster than those who didn’t. A randomized, controlled trial in 2012 found that surgery simulators were less effective at training surgeons than just letting them play on games consoles.(例如，2007年的一项研究发现，经常玩电子游戏的年轻外科医生在手术中出现的失误更少，操作速度也比不玩电子游戏的医生更快。2012年的一项随机对照试验则表明，手术模拟器在培养外科医生方面的效果，不如仅仅让他们玩游戏机。)”可知，2007年研究显示玩电子游戏的外科医生手术错误更少、速度更快；2012年试验表明手术模拟器效果不如游戏机训练。由此推知，这些研究均指向数字技术未损害外科技能，即，外科医生接触数字技术后并不会变得技术能力下降。故选B项。 45．细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“Around a decade ago, we anticipated that digital experiences could lead to improvements in various kinds of real-world competence, such as brain-training games enhancing cognitive performance or video games boosting surgical dexterity. ‘As those hopes haven’t materialized, we rightly feel disappointed,’ says Przybylski.(大约十年前，我们曾预期数字体验能够促进各种实际能力的提升，比如脑力训练游戏能够提高认知能力，或者视频游戏能够增强手术技能。但“由于这些期望并未实现，我们理所当然地感到失望。”Przybylski说道。)”可知，担忧源于对技术作用的过度期待落空，即，这种“能力下降”的认知主要源于人们未看到技术积极效果显现的失望。故选B项。 46．主旨大意题。通过阅读文章内容可知，文章首段内容“Surgical students are less capable than their ancestors because they spend too much time with screens and not enough with physical materials. These claims from Roger Kneebone, professor of surgical education at Imperial College London, were widely reported last week.(外科专业学生的能力不如前辈，因为他们花太多时间在屏幕上，而在实物操作上投入的时间不足。伦敦帝国理工学院外科教育教授Roger Kneebone的这些说法上周得到了广泛报道。)”提出了Roger Kneebone的观点“屏幕时间损害外科学生技能”，却在第三段“However, one 2012 study found no statistically significant change in digital dexterity among frequent smartphone users, and it did find a significant improvement in reaction time.(然而，2012 年的一项研究发现，经常使用智能手机的人在数字灵巧度方面没有出现统计学上的显著变化，但反应时间确实有显著提高。)”，第四段“These were small studies that merely found modest effects, warns Etchells, but they don’t paint a picture of digital technology damaging the core skills of surgery.(Etchells警告说，这些只是小型研究，只发现了适度的影响，但它们并没有描绘出数字技术损害手术核心技能的画面。)”用“研究发现”进行了反驳。由此可知，文章核心围绕Kneebone 的观点“屏幕时间有害外科技能”为话题，用“研究”反驳展开，主旨是“探讨屏幕时间对年轻外科医生的影响是否负面”。D项“Screen Time, Bad for Young Surgeons?(屏幕时间对年轻外科医生有害吗？)”贴合主旨要义，可作最佳标题。故选D项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. In so many ways, cyberspace (网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love. Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. 47 So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. Usually, this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems. Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests? 48 They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably. Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way. But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. 49 All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. 50 This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person. So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.” A．Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. B．In a sense, they’re not really themselves. C．With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. D．But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. E．The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way. F．However,online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image. 【答案】47．A 48．D 49．B 50．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出有些网络用户寻求线上恋爱关系，以及对此赞成和反对的观点。 47．上文“Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. (身份和外表在网络空间中意义不大。)”指出在网络上，身份和外貌并不重要。下文“So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. (因此，即使是最害羞的人也可以成为聊天室明星。)”可知，空处应该解释为什么身份和外表不重要，或者强调思想的重要性。结合选项可知，选项A“Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. (相反，一个人的想法——或者至少是他们打出来的想法——才是真正重要的。)”承接前文，符合题意。故选A项。 48．下文“They are looking for serious love relationships. (他们正在寻找严肃的恋爱关系。)”指出，有一类人在互联网上寻求严肃恋爱关系。选项D“But some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. (但一些互联网用户想要的不仅仅是聊天对象。)”指出有一些网络用户想要的不仅仅是简单聊天，下文是对该选项的进一步说明，两者为递进关系，因此符合语境。故选D项。 49．上文“And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. (而且他们不必担心他们的“无脸”交流会对他们的形象产生什么影响。)”指出网络上的交流，哪怕是无理的，也不会对一个人的形象造成影响。选项B“In a sense, they’re not really themselves. (从某种意义上说，他们不是真正的自己。)”是对上文的补充说明，说明不用担心对自己的形象造成影响。符合语境。故选B项。 50．上文“But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. (但不了解一个人是恋爱关系中的一个大问题。)”指出，恋爱关系中对这个人了解不够是一个大问题。下文“This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. (这不可避免地会导致这对恋人见面时的失望。)”指出，网络上的恋人如果要线下见面，可能因为某事而失望。选项C“With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. (有这么多未知，很容易让一个人的想象力“填补空白”。)”指出因为网络恋爱两个人不够了解，他们可能通过想象来添补了解的不够，该选项是上文的补充说明，也是导致下文所说的见面问题的原因，符合语境。故选C项。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Benefits of Being Bilingual At one time being bilingual was thought to slow down brain development, although it is now known to have many benefits. Aside from professional and social benefits, studies show that the process of learning a second language actually strengthens some areas of the brain. To start off with, a study done at the University of British Columbia shows that babies exposed to two languages before birth don’t confuse the languages. Moreover, it showed that the effort it takes to keep the languages separate improves perception. The benefits aren’t only for people who grow up bilingual, however. Anyone who learns a second language during their lifetime will have certain advantages. For one, Swedish scientists found that the brain grows during language learning, particularly the area where memories are created. Not only does the brain grow, but language learners also improve in many areas. They are good at multitasking while paying detailed attention to each task. Additionally they strengthen their math skills, listening skills, ability to focus, problem-solving skills, reading and vocabulary in their native language, and their memory increases. In the area of math, a study done at the University of Washington shows that bilinguals solve new math problems half a second faster than monolinguals. Language learning also has huge benefits for old age. Brian Gold of the University of Kentucky did a study comparing the ability of bilingual seniors and monolingual seniors to do an attention-switching task. Usually this skill fails with age. However the bilingual seniors performed better than the monolinguals, and their brains worked less hard and more efficiently. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) think that having more brainpower at an older age helps protect us from Alzheimer’s. Current medication for Alzheimer’s only delays it for 6-12 months, while learning a new language delays it for 4-5 years. Again, this is not only for people who learn a second language from birth. Even if you don’t learn another language until after middle age it helps. Language learning keeps your brain active and “fit”. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Being bilingual, though once considered to be a barrier to brain development, is known to benefit those speaking two languages from birth, enhancing perception, and those learning another language later in life, improving their memories and various other skills. It also has long-term benefits for the old, keeping their brain active in thinking. 【分析】这是一篇概要写作。本文是说明文，主要介绍了双语的好处。 【详解】概要写作基本按照两步走，一是解读文本，二是遣词成文。①解读文本，梳理主旨。本文的体裁是说明文，介绍了双语的好处。结合说明文文体特点，将主题句直观归纳法和关键词整合归纳法相结合，对文本的主旨大意进行梳理解读。 文章第一部分（第1段）介绍了对双语现象过去和现在的研究情况的介绍。通过整合关键词at one time, slow down ,brain development, now, many benefits.可归纳出段落大意：Bilingual, once considered to be a barrier to brain development, is now known to have many benefits. 第二部分（第2段，第3段，第4段，第5段，第6段）描述了双语的好处。第2段谈到了对孩子的好处。通过整合关键词：babies, exposed to two languages before birth, don’t confuse the languages, improves perception可以归纳出段落大意：Babies involved in two languages before birth don’t confuse the languages, but also improve their perception.第3段通过关键词aren’t only for, anyone, have certain advantages可以归纳段落大意：The benefits is also helpful to people learning a second language.第4段，结合首句可以得出段意：Learners not only grows the brains, but also improve in many areas. 第5段，首句为中心句，所以段意为 Language learning also has huge benefits for old age.第6段，末句为总结句，所以段意可以概括为：Language learning keeps your brain active and “fit” ②遣词成文。综上描述，双语的好处应该从孩子出生后的认知，对第二语言的学习，对生活，对老人的帮助四个方面来描述总结。 IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．他的不负责行为给我们的团队合作造成了严重挑战。 (pose) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】His irresponsible behavior posed serious challenges to our teamwork. 【详解】考查短语和时态。“他的不负责行为”翻译为His irresponsible behavior，在句中作主语；“给……造成……”用短语pose... to...；“严重挑战”翻译为serious challenge；“我们的团队”翻译为our teamwork。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故翻译为His irresponsible behavior posed serious challenges to our teamwork. 53．当你不知如何使用微波炉时请参考用户手册。 (refer) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When you don’t know how to use the microwave oven, please refer to the user manual. 【详解】考查祈使句、固定短语和名词。“当……时”可用when引导时间状语从句，描述一般性情况或建议，用一般现在时；“你”为you，作从句主语；“不知如何做某事”可译为don’t know how to do sth.；“使用微波炉”可译为use the microwave oven；“请参考用户手册”用祈使句，省略主语，直接以动词原形开头，“参考”为refer to，“用户手册”为the user manual。故整句话可译为When you don’t know how to use the microwave oven, please refer to the user manual. 54．无论是对宇宙奥秘的渴望，还是对深海未知生物的好奇，人类从未停止过挑战自然边界。 (desire) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whether it is the desire for the mysteries of the universe or the curiosity about unknown creatures in the deep sea, humanity has never stopped challenging the boundaries of nature. 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。根据中文提示可知，表示“无论是对宇宙奥秘的渴望，还是对深海未知生物的好奇”应用whether it is the desire for the mysteries of the universe or the curiosity about unknown creatures in the deep sea，这里时态应用一般现在时表示客观情况，其中Whether...or...，为固定句型，表“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句， the desire for，表“对……渴望”，the curiosity about，表“对……好奇”，均为固定搭配；表示“人类从未停止过挑战自然边界”应用humanity has never stopped challenging the boundaries of nature，时态用现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响，其中stop doing，表“停止做某事”， the boundary of ，表“……的边界”，均为固定搭配。故翻译为Whether it is the desire for the mysteries of the universe or the curiosity about unknown creatures in the deep sea, humanity has never stopped challenging the boundaries of nature. 55．正是这种对文化遗产的坚守，让这个社区在现代化浪潮中依然保留着传统建筑，甚至吸引了全球科学家的关注。（It）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is this commitment to cultural heritage that has enabled the community to preserve its traditional architecture amid the wave of modernization, and even attracted the attention of scientists around the world. 【详解】考查强调句、动词短语和时态。根据句意，该句使用强调句型“it is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分”对“这种对文化遗产的坚守”进行强调，本句描述的是客观上事实，所以使用一般现在时，谓语动词使用is，位于句首单词首字母需大写；被强调部分“正是这种对文化遗产的坚守”译为this commitment to cultural heritage作主语；表示“让这个社区保留着传统建筑”使用动词短语 enable sb. to do sth.，主语为this commitment to cultural heritage，根据语境，此处表示对现在造成的影响，使用现在完成时，所以谓语动词为has enabled，“这个社区”为 the community作宾语，“保留传统建筑”为 preserve its traditional architecture使用动词不定式形式作宾补；表示“在现代化浪潮中”为介词短语 amid the wave of modernization 作状语；表示“甚至吸引了全球科学家的关注”为并列谓语，“吸引某人的关注”为 attract the attention of sb.，“全球科学家”为 scientists around the world，该句与 has enabled共用主语，所以译为 and even attracted the attention of scientists around the world。故翻译为 It is this commitment to cultural heritage that has enabled the community to preserve its traditional architecture amid the wave of modernization, and even attracted the attention of scientists around the world. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 5月12日是全国防灾减灾日（National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day）, 每年学校都会组织疏散演练（evacuation drill）, 但是大部分学生对此不够重视, 参与度不高。为完善现有活动, 学校正在向全体同学征集建议。假设你是该校的学生李明, 请你写一封信给学校, 信中需包括: 1. 简述疏散演练中的2点不足之处; 2. 提供相应的完善建议, 并分析其预计效果。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear School Administration,       I’m Li Ming, a student at our school. I’m writing to share my thoughts on enhancing our evacuation drills. Currently, there are two significant issues. Firstly, the drills follow a fixed routine every year. Students just line up and walk out quickly, regarding it as a tiresome task rather than a life-saving practice. Secondly, we rarely receive any feedback after the drills. Without understanding our mistakes, we can’t improve our emergency response skills.       To address these problems, I have two suggestions. First, we could vary the drill scenarios, such as simulating a gas leak or a night-time evacuation, which would make the drills more challenging and engaging. Second, teachers should hold a brief meeting after each drill to analyze our performance, showing us what we did wrong and how to do better. This way, students will take the drills more seriously and truly learn how to protect ourselves in disasters. Sincerely, Li Ming 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就为完善学校现有疏散演练活动提出建议。其内容包括：述疏散演练中的2点不足之以及提供相应的完善建议，并分析其预计效果。 【详解】1.词汇积累 目前：currently→at present 重要的：significant→important 首先：firstly→to begin with 解决：address→solve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to share my thoughts on enhancing our evacuation drills. 拓展句：I’m writing to share my thoughts on how we can enhance our evacuation drills. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Students just line up and walk out quickly, regarding it as a tiresome task rather than a life-saving practice.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】First, we could vary the drill scenarios, such as simulating a gas leak or a night-time evacuation, which would make the drills more challenging and engaging.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $