Unit 4 Eat Well 单元语法：选择疑问句+名词的单复数（精讲）-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册单元知识点精讲精练（新教材人教版）

七年级下册 Unit4 Eat Well 人教版初中英语 语法专项 1 人教版7下（单元） 语法点 Unit 1 Animal Friends *特殊疑问词 why, what 和 where *可数名词单复数 Unit 2 No Rules, No Order! *情态动词 can *祈使句 Unit 3 Keep Fit *频率副词 *物主代词 Unit 4 Eat Well *选择疑问句 *名词的单复数 Unit 5 Here and now *现在进行时1 Unit 6 Rain or Shine *现在进行时2 *现在进行时VS 一般现在时 Unit 7 A day to remember *一般过去时 Unit 8 Once upon a time *一般现在时VS一般过去时 2 1. 选择疑问句 2. 名词的单复数 CONTENTS PART ONE 选择疑问句 选择疑问句 　选择疑问句是指提出两种或两种以上的情况，让对方从中选择一种进行回答的疑问句。 选择疑问句主要有两种结构：一种是以一般疑问句为基础，用 or 连接不同的选择对象；另一种是以特殊疑问句为基础，在句末用 or 连接不同的选择项。 5 以一般疑问句为基础 Do you like apples or bananas? 你喜欢苹果还是香蕉？ Is this pen yours or his? 这支钢笔是你的还是他的？ Can you swim or skate? 你会游泳还是滑冰？ Are they in the classroom or on the playground? 他们在教室里还是在操场上？ 6 以特殊疑问句为基础 Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? 你更喜欢哪一个，茶还是咖啡？ Where will you go, Beijing or Shanghai? 你要去哪里，北京还是上海？ What do you want, a pen or a pencil? 你想要什么，钢笔还是铅笔？ When will you leave, today or tomorrow? 你什么时候离开，今天还是明天？ 7 选择疑问句的回答 基本回答规则：不用：Yes / No 直接用选择的名词 或完整句子。 一般疑问句型的回答 Do you like cats or dogs? 你喜欢猫还是狗？ → I like dogs. / Dogs. Is he tall or short? 他高还是矮？ → He is tall. / Tall. Can you sing or dance? 你会唱歌还是跳舞？ → I can dance. / Dance. 8 选择疑问句的回答 基本回答规则：不用：Yes / No 直接用选择的名词 或完整句子。 特殊疑问句型的回答 Which do you like, red or blue? 你喜欢哪个，红色还是蓝色？ → I like red. / Red. Where will you go, Beijing or Tianjin? 你要去哪里，北京还是天津？ → I will go to Beijing. / Beijing. What do you want, milk or juice? 你想要什么，牛奶还是果汁？ → Milk, please. / I want milk. 9 回答选择疑问句时，通常在给出的选项中选择其一作答，有时也可根据实际情况灵活回答。不能用 Yes 或 No 回答，一般使用完整的陈述句，也可使用省略主语和谓语的简略形式。 Can you play basketball or football? 你会打篮球还是踢足球？ → I can play basketball.（完整） → Basketball.（简略） Is your bag blue or black? 你的书包是蓝色的还是黑色的？ → It‘s black.（完整） → Black.（简略） Do you like English or math? 你喜欢英语还是数学？ → I like English.（完整） → English.（简略） Where will you go, the park or the zoo? 你要去哪里，公园还是动物园？ → I will go to the park.（完整）→ The park.（简略） 10 1、一般疑问句+or+另一个备选对象 Can you speak English or Japanese?（备选对象为二者） Are you in Class One or Class Two?（备选对象为二者） Do you want to play football, basketball or volleyball?（备选对象为三者） 2、特殊疑问句+or+另一个备选对象 What do you like to eat, bread or noodles?（备选对象为二者） Who is your teacher, Miss Li or Mr. Wang?（备选对象为二者） Which season do you like best, spring, summer or autumn?（备选对象为三者） 选择疑问句小结 PART TWO 名词的单复数 名词的分类 类别 定义 常见例子 专有名词 表示特定的人、地方、机构、节日、月份、星期等，独一无二，首字母大写 Tom, China, Beijing, Monday, January, the Great Wall 普通名词 表示一类人、事物、物质或抽象概念的统称 student, tree, water, love 按词汇意义分类 普 通 名 词 类别 定义 例子 个体名词 单个的人或事物 pen, dog, boy, city 集体名词 若干个体组成的集合体 family, class, team, group 物质名词 无法分为个体的物质、材料 water, rice, milk, paper, wood 抽象名词 表示状态、品质、情感、概念等抽象含义 time, health, friendship, idea 13 名词的分类 按可数性分类（考试重点） 类别 核心特点 常见类型 典型例子 用法说明 可数名词 1. 可以用数字计数 2. 有单数、复数两种形式 3. 单数可直接用 a/an 修饰 1. 人或动物 2. 具体物品 3. 地点 / 交通工具 boy, girl, dog pen, bag, apple bus, park, city 单数：a book, an egg 复数：books, eggs 不可数名词 1. 不能直接用数字计数 2. 一般没有复数 3. 不能直接加 a/an 1. 液体 / 食物 2. 材料 / 自然现象 3. 抽象概念 / 信息 water, milk, bread wood, sand, weather news, advice, fun 只能说：some water 不能说：a water, two waters 14 可数名词:可以和不定冠词 a(an)或数词连用，有单数和复数的变化。 a teacher 一位老师；an egg 一个鸡蛋；two farmers 两个农民 可数名词的基本用法 项目 单数可数名词 复数可数名词 常用修饰词 a/an, this, that, one, my/his these, those, many, some, any, 数词 谓语动词 用单数（is /has/does） 用复数（are /have/do） 肯定句 This is a/an + 单数名词 These are + 复数名词 否定句 This isn't a/an + 单数名词 These aren't + 复数名词 一般疑问句 Is this a/an…? Are these…? 简略回答 Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. 例句 This is an apple. These are apples. 2. 不可数名词:是指那些通常不以个体形式存在，因此不能与不定冠词“a”或“an”连用，也不受数词直接修饰的名词。 可数名词的基本用法 项目 不可数名词 含义 通常不以个体形式存在，无法按个数直接计数 常用修饰词 不能用 a/an、数词（one/two）；可用 some/any/much/a lot of 谓语动词 一律用单数形式（is /has/does） 肯定句 主语 + is + 不可数名词 否定句 主语 + isn't + 不可数名词 一般疑问句 Is + 主语 + 不可数名词？ 简略回答 Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. 例句 This is bread. / Water is important. 可数名词的复数变化规则 1. 一般情况: 直接在词尾加 -s book → books，pen → pens，map → maps 2. 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾: 词尾加 -es bus → buses，box → boxes，watch → watches 3. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾: 变 y 为 i，再加 -es city → cities，baby → babies，family → families 4. 以 “元音字母 + y” 结尾: 直接加 -s boy → boys，day → days，toy → toys 17 可数名词的复数变化规则 5. 以 f /fe 结尾: 多数变 f/fe 为 ves。 例：knife → knives，leaf → leaves，wife → wives 6. 以 o 结尾: 有生命的事物加 -es；无生命的事物加 -s。 例：potato → potatoes，hero → heroes photo → photos，radio → radios 7. 不规则变化: 需要特殊记忆： man → men woman → women child → children foot → feet tooth → teeth sheep → sheep（单复数同形） 18 中文翻译 你想在餐中选择哪一种，米饭还是面条？ 请给我面条！ 你想要果汁还是咖啡？ 不，谢谢。我想要一杯茶。 你早上通常吃什么？ 我通常吃一些面包和牛奶，有时候是鸡蛋和豆子。 课本 练一练 19 课本 练一练 fish bill chips noodles rice chicken 20 课本练一练 vegetables sweets strawberries sugar water milk 我尽量每天吃健康食品。我每餐都吃水果和蔬菜。我不吃甜的。相反，我吃一个梨，一根香蕉或一些草莓。我喜欢果汁，但我妈妈说喝太多果汁不好，它通常含有很多糖分，现在我尽量多喝水和牛奶。 21 单项选择 1．—Would you like to dance to disco or play the piano at the party? —________. I like dancing. A．Yes, I’d like to B．Dance to disco C．Play the piano D．Neither of them 2．—Do you want to go to Hainan or Xizang for the coming holiday?   —________. A．No, I don’t B．Yes, I do C．That’s a good idea D．I want to go to Hainan 3．—Do you usually take a walk or do your homework after dinner?   —________. A．Yes, I take a walk B．None of them C．No, I play with my pet D．Take a walk 4．—Does your sister have black hair or brown hair?   —________. A．No, blonde hair B．Black hair C．Yes, she has black hair D．No, she has blonde hair 5．—Would you like some beef or some mutton? —________ A．Yes, I would. B．Yes, please. C．Yes, some beef. D．Some beef, please. 拓展练一练 22 单项选择 6．—Do you want to eat Sichuan food or Shanghai food? —________. I like sweet food. A．Shanghai food B．Yes, I do C．No, I don’t 7．—Does your uncle live in England or America?   —________. He lives in London. A．In England B．In America C．Yes, he does D．No, he doesn’t 8．—________ do you like better, the blue shirt or the orange shirt? —The blue one. It looks nice. A．Which B．How C．What’s D．What colour 9．—________ would you like to buy for your family, Nanjing Salted Duck or Yuhua Tea? —Yuhua Tea. All of my family members love drinking tea. A．Which B．Where C．What D．When 10．—Do you like listening to music or playing chess? —________________. A．Yes, I like listening to music B．No, I don’t like playing chess C．Play chess D．Listening to music 拓展练一练 23 单项选择 11．—Does your brother have curly hair or straight hair? —________. But my hair is straight. A．Yes, he does B．No, he doesn’t C．He has curly hair D．He is tall 12．—Do you have a big or a small family? —________. There are only three people in my family. A．Yes, I do B．I have a small family C．No, I don’t D．I have a big family. 13．Cathy, does your father work in a hospital ________ a school? A．or B．but C．and 14．—What size pizza would you like, small or medium? —________. A．Small, please B．Size 8, please C．Sorry, I don’t know D．Thank you 15．What ________ you ________ to drink, juice or milk? A．does; like B．are; liking C．would; like D．will; like 拓展练一练 24 单项选择 16．—Which day shall we choose to hold the concert, Sunday or Monday? —________. We won’t have classes this weekend. A．Monday B．Yes C．Sunday D．No 17．—Is he a doctor ________ a teacher?   —________. A．or; Yes, he is a doctor B．and; Yes, he is C．or; He is a doctor D．and; He is 18．—Which coat do you like, the red one or the pink one? —________ A．I like apples. B．I like the red one. C．She likes the pink one. 19．—Would you like to eat pizza or hamburgers for dinner? —________. A．Yes, please B．No, thanks C．Pizza, please D．You’re welcome 20．—Do you like red or black, Li Ming? —______. We usually see this color during the Spring Festival (春节). A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Red D．Black 拓展练一练 25 单项选择 21．—What’s that in English?    —________. A．It’s a green. B．It’s white pens. C．It’s an UFO. D．It’s a cup. 22．—What is your biggest ________? —I hope to become a scientist and help my country. A．dream B．dreams C．a dream D．the dream 23．—What’s in the picture, Peter? —Some ________. They are cute. A．sheep B．cow C．duck D．chicken 24．Some ________ live in the wild forest near the village. A．goose B．geese C．drum D．tower 25．There are twenty ________ on the farm. A．sheep B．cow C．horse D．chicken 拓展练一练 26 单项选择 26．We need to learn more ________ to improve our communication, as words are the basic building blocks of language. A．word B．words C．grammar D．pronunciation 27．We should follow ______ to keep safe. A．the rule B．rule C．the rules 8．My mother bought three ________ of milk and two ________ of eggs yesterday. A．bottle; kilo B．bottles; kilos C．bottle; kilos D．bottles; kilo We need a ________ and some tomatoes to make dinner. A．onion B．carrot C．mutton D．eggs 28．—What did you see on that farm, Peter? —Some ________. They were cute. A．sheep B．mouse C．snake D．chicken 拓展练一练 27 THE END 人教版初中英语 语法专项 28 $