Unit 5 Languages Around the World Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句填空 1.It is so good to hear my native t　　　　　 spoken here in the UK.  2.I struggled 　　　　　　(keep) calm when I was faced with emergencies.  3.The recent landslide caused great damage to his two a　　　　　 he bought last year.  4.In the first two 　　　　　　(学期),she widened her knowledge by reading more classics. 5.I 　　　　　　(恳求) my partner to supply me with some advanced equipment and he agreed. Ⅱ.把下列句子合并为定语从句 1.This is the humorous guy.I often talk about him with you. →　　　　   2.I will show you the book.In the book I found the answer. →　　　　   3.There came a day.The rain fell at last then. →　　　　   4.In our school,there is a science club.We can do science experiments at the club. →　　　　   Ⅲ.语段填空 Dear Tom, How are you going these days?I’m writing to tell you about our school’s Sports Club,1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动).  The Sports Club is located in our school’s gym,2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(在体育俱乐部学生可以锻炼或者练习他们的技能).At weekends,it is available for all students 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).The reason 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们为什么喜欢体育俱乐部) is that it enriches our campus life.  All in all,all of us can work out for half an hour every day,5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(通过锻炼我们可以增强我们的体质).  Yours sincerely, Li Hua 二、能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2025山东济南高一学情检测) Around one million cuneiform tablets(楔形文字泥板) have been found worldwide,on which cunei-form—the oldest known form of writing—was carved.Deciphering(破译) those cuneiform tablets helps know about the incredible stories of men,women and children in the early period of history.However,they are heavily weathered and thus difficult to decipher. A new artificial intelligence(AI) software is now able to explain difficult-to-read texts.It was developed by a team from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and Mainz University of Applied Sciences. Hubert Mara,a professor at MLU,and his research team came up with the idea of developing an AI system that applied 3D models.Instead of photos,the researchers first used 3D models of nearly 2,000 cuneiform tablets,including around 50 from a collection at MLU,achieving significantly more dependable results than previous methods. The new system deciphers characters better than previous methods.In principle,the AI system works along the same lines as OCR software,which turns the images of writing and text into machine-readable text.“OCR usually works with photographs.This is no problem for ink on paper.In the case of cuneiform tablets,however,things are more difficult because the lighting conditions greatly influence how well certain characters can be recognized,” explains Mara. The team trained the new AI software and did succeed in recognizing the symbols on the tablets.“We were surprised to find that our system works so well with these tablets,which are heavily weathered,” says Mara. The work by the researchers makes a major step forward in the study of ancient writing systems and opens up many new lines of scientific exploration.Up until now,it can only translate symbols from two languages.However,a total of twelve cuneiform languages are known to exist.In the future,the software could also help to decipher weathered inscriptions(碑文),for example in cemeteries,which are three-dimensional like cuneiform. 1.What do we know about cuneiform tablets? A.They are greatly damaged over time. B.They record many prehistoric stories. C.They show big progress in writing. D.They are quite small in number. 2.What is special about the new AI system? A.It uses OCR software. B.It is based on 3D models. C.It can translate 12 languages. D.It can turn texts into symbols. 3.What would be the best title for the text? A.3D models are useful in researches B.OCR software deciphered cuneiform C.AI software helps read ancient symbols D.Scientists use AI to find cuneiform tablets Ⅴ.七选五 Speed reading is a skill that allows people to process information quickly with skimming techniques.　1　 Here’re some efficient speed reading techniques.  Talk to yourself less and avoid sounding out each word.　2　 This may help readers remember concepts but can also be a major barrier to speed.Keep in mind that you don’t need to read every single word to understand the sentence’s overall meaning.  Cover words you’ve already read with a card.When you’re reading,your eyes can move back to earlier words.These are typically short habitual movements that don’t improve understanding or speed.Use a card to cover words right after you’ve read them.　3　  Move your eyes less as you read.While reading,your eyes move,stopping on some words and skipping others.However,you can only comprehend what you’re reading when your eyes stop moving.Learning to move your eyes less can help you read faster.So try staring at one line at a time without gliding your eyes over the words. 　4　 Track your progress by timing yourself daily,or each time you do a speed reading exercise.Not only does trying to beat your best speed motivate you,but it can also give you a goal to work towards.  Set obtainable goals to improve your speed reading.Aim to work on your speed reading daily by completing speed reading exercises.200 to 250 words per minute is the expected reading speed for someone 12 or older.　5　 At 450 words per minute,you’re reading as fast as a college student skimming for the main points.It typically takes 2 to 4 weeks to double your reading speed,so be patient with yourself and keep trying.  A.Point to the words you’re reading on the page. B.So,how do you learn and master this amazing skill? C.Time your reading speed so you can track your progress. D.Some readers sound out every word they read in their heads. E.This way,you can train yourself not to look back at previous sentences. F.300 words per minute is the reading speed of the average college student. G.Reading can seem like such a chore,especially because it can take so long. Ⅵ.完形填空 One year ago,I paid no attention to English idioms(习语),though my teacher told me about them again and again.But soon,the 　1　 of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.  One day,I 　2　 to meet an Englishman on the road,and soon we began to talk.As I was talking about how I was studying English,the 　3　 seemed to be surprised.Gently shaking his 　4　,shrugging(耸) his shoulders,he said,“You don’t say!” I was 　5　.I thought perhaps this was not a proper 　6　.I had better change it.So I said to him,“Have you ever been to the Great Wall?” “Certainly!It was amazing.Everyone back home will 　7　 me if I leave China without seeing it.” I continued,“The Great Wall is one of the 　8　 in the world.We are very proud of it.” But soon,“You don’t say!” came to my ears again.I couldn’t 　9　 asking,“Why do you ask me not to talk about it?” “Well,I didn’t ask you to do so,” he answered,　10　 surprised.I said,“Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say!’?” 　11　 this,the Englishman laughed to tears.He began to 　12　,“‘You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really!’It is a(n)　13　 of surprise.Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I know I had made a 　14　 of myself.Since then I have been more 　15　 with idiomatic expressions.  1.A.effect B.difference C.importance D.source 2.A.used B.expected C.happened D.refused 3.A.foreigner B.teacher C.student D.partner 4.A.hand B.arm C.head D.body 5.A.worried B.uneasy C.curious D.confused 6.A.style B.topic C.opinion D.task 7.A.laugh at B.ran after C.rely on D.refer to 8.A.works B.wonders C.choices D.examples 9.A.help B.admit C.regret D.allow 10.A.naturally B.purposely C.hardly D.greatly 11.A.Finding B.Feeling C.Hearing D.Noticing 12.A.request B.explain C.complain D.determine 13.A.problem B.expression C.goal D.recognition 14.A.sense B.sign C.mess D.fool 15.A.satisfied B.annoyed C.anxious D.careful Ⅶ.语法填空 (2025福建福州高一开学联考) Learning a foreign language is a challenging task,1.　　　　　　 it can also be a very enjoyable experience.Here are a few 2.　　　　　　(tip) on how to learn a foreign language well.Firstly,work on your own pace.You’ll find 3.　　　　　　 more effective to study for half an hour rather than try to do a whole unit at once.Secondly,use language 4. 　　　　　(communicate).Don’t worry about 5.　　　　　　(get)things wrong.The important thing is to build up your 6.　　　　　　(confident)in speaking.Thirdly,build up your vocabulary.You should learn vocabulary by topics or in sentences,7. 　　　　 is very effective.Besides,get 8.　　　　　(use) to hearing everyday language at normal speed.Listening to the course recordings 9.　　　　　　(frequent) is a good choice.And above all,have fun 10.　　　　　　(learn) language.  知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.efficient adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　→efficiency n.　　　　　　　　　　　  2.typically adv.　　　　　　　　　　→typical adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  3.comprehend v.　　　　　　　　　　→comprehensive adj.　　　　　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.weather　本文义:v.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　其他义:n.　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.time　本文义:v.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　其他义:n.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.come up with the idea　　　　　　　　　  2.laugh to tears　　　　　　　　　　　  四、经典句式背诵 Not only does trying to beat your best speed motivate you,but it can also give you a goal to work towards.(not only...but also...句型中not only放于句首,句子用倒装形式) 句意:    参考答案 Ⅰ.1.tongue　2.to keep　3.apartments　4.semesters　5.begged Ⅱ.1.This is the humorous guy about whom I often talk with you. 2.I will show you the book in which/where I found the answer. 3.There came a day when the rain fell at last. 4.In our school,there is a science club where/at which we can do science experiments. Ⅲ.1.which often organizes various activities for us students　2.where students can take exercise or practise their skills　3.who are interested in sports events　4.why we like the Sports Club　5.through which we can strengthen our body Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由马丁·路德大学哈勒-维滕贝格分校和美因茨应用科技大学的一个团队开发的一种新的人工智能软件可以破译被严重风化的楔形文字泥板上的两种文字的事情。 1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,they are heavily weathered and thus difficult to decipher.”可知,楔形文字泥板随着时间流逝被严重地破坏了。故选A项。 2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Instead of photos,the researchers first used 3D models of nearly 2,000 cuneiform tablets,including around 50 from a collection at MLU,achieving significantly more dependable results than previous methods.”可推知,新的AI系统的特别之处是它基于3D模型。故选B项。 3.C　主旨大意题。根据第二段中“A new artificial intelligence(AI) software is now able to explain difficult-to-read texts.”可知,本文主要介绍了人工智能软件帮助阅读古代楔形文字的事情。故选C项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了掌握和提高速读技能的一些有效的技巧。 1.B　上文“Speed reading is a skill that allows people to process information quickly with skimming techniques.”解释什么是速读:一种让人们通过略读技巧快速处理信息的技能;结合下文“Here’re some efficient speed reading techniques.”可知,设空处为过渡句,起到承上启下的作用,与速读技能的学习有关;B选项符合语境,选项中的“this amazing skill”指代上文中的“a skill that allows people to process information quickly with skimming techniques”,下文则承接B选项这个问句,引出文章主题:介绍有效的速读技巧。故选B项。 2.D　根据上文(本段主旨句)“Talk to yourself less and avoid sounding out each word.”以及下文“This may help readers remember concepts but can also be a major barrier to speed.”可知,该空应为一种与把每个单词都读出来有关的做法;D选项符合语境,选项中的“sound out every word”与上文中的“sounding out each word”相照应。 3.E　该段主题句“Cover words you’ve already read with a card. ”以及上文“Use a card to cover words right after you’ve read them.”建议用卡片把读过的词盖住;E选项承接上文,阐述用卡片把读过的单词盖住的益处,符合语境;“This way”指代上句建议的做法,“look back at previous sentences”与本段中的“your eyes can move back to earlier words”相照应。 4.C　该空是段落的主题句。根据下文“Track your progress by timing yourself daily,or each time you do a speed reading exercise.Not only does trying to beat your best speed motivate you,but it can also give you a goal to work towards.”可知,本段建议通过每天或每次做速读时计时来记录自己的进步。C选项能够概括本段主旨,适合作为主题句。 5.F　由上文“200 to 250 words per minute is the expected reading speed for someone 12 or older.”以及下文“At 450 words per minute,you’re reading as fast as a college student skimming for the main points.”可推知,设空处与上文构成递进关系,阐述的阅读速度介于上下文之间;F选项符合语境。 Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者由于没有意识到习语的重要性,在一次与外国友人的交流中出了洋相。由此作者意识到在学习英语的过程中应该关注英语俗语的表达。 1.C　根据上文“One year ago,I paid no attention to English idioms...”和句中“But soon...”可知,上下文之间是转折关系,说明作者之前不重视英语习语,但后来认识到它的重要性并开始重视。故选C项。 2.C　根据句中“an Englishman on the road”可推知,作者之前不认识这个英国人,他们只是碰巧遇到。故选C项。 3.A　根据上文“One day,I 　　　to meet an Englishman on the road...”可知,作者是与外国人交谈,故是外国人感觉很惊讶。故选A项。  4.C　根据上文“be surprised”和句中“shaking”可知,外国人感到惊讶,摇头表示不赞同作者的做法。故选C项。 5.D　根据下文“But soon,‘You don’t say!’ came to my ears again.I couldn’t 　　　asking,‘Why do you ask me not to talk about it?’”可知,作者不理解“You don’t say!”的意思,感到很困惑。故选D项。  6.B　根据下文“I had better change it.”可知,作者以为自己选择的谈话话题不合适,决定换一个。故选B项。 7.A　结合常识和句中“if I leave China without seeing it” 可知,如果外国人来中国没去长城,会被家里人笑话。laugh at嘲笑;run after追逐;rely on依靠;refer to提到。故选A项。 8.B　结合常识和句中“The Great Wall”可知,长城是世界上的奇迹之一。故选B项。 9.A　根据上文“But soon ‘You don’t say!’ came to my ears again.”和句中“Why do you ask me not to talk about it?”可知,作者对于外国友人一直说“You don’t say!”不理解,故禁不住问原因。couldn’t help doing sth“禁不住做某事”。故选A项。 10.D　根据上文“Why do you ask me not to talk about it?”和“‘Well,I didn’t ask you to do so,’he answered...”可知,作者问外国人为什么不让自己谈论这个话题,外国人非常惊讶地回答他没有不让作者说这个话题。故选D项。 11.C　根据上文“Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say!’?”和句中“the Englishman laughed to tears”可知,英国人听了作者的回答后笑得流泪。故选C项。 12.B　根据句中“‘You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really’!It is a(n) 　　　of surprise.”可知,英国人给作者解释了什么是“You don’t say!”。故选B项。  13.B　根据上文“You don’t say!”可知,这是英语的俗语表达。故选B项。 14.D　根据上文“‘You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really!’It is a(n) 　　　of surprise.Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.”可知,作者不知道这句英语俗语的真正含义,出了洋相。make a fool of oneself“出洋相;出丑”。故选D项。  15.D　根据上文“Only then did I know I had made a 　　　of myself.”可知,作者在知道自己出洋相后,会对英语俗语的使用更加小心。故选D项。  Ⅶ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何学好一门外语。 1.but　考查连词。分析句子的逻辑关系可知,前后句为转折关系,故填but。 2.tips　考查名词的数。名词tip为可数名词,此处被a few所修饰,应用复数形式,故填tips。 3.it　考查代词。此处it为形式宾语,动词不定式短语to study for half an hour为真正的宾语,故填it。 4.to communicate　考查不定式。此处作目的状语,应用动词不定式,故填to communicate。 5.getting　考查非谓语动词。介词about后应使用动词-ing形式,故填getting。 6.confidence　考查名词。形容词性物主代词your修饰名词,作动词短语build up的宾语,故填confidence。 7.which　考查定语从句。先行词为主句,关系词在非限制性定语从句中充当主语,应用which,故填which。 8.used　考查固定短语。短语get used to doing sth为固定搭配,表示“习惯于做某事”,故填used。 9.frequently　考查副词。设空处修饰动词短语listen to,故应用副词形式,故填frequently。 10.learning　考查固定短语。短语have fun doing为固定搭配,表示“愉快地做某事”。故填learning。 知识积累卡 一、1.生效的,效率高的;(人)有能力的,能胜任的　效率,效能　2.典型地;一般,通常　典型的;平常的;象征性的　3.理解,领悟;包括,包含　综合性的,全面的;有理解力的 二、1.(受风吹雨打而)(使)褪色,(使)风化　天气;恶劣天气　2.为……安排时间;为……计时　时间;时刻;时候;次;倍 三、1.想出了这个主意　2.笑得流泪 四、努力超越你的最佳速度不仅能激励你,还能给你一个努力的目标。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $