Unit 4 课时2 Section A 2a-2d（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 课时2 Section A (2a-2d) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 dive v. & n. 潜水；跳水 research v. & n. 研究；调查 deep adj. 深的 depth n. 深度 unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的 bottom n. 底部 ocean n. 海洋 creature n.生物 rubbish n. 垃圾 pressure n. 压力 短语 dive into 潜入 the bottom of 在…… 底部 deep sea 深海 ocean floor 海底 deep-sea researcher 深海研究者 create light 发光 high pressure 高压 protect the deep sea 保护深海 句型 1. Why are so many countries researching the deep sea? 2. Some animals are blind, but they can “see” as well as others. 3. There is rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep. 一、单词默写（根据音标写单词） 1. ______ /daɪv/v. & n. 潜水；跳水 2. ______ /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/v. & n. 研究；调查 3. ______ /diːp/adj. 深的 4.______ /ˈʌnˈjuːʒuəl/adj. 特别的；不寻常的 5. ______ /ˈbɒtəm/n. 底部 6. ______ /ˈəʊʃən/n. 海洋 7. ______ /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/n. 生物 8. ______ /ˈrʌbɪʃ/n. 垃圾 【答案】1.dive 2. research 3. deep 4. unusual 5. bottom 6. ocean 7. creature 8. rubbish 二、词组默写 1. 潜入深海 ____________________ 2. 在…… 底部 ____________________ 3. 深海 ____________________ 4. 海底 ____________________ 5. 深海研究者 ___________________ 6. 发光 ____________________ 7. 高压 ____________________ 8. 保护深海 ____________________ 9. 下潜深度 ____________________ 10. 不寻常的能力 ____________________ 【答案】1. dive into the deep sea；2. at the bottom of； 3. deep sea； 4. ocean floor； 5. deep-sea researcher；6. create light；7. high pressure；8. protect the deep sea; 9. dive depth 10. unusual ability 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. 很多国家正在研究深海。 Many countries are ______ ______ ______ ______. 2. 海底有很多奇特的生物。 There are many strange creatures ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 有些深海动物是盲的，但它们能和其他动物一样 “看见”。 Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can “see” ______ ______ ______ others. 4. 奋斗者号在 2020 年潜入了马里亚纳海沟。 Fendouzhe ______ ______ the Mariana Trench in 2020. 5. 甚至在 11000 米深的地方都有垃圾。 There is rubbish even ______ ______ ______ ______. 6. 研究深海对人类很重要。 It is important for humans ______ ______ ______ ______. 7. 深海有巨大的压力。 The deep sea has ______ ______ ______. 8. 我们应该为保护深海做些事情。 We should ______ ______ ______ ______ the deep sea. 【答案】1. researching the deep sea; 2. at the bottom of the ocean ; 3. as well as; 4. dived into 5.at 11,000 meters deep; 6.to research the deep sea; 7. high pressure; 8. do something to protect 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The man ______ (dive) into the sea to save the boy yesterday. 2. Scientists are ______ (research) the secrets of the deep sea. 3. What is the ______ (deep) of the Mariana Trench? 4. There are many ______ (usual) plants in the deep sea. 5. At the ______ (bottom) of the ocean, there is no light. 6. Many ______ (creature) live in the dark deep sea. 7. Too much ______ (rubbish) pollutes the deep sea. 8. The ______ (press) is very high in the deep sea. 【答案】1. dived 2. researching 3. depth 4. unusual 5. bottom 6. creatures 7. rubbish 8. pressure 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 deep, research, dive, creature, bottom, unusual, light, rubbish, ocean, pressure The deep sea is one of the greatest wonders of nature. It is more than 200 meters 1.________ below the sea level. For thousands of years, people knew little about this hidden world because it is too hard to reach. With the development of technology, scientists began to 2.________ the deep sea carefully. In 2020, China’s manned submersible Fendouzhe successfully 3.________ to the Mariana Trench, the deepest place of the 4.________, reaching a depth of about 10,984 meters. At the 5.________ of the sea, the environment is very special. It is completely dark, extremely cold and full of high 6.________. However, there are still millions of 7.________ living there. Most of them have 8.________ abilities to live in such hard conditions. Some can produce 9.________ by themselves, while some are blind but have strong ability to feel the world around them. Sadly, human activities bring trouble to the deep sea. 10.________ can be found even at 11,000 meters deep, which shocks many scientists. It is our duty to protect the deep sea and keep its ecosystem balanced. This amazing world is not only a treasure of nature but also an important part of our planet. 【答案】1. deep 2. research 3. dived 4. ocean 5. bottom 6. pressure 7. creatures 8. unusual 9. light 10. rubbish 【导语】本文介绍了深海的环境、生物特点、中国奋斗者号的探索成就，以及深海污染与保护的重要性。 1.句意：它有 200 多米深。deep 深的。故填 deep。 2.句意：现在科学家开始研究它。begin to do sth. 用原形 research。故填 research。 3.句意：奋斗者号成功潜入马里亚纳海沟。2020 年用过去式 dived。故填 dived。 4.句意：海洋最深的地方。ocean 海洋。故填 ocean。 5.句意：在海底。at the bottom of。故填 bottom。 6.句意：有高压。high pressure。故填 pressure。 7.句意：但是许多生物仍然生活在这里。many 后用复数 creatures。故填 creatures。 8.句意：它们有不寻常的能力。unusual 不寻常的。故填 unusual。 9.句意：有些能自己发光。make light。故填 light。 10.句意：垃圾甚至到达 11000 米深。rubbish 垃圾。故填 rubbish。 6、 阅读还原。 The deep sea is a mysterious and amazing world that covers more than half of the Earth’s surface. 1.________ Most people know very little about it because it is too far and too hard to reach. The deep sea starts at 200 meters below the sea level, and the deepest point is the Mariana Trench. 2.________ Life in the deep sea is very different from that on land. There is no sunlight here, so it is very dark all year round. The water is icy cold, and the water pressure is so high that it can easily break common machines. 3.________ Some are small and look like stars, while some are 4.________ and have strange shapes. Many of them can make light by themselves, which makes the dark deep sea look like a sky full of stars. In recent years, China has made great progress in deep-sea exploration. 5.________ It has helped scientists collect samples and take clear photos of the deep-sea world. Now more and more people realize the importance of the deep sea and decide to protect it. A. It is more than 10,000 meters deep. B. Fendouzhe is a great Chinese manned submersible. C. But there are still many wonderful living things here. D. It is one of the most wonderful natural wonders on Earth. E. Some fish can live without eating for a long time. F. Some creatures are very large. 【答案】BACED 【解析】 1.答案 B 开头总述深海是自然奇观，引出下文。故选 B。 2.答案 A 前一句讲最深点是马里亚纳海沟，A 说明深度。故选 A。 3.答案 C 环境恶劣但仍有生物，构成转折。故选 C。 4.答案 E 后一句讲照亮黑暗，对应 “自己发光”。故选 E。 5.答案 D 前一句讲奋斗者号，D 介绍它。故选 D。 七、阅读理解。 The deep sea is one of the most amazing natural wonders on Earth. It is a world full of mysteries and surprises. The deep sea begins at 200 meters below the sea level, where sunlight can no longer reach. The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Trench, with a depth of about 10,984 meters. Living in the deep sea is very difficult. The environment is terrible: no sunlight, freezing cold water and very high water pressure. But surprisingly, there are still thousands of rare sea creatures living here. Many of them have special abilities to fit the hard environment. Some are blind but can feel food around them easily. Some can make their own light to attract small animals or find partners. China’s Fendouzhe manned submersible has made historic achievements in deep-sea exploration. In 2020, it completed several dives into the Mariana Trench and filmed the real deep-sea world for people. It also collected rocks, water and other samples for scientific research. However, the deep sea is facing serious pollution now. Rubbish from land is carried into the sea by rivers and tides, and it can reach even 11,000 meters deep. This rubbish hurts sea animals and breaks the natural balance. Scientists and environmentalists are calling on people to take action to protect the deep sea, so that this wonderful wonder of nature can stay safe and healthy. 1. How deep does the deep sea begin? A. At 100 meters below sea level. B. At 200 meters below sea level. C. At 1,000 meters below sea level. D. At 10,000 meters below sea level. 2. What is the deepest place on Earth? A. The Nile River. B. the Sahara Desert. C. The Mariana Trench. D. The Dead Sea. 3. What special ability do some deep-sea creatures have? A. They can run very fast on land. B. They can make their own light. C. They can fly in the sky. D. They can live without water. 4. When did Fendouzhe dive into the Mariana Trench many times? A. In 2018. B. In 2019. C. In 2020. D. In 2021. 5. Why is the deep sea in danger now? A. Because of serious rubbish pollution. B. Because there are too many animals. C. Because the water becomes warm. D. Because there is no sunlight. 【答案】BCBCA 【解析】 1.答案 B 文中明确提到 The deep sea begins at 200 meters below sea level。故选 B。 2.答案 C 文中提到 The deepest place is the Mariana Trench。故选 C。 3.答案 B 文中提到 Some can make light to attract small animals。故选 B。 4.答案 C 文中提到 In 2020, China’s Fendouzhe dived into the Mariana Trench many times。故选 C。 5.答案 A 文中提到 the deep sea is facing serious pollution... rubbish...。故选 A。 八、完形填空。 The deep sea is a wonderful and 1.________ world that few people have seen. It is 2.________ 200 meters under the sea, where sunlight can never come in. The deepest place of the Earth is the Mariana Trench, about 10,984 meters 3.. The environment here is very 4.—it is dark, cold and has extremely high water 5.________. 6.________, many amazing sea creatures still live here. They have developed 7________. abilities to live in such hard conditions. Some can 8.________ light by themselves, and some are blind but have a strong sense of touch. In 2020, China’s submersible Fendouzhe 9.________ into the Mariana Trench and helped people know more about this magic world. But now, the deep sea is 10.________ because of rubbish pollution. We must try our best to protect it. 1. A. boring B. amazing C. common D. dangerous 2. A. above B. below C. on D. at 3. A. deep B. long C. wide D. high 4. A. easy B. comfortable C. hard D. warm 5. A. light B. temperature C. pressure D. noise 6. A. So B. But C. Because D. If 7. A. usual B. unusual C. small D. big 8. A. make B. see C. hear D. feel 9. A. flew B. walked C. dived D. ran 10. A. safe B. healthy C. dangerous D. perfect 【答案】本文主要介绍深海环境、深海生物的特殊能力、中国奋斗者号的探索，以及深海污染与保护。 1.B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C 【解析】 1.句意：深海是奇妙的世界。amazing 奇妙的。故选 B。 2.句意：在海面下 200 米。below 在…… 下面。故选 B。 3.句意：约 10984 米深。deep 深的。故选 A。 4.句意：环境非常艰苦。hard 艰苦的。故选 C。 5.句意：高水压。water pressure 水压。故选 C。 6.句意：但仍有生物生存。表示转折用 but。故选 B。 7.句意：它们有不寻常的能力。unusual 不寻常的。故选 B。 8.句意：有些能自己发光。make light 发光。故选 A。 9.句意：奋斗者号潜入海沟。dive 潜水，过去式 dived。故选 C。 10.句意：深海因垃圾污染变得危险。dangerous 危险的。故选 C。 Deep-Sea Exploration and Protection The deep sea is one of the most wonderful natural wonders on Earth. It covers nearly 70 percent of the Earth’s surface and holds millions of unknown creatures. It is dark, cold and full of high pressure, but it is also a place full of beauty and mysteries. For a long time, humans knew almost nothing about the deep sea because it was too difficult to reach. With the development of science and technology, deep-sea exploration has become possible. China’s Fendouzhe manned submersible is a great achievement in this field. It can dive to the deepest part of the Mariana Trench and help scientists study the ocean floor, collect valuable samples and learn about the lives of deep-sea creatures. These studies help humans understand the history of the Earth and the secrets of nature. However, the deep sea is now in great danger. Rubbish from daily life flows into the ocean and reaches the deepest parts of the sea. It hurts sea creatures and destroys their living environment. Protecting the deep sea is not only the job of scientists but also the duty of every person. We should learn more about the deep sea, care for it and take action to keep it clean and safe. Task 1: Critical Thinking 1. Why was it hard for humans to learn about the deep sea in the past? 2. What can we learn from studying the deep sea? Task 2: Information Chart Complete the chart with information from the passage. 表格 Item Information Area of the deep sea Nearly 70 percent of the Earth’s surface Environment of the deep sea ________________________________ Achievement of Fendouzhe ________________________________ Danger the deep sea faces ________________________________ Task 3: Creative Writing Write two pieces of advice on how to protect the deep sea in English. 1. 2. Task 1 Because it was dark, cold, under high pressure and too difficult to reach. We can learn the history of the Earth and the secrets of nature. Task 2 Environment: dark, cold and full of high pressure Achievement: It can dive to the Mariana Trench and help study the deep sea. Danger: Rubbish pollution Task 3 We will stop throwing rubbish into the sea and plant more seaweed to clean the water. Also, we plan to use AI to monitor rubbish in the deep sea. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 课时2 Section A (2a-2d) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 dive v. & n. 潜水；跳水 research v. & n. 研究；调查 deep adj. 深的 depth n. 深度 unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的 bottom n. 底部 ocean n. 海洋 creature n.生物 rubbish n. 垃圾 pressure n. 压力 短语 dive into 潜入 the bottom of 在…… 底部 deep sea 深海 ocean floor 海底 deep-sea researcher 深海研究者 create light 发光 high pressure 高压 protect the deep sea 保护深海 句型 1. Why are so many countries researching the deep sea? 2. Some animals are blind, but they can “see” as well as others. 3. There is rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep. 一、单词默写（根据音标写单词） 1. ______ /daɪv/v. & n. 潜水；跳水 2. ______ /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/v. & n. 研究；调查 3. ______ /diːp/adj. 深的 4.______ /ˈʌnˈjuːʒuəl/adj. 特别的；不寻常的 5. ______ /ˈbɒtəm/n. 底部 6. ______ /ˈəʊʃən/n. 海洋 7. ______ /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/n. 生物 8. ______ /ˈrʌbɪʃ/n. 垃圾 二、词组默写 1. 潜入深海 ____________________ 2. 在…… 底部 ____________________ 3. 深海 ____________________ 4. 海底 ____________________ 5. 深海研究者 ___________________ 6. 发光 ____________________ 7. 高压 ____________________ 8. 保护深海 ____________________ 9. 下潜深度 ____________________ 10. 不寻常的能力 ____________________ 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. 很多国家正在研究深海。 Many countries are ______ ______ ______ ______. 2. 海底有很多奇特的生物。 There are many strange creatures ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 有些深海动物是盲的，但它们能和其他动物一样 “看见”。 Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can “see” ______ ______ ______ others. 4. 奋斗者号在 2020 年潜入了马里亚纳海沟。 Fendouzhe ______ ______ the Mariana Trench in 2020. 5. 甚至在 11000 米深的地方都有垃圾。 There is rubbish even ______ ______ ______ ______. 6. 研究深海对人类很重要。 It is important for humans ______ ______ ______ ______. 7. 深海有巨大的压力。 The deep sea has ______ ______ ______. 8. 我们应该为保护深海做些事情。 We should ______ ______ ______ ______ the deep sea. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The man ______ (dive) into the sea to save the boy yesterday. 2. Scientists are ______ (research) the secrets of the deep sea. 3. What is the ______ (deep) of the Mariana Trench? 4. There are many ______ (usual) plants in the deep sea. 5. At the ______ (bottom) of the ocean, there is no light. 6. Many ______ (creature) live in the dark deep sea. 7. Too much ______ (rubbish) pollutes the deep sea. 8. The ______ (press) is very high in the deep sea. 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 deep, research, dive, creature, bottom, unusual, light, rubbish, protect, ocean, pressure The deep sea is one of the greatest wonders of nature. It is more than 200 meters 1.________ below the sea level. For thousands of years, people knew little about this hidden world because it is too hard to reach. With the development of technology, scientists began to 2.________ the deep sea carefully. In 2020, China’s manned submersible Fendouzhe successfully 3.________ to the Mariana Trench, the deepest place of the 4.________, reaching a depth of about 10,984 meters. At the 5.________ of the sea, the environment is very special. It is completely dark, extremely cold and full of high 6.________. However, there are still millions of 7.________ living there. Most of them have 8.________ abilities to live in such hard conditions. Some can produce 9.________ by themselves, while some are blind but have strong ability to feel the world around them. Sadly, human activities bring trouble to the deep sea. 10.________ can be found even at 11,000 meters deep, which shocks many scientists. It is our duty to protect the deep sea and keep its ecosystem balanced. This amazing world is not only a treasure of nature but also an important part of our planet. 6、 阅读还原。 The deep sea is a mysterious and amazing world that covers more than half of the Earth’s surface. 1.________ Most people know very little about it because it is too far and too hard to reach. The deep sea starts at 200 meters below the sea level, and the deepest point is the Mariana Trench. 2.________ Life in the deep sea is very different from that on land. There is no sunlight here, so it is very dark all year round. The water is icy cold, and the water pressure is so high that it can easily break common machines. 3.________ Some are small and look like stars, while some are 4.________ and have strange shapes. Many of them can make light by themselves, which makes the dark deep sea look like a sky full of stars. In recent years, China has made great progress in deep-sea exploration. 5.________ It has helped scientists collect samples and take clear photos of the deep-sea world. Now more and more people realize the importance of the deep sea and decide to protect it. A. It is more than 10,000 meters deep. B. Fendouzhe is a great Chinese manned submersible. C. But there are still many wonderful living things here. D. It is one of the most wonderful natural wonders on Earth. E. Some fish can live without eating for a long time. F. Some creatures are very large. 七、阅读理解。 The deep sea is one of the most amazing natural wonders on Earth. It is a world full of mysteries and surprises. The deep sea begins at 200 meters below the sea level, where sunlight can no longer reach. The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Trench, with a depth of about 10,984 meters. Living in the deep sea is very difficult. The environment is terrible: no sunlight, freezing cold water and very high water pressure. But surprisingly, there are still thousands of rare sea creatures living here. Many of them have special abilities to fit the hard environment. Some are blind but can feel food around them easily. Some can make their own light to attract small animals or find partners. China’s Fendouzhe manned submersible has made historic achievements in deep-sea exploration. In 2020, it completed several dives into the Mariana Trench and filmed the real deep-sea world for people. It also collected rocks, water and other samples for scientific research. However, the deep sea is facing serious pollution now. Rubbish from land is carried into the sea by rivers and tides, and it can reach even 11,000 meters deep. This rubbish hurts sea animals and breaks the natural balance. Scientists and environmentalists are calling on people to take action to protect the deep sea, so that this wonderful wonder of nature can stay safe and healthy. 1. How deep does the deep sea begin? A. At 100 meters below sea level. B. At 200 meters below sea level. C. At 1,000 meters below sea level. D. At 10,000 meters below sea level. 2. What is the deepest place on Earth? A. The Nile River. B. the Sahara Desert. C. The Mariana Trench. D. The Dead Sea. 3. What special ability do some deep-sea creatures have? A. They can run very fast on land. B. They can make their own light. C. They can fly in the sky. D. They can live without water. 4. When did Fendouzhe dive into the Mariana Trench many times? A. In 2018. B. In 2019. C. In 2020. D. In 2021. 5. Why is the deep sea in danger now? A. Because of serious rubbish pollution. B. Because there are too many animals. C. Because the water becomes warm. D. Because there is no sunlight. 八、完形填空。 The deep sea is a wonderful and 1.________ world that few people have seen. It is 2.________ 200 meters under the sea, where sunlight can never come in. The deepest place of the Earth is the Mariana Trench, about 10,984 meters 3.. The environment here is very 4.—it is dark, cold and has extremely high water 5.________. 6.________, many amazing sea creatures still live here. They have developed 7________. abilities to live in such hard conditions. Some can 8.________ light by themselves, and some are blind but have a strong sense of touch. In 2020, China’s submersible Fendouzhe 9.________ into the Mariana Trench and helped people know more about this magic world. But now, the deep sea is 10.________ because of rubbish pollution. We must try our best to protect it. 1. A. boring B. amazing C. common D. dangerous 2. A. above B. below C. on D. at 3. A. deep B. long C. wide D. high 4. A. easy B. comfortable C. hard D. warm 5. A. light B. temperature C. pressure D. noise 6. A. So B. But C. Because D. If 7. A. usual B. unusual C. small D. big 8. A. make B. see C. hear D. feel 9. A. flew B. walked C. dived D. ran 10. A. safe B. healthy C. dangerous D. perfect Deep-Sea Exploration and Protection The deep sea is one of the most wonderful natural wonders on Earth. It covers nearly 70 percent of the Earth’s surface and holds millions of unknown creatures. It is dark, cold and full of high pressure, but it is also a place full of beauty and mysteries. For a long time, humans knew almost nothing about the deep sea because it was too difficult to reach. With the development of science and technology, deep-sea exploration has become possible. China’s Fendouzhe manned submersible is a great achievement in this field. It can dive to the deepest part of the Mariana Trench and help scientists study the ocean floor, collect valuable samples and learn about the lives of deep-sea creatures. These studies help humans understand the history of the Earth and the secrets of nature. However, the deep sea is now in great danger. Rubbish from daily life flows into the ocean and reaches the deepest parts of the sea. It hurts sea creatures and destroys their living environment. Protecting the deep sea is not only the job of scientists but also the duty of every person. We should learn more about the deep sea, care for it and take action to keep it clean and safe. Task 1: Critical Thinking 1. Why was it hard for humans to learn about the deep sea in the past? 2. What can we learn from studying the deep sea? Task 2: Information Chart Complete the chart with information from the passage. 表格 Item Information Area of the deep sea Nearly 70 percent of the Earth’s surface Environment of the deep sea ________________________________ Achievement of Fendouzhe ________________________________ Danger the deep sea faces ________________________________ Task 3: Creative Writing Write two pieces of advice on how to protect the deep sea in English. 1. 2. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $