Unit 5 课时2 Reading 1（分层作业）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 5 Good manners 课时2 Reading 1 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 feel at home 舒适自在，不拘束 normally adv. 通常 address vt. 称呼(某人) politeness n. 礼貌 realize vt. &vi. (= realise)意识到 behave vi. 表现 differently adv. 不同地 when it comes to (doing) sth.当涉及某事(或做某事)时 praise n.&vt. 称赞，赞美 pleased adj. 高兴 instead of prep. 代替，作为...的替换 reply vt.&vi. 回答，答复 modest adj. 谦虚的 openly adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地 host n. 主人 hospitable adj. 好客的，热情友好的 plate n. 盘子，碟子 refuse vi.&vt. 拒绝，回绝 get used to sth. 习惯于某事 句型 1. My Chinese friends are kind enough to make me feel at home , but I've noticed some interesting differences in manners. 我的中国朋友很友好，让我有宾至如归的感觉，但我也注意到一些有趣的礼仪差异 。 2. For example, they normally use nin to address others in a formal situation . 例如，在正式场合中，他们通常使用 “ 您” 来称呼别人 。 3. If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can't go wrong with nin . 如果你想表现出对别人的礼貌和尊重， 用 “ 您 ” 准没 错的 。 4. I've also realized that the Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise. 我还意识到，在赞美方面，中国人的行为与英国人不同 。 5. But when I praise my Chinese friends, instead of saying "thank you", they often smile and reply, " Nali, nali. " 但是当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们不是说 “ 谢谢 ” ，而是经常微笑着回答 ：“ 哪里，哪里 。 ” 6. They are too modest to accept praise openly . 他们太谦虚，不愿公开接受表扬 。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. ________ [ˈnɔ:məli] adv. 通常 2. ________ [əˈdres] vt. 称呼(某人) 3. ________ [pəˈlaɪtnəs] n. 礼貌 4. ________ [ˈri:əlaɪz] vt. &vi. (= realise)意识到 5. ________ [bɪ'heɪv] vi. 表现 6. ________ [ˈdɪfrəntli] adv. 不同地 7. ________ [preɪz] n.&vt. 称赞，赞美 8. ________ [pli:zd] adj. 高兴 9. ________ [rɪˈplaɪ] vt.&vi. 回答，答复 10. ________ [ˈmɒdɪst] adj. 谦虚的 11. ________ [ˈəʊpənli] adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地 12. ________ [həʊst] n. 主人 13. ________ [hɒˈspɪtəb(ə)l] adj. 好客的，热情友好的 14. ________ [pleɪt] n.盘子，碟子 15. ________ [rɪˈfju:z] vi.&vt. 拒绝，回绝 二、词组默写。 1. 让某人有宾至如归的感觉 _______________________ 2. 一些有趣的礼仪差异 ___________________ 3. 一直；始终 _______________________ 4. 有自己表达礼貌的方式 _______________ 5. 用 “您” 称呼他人 _______________________ 6. 在正式场合 _______________________ 7. 用 “您” 准没错 ____________________ 8. 与英国人表现不同 _____________________ 9. 太谦虚而不公开接受赞美 __________________ 10. 邀请某人吃晚餐 _______________________ 11. 如此热情好客 _____________________ 12. 一直给某人盘子里夹菜 ____________________ 13. 太客气而不好意思拒绝 _______________________ 14. 适应这些差异 ____________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 我的中国朋友很友好，让我有宾至如归的感觉，但我也注意到一些有趣的礼仪差异。 My Chinese friends are kind enough ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______, but I've noticed some interesting differences in manners. 2. 例如，在正式场合中，他们通常使用“您”来称呼别人。 For example, they normally use nin to ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 如果你想表现出对别人的礼貌和尊重，用“您”准没错的。 If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can't ______ ______ ______ nin. 4. 我还意识到，在赞美方面，中国人的行为与英国人不同。 I've also realized that the Chinese ______ ______ ______ the British ______ ______ ______ ______ praise. 5. 但是当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们不是说“谢谢”，而是经常微笑着回答：“哪里，哪里。” But when I praise my Chinese friends, ______ ______ ______ "thank you", they often smile and reply, "Nali, nali." 6. 他们太谦虚，不愿公开接受表扬。 They are ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 四、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．In China, ________ (主人) often politely ask guests to stay when they are to leave. 2．More and more restaurants are urging people not to waste food and to clean their ________ (盘子). 3．The judge should be ________ (称呼) as‘Your Honour’. 4．Have you ________ (意识到) the importance of learning a foreign language? 5．You should learn more about some table manners. When you visit others, these can help you ________ (表现) properly. 五、从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 when it comes to, feel at home, instead of, too... to, get used to 1．We should walk to school _______________ taking a car to protect the environment. 2．The little girl is _______________ shy _______________ say a word in front of strangers. 3．My host family is so friendly that I quickly _______________ in their home. 4．It takes time to _______________ the new school life after you enter Grade 8. 5．_______________ making friends, being honest is the most important thing. 六、阅读理解。 ①China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable (好客的) people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. ②When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. ③At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests to a big meal. They always present more food than the guests can eat. And the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprise Western guests most is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. ④Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar How happy we are! 1．As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A．coffee and candy B．juice and hamburgers C．tea and biscuits D．milk and hamburgers 2．What the Chinese family do for the guests is to ________ A．show their wealth B．make them feel at home C．show their cooking skills D．make them feel uncomfortable 3．跨学科[语文] What’s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the passage? A．学而时习之，不亦说乎？ B．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ C．人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？ D．己所不欲，勿施于人。 4．新考法[篇章结构] Which of the following is the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage mainly tells us about ________. A．where Chinese people usually go B．how Chinese people treat the guests C．what food Chinese people like to eat D．why Chinese people invite the guests to their homes 七、阅读还原。 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Dos and Don’ts of gift-giving in Chinese culture Finding the right gift for someone is not easy. In Chinese culture, there are many unspoken rules that go into giving the right gift. Here are some of them. 1 If you are looking for a gift for your friends in China, think about bringing them something from your hometown, like blueberry jam (蓝莓果酱) from Maine, or chicory coffee from Louisiana. Local specialty products (当地特产) are popular gifts in China. That is because they can be hard to get outside of the place where they are made. Use both hands. 2 The same goes for gift-taking. You should take a gift with both hands and say thank you. That means you respect (尊重) the other person. Don’t give gifts in sets of four. Because the word for “four” sounds like sǐ (death) in Chinese, it’s a serious mistake to give gifts in fours. 3 Two is thought to be a good number, and there is a saying that “good things come in pairs”. 4 Don’t open a gift right away In Chinese culture, the person who takes a gift should wait until the giver has left before opening a gift. 5 Sometimes, someone is given many gifts, like at a birthday party, and it helps protect (保护) the feelings of those whose gifts are not special. A．Think about some popular gifts. B．Buy something from your hometown. C．When giving a gift, you should give it with both hands. D．Eight is a good number because it sounds like fā（to become rich）. E．However, gifts given in pairs or sets of eight are thought to be luckier. F．That way, the giver won’t feel down if the taker is not happy with the gift. 八、完形填空。 Chinese food is very famous in the world. Chinese people think 1 is one of the most important things during their lives. They do not 2 each other with “How are you?”, but they ask “Have you eaten?” Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture, Chinese people still 3 their table manners today. There is a seat for the “guest of honour” or the 4 person in the family. In most parts of China, the “seat of honour” is 5 the one facing the front door of the room. The 6 of honour can also be the one in the middle facing the east of the room if there is no seat facing the door. As for the host, he or she may take the most 7 seat. It is always the nearest to the kitchen or the service (服务) door. It is better to sit after the elder or the “guest of honour” sits down. Guests should 8 the host to invite them to sit down. Chinese people like having meals together and they 9 all the dishes on a round table. There is sometimes a round rotating disc (旋转盘) in the 10 of the dining table. It makes sure that all the diners can enjoy the meal and feel respected. 1．A．knowledge B．money C．food D．health 2．A．greet B．introduce C．attract D．teach 3．A．break B．follow C．create D．explore 4．A．richest B．youngest C．poorest D．oldest 5．A．slowly B．normally C．finally D．quickly 6．A．seat B．friend C．map D．time 7．A．convenient B．expensive C．different D．comfortable 8．A．talk with B．think of C．wait for D．look for 9．A．show B．grow C．wash D．put 10．A．corner B．west C．east D．centre Chinese Manners: The Treasure of Traditional Culture Part 1: Read and Explore Chinese manners are a precious part of Chinese traditional culture with a history of thousands of years. They mean polite behaviors and habits that show respect, modesty and kindness. For Chinese people, manners are not only a way to get along with others but also a symbol of our cultural heritage. No matter in daily communication, family gatherings or important festivals, Chinese manners play an important role in showing our quality and keeping good relationships. There are many kinds of Chinese manners in daily life. At school, we should greet teachers with a smile and a bow, which is a traditional way to show respect. We should listen quietly when teachers give lessons and not cut in when others are speaking. When talking with classmates, we should be humble and polite, and help each other. It’s also polite to use polite words such as “excuse me” when asking for help and “thank you” when getting help. At home, Chinese manners focus on filial piety and harmony. We should respect our parents and grandparents, and greet them when we get up and go home. We can help our family do housework and look after the elderly. During family meals, there are special rules: we should let the elderly and parents sit first, get food for them politely, and not make noise while eating. We should also not talk about unhappy things at the dinner table to keep the atmosphere warm. In festivals and important occasions, Chinese manners are more clear. During the Spring Festival, we greet our relatives with “Happy New Year” and give red envelopes to children to show good wishes. When visiting friends or relatives, we should bring small gifts and arrive on time. At weddings or birthday parties, we should send sincere blessings and follow the host’s plans. In addition, when we meet elders, we should take the initiative to greet them and show our respect through our words and behaviors. Chinese manners are not old-fashioned; they are still important in modern life. Some people may think that traditional manners are too hard, but in fact, they are simple and useful. Developing good Chinese manners habits can help us build better relationships, pass on traditional culture and show the charm of Chinese people to the world. We can start with small things in daily life, learn and practice traditional manners, and pass them on to the next generation. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking（根据文章内容回答下列问题 ） 1. Why are Chinese manners important in modern life? (用"because"完整回答) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 找出两个中国传统礼仪： Manner 1:____________________________________________________________________________________ Manner 2:____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 设计一个英文标语呼吁大家传承中国礼仪： "_________________________________________!" Task 2: Complete the chart below（根据文章内容完成表格） Scene Chinese Manners Reasons for Chinese Manners Ways to Inherit Chinese Manners At School Greet teachers with a smile and a bow; listen quietly in class; use polite words 1. Show respect for teachers and classmates 1. __________________________________ At Home Respect elders; help with housework; let elders sit first at meals 2. Maintain family harmony and show filial piety 2. __________________________________ In Festivals Greet relatives with good wishes; give red envelopes; bring gifts when visiting others 3. Inherit traditional culture and express good wishes 3. __________________________________ Task 3: Creative Project 假设你是中国传统礼仪宣传员，设计一个“中国礼仪传承推广计划”（Chinese Manners Inheritance and Promotion Plan），需包含：  2个具体行动（参考文中内容）  1个创新点子（如：制作中国礼仪主题双语手抄报）  用英语简单说明。 We will ______________________________________ and ______________________________________. Also, we plan to ______________________________________ . ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Good manners 课时2 Reading 1 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 feel at home 舒适自在，不拘束 normally adv. 通常 address vt. 称呼(某人) politeness n. 礼貌 realize vt. &vi. (= realise)意识到 behave vi. 表现 differently adv. 不同地 when it comes to (doing) sth.当涉及某事(或做某事)时 praise n.&vt. 称赞，赞美 pleased adj. 高兴 instead of prep. 代替，作为...的替换 reply vt.&vi. 回答，答复 modest adj. 谦虚的 openly adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地 host n. 主人 hospitable adj. 好客的，热情友好的 plate n. 盘子，碟子 refuse vi.&vt. 拒绝，回绝 get used to sth. 习惯于某事 句型 1. My Chinese friends are kind enough to make me feel at home , but I've noticed some interesting differences in manners. 我的中国朋友很友好，让我有宾至如归的感觉，但我也注意到一些有趣的礼仪差异 。 2. For example, they normally use nin to address others in a formal situation . 例如，在正式场合中，他们通常使用 “ 您” 来称呼别人 。 3. If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can't go wrong with nin . 如果你想表现出对别人的礼貌和尊重， 用 “ 您 ” 准没 错的 。 4. I've also realized that the Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise. 我还意识到，在赞美方面，中国人的行为与英国人不同 。 5. But when I praise my Chinese friends, instead of saying "thank you", they often smile and reply, " Nali, nali. " 但是当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们不是说 “ 谢谢 ” ，而是经常微笑着回答 ：“ 哪里，哪里 。 ” 6. They are too modest to accept praise openly . 他们太谦虚，不愿公开接受表扬 。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. ________ [ˈnɔ:məli] adv. 通常 2. ________ [əˈdres] vt. 称呼(某人) 3. ________ [pəˈlaɪtnəs] n. 礼貌 4. ________ [ˈri:əlaɪz] vt. &vi. (= realise)意识到 5. ________ [bɪ'heɪv] vi. 表现 6. ________ [ˈdɪfrəntli] adv. 不同地 7. ________ [preɪz] n.&vt. 称赞，赞美 8. ________ [pli:zd] adj. 高兴 9. ________ [rɪˈplaɪ] vt.&vi. 回答，答复 10. ________ [ˈmɒdɪst] adj. 谦虚的 11. ________ [ˈəʊpənli] adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地 12. ________ [həʊst] n. 主人 13. ________ [hɒˈspɪtəb(ə)l] adj. 好客的，热情友好的 14. ________ [pleɪt] n.盘子，碟子 15. ________ [rɪˈfju:z] vi.&vt. 拒绝，回绝 【答案】normally；address；politeness；realize；behave；differently；praise；pleased；reply；modest；openly；host；hospitable；plate；refuse 二、词组默写。 1. 让某人有宾至如归的感觉 _______________________ 2. 一些有趣的礼仪差异 ___________________ 3. 一直；始终 _______________________ 4. 有自己表达礼貌的方式 _______________ 5. 用 “您” 称呼他人 _______________________ 6. 在正式场合 _______________________ 7. 用 “您” 准没错 ____________________ 8. 与英国人表现不同 _____________________ 9. 太谦虚而不公开接受赞美 __________________ 10. 邀请某人吃晚餐 _______________________ 11. 如此热情好客 _____________________ 12. 一直给某人盘子里夹菜 ____________________ 13. 太客气而不好意思拒绝 _______________________ 14. 适应这些差异 ____________________ 【答案】1. make sb feel at home；2. some interesting differences in manners；3. all the time；4. have one’s own way of being polite；5. use the word "nin" to address others；6. in a formal situation；7. can’t go wrong with nin；8. behave differently from the British；9. be too modest to accept praise openly；10. invite sb. to dinner；11. be so hospitable；12. keep putting food on sb's plate；13. be too polite to refuse；14. get used to these differences 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 我的中国朋友很友好，让我有宾至如归的感觉，但我也注意到一些有趣的礼仪差异。 My Chinese friends are kind enough ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______, but I've noticed some interesting differences in manners. 2. 例如，在正式场合中，他们通常使用“您”来称呼别人。 For example, they normally use nin to ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 如果你想表现出对别人的礼貌和尊重，用“您”准没错的。 If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can't ______ ______ ______ nin. 4. 我还意识到，在赞美方面，中国人的行为与英国人不同。 I've also realized that the Chinese ______ ______ ______ the British ______ ______ ______ ______ praise. 5. 但是当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们不是说“谢谢”，而是经常微笑着回答：“哪里，哪里。” But when I praise my Chinese friends, ______ ______ ______ "thank you", they often smile and reply, "Nali, nali." 6. 他们太谦虚，不愿公开接受表扬。 They are ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 【答案】1. to make me feel at home；2. address others in a formal situation；3. go wrong with；4. behave differently from; when it comes to；5. instead of saying；6. too modest to accept praise openly 四、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．In China, ________ (主人) often politely ask guests to stay when they are to leave. 2．More and more restaurants are urging people not to waste food and to clean their ________ (盘子). 3．The judge should be ________ (称呼) as‘Your Honour’. 4．Have you ________ (意识到) the importance of learning a foreign language? 5．You should learn more about some table manners. When you visit others, these can help you ________ (表现) properly. 【答案】hosts；plates；addressed；realized；behave 五、从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 when it comes to, feel at home, instead of, too... to, get used to 1．We should walk to school _______________ taking a car to protect the environment. 2．The little girl is _______________ shy _______________ say a word in front of strangers. 3．My host family is so friendly that I quickly _______________ in their home. 4．It takes time to _______________ the new school life after you enter Grade 8. 5．_______________ making friends, being honest is the most important thing. 【答案】instead of；too; to；feel at home；get used to；When it comes to 六、阅读理解。 ①China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable (好客的) people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. ②When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. ③At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests to a big meal. They always present more food than the guests can eat. And the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprise Western guests most is that the Chinese host likes to pick up food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you finish eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. ④Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar How happy we are! 1．As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A．coffee and candy B．juice and hamburgers C．tea and biscuits D．milk and hamburgers 2．What the Chinese family do for the guests is to ________ A．show their wealth B．make them feel at home C．show their cooking skills D．make them feel uncomfortable 3．跨学科[语文] What’s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the passage? A．学而时习之，不亦说乎？ B．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ C．人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？ D．己所不欲，勿施于人。 4．新考法[篇章结构] Which of the following is the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage mainly tells us about ________. A．where Chinese people usually go B．how Chinese people treat the guests C．what food Chinese people like to eat D．why Chinese people invite the guests to their homes 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是说明文，围绕中国是礼仪之邦展开，讲述中国人热情好客的传统，介绍中国家庭如何招待客人，并引用孔子名言体现这一文化传统。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第二段第一、二句“When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits or candy.”可知，主人会提供茶和饼干。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文中第三段倒数第三句“The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home.”可知，目的是让客人感觉像在家一样。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据文中“To meet friends from afar How happy we are!”可知，“To meet friends”翻译为遇见朋友，“from afar”翻译为来自远方，“How happy we are!”翻译为我们多么开心啊，综合“To meet friends from afar How happy we are!”，意为“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第一段总述中国人热情好客，第二、三段具体介绍招待客人的做法，第四段总结并升华主题，为总—分—总结构。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据文中第一段第二句“Chinese people are among the most hospitable (好客的) people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests.”可知，文章主要介绍中国人如何招待客人。故选B。 七、阅读还原。 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Dos and Don’ts of gift-giving in Chinese culture Finding the right gift for someone is not easy. In Chinese culture, there are many unspoken rules that go into giving the right gift. Here are some of them. 1 If you are looking for a gift for your friends in China, think about bringing them something from your hometown, like blueberry jam (蓝莓果酱) from Maine, or chicory coffee from Louisiana. Local specialty products (当地特产) are popular gifts in China. That is because they can be hard to get outside of the place where they are made. Use both hands. 2 The same goes for gift-taking. You should take a gift with both hands and say thank you. That means you respect (尊重) the other person. Don’t give gifts in sets of four. Because the word for “four” sounds like sǐ (death) in Chinese, it’s a serious mistake to give gifts in fours. 3 Two is thought to be a good number, and there is a saying that “good things come in pairs”. 4 Don’t open a gift right away In Chinese culture, the person who takes a gift should wait until the giver has left before opening a gift. 5 Sometimes, someone is given many gifts, like at a birthday party, and it helps protect (保护) the feelings of those whose gifts are not special. A．Think about some popular gifts. B．Buy something from your hometown. C．When giving a gift, you should give it with both hands. D．Eight is a good number because it sounds like fā（to become rich）. E．However, gifts given in pairs or sets of eight are thought to be luckier. F．That way, the giver won’t feel down if the taker is not happy with the gift. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国文化中送礼的一些注意事项，包括可以送家乡特产、要用双手送收礼物、不要送四件一组的礼物、不要马上打开礼物以及吉利的数字等。 1．根据“If you are looking for a gift for your friends in China, think about bringing them something from your hometown”可知，此处建议给中国朋友带家乡的东西作为礼物，选项B“买一些你家乡的东西”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“Use both hands.”以及“The same goes for gift-taking. You should take a gift with both hands”可知，此处讲的是送礼物时要用双手，选项C“When giving a gift, you should give it with both hands.”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据“Don’t give gifts in sets of four.”以及“Two is thought to be a good number”可知，此处是说成对或八个一组的礼物被认为更吉利，选项E“然而，成双或成八的礼物被认为更吉利。”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“Two is thought to be a good number... ”可知，此处继续介绍吉利的数字，八听起来像“发”，是吉利数字，选项D“八是个好数字，因为它听起来像‘发’（变得富有）”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据“Don’t open a gift right away In Chinese culture, the person who takes a gift should wait until the giver has left before opening a gift.”可知，此处解释不马上打开礼物的原因，避免送礼者因对方不满意礼物而失落，选项F“这样，如果收礼的人对礼物不满意，送礼的人就不会感到沮丧。”符合语境，故选F。 八、完形填空。 Chinese food is very famous in the world. Chinese people think 1 is one of the most important things during their lives. They do not 2 each other with “How are you?”, but they ask “Have you eaten?” Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture, Chinese people still 3 their table manners today. There is a seat for the “guest of honour” or the 4 person in the family. In most parts of China, the “seat of honour” is 5 the one facing the front door of the room. The 6 of honour can also be the one in the middle facing the east of the room if there is no seat facing the door. As for the host, he or she may take the most 7 seat. It is always the nearest to the kitchen or the service (服务) door. It is better to sit after the elder or the “guest of honour” sits down. Guests should 8 the host to invite them to sit down. Chinese people like having meals together and they 9 all the dishes on a round table. There is sometimes a round rotating disc (旋转盘) in the 10 of the dining table. It makes sure that all the diners can enjoy the meal and feel respected. 1．A．knowledge B．money C．food D．health 2．A．greet B．introduce C．attract D．teach 3．A．break B．follow C．create D．explore 4．A．richest B．youngest C．poorest D．oldest 5．A．slowly B．normally C．finally D．quickly 6．A．seat B．friend C．map D．time 7．A．convenient B．expensive C．different D．comfortable 8．A．talk with B．think of C．wait for D．look for 9．A．show B．grow C．wash D．put 10．A．corner B．west C．east D．centre 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国饮食文化中的餐桌礼仪，包括座次安排、问候方式以及用餐习惯等。 1．句意：中国人认为食物是他们生活中最重要的事情之一。 knowledge知识；money金钱；food食物；health健康。根据“Chinese food is very famous in the world.”以及“They do not…each other with ‘How are you?’, but they ask ‘Have you eaten?’”可知，中国人很重视食物，认为食物是生活中重要的事情之一，故选C。 2．句意：他们不会用“你好吗？”来问候对方，而是问“你吃了吗？”。 greet问候；introduce介绍；attract吸引；teach教。根据“They do not…each other with ‘How are you?’, but they ask ‘Have you eaten?’”可知，此处指中国人不会用“你好吗？”来问候对方，而是用“你吃了吗？”来问候，故选A。 3．句意：由于餐桌礼仪是中国烹饪文化的一部分，中国人至今仍遵循他们的餐桌礼仪。 break打破；follow遵循；create创造；explore探索。根据“Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture”可知，餐桌礼仪是中国烹饪文化的一部分，所以中国人至今仍遵循他们的餐桌礼仪，故选B。 4．句意：有一个座位是给“贵宾”或家里最年长的人的。 richest最富有的；youngest最年轻的；poorest最贫穷的；oldest最年长的。根据“It is better to sit after the elder or the ‘guest of honour’ sits down.”可知，有一个座位是给家里最年长的人或“贵宾”的，故选D。 5．句意：在中国的大部分地区，“上座”通常是面对房间前门的那个座位。 slowly慢慢地；normally通常；finally最后；quickly快速地。根据“In most parts of China, the ‘seat of honour’ is…the one facing the front door of the room.”可知，在中国的大部分地区，“上座”通常是面对房间前门的那个座位，故选B。 6．句意：如果没有面对门的座位，上座也可以是坐在房间中间面向东方的座位。 seat座位；friend朋友；map地图；time时间。根据“The…of honour can also be the one in the middle facing the east of the room if there is no seat facing the door.”可知，此处指上座，故选A。 7．句意：至于主人，他或她可能会坐在最方便的座位上。 convenient方便的；expensive昂贵的；different不同的；comfortable舒适的。根据“It is always the nearest to the kitchen or the service (服务) door.”可知，主人会坐在最方便的座位上，这个座位离厨房或服务门最近，故选A。 8．句意：客人应该等待主人邀请他们坐下。 talk with与……交谈；think of想起；wait for等待；look for寻找。根据“Guests should…the host to invite them to sit down.”可知，客人应该等待主人邀请他们坐下，故选C。 9．句意：中国人喜欢一起吃饭，他们把所有的菜都放在圆桌上。 show展示；grow种植；wash洗；put放。根据“Chinese people like having meals together and they…all the dishes on a round table.”可知，中国人喜欢一起吃饭，他们把所有的菜都放在圆桌上，故选D。 10．句意：有时在餐桌的中央有一个圆形的旋转盘。 corner角落；west西方；east东方；centre中心。根据“There is sometimes a round rotating disc (旋转盘) in the…of the dining table.”可知，有时在餐桌的中央有一个圆形的旋转盘，故选D。 Chinese Manners: The Treasure of Traditional Culture Part 1: Read and Explore Chinese manners are a precious part of Chinese traditional culture with a history of thousands of years. They mean polite behaviors and habits that show respect, modesty and kindness. For Chinese people, manners are not only a way to get along with others but also a symbol of our cultural heritage. No matter in daily communication, family gatherings or important festivals, Chinese manners play an important role in showing our quality and keeping good relationships. There are many kinds of Chinese manners in daily life. At school, we should greet teachers with a smile and a bow, which is a traditional way to show respect. We should listen quietly when teachers give lessons and not cut in when others are speaking. When talking with classmates, we should be humble and polite, and help each other. It’s also polite to use polite words such as “excuse me” when asking for help and “thank you” when getting help. At home, Chinese manners focus on filial piety and harmony. We should respect our parents and grandparents, and greet them when we get up and go home. We can help our family do housework and look after the elderly. During family meals, there are special rules: we should let the elderly and parents sit first, get food for them politely, and not make noise while eating. We should also not talk about unhappy things at the dinner table to keep the atmosphere warm. In festivals and important occasions, Chinese manners are more clear. During the Spring Festival, we greet our relatives with “Happy New Year” and give red envelopes to children to show good wishes. When visiting friends or relatives, we should bring small gifts and arrive on time. At weddings or birthday parties, we should send sincere blessings and follow the host’s plans. In addition, when we meet elders, we should take the initiative to greet them and show our respect through our words and behaviors. Chinese manners are not old-fashioned; they are still important in modern life. Some people may think that traditional manners are too hard, but in fact, they are simple and useful. Developing good Chinese manners habits can help us build better relationships, pass on traditional culture and show the charm of Chinese people to the world. We can start with small things in daily life, learn and practice traditional manners, and pass them on to the next generation. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking（根据文章内容回答下列问题 ） 1. Why are Chinese manners important in modern life? (用"because"完整回答) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 找出两个中国传统礼仪： Manner 1:____________________________________________________________________________________ Manner 2:____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 设计一个英文标语呼吁大家传承中国礼仪： "_________________________________________!" Task 2: Complete the chart below（根据文章内容完成表格） Scene Chinese Manners Reasons for Chinese Manners Ways to Inherit Chinese Manners At School Greet teachers with a smile and a bow; listen quietly in class; use polite words 1. Show respect for teachers and classmates 1. __________________________________ At Home Respect elders; help with housework; let elders sit first at meals 2. Maintain family harmony and show filial piety 2. __________________________________ In Festivals Greet relatives with good wishes; give red envelopes; bring gifts when visiting others 3. Inherit traditional culture and express good wishes 3. __________________________________ Task 3: Creative Project 假设你是中国传统礼仪宣传员，设计一个“中国礼仪传承推广计划”（Chinese Manners Inheritance and Promotion Plan），需包含：  2个具体行动（参考文中内容）  1个创新点子（如：制作中国礼仪主题双语手抄报）  用英语简单说明。 We will ______________________________________ and ______________________________________. Also, we plan to ______________________________________ . 【答案】 Task 1 1. Because developing good Chinese manners habits can help us build better relationships, pass on traditional culture and show the charm of Chinese people to the world. 2. Manner 1: We should greet teachers with a smile and a bow at school to show respect. Manner 2: We should let the elderly and parents sit first during family meals. （其他合理答案也可，如give red envelopes to children during the Spring Festival; bring gifts when visiting friends or relatives等） 3.（开放性试题，答案合理即可） "Inherit Chinese manners, carry forward traditional culture!" "Practice Chinese manners, show the charm of China!" Task 2 Scene Chinese Manners Reasons for Chinese Manners Ways to Inherit Chinese Manners At School Greet teachers with a smile and a bow; listen quietly in class; use polite words 1. Show respect for teachers and classmates 1. Learn and practice traditional manners in daily life At Home Respect elders; help with housework; let elders sit first at meals 2. Maintain family harmony and show filial piety 2. Start with small things and form good manners habits In Festivals Greet relatives with good wishes; give red envelopes; bring gifts when visiting others 3. Inherit traditional culture and express good wishes 3. Pass Chinese manners on to the next generation Task 3 We will hold a Chinese manners knowledge contest in school and give lectures to introduce traditional Chinese manners. Also, we plan to make bilingual (Chinese-English) handwritten newspapers about Chinese manners to help more people learn and inherit them. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $