第12卷 阅读理解一（细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断、词句猜测）-2026年黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026年黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由15份专题训练卷与5份综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第12卷，知识点包括阅读理解一（细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断、词句猜测）。 2026年黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第12卷 阅读理解一（细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断、词句猜测） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解 (共25小题；每小题4分，满分100分。在每小题列出的备选项中，有一项是最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。) Passage 1 A small town in England had a special tradition every winter. The local children built a “charity snowman” in the town square. They used old clothes, small buttons, and wooden sticks. The money from selling photos of the snowman went to help poor families in the town. Lily, a seven-year-old girl, joined them one year. She had no money to give, but she brought her favorite hand-knitted scarf. She put it around the snowman’s neck, making it look warm and lovely. Everyone smiled at her kindness. At the end of the season, the town had a small party. They said the project had raised more than 500 pounds. Lily was asked to stand on a little chair and “close” the activity. She said loudly, “I hope every poor family can have a warm winter, just like this snowman.” This kind tradition became famous later. Many other towns started similar charity snowman projects. Lily’s story was also written into a children’s book to teach kids to care for others. 1.What did the children use to make the charity snowman? A. New clothes and plastic sticks B. Old clothes, buttons and wooden sticks C. Only old clothes and toys D. Buttons and new scarves 2.The underlined word “charity” means ______. A. Funny B. charitable C. traditional D. modern 3.What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to build a beautiful snowman B. A little girl and her warm scarf C. A special winter tradition in a small town D. How to raise money for poor families 4.Why did Lily give her scarf to the snowman? A. She wanted to show it to others B. She hoped to bring warmth to poor people C. She disliked the scarf D. Her mother asked her to do so 5.What happened after the project became popular? A. Lily wrote a book about the snowman B. The town stopped the tradition C. Other towns copied the kind activity D. Poor families refused the help 【答案】1.B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述英国一个小镇每年冬天制作 “慈善雪人” 帮助贫困家庭的传统，小女孩 Lily 用围巾温暖雪人，这个善举后来影响了更多城镇。 【解析】 1.细节理解题。句意：孩子们用什么制作慈善雪人？根据第一段第三行，他们用旧衣服、纽扣和木棍。 2.词义猜测题。句意：划线词 charity 意思是什么？根据上下文，筹钱帮助穷人，意为 “慈善的”。 3.主旨大意题。句意：文章主旨是什么？全文围绕英国小镇特别的冬日慈善传统展开。 4.推理判断题。句意：Lily 为什么把围巾给雪人？根据第三段最后一句，她希望给贫困家庭带去温暖。 5.细节理解题。句意：项目流行后发生了什么？根据最后一段，其他城镇也开展了类似活动。 Passage 2 When Tom was 16, he left his village to work in a big city. He became a waiter in a small restaurant. The work was tiring and the pay was low, but he never gave up learning. Every evening after work, he went to an evening school nearby. He studied English and computer. At first, it was very hard. He had no money for textbooks, so he borrowed from classmates. On weekends, he did part-time jobs to pay for his lessons. One day, the restaurant owner needed someone who could speak simple English. Most waiters could not. Tom tried his best. He practiced every night, speaking to himself in the mirror. On the interview day, he spoke clearly and got the job. His pay became higher. Tom kept on learning. Two years later, he left the restaurant and worked as a computer operator in a company. He bought a small house for his parents and brought them to live in the city. He often told his brother, “No matter how hard life is, never stop learning. Knowledge can change your fate.” 6.What job did Tom first take in the city? A. A computer operator B. A waiter C. A part-time cleaner D. An English teacher 7.Why did Tom find study difficult at first? A. He was too old to learn B. He had little money and no books C. The school was too far D. He didn’t like studying 8.The underlined word “fate” probably means ______. A. life B. interest C. habit D. luck 9.What does the story mainly tell us? A. Working in a restaurant is hard B. How Tom learned computer skills C. A young man succeeded by keeping learning D. City life is better than village life 10.What did Tom do after he got a better job? A. He stopped learning B. He bought a big house C. He brought his parents to the city D. He opened his own restaurant 【答案】6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述 Tom16 岁进城打工，坚持在夜校学习英语和电脑，凭借努力获得更好工作，并把父母接到城市生活，阐明知识改变命运的道理。 【解析】 6. 细节理解题。句意：Tom 最初在城里做什么工作？根据第一段第二行，他在餐馆当服务员。 7. 细节理解题。句意：Tom 起初为什么觉得学习难？根据第二段，他没钱买课本，只能借书。 8. 词义猜测题。句意：划线词 fate 意思是什么？结合全文，意为 “人生、命运”。 9. 主旨大意题。句意：故事主要告诉我们什么？Tom 通过坚持学习最终获得成功，改变生活。 10. 细节理解题。句意：Tom 找到更好的工作后做了什么？根据第四段最后一句，他把父母接到城里。 Passage 3 Last summer, I volunteered to teach English in a small village in Yunnan. When I arrived, I was shocked by the beautiful mountains and clean rivers, but the school was very simple. There were only a few old classrooms and broken desks. The village kids were hard-working. Every morning, they walked more than an hour to school, even in hot weather. They had no textbooks, so they copied everything from the blackboard carefully. At first, I was afraid I couldn’t teach well, but they were so thirsty for knowledge. They listened carefully in class and asked many questions after class. I taught them English songs, simple dialogues and daily words. We played games during breaks, which made classes lively. The children shared their dreams with me. One boy named Xiaoming said he wanted to be an English teacher in the future, so he could help more kids like him. Before I left, the children gave me many handmade gifts: paper flowers, small wooden boxes and colored fans. They hugged me and said they would miss me. My eyes were full of tears. This volunteer experience changed me a lot. I realized how lucky I was to study in a good school. I also understood that knowledge is the most precious treasure. It can change not only our own life but also others’. I decided to study harder and help more kids in need later. 11.What did the writer do in the village? A. She traveled for fun B. She volunteered to teach English C. She built new classrooms D. She bought school things for kids 12.How did the children go to school? A. By bike B. By bus C. On foot D. By car 13.Why did the writer feel worried at first? A. She was afraid she couldn’t teach well B. The village was too poor C. The children didn’t like her D. She had no textbooks 14.The underlined word “precious” means ______. A. common B. valuable C. cheap D. useless 15.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The beautiful sights in Yunnan B. The writer’s volunteer experience and feelings C. How to teach English in villages D. Children’s dreams in the countryside 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述作者暑假去云南乡村志愿教英语的经历，了解了当地孩子的求学不易，也深刻认识到知识的珍贵。 【解析】 11. 细节理解题。句意：作者在村子里做什么？根据第一段第一句，作者志愿教孩子们英语。 12. 细节理解题。句意：孩子们怎么去上学？根据第二段第二句，孩子们每天步行一个多小时上学。 13. 细节理解题。句意：作者起初为什么担心？根据第二段第四行，作者怕自己教不好。 14. 词句猜测题。句意：划线词 precious 意思是什么？由上下文可知知识能改变命运，是 “珍贵的”。 15. 主旨大意题。句意：本文主旨是什么？全文讲述支教经历与内心感悟。 Passage 4 Nowadays, outdoor activities are becoming more and more popular in China. They are playing an important role in people’s daily life. Outdoor activities not only help us keep healthy but also make us relaxed. There are different kinds of outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, camping and picnicking. Hiking is loved by many people. They can walk in mountains, enjoy green trees and breathe fresh air. Cycling is easy and convenient. People can ride in parks or on country roads. Camping takes people away from busy city life. They can put up tents, have barbecues and watch stars at night. Picnicking is a good choice for families. People can enjoy delicious food with their family members in parks. Outdoor activities bring many benefits. First, they improve our physical health. They make our bodies strong. Second, they help us reduce stress. When we feel tired from work or study, outdoor activities make us happy and relaxed. Third, we can make new friends who share the same hobbies. However, safety is very important. We should wear right clothes and shoes. We need to take enough water and food. We must follow the rules of natural parks and protect the environment. Only in this way can we stay safe and have a good time. 16.What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Popular outdoor activities and their benefits B. How to keep healthy C. Why people love city life D. How to make friends outdoors 17.Which is NOT mentioned as an outdoor activity? A. Hiking B. Swimming C. Cycling D. Camping 18.Why can outdoor activities reduce stress? A. They make us exercise more B. They take us away from busy life and relax us C. They help us make more friends D. They make us much stronger 19. The underlined word “benefits” means ______. A. advantages B. dangers C. troubles D. rules 20.What should we do to keep safe outdoors? A. Wear beautiful but not suitable shoes B. Take little water and food C. Follow the rules of the places D. Play anywhere we like 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了当下流行的户外活动种类、好处，并提醒大家参加时要注意安全、遵守规则。 【解析】 16. 主旨大意题。句意：本文主要讲什么？文章介绍了户外活动的种类、益处和安全注意事项。 17. 细节理解题。句意：哪种户外活动没有被提到？文中提到徒步、骑行、露营、野餐，未提及游泳。 18. 细节理解题。句意：为什么户外活动能缓解压力？根据第三段，能让人远离忙碌生活、放松心情。 19. 词义猜测题。句意：划线词 benefits 意思是什么？后文讲的都是优点、好处。 20. 细节理解题。句意：户外时我们应该怎样保证安全？根据第四段，要遵守场所规则。 Passage 5 Today many students use mobile phones to study. They look up new words, watch learning videos and finish homework on phones. Some people think it is helpful, but others worry about its disadvantages. On one hand, using phones for study has many advantages. First, it is very convenient. Students can carry phones anywhere and get information anytime. When they meet difficult words, they can check them at once. Second, there are rich learning resources online, such as English apps, e-books and online courses. Students can choose what they need according to their own level. Third, online learning is more interesting. Some apps use games to teach knowledge, so students become more interested in studying. On the other hand, it also brings problems. Some students cannot control themselves. They play games or watch funny videos instead of studying. This has a bad influence on their lessons. What’s more, looking at screens for a long time is harmful to students’ eyesight. In my opinion, mobile phones are helpful tools, but we must use them in a right way. Parents and teachers should guide students to use phones wisely. Only in this way can phones really help with our study. 21.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Students should not use mobile phones B. Mobile phones are bad for study C. Using phones for study has advantages and disadvantages D. How to use learning apps 22.Which advantage of mobile phones is NOT mentioned? A. They are convenient. B. They have rich learning resources. C. They make learning interesting. D. They make students more independent. 23.Why are some people against studying by phone? A. Phones are too expensive. B. Students may play games instead of studying. C. Online resources are useless. D. It takes too much time. 24.The underlined word “harmful” means ______. A. bad B. helpful C. important D. thankful 25. What is the writer’s attitude? A. Students can use phones freely. B. Phones should be used in a right way. C. Phones are completely bad for study. D. Parents should stop kids using phones. 【答案】21.C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 【导语】本文为议论文，谈论学生用手机学习的利弊：手机方便、资源丰富，但易让人分心、伤眼；作者认为应合理使用手机。 【解析】 21.主旨大意题。句意：本文的主旨是什么？通读全文，文章先讲手机学习的优点，再讲缺点，最后表明观点。故选 C。 22.细节理解题。句意：哪一个手机的优点没有被提到？文中第二段提到：convenient, rich learning resources, more interesting。没有提到 “make students more independent”。对应第二段第 1、3、5 句。故选 D。 23.细节理解题。句意：为什么有些人反对用手机学习？根据第三段：They play games or watch funny videos instead of studying。对应第三段第二、三句。故选 B。 24.词句猜测题。句意：划线词 harmful 意思是什么？根据上下文，长时间看屏幕对视力有害，harmful = bad。故选 A。 25.推理判断题。句意：作者的态度是什么？根据最后一段：we must use them in a right way。对应最后一段第一句。故选 B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026年黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由15份专题训练卷与5份综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第12卷，知识点包括阅读理解一（细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断、词句猜测）。 2026年黑龙江省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第12卷 阅读理解一（细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断、词句猜测） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解 (共25小题；每小题4分，满分100分。在每小题列出的备选项中，有一项是最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。) Passage 1 A small town in England had a special tradition every winter. The local children built a “charity snowman” in the town square. They used old clothes, small buttons, and wooden sticks. The money from selling photos of the snowman went to help poor families in the town. Lily, a seven-year-old girl, joined them one year. She had no money to give, but she brought her favorite hand-knitted scarf. She put it around the snowman’s neck, making it look warm and lovely. Everyone smiled at her kindness. At the end of the season, the town had a small party. They said the project had raised more than 500 pounds. Lily was asked to stand on a little chair and “close” the activity. She said loudly, “I hope every poor family can have a warm winter, just like this snowman.” This kind tradition became famous later. Many other towns started similar charity snowman projects. Lily’s story was also written into a children’s book to teach kids to care for others. 1.What did the children use to make the charity snowman? A. New clothes and plastic sticks B. Old clothes, buttons and wooden sticks C. Only old clothes and toys D. Buttons and new scarves 2.The underlined word “charity” means ______. A. Funny B. charitable C. traditional D. modern 3.What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to build a beautiful snowman B. A little girl and her warm scarf C. A special winter tradition in a small town D. How to raise money for poor families 4.Why did Lily give her scarf to the snowman? A. She wanted to show it to others B. She hoped to bring warmth to poor people C. She disliked the scarf D. Her mother asked her to do so 5.What happened after the project became popular? A. Lily wrote a book about the snowman B. The town stopped the tradition C. Other towns copied the kind activity D. Poor families refused the help Passage 2 When Tom was 16, he left his village to work in a big city. He became a waiter in a small restaurant. The work was tiring and the pay was low, but he never gave up learning. Every evening after work, he went to an evening school nearby. He studied English and computer. At first, it was very hard. He had no money for textbooks, so he borrowed from classmates. On weekends, he did part-time jobs to pay for his lessons. One day, the restaurant owner needed someone who could speak simple English. Most waiters could not. Tom tried his best. He practiced every night, speaking to himself in the mirror. On the interview day, he spoke clearly and got the job. His pay became higher. Tom kept on learning. Two years later, he left the restaurant and worked as a computer operator in a company. He bought a small house for his parents and brought them to live in the city. He often told his brother, “No matter how hard life is, never stop learning. Knowledge can change your fate.” 6.What job did Tom first take in the city? A. A computer operator B. A waiter C. A part-time cleaner D. An English teacher 7.Why did Tom find study difficult at first? A. He was too old to learn B. He had little money and no books C. The school was too far D. He didn’t like studying 8.The underlined word “fate” probably means ______. A. life B. interest C. habit D. luck 9.What does the story mainly tell us? A. Working in a restaurant is hard B. How Tom learned computer skills C. A young man succeeded by keeping learning D. City life is better than village life 10.What did Tom do after he got a better job? A. He stopped learning B. He bought a big house C. He brought his parents to the city D. He opened his own restaurant Passage 3 Last summer, I volunteered to teach English in a small village in Yunnan. When I arrived, I was shocked by the beautiful mountains and clean rivers, but the school was very simple. There were only a few old classrooms and broken desks. The village kids were hard-working. Every morning, they walked more than an hour to school, even in hot weather. They had no textbooks, so they copied everything from the blackboard carefully. At first, I was afraid I couldn’t teach well, but they were so thirsty for knowledge. They listened carefully in class and asked many questions after class. I taught them English songs, simple dialogues and daily words. We played games during breaks, which made classes lively. The children shared their dreams with me. One boy named Xiaoming said he wanted to be an English teacher in the future, so he could help more kids like him. Before I left, the children gave me many handmade gifts: paper flowers, small wooden boxes and colored fans. They hugged me and said they would miss me. My eyes were full of tears. This volunteer experience changed me a lot. I realized how lucky I was to study in a good school. I also understood that knowledge is the most precious treasure. It can change not only our own life but also others’. I decided to study harder and help more kids in need later. 11.What did the writer do in the village? A. She traveled for fun B. She volunteered to teach English C. She built new classrooms D. She bought school things for kids 12.How did the children go to school? A. By bike B. By bus C. On foot D. By car 13.Why did the writer feel worried at first? A. She was afraid she couldn’t teach well B. The village was too poor C. The children didn’t like her D. She had no textbooks 14.The underlined word “precious” means ______. A. common B. valuable C. cheap D. useless 15.What is the main idea of the passage? A. The beautiful sights in Yunnan B. The writer’s volunteer experience and feelings C. How to teach English in villages D. Children’s dreams in the countryside Passage 4 Nowadays, outdoor activities are becoming more and more popular in China. They are playing an important role in people’s daily life. Outdoor activities not only help us keep healthy but also make us relaxed. There are different kinds of outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, camping and picnicking. Hiking is loved by many people. They can walk in mountains, enjoy green trees and breathe fresh air. Cycling is easy and convenient. People can ride in parks or on country roads. Camping takes people away from busy city life. They can put up tents, have barbecues and watch stars at night. Picnicking is a good choice for families. People can enjoy delicious food with their family members in parks. Outdoor activities bring many benefits. First, they improve our physical health. They make our bodies strong. Second, they help us reduce stress. When we feel tired from work or study, outdoor activities make us happy and relaxed. Third, we can make new friends who share the same hobbies. However, safety is very important. We should wear right clothes and shoes. We need to take enough water and food. We must follow the rules of natural parks and protect the environment. Only in this way can we stay safe and have a good time. 16.What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Popular outdoor activities and their benefits B. How to keep healthy C. Why people love city life D. How to make friends outdoors 17.Which is NOT mentioned as an outdoor activity? A. Hiking B. Swimming C. Cycling D. Camping 18.Why can outdoor activities reduce stress? A. They make us exercise more B. They take us away from busy life and relax us C. They help us make more friends D. They make us much stronger 19. The underlined word “benefits” means ______. A. advantages B. dangers C. troubles D. rules 20.What should we do to keep safe outdoors? A. Wear beautiful but not suitable shoes B. Take little water and food C. Follow the rules of the places D. Play anywhere we like Passage 5 Today many students use mobile phones to study. They look up new words, watch learning videos and finish homework on phones. Some people think it is helpful, but others worry about its disadvantages. On one hand, using phones for study has many advantages. First, it is very convenient. Students can carry phones anywhere and get information anytime. When they meet difficult words, they can check them at once. Second, there are rich learning resources online, such as English apps, e-books and online courses. Students can choose what they need according to their own level. Third, online learning is more interesting. Some apps use games to teach knowledge, so students become more interested in studying. On the other hand, it also brings problems. Some students cannot control themselves. They play games or watch funny videos instead of studying. This has a bad influence on their lessons. What’s more, looking at screens for a long time is harmful to students’ eyesight. In my opinion, mobile phones are helpful tools, but we must use them in a right way. Parents and teachers should guide students to use phones wisely. Only in this way can phones really help with our study. 21.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Students should not use mobile phones B. Mobile phones are bad for study C. Using phones for study has advantages and disadvantages D. How to use learning apps 22.Which advantage of mobile phones is NOT mentioned? A. They are convenient. B. They have rich learning resources. C. They make learning interesting. D. They make students more independent. 23.Why are some people against studying by phone? A. Phones are too expensive. B. Students may play games instead of studying. C. Online resources are useless. D. It takes too much time. 24.The underlined word “harmful” means ______. A. bad B. helpful C. important D. thankful 25. What is the writer’s attitude? A. Students can use phones freely. B. Phones should be used in a right way. C. Phones are completely bad for study. D. Parents should stop kids using phones. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $