内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习(北京专用)
专题07 数词
ten eleven twelve twenty seven o’clock the second girl
数词分为基数词和序数词两类。基数词是表示数目多少的词,序数词是表示顺序先后的词。考点一
基数词
1. 基数词的构成
类别
构成
1—12
独立词:one、two、three、four、five、six、seven、eight、nine、ten、eleven、twelve
13—19
除了thirteen、fifteen和eighteen之外,其他都是由基数词加后缀-teen构成:thirteen、fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、seventeen、eighteen、nineteen
20—90
整十以后缀-ty结尾:twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、sixty、seventy、eighty、ninety
21—99
非整十的十位数与个位数之间需要用连字符“-”:twenty-one(21)、thirty-seven(37)、forty-six(46)、fifty-eight(58)、sixty-nine(69)、seventy-three(73)、eighty-eight(88)、ninety-two(92)
100及以上
整数:hundred(百)、thousand(千)、ten thousand(一万)、million(百万)、billion(十亿)
非整数:two hundred and seventy-nine(279)、two thousand nine hundred and two(2,902)
注意:在北京考区,重点考查thirteen、fifteen、eighteen、twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、eighth、ninth等易拼错的基数词,以单词拼写为主要的考查形式。
拓展:1. 英语中没有万和亿对应的单词。如:ten thousand一万、a hundred million一亿。
2. and只用在hundred之后。如:three hundred and fifteen 315。
2. 基数词的句法功能
It is said that eight is a lucky number in China.据说八在中国是个幸运数字。(作主语)
I have three brothers and a sister.我有三个兄弟和一个妹妹。(作定语)
When you are angry, count to ten before you talk.生气时,数到十再说话。(作宾语)
Tom is eighteen. He can drink beer at the party.汤姆18岁。他可以在聚会上喝啤酒。(作表语)
3. 基数词的使用
①基数词用来表示事物的数量。
She bought five apples.她买了五个苹果。
There are twenty students in the classroom.教室里有二十名学生。
②hundred、thousand、million、billion前有数词时,表示确切的数,均要使用单数形式:“复数+of”为不确切数字的表达形式,表示“数以……计的”。
There are one hundred people in the hall.大厅里有一百人。(表示确切的数)
Thousands of trees are planted every spring.每年春天种植成千上万棵树。(表示不确切的数)
注意:在北京考区,核心考查基数词hundred/thousand的单复数用法,常以单项选择的形式进行考查。
考点再现
一、单词拼写。(根据中文写英文单词)
1. 十一 __________ 2. 十二 __________ 3. 十三 __________ 4. 十五 __________
5. 十八 __________ 6. 二十 __________ 7. 三十 __________ 8. 四十 __________
9. 五十 __________ 10. 九十九 __________
二、[学科融合]我们加起来是一百分,请正确连线吧。
1. ten 2. twenty-two 3. thirty-seven 4. forty-five 5. fourteen
a. eighty-six b. fifty-five c. sixty-three d. seventy-eight e. ninety
三、单项选择。
( )1. [学科融合]£+△=8, £+△+△=11, △ is ______.
A. three B. four C. five
( )2. —How old is your brother? —He is ______.
A. sixteen B. sixteenth C. the sixteen
( )3. There are ______women teachers in our school.
A. fourty five B. forty-five C. forty five
( )4. ______ people visited the science museum last week.
A. Hundreds of B. Hundred of C. Five hundreds
( )5. The new computer cost me ______ yuan.
A. three thousand B. three thousands C. three thousands of
( )6. There are ______ days in a year.
A. three hundred sixty five
B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. three hundreds and sixty-five
过关训练
一、将方框内所给数字按从小到大的顺序排列。
A. ten B. eighteen C. sixteen D. eleven E. six F. twelve G. fifteen H. thirteen
I. fourteen J. nineteen
正确顺序:_______________________________________________________________________
二、根据括号中的数字提示、生活常识或跨学科知识填写单词。
1. There are ________ (9) people in my family.
2. The boy is ___________ (21) years old.
3. [生活常识]There are ________ months in a year.
4. There are____________ (30) children in the classroom.
5. [生活常识]The rainbow is made up of ________ colours.
6. [学科融合]One ball is 21 yuan.Three same balls are yuan.
7. [学科融合]I am twelve years old. My father is twenty-eight years older than me. He is ________.
三、句子翻译。
1. 我有十五本英语书。 ________________________________________
2. 教室里有四十张课桌。 ________________________________________
3. 成千上万的小鸟在树上唱歌。________________________________________
4. 七是我的幸运数字。 ________________________________________
考点二
序数词
1. 序数词的构成
类别
构成
1—3
独立词:first、second、third
4—19
在对应的基数词后加-th,但fifth、eighth、ninth和twelfth的拼写有变化:fourth、fifth、sixth、seventh、eighth、ninth、tenth、eleventh、twelfth、thirteenth、fourteenth、fifteenth、sixteenth、seventeenth、eighteenth、nineteenth
20—90
将对应基数词词尾的y变为i再加-eth:twentieth、thirtieth、fortieth、fiftieth、sixtieth、seventieth、eightieth、ninetieth
21—99
只需将个位数变为序数词,十位数不变:twenty-first、thirty-seventh、forty-sixth、fifty-eighth、sixty-ninth、seventy-third、eighty-eighth、ninety-second
注意:在北京考区,要聚焦基数词变序数词的规则,重点关注first、second、third、fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth、twentieth、thirtieth等容易拼写错误的序数词。同时关注序数词第一到第四的缩写:1st、2nd、3rd、4th。
口诀速记:基变序,有规律,词尾加上th;一二三,特殊记,词尾字母tdd;八去t,九去e,ve要用f替;ty把y变成i,th前面有个e;若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。
2. 序数词的句法功能
The first is the tallest in this line.(作主语)在这队里,最高的站第一个。
Look at these pictures! I like the second.(作宾语)看这些图片!我喜欢第二张。
The third month in a year is March.(作定语)一年中第三个月份时三月。
She is the first to finish the test paper.(作表语)她是第一个完成试卷的。
注意:在北京考区,序数词主要作定语,前面一定要加定冠词the或者物主代词。
3. 序数词的使用
①序数词用来表示顺序,通常在前面加定冠词the。
The first class is Maths.第一节课是数学。
The sixth day of the week is Friday.一周的第六天是周五。
②除first外,其他序数词前加a/an,表示“又一;再一”。
Let’s try a third time.咱们再试一次。
I want a second cake.我想再要一块蛋糕。
③序数词和基数词连用时,序数词通常在前面。
He is in the first three students.他在前三名学生里。
Read the first five words.读一读前五个单词。
④序数词前面有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格时,不用冠词。
That second question is easy.那第二个问题很简单。
This is my first bike.这是我的第一辆自行车。
Today is Tom’s third birthday.今天是汤姆的三岁生日。
⑤序数词修饰谓语动词时不加冠词。
Who comes first in the race?谁在比赛中得第一名?
Please line up. I go second.请排队,我排第二个。
考点再现
一、英汉配对,正确连线。
1. first 2. ninth 3. twelfth 4. twentieth 5. forty-sixth
A. 第十二 B. 第四十六 C. 第一 D. 第二十 E. 第九
6. 第三 7. 第八 8. 第十五 9. 第三十 10. 第五十七
F. fifteenth G. third H. thirtieth I. fifty-seventh J. eighth
二、单项选择。
( )1. Today is ______ day in May. It’s May 1st.
A. first B. the first C. the one
( )2. The bedroom is on the ______ floor, and the bathroom is on the ______ floor.
A. first; two B. one; two C. first; second
( )3. —This is my ______ time to visit Xi’an. —Me too. Xi’an is so cool. I will visit it next time.
A. one B. first C. last
( )4. Let’s try ______ time. I’m sure we can make it.
A. a second B. second C. the second
( )5. ______ lesson is very easy.
A. The five B. The fifth C. Fifth
过关训练
一、根据图片或汉语提示填写单词。
1. Turn right at the ________ (two) crossing. Then you will see the library.
2. March ________ (twelve) is Tree Planting Day.
3. On ________ (five) day of Chinese New Year, we often light some firecrackers.
4. Leo was __________ in the race.
5. —What does the man do? —He is a cook.
二、单项选择。
( )1. Winter is the ______ season of the year.
A. second B. third C. fourth
( )2. Jack will be ______. He will have his ______ birthday next week.
A. twelve; twentieth B. twelve; twelve C. twelve; twelfth
( )3. She is the ______ girl to come to school.
A. one B. first C. the first
( )4. Please read the ______ sentences.
A. first five B. five first C. first fives
( )5. —Who gets to school first? —Tom ______.
A. comes first B. comes the first C. come first
考点三
数词的其他高频用法
1. 表示编号/顺序。基数词:名词+基数词;名词首 字母大写。序数词:the+序数词+名词。
Room 301 301房间 the first time第一次 Page 10=the tenth page 第10 页
2. 表示年龄。
①表示“……岁”:基数词+year(s) old;也可只用数字进行强调。
My name is Mike and I’m 8 (years old). 我的名字是迈克,今年8岁。
②表示“在……岁”:at the age of+基数词=at age+基数词=at+基数词。
At the age of 17, Marco Polo went to China. 17岁的时候, 马可●波罗去了中国。
He joined the company at age 35.他35岁时加入了这家公司。
③表示不确切的岁数用“几十”的复数形式:in one’s+整十的复数。
My grandfather is in his eighties.我爷爷八十多岁了。
She started her own company in her thirties.她三十多岁时创办了自己的公司。
注意:在北京考区,“in one’s + 整十复数”的表达是易错考点。
3. 表示时刻。
①用数字直接表达表示时间。
I get up at six o’clock every day.我每天六点起床。
You should finish your homework before nine thirty. 你应该在9:30前完成家庭作业。
②用past、to、half、quarter表示时间:半点及之前用past,之后用“to+下一个钟点”。
5:20—twenty past five 6:15—a quarter past six 7:30—half past seven 8:55—five to nine
注意:在北京考区,常以钟表图表形式考查时刻的表达,在熟练掌握时刻的表达时要区分past与to的用法。
4. 表示日期。
美式
月/日/年
“年”用基数词表示;“日”用序数词表示,the可读可不读。
2026年6月1日:June (the) first, 2026
英式
日/月/年
2030年7月30日:the thirtieth of July, 2030
He plans to finish his novel on August (the) third, 2038. 他计划在2038年8月3日完成小说。
5. 表示分数、小数以及百分数。
①分数:分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。当分子大于1时,分母用复数形式;分数修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的单复数。
1/4—one-fourth/a quarter 1/2—a half 2/3—two thirds 3/4—three fourths/three quarters
②小数:小数用基数词表示,小数点读作point,之后的数字依次读出。
0.86—zero point eight six 68.73—sixty-eight point seven three
③百分数:百分数由“基数词+百分号(%)”构成,百分号读作percent。百分数后接名词时,要在percent后加of。
85%—eighty-five percent
注意:在北京考区,时刻、年龄、日期、编号等场景考频较高,强调语言的实际运用能力。
考点再现
一、根据中文写出正确的英文表达。
1. 301房间 ____________________________ 2. 第10页 ____________________________
3. 在17岁时 __________________________ 4. 三十多岁 ___________________________
5. 五点二十分 __________________________ 6. 六点十五分 _________________________
7. 七点半_______________________________ 8. 八点五十五分 _______________________
9. 6月1日 _____________________________ 10. 7月30日 __________________________
11. 三分之二 __________________________ 12. 四分之三 ___________________________
13. 0.86 ________________________________ 14. 85% ________________________________
二、单项选择。
( )1. Teachers’ Day is on September ______.
A. ten B. tenth C. the ten
( )2. —What time is it?—It’s ______.
A. five to nine B. five past nine C. nine five
( )3. ______ of the students are boys in our class.
A. Two third B. Two thirds C. Second three
过关训练
一、单项选择。
( )1. It’s ______. Let’s have lunch.
A. half past twelve B. twelve half C. half to twelve
( )2. We will have a picnic on ______.
A. June first B. June one C. first June
( )3. My mother is ______. She looks young.
A. in her forty B. in her forties C. on her forties
( )4. Please open your books and turn to ______.
A. Page fifth B. Page five C. fifth page
( )5. ______ of the water is clean.
A. Seventy-five percents B. Seventy-five percent C. Seventy five percent
二、根据中文意思补全句子。
1. 我爷爷八十多岁了。 My grandfather is ________ ________ ________.
2. 他在12岁时开始学英语。He started to learn English .
3. 现在是七点五十五。 It’s ________ ________ seven now.
4. 三分之一的水被污染了。 ________ ________ of the water is polluted.
5. 我们住在302房间。 We live in ________ ________.
一、请写出对应的数词。
基数词
序数词
1
13
第一
第十三
2
15
第二
第十五
3
19
第三
第十九
4
20
第四
第二十
5
21
第五
第二十一
6
30
第六
第三十
7
40
第七
第四十
8
50
第八
第五十
9
90
第九
第九十
10
100
第十
第一百
11
1000
第十一
第一千
12
第十二
二、选择对应的时间表达。
A. six o’clock B. seven twenty C. ten to twelve D. half past five E. a quarter to nine
( )1. 7:20 ( )2. 11:50 ( )3. 5:30 ( )4. 8:45 ( )5. 6:00
三、判断对话与图片或生活常识是(T)否(F)相符。
( )1. —How many baby sheep can you see? —I can see fifteen.
( )2. —Where is your toilet? —It’s on the first floor.
( )3. —What’s the time? —It’s five past eleven.
( )4.—Nana, which class are you in? —I’m in Class Four, Grade Six.
( )5. —When do you usually plant trees? —On May 12th.
( )6. —How old is your sister? —She is 6 years old in 2026. She will be 10 in 2035.
四、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Today is his ________ (nine) birthday.
2. Two ________ (five) of the students are girls.
3. Three ________ (quarter) of an hour is 45 minutes.
4. My father is in his ________ (fifty).
5. ________ (one) third of the apple ________ (be) bad.
五、单项选择。
( )1. —What time is it? —It’s four forty-five in the afternoon.
A. B. C.
( )2. World Book Day is on ______.
A. April 23rd B. March 20th C. May 20th
( )3. Tom is ten. Amy is two years older than him. Amy is ______ years old.
A. eight B. twelve C. fourteen
( )4. —Is it 7:45 am now, Daming? —Yes, it’s ______. It’s time to go to school.
A. seven forty-five B. a quarter past seven C. a quarter to seven
( )5. —How many minutes are there in an hour? —______.
A. Fifty B. Sixty C. Thirty
( )6. There are ______ months of a year. May is the ______ month of a year.
A. twelve; five B. twelfth; fifth C. twelve; fifth
( )7. Mike is 1.62 metres. He is 0.03 metres shorter than Oliver. Oliver is ______.
A. 1.62 metres B. 1.65 metres C. 1.68 metres
( )8. We will learn ______ lesson today. Please turn to Page ______.
A. sixth; six B. six; Sixth C. the sixth; Six
( )9. Call a policeman. The telephone number is ______.
A. 110 B. 120 C. 119
( )10. There are ______ boys in our school.
A. seven hundreds B. seven hundred twenty C. seven hundred
( )11. July ______ is the last day of the month.
A. 1st B. 30th C. 31st
( )12. [生活常识]What’s the temperature of a healthy people?
A. 36.5℃. B. 41.5℃. C. 100℃.
( )13. [学科融合]What are the numbers (数字) in the poem “城阙辅三秦,风烟望五津”?
A. three and five B. two and five C. three and four
( )14. This number is between thirty-eight and forty. It’s ______.
A. thirty-nine B. thirty-one C. thirty-seven
( )15. There are ten thousand words in this English story.
A. 100,1000 B. 10,000 C. 1000
( )16. Ken and Ann didn’t win the ______ prize.
A. first B. one C. two
( )17. —Where is the art book? —It is on the ______ bookshelf.
A. two B. one C. third
( )18. There are ______ cows. The ______ cow is fat.
A. eleven; eleven B. eleven; eleventh C. eleventh; eleven
( )19. Ne Zha 2 is ______ film in Chinese film history to surpass 10 billion yuan at the box office (票房超百亿).
A. one B. first C. the first
( )20. The Dragon Boat Festival is on the ______ day of the fifth lunar (农历) month.
A. fifth B. fifteen C. five
六、改正画线部分的错误。
1. New Year is in the one month of the year. __________
2. The singing contest is on November 21th this year. __________
3. I can see seventh horses on the farm. __________
4. Ten and thirty is fourty. __________
5. My father’s father is seventy-sixth years old. __________
6. Our music room is on the fiveth floor. __________
七、根据中文意思补全句子。
1. 他出生于2005年8月8日。 He was born ________ August 8th, ________ ________.
2. 现在是差十分六点。 It’s ________ ________ ________ now.
3. 三分之二的苹果是红色的。 ________ ________ of the apples ________ red.
4. 我姐姐在二十多岁时当了老师。My sister became a teacher ________ ________ ________.
答案与解析
考点一:基数词
考点再现:一、1. eleven 2. twelve 3. thirteen 4. fifteen 5. eighteen 6. twenty 7. thirty
8. forty 9. fifty 10. ninety-nine
【解析】北京小升初常考基数词的拼写,重点记forty、fifty、ninety-nine。
二、1—e 2—d 3—c 4—b 5—a 【解析】考查基数词认读与100以内加法。
三、1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. B
过关训练:一、E A D F H I G C B J
二、1. nine 2. twenty-one 3. twelve 4. thirty 5. seven 6. sixty-three 7. forty
二、1. I have fifteen English books. 2. There are forty desks in the classroom.
3. Thousands of birds are singing in the trees. 4. Seven is my lucky number.
考点二:序数词
考点再现:一、1—C 2—E 3—A 4—D 5—B 6—G 7—J 8—F 9—H 10—I
二、1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B
过关训练:一、1. second 2. twelfth 3. the fifth 4. first 5. third
二、1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A
考点三:数词的其他高频用法
考点再现:一、1. Room 301 2. Page 10/the tenth page 3. at the age of seventeen/at seventeen
4. in her thirties 5. twenty past five 6. a quarter past six 7. half past seven
8. five to nine 9. June (the) first 10. the thirtieth of July 11. two thirds
12. three fourths/three quarters 13. zero point eight six 14. eighty-five percent
二、1. B 2. A 3. B
过关训练:一、1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B
二、1. in his eighties 2. at the age of twelve 3. five to 4. One third 5. Room 302
一、
基数词
序数词
1 one
13 thirteen
第一 first
第十三 thirteenth
2 two
15 fifteen
第二 second
第十五 fifteenth
3 three
19 nineteen
第三 third
第十九 nineteenth
4 four
20 twenty
第四 fourth
第二十 twentieth
5 five
21 twenty-one
第五 fifth
第二十一 twenty-first
6 six
30 thirty
第六 sixth
第三十 thirtieth
7 seven
40 forty
第七 seventh
第四十 fortieth
8 eight
50 fifty
第八 eighth
第五十 fiftieth
9 nine
90 ninety
第九 ninth
第九十 ninetieth
10 ten
100 hundred
第十 tenth
第一百 hundredth
11 eleven
1000 thousand
第十一 eleventh
第一千 thousandth
12 twelve
第十二 twelfth
二、1. B 2. C 3. D 4. E 5. A
三、1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. F
【解析】在北京考区,常融合生活常识和跨学科的知识对数词的用法进行考查。
四、1. ninth 2. fifths 3. quarters 4. fifties 5. One; is
五、1. C 【解析】four forty-five表示“四点四十五”,即 a quarter to five,对应选项C的时间图标。
2. A 【解析】生活常识:世界读书日是4月23日,英文表述是April 23rd,注意日期用序数词,故选A。
3. B 【解析】数学计算:汤姆10岁,艾米比他大2岁,10+2=12。twelve为基数词,故选B。
4. A 【解析】7:45的直接表达为seven forty-five,a quarter past seven是7:15,a quarter to seven是6:45,故选A。
5. B 【解析】生活常识:一小时有60分钟,sixty为基数词,故选B。
6. C 【解析】表示 “一年有12个月”用基数词twelve;“第五个月”用序数词fifth,故选C。
7. B 【解析】数学计算:迈克1.62米,比欧尼尔矮0.03米,欧尼尔身高为1.62+0.03=1.65米,故选B。
8. C 【解析】“第六课”用 the sixth lesson(序数词加 the);“第六页”用 Page Six(编号,名词 + 基数词,首字母大写),故选C。
9. A 【解析】生活常识:警察的电话号码是110,120是急救,119是火警,故选A。
10. C 【解析】hundred前有具体数词用单数,seven hundred为正确表达;seven hundreds 错误,seven hundred twenty缺少and,故选C。
11. C 【解析】生活常识:七月是大月,有31天,最后一天是7月31日,31的序数词为thirty-first,缩写31st,故选C。
12. A 【解析】生活常识:健康人的体温是36.5℃,41.5℃是高烧,100℃是沸水温度,故选A。
13. A 【解析】“三秦”“五津”对应three and five。
14. A 【解析】38和40之间是39。
15. B 【解析】ten thousand = 10,000。
16. A 【解析】由语境“第一名”可知,要用序数词first。
17. C 【解析】由语境“第三个书架”可知,要用序数词third。
18. B 【解析】由语境“11头牛”可知,用基数词eleven;由“第11头牛”可知,用序数词eleventh。
19. C 【解析】由“第一部票房超百亿的电影”可知,要用序数词first且前面要加the。
20. A 【解析】由语境“第五天”可知,要用序数词fifth。
六、1. first 【解析】表示“第一个月”用序数词,one的序数词为first,序数词加the。
2. 21st 【解析】21的序数词为twenty-first,缩写为21st,不是21th,序数词缩写需匹配变形。
3. seven 【解析】表示“七匹马”的数量用基数词,seventh是序数词。
4. forty 【解析】40的正确拼写为forty,是北京考区高频易错词,无fourty这种写法。
5. seventy-six 【解析】表示“年龄”用基数词,seventy-sixth是序数词。
6. fifth 【解析】five的序数词为fifth,易错拼为fiveth,是北京考区高频易错点。
七、1. on; two thousand and five 2. ten to six 3. Two thirds; are 4. in her twenties
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