精品解析：福建厦门厦门双十中学2026届下高三下学期英语周考二英语试题

厦门双十中学2026届下高三下学期周考（二） 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Dorothy do on the weekend? A. Go out with her friend. B Work on her paper. C. Make some plans. 2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt? A. $15. B. $30. C. $50. 3. What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon? A. To attend a wedding. B. To visit an exhibition. C. To meet a friend. 4. When does the bank close on Saturday? A. At 1: 00 p. m. B. At 3: 00 p. m. C. At 4: 00 p. m. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In a store. B. In a classroom. C. At a hotel. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about Nora? A. She prefers a room of her own B. She likes to work with other girls. C. She lives near the city center. 7. What is good about the flat? A. It has a large sitting room. B. It has good furniture. C. It has a big kitchen. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where has Barbara been? A. Milan. B. Florence. C. Rome. 9. What has Barbara got in her suitcase? A. Shoes. B. Stones. C. Books. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is making the telephone call? A. Thomas Brothers. B. Mike Landon. C. Jack Cooper. 11. What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper? A. His wife. B. His boss. C. His secretary. 12. What is the message about? A. A meeting. B. A visit to France. C. The date for a trip. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who could the man speaker most probably be? A. A person who saw the accident. B. The driver of the lorry. C. A police officer. 14. What was Mrs. Franks doing when the accident took place? A. Walking along Churchill Avenue. B. Getting ready to cross the road. C. Standing outside a bank. 15. When did the accident happen? A. At about 8: 00 a. m. B. At about 9: 00 a. m. C. At about 10: 00 a. m. 16. How did the accident happen? A. A lorry hit a car. B. A car ran into a lorry. C. A bank clerk rushed into the street. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. The history of the school. B. The courses for the term. C. The plan for the day. 18. Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students? A. In the school hall. B. In the science labs. C. In the classrooms. 19. What can students do in the practical areas? A. Take science courses. B. Enjoy excellent meals. C. Attend workshops 20. When are the visitors expected to ask questions? A. During the lunch hour. B. After the welcome speech. C. Before the tour of the labs. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每题2.5分，满分50分） A How to Take Your “Before” and “After” Photos Suppose you’re about to start a weight-loss or body-shaping journey that will change your body and your life, nothing shows the results of this experience better than a set of “before” and “after” photos. Whether you just want to keep them as a personal reminder, or share your story with the world, prepare to be an expert to get high-quality photos! Camera, Photographer, and Location It’s best to use a digital camera. If you have a camera stand, that’s great; otherwise, try to get someone to take your photos—don’t worry, he or she doesn’t have to be a professional photographer! Choose a well-lit area in front of a plain wall. The simpler the background is, the more attention will be on you and your transformation. Dress Code (密码) A swimsuit or form-fitting workout clothes work best. You should show as much of your body as you’re comfortable with, but please keep it appropriate for public consumption. Photo Composition Take full-body photos and make sure your face can be clearly seen Try to take the photos from different angles, such as a front view and a side view. Whatever you do, consistency is key! Ideally, your “before” and “after” photos will show you doing the same poses, wearing the same clothes, in the same place both before and after your transformation. This way, your body is the only thing that can be seen changing. Timing Make sure to take the photos at the beginning, during, and end of your program so that you can see your progress over time. If you’re doing a 90-day program, for example, you could take photos on Day 1,and then on Day 30, Day 60, and Day 90 until you’re done. 1. What is the aim of a set of “before” and “after” photos? A. To record a touching story. B. To remember a trip. C. To share a workout method. D. To show a transformation. 2. What is needed before taking “before” and “after” photos? A. A plain setting. B. A fashionable dress. C. A high-tech camera. D. A well-trained photographer. 3. Which of the following can probably guarantee high-quality “before” and “after” photos? A. Taking photos every day. B. Adopting a unique angle. C. Making your face visible. D. Wearing a consistent smile. B In the trailer (拖车式房屋)，Sischo was refreshing the snails ‘(蜗牛）accommodations--an ongoing routine that takes days of careful work. He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides--a third of the world's population of the species. Once every individual was accounted for, he cleaned the cage and packed in new leaves. The work took much trouble, but the responsibility, he said, was like “a heavy weight sitting on you.” The trailer is very vulnerable. It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogon（病原体）appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species. As sad as the event was, there’s no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails can’t simply be spread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment, experienced handlers, and a diet of native Hawaiian plants. Consequently, it can be hard for the snails' minders to relax, even when they are outside the trailer. “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?" Sischo said. While action lightens the burden, yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. "If you do it wrong, the snails die.” Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved. Sischo's friends sometimes tease him about being "the strange snail guy' ; strangers ask why he cares. It's hard to convince people, but he insists that if he can just get them in the trailer, they will understand why the Achatinella bulimoides are worth saving. "People melt," he said“When you show them that the entire population is in this chamber, it hits them." 4. What is the trailer used for? A. Accommodating guests B. Sheltering snails C. Planting vegetables. D. Alarming thieves. 5. What does the underlined word “vulnerable" mean in paragraph? A. Quite. B. Safe. C. Easily affected. D. Well protected. 6. What is the snail minders' attitude towards their job? A. Relaxed. B. Confident. C. Cautious D. Disapproving 7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. The Last of Its Kind B. The Worst of Times C. Mourn Its Loss D. Resist Possible Dangerous C When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠). Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur. Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month. Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field. The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur. Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-I think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She is trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly. 8. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn? A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market. C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday. 9. Why are scientists concerned about nutria? A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously. B. Nutria are an endangered species. C. Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals. D. Nutria are illegally hunted. 10. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed. 11. What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan? A It’s formal. B. It’s risky. C. It’s harmful. D. It’s traditional. D For decades, India’s time zone has been a hotly debated issue. Back in 1884 when time zones were officially established, two time zones were used — Bombay Time and Calcutta Time. Indian Standard Time (IST) was introduced in 1906, but Calcutta Time and Bombay Time continued to be maintained after India’s independence in1947, until 1948 and 1955 respectively. The current single time, though a legacy (遗留物) of British rule, is often viewed as a symbol of unity. Yet, not everyone thinks it is a good idea. India stretches 3,000 km from east to west, extending across roughly 30 degrees longitude. This corresponds to a two-hour difference in mean solar time, based on the position of the sun in the sky. Thus, the sun rises nearly two hours earlier in the east than in India’s far west. In Northeastern states, sunrise can be as early as 4 a.m. in summer and sunset by 4 p.m. in winter, much earlier than the official working hours. This results in great loss of daylight hours and more consumption of electricity, and often reduced productivity. Meanwhile, recent studies point out that the current system leads to a serious problem in education for some students. Nationwide, the school day starts at roughly the same time; thus, children go to bed later and have reduced sep in west India, where the sun sets later. Such sleep deprivation (剥夺) caused by later sunset is more pronounced among the poor, mostly due to their noisy environment and lack of facilities that assist seep, like window shades or indoor beds. On average, an hour’s delay in sunset time reduces children’s sleep by 30 minutes, and an hour’s delay in annual average sunset time reduces education by about 0.8 years. As a result, children living in locations with later sunsets are less likely to complete primary and middle school education. Despite various requests and proposals for multiple time zones, the government is keen to maintain the current system. Reasons provided include prevention of confusion and safety issues regarding railway and fight operations. 12. Which of the following illustrates the Indian time zone system since 1955? A. B. C. D. | 13. According to the passage, when is most likely the sunset hour in December in the city of Varanasi shown on the map? A 7 p.m. B. 6 p.m. C. 5 p.m. D. 4 p.m. 14. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “pronounced” in the third paragraph? A. Noisy. B. Distant. C. Flexible. D. Evident 15. According to the passage, which of the following is a supporting argument for multiple time zones? A. The number of traffic accidents can be checked. B. Children may have better-quality sleep and education. C. Confusion about different times can be avoided. D. The country may remove the impact of British rule. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____16____ When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____17____ Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____18____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. ____19____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. ____20____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission. What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共2节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） A week ago, my daughter said, “Mom, I don’t think I’m very athletic.” I paused for a moment, and then what came out of my ____21____ was: “No, you’re kind of not.” — I’ve observed her engaged in various sports, and she is just like me: two left feet. But even knowing it, my first instinct (本能) was to snow her with some ____22____ “Oh, you’re actually good at sports!” I resisted the urge, ____23____ , and told her the truth. And I could see it hurt a bit. So I ____24____ : “Ava, we all have things we are naturally good at. Like you and ____25____ : You’re in the 5th grade and read Charles Dickens. But we also have things we are not good at. If we want to reach a satisfactory level at those things, we have to ____26____ twice the effort and if we want to ____27____ we need to try even harder.” She was nodding. She totally ____28____ it. Why? Because it’s the truth. Sometimes I wonder why we run around talking nonsense to our kids when they can ____29____ the truth. And they can smell rubbish from a mile away. When they realize we are lying, we damage our ____30____ . I want my kids to have a ___31___ understanding of themselves so they won’t be ____32____ when things get tough. They can be Olympians, but nobody is going to hand it to them and ____33____ may work against them. They will understand that many things ____34____ a nearly inhumane amount of WORK. Things are not deserved. They are ____35____ . 21. A. head B. sight C. mind D. mouth 22. A. sense B. advice C. rubbish D. love 23. A. therefore B. however C. besides D. otherwise 24. A. replied B. added C. sighed D. repeated 25. A. learning B. speaking C. reading D. writing 26 A. put in B. put away C. put up D. put off 27. A. improve B. excel C. pass D. continue 28. A. made B. forgot C. got D. did 29. A. learn B. ignore C. suffer D. handle 30. A. credibility B. personality C. capability D. stability 31. A. heart-felt B. hot-headed C. right-sized D. good-natured 32. A. tired B. shocked C. excited D. relieved 33. A. nature B. time C. history D. experience 34. A. perform B. increase C. demand D. change 35. A. connected B. settled C. expected D. earned 非选择题部分 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Step Pyramid, built around the 27th century BCE, was the tallest structure of its time. ____36____ numerous discussions on pyramid-building techniques, how these massive stones, some weighing 300 kilograms, ____37____ (move) remains a mystery. According to a study, a hydraulic (液压) lift system consistent with the pyramid’s internal architecture could explain ____38____ (it) construction. The research team proposed that ancient ____39____ (stream) from the west of the Saqqara plateau flowed into deep-water tunnels ____40____ (surround) the Step Pyramid. These waters would have filled the Gisr el-Mudir, ____41____ massive stone structure acting as a dam to control and store floodwater. This water could have powered a hydraulic lift within the pyramid’s vertical shaft (竖井), raising heavy stones. Although the theory is innovative, some Egyptologists remain ____42____ (convinced) . A more widely accepted theory is that ramps and haulage (货运) devices were used ____43____ (position) the heavy blocks. David Jeffreys of University College London argues that the ancient climate may not have supported such a hydraulic system, ____44____ it required more rainfall than was likely available. The study’s authors acknowledged that the hydraulic lift system might not have been ____45____ (permanent) filled with water but rather operated during periods of flash floods. More research is needed to understand the rainfall and flooding during that time. 第四部分 写作（共2节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你听了外教Mr White 关于听力技巧的专题讲座，受益匪浅。请给他写一封邮件表示感谢，内容包括： 1. 你的收获； 2. 你今后的打算。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr White, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My dad, George, only had an eighth grade education. A quiet man, he didn’t understand my world of school activities. From age 14, he worked. And his dad, Albert, took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses. I didn’t really understand his world either: He was a livestock trucker, and I thought that I would surpass (超过) anything he had accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school graduation. Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets, hitting a baseball, or throwing a football, preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. In poor weather, I read about sports or practiced my trombone (长号). The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field. He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals. After a short way, the farmer stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed. Then we began again. This happened over and over, but we soon learned to identify different grasses like cockleburs, lamb’s-quarters, foxtails, and the king of weeds, the pretty purple thistle. It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to. At home, my dad said, “A job’s a big step to growing up. I’m glad you will be contributing to the household.” My dad’s words made me realize that my earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished. My labors lasted about two weeks, and the farmer said there might be more work, but I wasn’t interested. I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my money. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： When I bought my paycheck home — it was $119 — my dad wanted to talk to me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： I was surprised that my dad allowed me to use the money as I wished. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 厦门双十中学2026届下高三下学期周考（二） 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Dorothy do on the weekend? A. Go out with her friend. B Work on her paper. C. Make some plans. 2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt? A. $15. B. $30. C. $50. 3. What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon? A. To attend a wedding. B. To visit an exhibition. C. To meet a friend. 4. When does the bank close on Saturday? A. At 1: 00 p. m. B. At 3: 00 p. m. C. At 4: 00 p. m. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In a store. B. In a classroom. C. At a hotel. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about Nora? A. She prefers a room of her own B. She likes to work with other girls. C. She lives near the city center. 7. What is good about the flat? A. It has a large sitting room. B. It has good furniture. C. It has a big kitchen. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where has Barbara been? A. Milan. B. Florence. C. Rome. 9. What has Barbara got in her suitcase? A. Shoes. B. Stones. C. Books. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is making the telephone call? A. Thomas Brothers. B. Mike Landon. C. Jack Cooper. 11. What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper? A. His wife. B. His boss. C. His secretary. 12. What is the message about? A. A meeting. B. A visit to France. C. The date for a trip. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who could the man speaker most probably be? A. A person who saw the accident. B. The driver of the lorry. C. A police officer. 14. What was Mrs. Franks doing when the accident took place? A. Walking along Churchill Avenue. B. Getting ready to cross the road. C. Standing outside a bank. 15. When did the accident happen? A. At about 8: 00 a. m. B. At about 9: 00 a. m. C. At about 10: 00 a. m. 16. How did the accident happen? A. A lorry hit a car. B. A car ran into a lorry. C. A bank clerk rushed into the street. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. The history of the school. B. The courses for the term. C. The plan for the day. 18. Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students? A. In the school hall. B. In the science labs. C. In the classrooms. 19. What can students do in the practical areas? A. Take science courses. B. Enjoy excellent meals. C. Attend workshops 20. When are the visitors expected to ask questions? A. During the lunch hour. B. After the welcome speech. C. Before the tour of the labs. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每题2.5分，满分50分） A How to Take Your “Before” and “After” Photos Suppose you’re about to start a weight-loss or body-shaping journey that will change your body and your life, nothing shows the results of this experience better than a set of “before” and “after” photos. Whether you just want to keep them as a personal reminder, or share your story with the world, prepare to be an expert to get high-quality photos! Camera, Photographer, and Location It’s best to use a digital camera. If you have a camera stand, that’s great; otherwise, try to get someone to take your photos—don’t worry, he or she doesn’t have to be a professional photographer! Choose a well-lit area in front of a plain wall. The simpler the background is, the more attention will be on you and your transformation. Dress Code (密码) A swimsuit or form-fitting workout clothes work best. You should show as much of your body as you’re comfortable with, but please keep it appropriate for public consumption. Photo Composition Take full-body photos and make sure your face can be clearly seen. Try to take the photos from different angles, such as a front view and a side view. Whatever you do, consistency is key! Ideally, your “before” and “after” photos will show you doing the same poses, wearing the same clothes, in the same place both before and after your transformation. This way, your body is the only thing that can be seen changing. Timing Make sure to take the photos at the beginning, during, and end of your program so that you can see your progress over time. If you’re doing a 90-day program, for example, you could take photos on Day 1,and then on Day 30, Day 60, and Day 90 until you’re done. 1. What is the aim of a set of “before” and “after” photos? A. To record a touching story. B. To remember a trip. C. To share a workout method. D. To show a transformation. 2. What is needed before taking “before” and “after” photos? A. A plain setting. B. A fashionable dress. C A high-tech camera. D. A well-trained photographer. 3. Which of the following can probably guarantee high-quality “before” and “after” photos? A. Taking photos every day. B. Adopting a unique angle. C. Making your face visible. D. Wearing a consistent smile. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了拍摄高质量“前后”对比照片的实用指南，包括设备选择、着装要求、拍摄构图及时间规划等要素，旨在帮助读者有效记录身体变化过程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段“Suppose you’re about to start a weight-loss or body-shaping journey that will change your body and your life, nothing shows the results of this experience better than a set of ‘before’ and ‘after’ photos.(假设你即将开始减肥或塑形之旅，这将改变你的身体和生活，没有什么比一组“减肥前”和“减肥后”的照片更能说明这一经历的结果了。)”可知，(拍摄)一组“之前”与“之后”的对比照片的目的是展示你的改变。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Camera, Photographer, and Location部分的句子“Choose a well-lit area in front of a plain wall. The simpler the background is, the more attention will be on you and your transformation.(选择一面墙前光线充足的地方。背景越简单，你和你的转变就越受关注。)”可知，在拍摄“之前”与“之后”的对比照片之前需要一个不加修饰的背景。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Photo Composition部分的句子“Take full-body photos and make sure your face can be clearly seen.(拍摄全身照片，确保你的脸能被清楚地看到。)”可知，拍摄全身照并确保面部清晰可见大概率可以保证获得高质量的“之前”与“之后”的对比照片。故选C项。 B In the trailer (拖车式房屋)，Sischo was refreshing the snails ‘(蜗牛）accommodations--an ongoing routine that takes days of careful work. He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides--a third of the world's population of the species. Once every individual was accounted for, he cleaned the cage and packed in new leaves. The work took much trouble, but the responsibility, he said, was like “a heavy weight sitting on you.” The trailer is very vulnerable. It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogon（病原体）appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species. As sad as the event was, there’s no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails can’t simply be spread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment, experienced handlers, and a diet of native Hawaiian plants. Consequently, it can be hard for the snails' minders to relax, even when they are outside the trailer. “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?" Sischo said. While action lightens the burden, yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. "If you do it wrong, the snails die.” Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved. Sischo's friends sometimes tease him about being "the strange snail guy' ; strangers ask why he cares. It's hard to convince people, but he insists that if he can just get them in the trailer, they will understand why the Achatinella bulimoides are worth saving. "People melt," he said“When you show them that the entire population is in this chamber, it hits them." 4. What is the trailer used for? A Accommodating guests B. Sheltering snails C. Planting vegetables. D. Alarming thieves. 5. What does the underlined word “vulnerable" mean in paragraph? A. Quite. B. Safe. C. Easily affected. D. Well protected. 6. What is the snail minders' attitude towards their job? A. Relaxed. B. Confident. C. Cautious D. Disapproving 7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. The Last of Its Kind B. The Worst of Times C. Mourn Its Loss D. Resist Possible Dangerous 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。主要说明为了拯救濒临灭绝的蜗牛物种，人类为它们制作了特殊的设备---拖车式房屋，经验丰富的驯养员和夏威夷本地植物的饮食，这些都有益于蜗牛的保护。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“The trailer... It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. ...As sad as the event was, there’s no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails can’t simply be spread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment...”可知，拖车房屋很脆弱。它的设计是为了避免可能被盗，抵御飓风。但是火灾很容易摧毁它，或者疾病可以席卷它。......，但没有好的办法来防止未来的灾难。蜗牛不能简单地在动物园或其他设施中生存：它们需要特殊的设备...。这个特殊的设备就是the trailer。由此可知，这个和the trailer 是给蜗牛住的房子，是收容蜗牛，为其遮风挡雨的。分析选项可知，故B项符合题意。 【5题详解】 猜测词义题。根据划线词The trailer is very vulnerable后的内容 “ It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogen appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段it can be hard for the snails' minders to relax, even when they are outside the trailer.... “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction? yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. "If you do it wrong, the snails die.”蜗牛的看护人员即使在拖车房外也很难放松...“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”但对于自然基本一无所知的动物来说，这种行动可能是危险的。如果你做错了，蜗牛就会死。由此可知，蜗牛看护者对待他们的态度是谨慎小心的。分析选项A. Relaxed.放松的；B. Confident自信的； C. Cautious谨慎小心的；D. Disapproving反对的。可知C项符合题意，故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“.... He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides --a third of the world's population of the species”一天他发现了12种蜗牛，占世界蜗牛总数的三分之一。第二段中的“Last September , a mystery pathogon（病原体）appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.” 去年9月,一个谜似的 (病原体进入了拖车中蜗牛吃的树叶, 几乎杀死整个物种。第三段中的“How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?” Sischo said。“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”由此可推断出：这种蜗牛的数量极少，也就是说“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛“。分析选项可知A项“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛”为短文最佳标题。故选A。 【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。如第2小题属于猜测词义题。根据划线词The trailer is very vulnerable后的内容“ It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogen appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选C。 C When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠). Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur. Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month. Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field. The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur. Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-I think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She is trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly. 8. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn? A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market. C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday. 9. Why are scientists concerned about nutria? A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously. B. Nutria are an endangered species. C. Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals. D. Nutria are illegally hunted. 10. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed. 11. What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan? A. It’s formal. B. It’s risky. C. It’s harmful. D. It’s traditional. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀。展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣。海狸鼠们每年都在破坏大片的湿地，因此设计师称这是一种环保的举措，科学家们也对海狸鼠损坏生态平衡表示了担忧。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree McCree说：“除非了解海狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态造成了巨大的破坏，这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀销售的是无罪恶感皮衣。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail.得知，科学家们如此担心以至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴付给猎人们5美元，可以推断出科学家们担忧海狸鼠们严重破坏生态平衡，。故选A。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. 得知，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但是当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物数量疯长，根据but判断，这是转折关系，以前由于皮毛交易，海狸鼠处于控制，现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增，是由于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的，可以推断出划线词collapsed 是和D.crashed倒闭的意思最相近。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a guilt –free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-I think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least in New York. ” 得知，为了给人们一种无罪的选择，人们可以穿皮衣而不被人们泼油漆，我认为在纽约将是一件巨大的事情，根据模特摩根所说得知，在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。故选B。 D For decades, India’s time zone has been a hotly debated issue. Back in 1884 when time zones were officially established, two time zones were used — Bombay Time and Calcutta Time. Indian Standard Time (IST) was introduced in 1906, but Calcutta Time and Bombay Time continued to be maintained after India’s independence in1947, until 1948 and 1955 respectively. The current single time, though a legacy (遗留物) of British rule, is often viewed as a symbol of unity. Yet, not everyone thinks it is a good idea. India stretches 3,000 km from east to west, extending across roughly 30 degrees longitude. This corresponds to a two-hour difference in mean solar time, based on the position of the sun in the sky. Thus, the sun rises nearly two hours earlier in the east than in India’s far west. In Northeastern states, sunrise can be as early as 4 a.m. in summer and sunset by 4 p.m. in winter, much earlier than the official working hours. This results in great loss of daylight hours and more consumption of electricity, and often reduced productivity. Meanwhile, recent studies point out that the current system leads to a serious problem in education for some students. Nationwide, the school day starts at roughly the same time; thus, children go to bed later and have reduced sep in west India, where the sun sets later. Such sleep deprivation (剥夺) caused by later sunset is more pronounced among the poor, mostly due to their noisy environment and lack of facilities that assist seep, like window shades or indoor beds. On average, an hour’s delay in sunset time reduces children’s sleep by 30 minutes, and an hour’s delay in annual average sunset time reduces education by about 0.8 years. As a result, children living in locations with later sunsets are less likely to complete primary and middle school education. Despite various requests and proposals for multiple time zones, the government is keen to maintain the current system. Reasons provided include prevention of confusion and safety issues regarding railway and fight operations. 12. Which of the following illustrates the Indian time zone system since 1955? A. B. C. D. | 13. According to the passage, when is most likely the sunset hour in December in the city of Varanasi shown on the map? A. 7 p.m. B. 6 p.m. C. 5 p.m. D. 4 p.m. 14. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “pronounced” in the third paragraph? A. Noisy. B. Distant. C. Flexible. D. Evident 15. According to the passage, which of the following is a supporting argument for multiple time zones? A. The number of traffic accidents can be checked. B. Children may have better-quality sleep and education. C. Confusion about different times can be avoided. D. The country may remove the impact of British rule. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度的时区历史演变及其引发的相关问题。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For decades, India’s time zone has been a hotly debated issue. Back in 1884 when time zones were officially established, two time zones were used — Bombay Time and Calcutta Time. Indian Standard Time (IST) was introduced in 1906, but Calcutta Time and Bombay Time continued to be maintained after(几十年来，印度的时区一直是一个备受争议的问题。早在1884年正式建立时区时，就使用了两个时区——孟买时间和加尔各答时间。印度标准时间（IST）于1906年引入，但加尔各答时间和孟买时间在之后继续保持不变)”根据第二段“The current single time zone, though a legacy of British rule, is often viewed as a symbol of unity.”（目前的单一时区虽然是英国统治的遗产，但通常被视为团结的象征）可推知，A项中的图片能够说明自1955年以来的印度时区系统。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“India’s independence in 1947, until 1948 and 1955 respectively. The current single time zone, though a legacy of British rule, is often viewed as a symbol of unity. Yet, not everyone thinks it is a good idea. India stretches 3,000 km from east to west, spanning roughly 30 degrees longitude. This corresponds to a two-hour difference in mean solar time, based on the position of the sun in the sky. Thus, the sun rises nearly two hours earlier in the east than in India’s far west. In Northeastern states, sunrise can be as early as 4 a.m. in summer and sunset by 4 p.m. in winter, much earlier than the official working hours. This results in great loss of daylight hours and more consumption of electricity, and often reduced productivity. (印度分别于1947年、1948年和1955年独立。目前的单一时区虽然是英国统治的遗产，但通常被视为团结的象征。然而，并不是每个人都认为这是一个好主意。印度东西绵延3000公里，经度约为30度。根据太阳在天空中的位置，这相当于平均太阳时的两小时差。因此，太阳从东方升起的时间比印度遥远的西部早了近两个小时。在东北部各州，夏季日出最早可在凌晨4点，冬季日落最早可于下午4点，比官方工作时间早得多。这会导致大量的白天时间损失和更多的电力消耗，并且往往会降低生产率)”可知，根据太阳在天空中的位置，在印度会有两小时的时差，瓦拉纳西市处于东经83度，距离印度最东侧东经68度相差15度，距离印度最西侧东经97度相差14度，基本上处于印度中间位置，因此冬季日落最早可于下午4点，太阳从东方升起的时间比印度遥远的西部早了近两个小时，日落也早2个小时，处于中间位置就早1个小时。由此可推知，瓦拉纳西市12月的日落时间最有可能是五点。故选C。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“Meanwhile, recent studies point out that the current system leads to a serious problem in education for some students. (同时，最近的研究指出，目前的制度导致了一些学生在教育方面的严重问题)”以及划线单词所在的后半句话“mostly due to their noisy environment and lack of sleep-inducing facilities like window shades or indoor beds(主要是因为他们的环境嘈杂，缺乏像窗帘或室内床这样的睡眠诱导设施)”可知，这种由日落引起的睡眠剥夺在穷人中更为显著。所以划线单词的意思为“显著的”。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“ Meanwhile, recent studies point out that the current system leads to a serious problem in education for some students. Nationwide, the school day starts at roughly the same time; thus, children go to bed later and have reduced sleep in west India, where the sun sets later. Such sunset-induced sleep deprivation is more pronounced among the poor, mostly due to their noisy environment and lack of sleep-inducing facilities like window shades or indoor beds. On average, an hour’s delay in sunset time reduces children’s sleep by 30 minutes, and an hour’s delay in annual average sunset time reduces education by about 0.8 years. As a result, children living in locations with later sunsets are less likely to complete primary and middle school education. (与此同时，最近的研究指出，目前的制度导致了一些学生在教育方面的严重问题。在全国范围内，上学时间基本相同;因此，在太阳落山较晚的西印度，孩子们晚睡，睡眠时间减少。这种由日落引起的睡眠剥夺在穷人中更为明显，主要是由于他们的环境嘈杂，缺乏窗帘或室内床等促进睡眠的设施。平均来说，日落时间延迟一小时会使儿童的睡眠减少30分钟，而年平均日落时间延迟1小时会使教育减少约0.8年。因此，居住在日落较晚地区的儿童完成小学和中学教育的可能性较小。)”可知，如果采用单一的时区系统，会让儿童的睡眠减少，对教育产生不好的影响。由此可推知，如果采用多个时区，就会减少这种影响。所以“孩子们可能有更好的睡眠和教育质量。”是对多个时区论点的支持。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____16____ When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____17____ Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____18____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. ____19____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. ____20____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission. What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。 【18题详解】 空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据空前内容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据下文内容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，此处算是站在大学的角度，提出如何把教学当成他们的首要核心任务。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项E“Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.(在最近，努力改进教学水平的现象已经出现了。)”与下文形成转折，旨在说明，促使教学成为核心任务的艰巨性和重要性。故选E。 【点睛】 第三部分 语言知识运用（共2节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） A week ago, my daughter said, “Mom, I don’t think I’m very athletic.” I paused for a moment, and then what came out of my ____21____ was: “No, you’re kind of not.” — I’ve observed her engaged in various sports, and she is just like me: two left feet. But even knowing it, my first instinct (本能) was to snow her with some ____22____ “Oh, you’re actually good at sports!” I resisted the urge, ____23____ , and told her the truth. And I could see it hurt a bit. So I ____24____ : “Ava, we all have things we are naturally good at. Like you and ____25____ : You’re in the 5th grade and read Charles Dickens. But we also have things we are not good at. If we want to reach a satisfactory level at those things, we have to ____26____ twice the effort and if we want to ____27____ we need to try even harder.” She was nodding. She totally ____28____ it. Why? Because it’s the truth. Sometimes I wonder why we run around talking nonsense to our kids when they can ____29____ the truth. And they can smell rubbish from a mile away. When they realize we are lying, we damage our ____30____ . I want my kids to have a ___31___ understanding of themselves so they won’t be ____32____ when things get tough. They can be Olympians, but nobody is going to hand it to them and ____33____ may work against them. They will understand that many things ____34____ a nearly inhumane amount of WORK. Things are not deserved. They are ____35____ . 21. A. head B. sight C. mind D. mouth 22. A. sense B. advice C. rubbish D. love 23. A. therefore B. however C. besides D. otherwise 24. A. replied B. added C. sighed D. repeated 25. A. learning B. speaking C. reading D. writing 26. A. put in B. put away C. put up D. put off 27. A. improve B. excel C. pass D. continue 28. A. made B. forgot C. got D. did 29. A. learn B. ignore C. suffer D. handle 30. A. credibility B. personality C. capability D. stability 31. A. heart-felt B. hot-headed C. right-sized D. good-natured 32. A. tired B. shocked C. excited D. relieved 33. A. nature B. time C. history D. experience 34. A. perform B. increase C. demand D. change 35. A. connected B. settled C. expected D. earned 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述母亲坦诚告知女儿不擅长运动，引导女儿正确认识自己、明白努力的意义的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我停顿了一下，然后从嘴里说出来的是：“不，你确实不太擅长。”A. head头；B. sight视力；C. mind头脑；D. mouth嘴。根据下文“No, you’re kind of not”可知，此处指从嘴里说出的话，符合语境。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使知道这一点，我的第一反应还是用一些废话敷衍她：“哦，你其实很擅长运动！”A. sense感觉；B. advice建议；C. rubbish废话、无意义的话；D. love爱。结合后文“ “Oh, you’re actually good at sports!” I resisted the urge”可知，此处指敷衍的废话。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我忍住了这种冲动，告诉了她真相。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. besides此外；D. otherwise否则。上文““Oh, you’re actually good at sports!””和“I resisted the urge”存在转折关系，用 however。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我补充道：“艾娃，我们都有天生擅长的事情。”A. replied回复；B. added补充；C. sighed叹气；D. repeated重复。根据上文“ told her the truth”可知，此处是进一步补充说明。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像你和阅读：你才五年级就已经在读查尔斯・狄更斯的书了。A. learning学习；B. speaking说话；C. reading阅读；D. writing写作。根据后文“You’re in the 5th grade and read Charles Dickens”可知，此处指擅长阅读。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们想在这些事情上达到令人满意的水平，我们必须付出双倍的努力。A. put in投入（时间、精力等）；B. put away收好；C. put up举起；D. put off推迟。结合下文“effort”可知，此处指投入努力，put in effort 为固定搭配，符合语境。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们想表现出色，就需要更加努力。A. improve提高；B. excel表现出色、擅长；C. pass通过；D. continue继续。结合前文“to reach a satisfactory level at those things”可知， 此处指表现出色需要更努力，excel符合语境。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她完全明白了。A. made制作；B. forgot忘记；C. got理解、明白；D. did做。根据前文“She was nodding”可知，女儿听懂了母亲的话。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我想知道，当孩子们能够承受真相时，我们为什么还要在他们身边说些废话。A. learn学习；B. ignore忽视；C. suffer遭受；D. handle承受、应对。结合后文“they can smell rubbish from a mile away”可知，孩子们能分辨真假，也能承受真相。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们意识到我们在撒谎时，我们就会损害我们的可信度。A. credibility可信度；B. personality性格；C. capability能力；D. stability稳定性。根据上文“When they realize we are lying”并结合常识可知，撒谎会让孩子不再相信我们，即损害可信度。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子们能正确认识自己，这样当事情变得艰难时，他们就不会感到震惊。A. heart-felt衷心的；B. hot-headed急躁的；C. right-sized合理的、正确的；D. good-natured脾气好的。根据上文“told her the truth”可知，母亲坦诚告知女儿真相，目的是让女儿正确认识自己。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子们能正确认识自己，这样当事情变得艰难时，他们就不会感到震惊。A. tired疲惫的；B. shocked震惊的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relieved放松的。根据上文“want my kids to have ____ understanding of themselves”可知，正确认识自己后，面对困难就不会感到意外和震惊。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们可以成为奥运选手，但没有人会把奖牌送到他们手上，而且天性可能会对他们不利。A. nature天性、本性；B. time时间；C. history历史；D. experience经验。根据上文“A week ago, my daughter said, “Mom, I don’t think I’m very athletic.””可知，此处指天性可能会成为阻碍。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会明白，很多事情都需要付出近乎不人道的努力。A. perform执行；B. increase增加；C. demand需要、要求；D. change改变。结合下文“a nearly inhumane amount of WORK”可知，很多事情需要大量努力。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们不是凭空得来的，而是挣来的。A. connected连接；B. settled解决；C. expected期待；D. earned挣得、获得。根据上文“Things are not deserved.”可知，一切都需要通过努力挣来，earned 符合语境。故选D。 非选择题部分 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Step Pyramid, built around the 27th century BCE, was the tallest structure of its time. ____36____ numerous discussions on pyramid-building techniques, how these massive stones, some weighing 300 kilograms, ____37____ (move) remains a mystery. According to a study, a hydraulic (液压) lift system consistent with the pyramid’s internal architecture could explain ____38____ (it) construction. The research team proposed that ancient ____39____ (stream) from the west of the Saqqara plateau flowed into deep-water tunnels ____40____ (surround) the Step Pyramid. These waters would have filled the Gisr el-Mudir, ____41____ massive stone structure acting as a dam to control and store floodwater. This water could have powered a hydraulic lift within the pyramid’s vertical shaft (竖井), raising heavy stones. Although the theory is innovative, some Egyptologists remain ____42____ (convinced) . A more widely accepted theory is that ramps and haulage (货运) devices were used ____43____ (position) the heavy blocks. David Jeffreys of University College London argues that the ancient climate may not have supported such a hydraulic system, ____44____ it required more rainfall than was likely available. The study’s authors acknowledged that the hydraulic lift system might not have been ____45____ (permanent) filled with water but rather operated during periods of flash floods. More research is needed to understand the rainfall and flooding during that time. 【答案】36. Despite 37. were moved 38. its 39. streams 40. surrounding 41. a 42. unconvinced 43. to position 44. because##as##for##since 45. permanently 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于阶梯金字塔建造技术的新理论，即液压升降系统理论，并对比了其他传统理论，同时指出该新理论尚需进一步研究验证。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管人们就金字塔建造技术进行了无数讨论，但这些重达300公斤的巨石是如何移动的仍是一个谜。“numerous discussions on pyramid-building techniques”和“how these massive stones, some weighing 300 kilograms, _____ (move) remains a mystery”之间存在转折关系，故用介词despite(尽管)引导让步状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Despite。 【37题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管人们就金字塔建造技术进行了无数讨论，但这些重达300公斤的巨石是如何移动的仍是一个谜。move(移动)是谓语动词，与主语stones之间是被动关系，讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，be动词用were。故填were moved。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：根据一项研究，一种与金字塔内部结构一致的液压升降系统可以解释它的建造。提示词修饰名词construction，用形容词性物主代词its作定语，意为“它的”。故填its。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究小组提出，来自萨卡拉高原西部的古代溪流流入环绕阶梯金字塔的深水隧道。可数名词stream作从句主语，意为“溪流”，根据句意，不止一条溪流，用复数形式表泛指。故填streams。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究小组提出，来自萨卡拉高原西部古代溪流流入环绕阶梯金字塔的深水隧道。“(surround) the Step Pyramid”作后置定语修饰名词tunnels，surround(环绕)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语tunnels之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填surrounding。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这些水将填满Gisr el-Mudir，这是一个巨大的石头结构，作为一个水坝来控制和储存洪水。structure是可数名词单数形式，在句中表示“一个结构”，泛指，且massive发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管这个理论很有创新性，但一些埃及古物学家仍然对此持怀疑态度。remain是系动词，接形容词作表语，根据“Although the theory is innovative”可知，前后是转折关系，一些埃及古物学家仍然对此持怀疑态度，应用反义形容词unconvinced作表语，意为“怀疑的”。故填unconvinced。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个被广泛接受的理论是，使用坡道和运输设备来定位这些重块。be used to do...是固定搭配，意为“被用来……”，用动词不定式to position作目的状语。故填to position。 【44题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：伦敦大学学院的David Jeffreys认为，古代的气候可能不支持这样的液压系统，因为它需要的降雨量可能超过了实际降雨量。后句“it required more rainfall than was likely available”是前句“the ancient climate may not have supported such a hydraulic system”的原因，用从属连词because/as/for/since引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。故填because/as/for/since。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：该研究的作者承认，液压升降系统可能不会永久性地充满水，而是在山洪暴发期间运行。提示词修饰动词filled，用副词permanently作状语，意为“永久性地”。故填permanently。 第四部分 写作（共2节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你听了外教Mr White 关于听力技巧的专题讲座，受益匪浅。请给他写一封邮件表示感谢，内容包括： 1. 你的收获； 2. 你今后的打算。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr White, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One Possible Version: Dear Mr White, I’m Li Hua, one of the students who attended your lecture on how to improve our listening skills. I’m writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for your informative and engaging workshop, which offers me practical tips and strategies. It is your emphasis on active listening that encourages me to focus not just on words but also on intonation and context, which has significantly improved my understanding of conversations. I now find myself better able to grasp the slight differences in dialogues. To consolidate what I’ve learned from your session, I will continue to do listening exercise regularly, applying these useful techniques while listening. Looking forward to attending your fascinating lectures again! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就上周听了外教Mr White关于听力技巧的专题讲座给他写一封邮件表示感谢。其内容包括： 你的收获和你今后的打算。 【详解】1.词汇积累 感谢：gratitude→appreciation 有趣的：engaging→interesting 鼓励：encourage→inspire 专注于：focus on→concentrate on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I now find myself better able to grasp the slight differences in dialogues. 拓展句： I find that I am able to grasp the slight differences in dialogues better now. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m Li Hua, one of the students who attended your lecture on how to improve our listening skills. （运用了who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】 To consolidate what I’ve learned from your session, I will continue to do listening exercise regularly, applying these useful techniques while listening.（运用了what引导的宾语从句和状语从句的省略） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My dad, George, only had an eighth grade education. A quiet man, he didn’t understand my world of school activities. From age 14, he worked. And his dad, Albert, took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses. I didn’t really understand his world either: He was a livestock trucker, and I thought that I would surpass (超过) anything he had accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school graduation. Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets, hitting a baseball, or throwing a football, preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. In poor weather, I read about sports or practiced my trombone (长号). The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field. He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals. After a short way, the farmer stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed. Then we began again. This happened over and over, but we soon learned to identify different grasses like cockleburs, lamb’s-quarters, foxtails, and the king of weeds, the pretty purple thistle. It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to. At home, my dad said, “A job’s a big step to growing up. I’m glad you will be contributing to the household.” My dad’s words made me realize that my earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished. My labors lasted about two weeks, and the farmer said there might be more work, but I wasn’t interested. I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my money. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： When I bought my paycheck home — it was $119 — my dad wanted to talk to me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： I was surprised that my dad allowed me to use the money as I wished. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When I brought my payback home — it was $119 — my dad wanted to talk to me. He told me to wait in the living room for a while. Silence reigned in the room. I sat on the sofa, eyes glued to the money I earned. I kept digging in my mind for words to argue with dad if he announced that the money wasn’t mine. Just then, the door opened and in came my dad. The moment he sat down beside me, I gripped the paycheck more firmly, ready to argue. However, he gently placed his right hand on my shoulder and said, “I know you have grown up a lot through your work …” Then there was a long pause. He withdrew his hand and slowly continued, “You deserve the money and the money is yours now.” I was surprised that my dad allowed to use the money as I wished. In the blink of an eye, numerous fun activities I could do presented themselves to me. I sprang to my feet and kept jumping, still wild with joy and astonishment. On that day, after calculating my budget, I went to the local store and bought many things I wanted — a new football, a baseball bat and a pair of sneakers and so on. Better yet, the idea of giving back to the farmer and working more popped into my mind. At exactly that moment, I realized why my father let me have the money — it was his expectation for my future, his encouragement and quiet love. And that was something I might never surpass. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中毕业后，参加农场工作，辛辛苦苦挣到的钱，不情愿贡献给家庭，后来在与父亲的对话中，作者的父亲允许作者安排自己赚来的零花钱，但是作者深受启发，明白了父亲对自己未来的期望，作者也终于想通，并自豪地将自己劳动所得交给父亲的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当我把119美元的工资支票拿回家时，我爸爸想和我谈谈。”可知，第一段可描写作者和爸爸之间针对于如何花费这笔钱展开了对话和父亲做出安排。 ②由第二段首句内容“我很惊讶，我爸爸允许我按自己意愿使用这笔钱。”可知，第二段可描写作者如何计划使用这笔钱，并最终明白要奉献这笔钱然后自豪地把钱交给了父亲。 2. 续写线索：高兴——计划——不情愿——发现——奉献——自豪——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①一起走路：walk together/accompany him/keep him company ②.回家：go back home/return home ③.拒绝：shake his head/decline/refuse politely 情绪类 ① 紧紧地：firmly/tightly ②. 惊喜和愉悦：with joy and astonishment/greatly joyful and astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1]. The moment he sat down beside me, I gripped the paycheck more firmly, ready to argue. (运用了the moment引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2]. At exactly that moment, I realized why my father let me have the money — it was his expectation for my future, his encouragement and quiet love. (运用了why引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $