专题01 单项选择（复习讲义）（四川专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题01 单项选择（复习讲义）（四川专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 名词与冠词 考点二 形容词与副词 考点三 代词与数词 考点四 介词与连词 考点五 情态动词 考点六 复合句 考点七 动词的时态与语态 考点八 固定搭配与短语 考点九 情景交际与语境理解 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型，考查内容多以语法、词汇为主，也考查交际用语和句子情景理解等。北京中考主要考查考查句法、词法，根据上下文理解、语法或词法的要求选出能够填入空白中的最佳选项。 热考角度 主要考查代词、介词、连词、形容词、副词、情态动词、时态、被动语态和宾语从句。近几年动词时态所占分值较高,应引起重视 词法 代词 句法 疑问句 介词 并列句 情态动词 宾语从句 形容词、副词 状语从句 连词 动词时态、语态 考点一 名词与冠词 1.（2025年四川成都）. I volunteered as ________ guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend. A. an B. the C. a 2.（2025年四川达州）. —Karm, what are you doing? —I’m reading an article. ________ article is about Dazhou. A. A B. An. C. The 3.（2025年四川遂宁）2025年四川省遂宁. —Alan, could you pass me the ________ over there? I want to look up a word. —Sure. Here you are. A. pen B. dictionary C. ruler D. pencil 名词 1.单数可数名词变复数的规则变化 规则 示例 一般在词尾加-s mistake—mistakes,customer—customers,place—places 以s,x,sh,ch结尾，在词尾加-es class—classes,box—boxes,wish—wishes,watch—watches 特例：stomach—stomachs 以y结尾 “元音字母+y”，在词尾加-s boy—boys,toy—toys,way—ways “辅音字母+y”，把y变为i，再加-es city—cities,family—families,activity—activities 以f或fe结尾，一般把f或fe变为v，再加-es leaf—leaves,wolf—wolves,knife—knives 以o结尾 有生命的，在词尾加-es potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes,hero—heroes 特例：kangaroo—kangaroos 无生命的，在词尾加-s radio—radios,piano—pianos,zoo—zoos,photo—photos 2.可数名词复数的特殊形式 形式 示例 单数变复数时元音字母变化 foot—feet,tooth—teeth,man—men,woman—women,Englishman—Englishmen,Frenchman—Frenchmen 单复数同形 fish（鱼）,sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese 只用复数形式 glasses（眼镜），scissors，clothes（衣服），trousers,pants 本身可以表示复数意义 people（人们）,police（警察）,cattle（牛） 其他特殊形式 mouse—mice,child—children 名词所有格 名词所有格主要表示名词与名词之间的关系，即被修饰的名词与修饰它的名词之间的所属关系。 类别 构成方法 例子 单数名词 加-’s Mary’s sister my dad’s car the actress's name 复数 名 词 以-s结尾 加’ the teachers’office the girls’interests your grandparents'room 不以-s结尾 加-’s Children’s Day Women’s Day 冠词 一、基本用法 用法 示例 用于首次提到的可数名词单数前，表示泛指 Journey to the West is a traditional Chinese book. 泛指某一类人、事或物，以区别于其他种类 It's an action movie. 表示数量“一”，相当于one My grandmother has a/one dog and two cats. 在序数词前，表示“又一；再一” If I fail this time,I will try a second time. 用于表明价格、频率、速度等，表示“每一”，相当于every once a week（一周一次） 10 kilometers an hour（每小时10千米） a和an的区别 a用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于发音以元音音素开头的单词前。应注意不定冠词a或an的选择取决于其后单词音标的首个音素而不是单词的首字母。 拓展常见易误用不定冠词的单词或短语 a European country a university an umbrella an unfinished letter an honest man an hour a one-year-old baby an 8-year-old girl an 11-floor building 定冠词 用法 示例 特指上文提到的或双方都知道的人或物（需要结合上文） I bought an English dictionary this morning.The dictionary is very good.（上文提到） Pass me the salt.（双方知道） 用于形容词最高级或序数词前 注意：形容词最高级前面或序数词前面有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格时,不加冠词 Alan is the tallest boy in his class. After the game,the first thing they want to do is to take a hot bath. The dress is my nicest one. 用于表示世上独一无二的事物的名词前 the world the moon the sun the universe 在动词play（演奏）后与表示乐器的名词连用 I like playing the piano/violin. 用于表示方向、方位的名词前 Shandong lies in the north of China. 用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇二人 The Greens live next to us. 与某些形容词连用，表示“一类人” The disabled（残疾人） the old（老年人） 用于整十年份的复数之前，表示年代 I began to learn English in the 1980s. 用在一些由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall（长城） the Summer Palace（颐和园） the World Bank（世界银行） 用在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等地理名词前 the Alps（阿尔卑斯山脉） the（River）Thames（泰晤士河） 用于“动词+sb.+in/on+the+身体部位”结构（此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替the） A falling branch hit Tom on the head during the storm. The boy accidentally hit his friend in the face while playing basketball. 口诀助记：特指、重提和唯一，专有名词和乐器，方位、序数、最高级，请你记住定冠词。 零冠词 用法 示例 学科、一日三餐（前有形容词修饰时，要加不定冠词a/an.如:a big dinner一顿丰盛的晚餐）、与play连用的球类运动、棋牌类游戏前不加冠词 —Do you like physics? —No,but I like playing basketball and chess. I usually have lunch with my classmates at school. 星期、月份、除中国传统节日外的节假日等名词（短语）前不加冠词 June 1st is Children's Day. Are you busy next Monday? 一些国名、人名、街道名、广场、车站等专有名词前不加冠词 Tian'anmen Square（天安门广场）Wall Street（华尔街） Nanjing Road（南京路） 名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不加冠词 This child likes watching cartoons. 1．—Are all the students from ________ in your class? —No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans 2．You can see the ________ on our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years. A．pride B．proud C．press 3．Tony wants to be ________ actor when he grows up. A．a B．an C．the 4．—Do you know ________ man beside the black car? Is he the owner of the car? —No, he is a worker from a car-washing station. Don’t you see he is wearing ________ uniform? A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a 5．The boy failed to reach the top of the mountain twice, but his father encouraged him to try ________ third time. A．/ B．a C．the 考点二 形容词与副词 1.（ 2025年四川成都）Mount Gongga is the ________ mountain in Sichuan, higher than any other in this area. A. high B. higher C. highest 2.（2025年四川遂宁）2025年四川省遂宁 —Be careful! The traffic light is red. It’s ________ to cross the street now. Wait a minute. —Thank you for reminding me. A. busy B. dangerous C. crowded D. safe 3.（2025年四川遂宁） A new term is coming. Susan is making a plan ________ to improve her study. A. suddenly B. politely C. carefully D. easily 4.（2025年四川达州）—If ________ people drive cars, there will be ________ air pollution. —I think so. I hope our environment will be better and better. A. fewer; less B. less; fewer C. more; less 一、形容词的用法 形容词是用来修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。其功能和位置如下： 功能 位置 示例 作定语 一般位于名词前，起描述、修饰的作用，即“adj.+n.” The nice girl is my sister. 修饰复合不定代词时，通常后置，即“something/anything/nobody/everyone/nothing/...+adj.” One day at school, something strange caught Ann's attention. 作表语 位于系动词后，即“be/feel/become/keep/...+adj.” Don't be afraid. You will feel sleepy if you stay up late. 作宾语补足语 常置于keep、make、think等动词之后作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征 You must keep your eyes closed. 二、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est fast faster fastest near nearer nearest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st late later latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y变i，再加-er或-est easy easier easiest early earlier earliest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big hot fat wet thin bigger hotter fatter wetter thinner biggest hottest fattest wettest thinnest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most careful beautiful quickly carefully more careful more beautiful more quickly more carefully most careful most beautiful most quickly most carefully 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best many/much more most bad/badly worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest little（少量） less least 二、形容词和副词的比较等级的常用结构 1.原级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 as+形容词/副词原形+as 和……一样…… She is as beautiful as her mother. I worked as hard as before. not+so/as+形容词/副词原形+as 不如……那样…… I can't type so fast as you. 拓展 原级的修饰语 表示程度的副词（quite、very、too、so、enough等）只能修饰形容词和副词原级。 例：①He is very tall. ②She is old enough to drive. 2.比较级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 比较级+than 比……更…… Cassie's room is bigger than mine. The weather here is hotter than that in Yunnan. 比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… It's getting warmer and warmer. the+比较级， the+比较级 越……，就越…… The more books you read, the more you know. Which/What/Who...+比较级, A or B? 哪一个/什么/谁更……,A还是B? Who plays tennis better, Mike or Sam? the+比较级+of the two... 两者中较……的那一个 Anne is the taller of the two girls. 拓展 比较级的修饰语 much、a lot、even、far、a little、a bit等可修饰比较级，放在比较级前面，表程度。 例：①It's a bit colder today than yesterday. ②She is much better today. 易错提示 more只能用于构成比较级,不可用于修饰比较级。 3.最高级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 （the+）最高级（+单数名词）+in/of/among+比较范围 在……中最…… It is the biggest city in China. Soccer is the most popular sport in the country. He could jump （the） farthest of all. one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一 He is one of the most popular singers. sth.+be+the+形容词最高级+名词（+that）+ sb.+have/has/had ever +过去分词 某事物是某人所有经历中最……的 He said it was the quietest and most beautiful place he had ever been to. the+序数词+形容词最高级 第几最……的 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 易错提示 形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the,但其前面有形容词性物主代词（my/his/...）或名词所有格（Lily's/China's/...）时不加the；副词最高级前的the可省略。 1．Wang Li is one of ________ students in our class. A．tall B．taller C．the tallest 2．After the dry season, the water in the lakes became ________. A．fewer and fewer B．more and more C．less and less 3．—Sarah, how can I get good grades in the coming exam? —Well, keep your cool and believe in yourself. __________ the questions are, the more careful you should be. A．The more easier B．The easier C．The more easily 4．The ________ you work, the better results you will get. A．hard B．harder C．hardest 5．—What’s the weather like in summer here? —It’s hot. Sometimes it rains ________. A．proper B．heavily C．carefully 考点三 代词与数词 1.（2025年四川成都） Miss Li always has a lot of work to do. For her ________ is more important than a proper plan. A. nothing B. something C. anything 2.（ 2025年四川达州）—Who left a notebook in the English club? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________. A. me, Jack’s B. mine, Jack’s C. mine, Jack 3.（ 2025年四川达州） —When are you going on holiday? —I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July. A. two B. second C. twice 4.（2025年四川遂宁） —At Chengdu Research Base, the panda, Huahua, is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her. —She is so lovely that ________ could say no to her. A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody 一．人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” 二、it的用法 类别 用法 示例 用于指代 指代上文提到的事物（可数名词单数或不可数名词） He bought a new book and he liked it. 指代天气、时间或距离 It's sunny today. It's 8 o'clock. It's a ten-minute bus ride from here to town. 作形式主语 It's+adj.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是……的。/（某人）做某事是……的。 It's important for us to learn a foreign language. It's kind of you to help me with my homework. 作形式宾语 常用在动词find、think、make、consider、feel等之后，代替由动词不定式等表示的真正宾语 I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm gradually getting used to it. 用于某些结构 it depends视情况而定 make it获得成功；准时到达 take it easy别着急；放轻松 I believe I have the talent to make it. The doctor told me to take it easy for a few weeks. 用于固定句型 It seems that... 好像…… It's time to do/for/that... 是……的时间了。 It seems that the coach is satisfied with the result. It's time to say goodbye to your junior high school life. 拓展 it、one和that作代词的区别 it指代同名同物（特指同一事物）。如：I lost my pen. I can't find it anywhere. one指代同名异物（泛指同类事物），复数为ones。如：I need a pen. Can you lend me one? that指代同名异物（特指同类事物），常用于替代比较结构中的名词。如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 三、常见的表示量的不定代词 类别 用法及区别 示例 限定或指代可数名词 each （每个） 限定或指代单数名词； each表示两者或两者以上中的每一个，侧重个体，强调每一个，可与of连用 辨析：every表示三者或三者以上中的每一个，强调全部，只能作定语，不能作代词，不能与of连用 There are lots of trees on each side of the road. I'll ask each of you to speak for 3 minutes. Almost every student in our class passed the English exam. both （两者都） either （两者中的任何一个） neither（两者都不） 指代范围都为“两者”，都可与of连用； 固定搭配：both...and...（两者都） Both Tom and Sam can play the drums. There are flowers on either side of the river. Neither of them has/have a car. few （几乎没有） a few （有些;几个） many （许多） 限定或指代复数名词； few表否定意义； a few表肯定意义； many常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Few people know what happened. She has been doing this for a few years. Many people like to eat junk food. Why did you call so many times? 限定或指代不可数名词 little （几乎没有） a little （一点儿） much （许多） little表否定意义； a little表肯定意义； much常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Don't worry. There is a little time to go. There is little hope of success now. However, too much attention can also be a bad thing. 限定或指代可数和不可数名词 some （一些） any（一些;任何） some多用于肯定句中，也可用于表示邀请或请求的疑问句中； any多用于否定句、疑问句中，在肯定句中表示“任何一个” Some of the boys play football. Would you like some coffee? I need some more paint. There isn't any left. Take any book you like. none （没有一个；毫无） all （全部） 后接复数名词或不可数名词，指代或修饰可数名词时，表示“三者或三者以上都（不）”；都常与of连用 You've had all the fun and I've had all the hard work. None of his three sons live/lives nearby. 拓展 部分否定 each、every、both、all与not连用时表示部分否定；如果要表示全部否定,应使用none或neither。如： Every book is not educative.（不是每本书都有教育意义） None of the books is educative.（每本书都没有教育意义） Not all bamboo grows tall.（并非所有竹子都长得高） None of the bamboo grows tall.（所有竹子都长得不高） I don't want both books.（不是两本书都要） I want neither of the books.（两本书都不要） 2.other、the other、others、the others和another 易混词汇 含义 用法 示例 other 另外的 作定语,常与复数名词连用,但如果前面有the、no、my、your、his等,则可与单数名词连用 Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. My other sister is a doctor. the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用,构成“one...the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部” I have two books—one is English, and the other is French. others 另一些 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）;不能作定语;可以构成“some...others...”结构 Some people still live in their hometown, but others may only go back once or twice a year. the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物 There are many books on the table. Some are English, and the others are French. another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的“另一个,再一个”;作定语时,表示“另一的”或“再加的” I don't like this hat. Please show me another. We need another three chairs. 四、复合不定代词 1.常见的复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- something某事;某物 anything任何事物 nothing没有什么 everything每件事 somebody有人;某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每个人 someone有人;某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 everyone每个人 主要用于肯定句;用于疑问句时,表示希望得到肯定答复 主要用于否定句、疑问句 表示全部否定 常用于肯定句;常与否定词一起表示部分否定 2.复合不定代词的基本用法 （1）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Nobody knows when life on the earth started. Something is wrong with my watch. （2）形容词、不定式或else修饰复合不定代词时需后置，即“复合不定代词+adj./to do/else”。 He realized that there was something wrong. 一、基数词的用法 用法 示例 表示数量 具体数量用“基数词+可数名词单数/复数” one apple two hundred dollars 概数用“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of +可数名词复数” thousands of buildings 表示年代 “in the+整十年份的阿拉伯数字加-s”表示“在……世纪……年代” in the 1980s（在20世纪80年代） 表示年龄 “基数词+year（s）+old”表示“……岁” nine years old “at the age of+基数词”表示“在……岁时” at the age of nine “in one's+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his twenties（在他20多岁时） 表示时刻 表示“……点整”用“基数词+o'clock” three o'clock 若分钟数小于或等于30分钟,用“基数词+past+基数词”，表示“……点过……分” ten past three（三点十分） 若分钟数大于30分钟,用“基数词+to+基数词”，表示“差……分到……点” ten to three（两点五十分） 表示时间/距离等 基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等的词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 Ten minutes is a long time when we are waiting. 用含基数词的名词所有格作定语 fifteen minutes' drive （15分钟的车程） 构成复合形容词 “基数词+连字符+单数名词（+连字符+形容词）”，作定语，表示时间、距离、年龄等 a fifteen-minute drive（一段15分钟的车程） a five-year-old girl 拓展 次数的表达 once“一次”，twice“两次”，三次及以上均由“基数词+times”构成（如three times）。这些词可用于回答how often（多久一次）开头的问句。 二．序数词的用法 用法 示例 修饰单数名词，表示顺序、日期等 the first time（第一次） on the second day 序数词前若无其他修饰成分，必须使用the；如果有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，则不用the The sixth girl on the left is my cousin. This is Tom's second visit to China. 序数词前可以用a或an，此时表示“又一，再一” I have read this book three times, but I want to read it a fourth time. 拓展 分数的表达 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，表示分母的序数词后加s。分母若是2，通常用half表示；分母若是4，可以用quarter表示。如： 1/2 a/one half； 1/3 a/one third； 3/4 three quarters/three fourths； 2/5 two fifths。 1．—Which do you prefer, milk or juice? —________ of them. I like tea. A．Either B．Both C．Neither 2．Nowadays the population of India has already become larger than _____ of China. A．one B．it C．that 3．—I put on 3 kilos in the holiday. —That’s a shame! Young people should try to protect ________ against getting fat. A．yourselves B．ourselves C．themselves 4．________ the engineers are testing new AI models to make sure they can be well used in the government’s program. A．Five hundred B．Three hundred of C．Two hundreds 5．The _________ letter in the word “century” is “n”. A．second B．third C．fifth 考点四 介词与连词 1.（ 2025年四川成都）Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025. A. in B. on C. at 2. （ 2025年四川成都）Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ________ it can stay open forever. A. before B. although C. so that 一、时间介词 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in spring in March 表示在上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. within within+一段时间，表示“在……之内” He finished the report within three days. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、夜晚、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at noon/night for for+一段时间 He has studied English for five years. since since+过去的时间，表示“从……以来（直到现在）”，一般用于现在完成时 He has studied English since 2020. during during+一段时间，表示“在……期间”，常与节日搭配 during his stay in Beijing during the Spring Festival by by+时间点,表示“在……以前；到……为止” I will finish the work by Monday. before/after before/after+时间点，表示“在……之前/后” Please come here before 10 o'clock. I'll ring you up after two o'clock. until/till until/till+时间点，表示“直到……时候）”；not...until...结构表示“直到……才……” I waited for my mother until/till 10 o'clock. I didn't go to bed until 10 o'clock. 二．地点介词 1.表示地理位置的 in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点范围之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Japan lies to the east of China. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 方位 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在某物的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在某物上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在某物的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在某物的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在某物的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 Our apartment is below theirs. 前 in front of 表示在某物的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在某物内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在某物的后面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 表示在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 表示“在……附近” After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. next to 表示“紧邻；在……近旁” by 表示“靠近；在……旁边” beside 表示“在……旁边/附近” 倚 against 表示“紧靠；倚” Put the bike against the wall. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 一、并列连词 并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词，表示并列、顺承、递进、转折、选择、因果等关系。 分类 并列连词 含义及用法 例句 并列关系 and “和;并且；然后”,连接主、谓、宾、表等并列成分或并列的句子，也可表顺承或递进 I am tired and hungry. （表并列） He turned off the light and left the room.（表顺承） She did the work and did it well.（表递进） “那么；就”，用于“祈使句，and+陈述句”结构中 Study hard, and you will make progress. both...and... “……和……都”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 Both he and his friend like playing basketball. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Not only you but also he does very well in the project. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Neither I nor he has been to America. 转折关系 but “但是”,不和though或although连用 Our team was not strong, but we beat them at last. 选择关系 or “或者”，在否定句中表示“也不” Which do you like better, juice or coffee? He can't read or write. “否则”，用于“祈使句，or+陈述句”结构中 Let's put the cake in the fridge, or it may go bad tomorrow. either...or... “或者……或者……”, 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要与最近的主语保持一致 Either you or I am going to attend the meeting. 因果关系 so “因此; 所以” （不和because同时使用）,表示结果 I was ill, so I didn't go to school. for “因为”, 用于补充说明理由,不放在句首，不能用于回答why开头的问句 Many accidents happen, for people are careless. 对比关系 while “然而”，用于对比 Mrs. Liu likes music while her husband likes sports. 二、从属连词 从属连词主要用于引导状语从句，可位于句首或句中。 分类 从属连词及其含义 例句 引导时间状语从句 when “当……的时候” When I got home, my sister was doing her homework. while “当……的时候” While he was washing the car, Jenny was cooking dinner. as “随着；当……时” As time goes by, he is getting stronger and stronger. before/after “在……之前/之后” Do it before you forget. since “自……以来”（since引导的从句用一般过去时） I have worked in this school since I graduated from Peking University. until/till “直到……为止” I'll wait for you until/till you come to see me. not...until/till “直到……才……” I didn't go to bed until/till I finished my homework. as soon as “一……就……” I'll ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing. 引导条件状语从句 if “如果” I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. unless（=if...not） “如果不；除非” Unless he says sorry to me, I won't talk to him. =If he doesn't say sorry to me, I won't talk to him. as/so long as “只要” We'll goas long as the weather is good. 引导原因状语从句 because “因为”（语气强，可以回答why开头的问句） I was late because I missed the school bus. since “因为；既然”（表示已知的理由） Since everyone is here, let's begin. as “因为；由于”（语气较弱） As I had a sore throat, I kept silent in class. 引导目的状语从句 so that “以便”（不用于句首） He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus. in order that “为了” He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. 引导结果状语从句 so...that“如此……以至于”（so修饰形容词/副词） She is so lovely that we all love her. such...that “如此……以至于”（such修饰名词） She is such a lovely girl that we all love her. 引导让步状语从句 though/although/even though/while “尽管；虽然” Although/Though Mike didn't win the race, he was still wearing a smile on his face. 引导方式状语从句 as “照……方式；正如” They did as I had asked. as if/as though “好像” They talked as though they had been friends for years. 拓展 主将从现 在含if、when、unless、as soon as、until、till等引导的状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时表将来。 例：I will call you as soon as I get home. What are you going to be when you grow up? If you keep working hard, you will succeed some day. 1．—What do you usually do __________ Sunday? —I usually take exercise. A．on B．in C．at 2．Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China, and it is ________ the east of Fujian. A．in, to B．to, in C．to, on 3．Reading can ________ improve our writing skills, ________ bring us happiness. Both are important. A．not only; but also B．either; or C．neither; nor 4．It’s raining outside. You can wear a raincoat ________ take an umbrella. A．and B．or C．but 5．My friend Julie has a guitar, ________ she plays it really well. A．but B．and C．so 考点五 情态动词 1.（ 2025年四川成都）—I’ve heard Lucy will join the art club. —It ________ be true. She’s already in the basketball club. We can only choose one. A. should B. can’t C. must 2.（ 2025年四川遂宁） —I have no time to buy things in the supermarket. —Don’t worry. You can shop online instead. That way, you ________ waste a lot of time going from shop to shop. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 1．—Mum, why do we have to wait at the crossing for such a long time? —For our safety, we _________ be too careful. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t 2．— Mr. Smith, must I complete the reading report today? — No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t 3．—Look! Is the man over there our headmaster? —No, it ________ be him. He is having a meeting in the office now. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t 4．—I feel nervous about the coming exam. —You __________ play computer games. After all, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. A．may B．needn’t C．mustn’t 5．—Could I ride an electric bicycle to school, Mr. Wang? —No, you ________. Students under the age of 16 aren’t allowed to ride electric bicycles. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．can’t 考点六 动词的时态与语态 1.（ 2025年四川省成都）In April, some planarians (涡虫) ________ into China’s space station for scientific research. A. were taken B. took C. were taking 2.（ 2025年四川成都）—Tina, the phone ________. Can you answer it? —Sure, Mum. A. was ringing B. is ringing C. rang 六种常考时态的构成及用法 一般现在时 结构 1.主语＋am/is/are＋其他 2.主语＋动词原形/动词单三形式＋其他 标志词 1.频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly 2.频率词组：once a year, twice a month, three times a day等 3.其他词组：on Sundays, at/on weekends, every day/year...(every系列) 一般过去时 结构 主语＋was/were或动词过去式＋其他 标志词 1.ago及ago词组 2.yesterday及yesterday词组3.last及last词组 4.just now, in the past, in 1920等 5.at the age of..., used to...6.one day, long long ago 一般将来时 结构 1.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋其他2.主语＋be going to＋动词原形＋其他 标志词 1.tomorrow, soon 2.next week/month...(next系列) 3.in a week, in 2022, in＋一段时间 4.one day, in the(near) future 现在进行时 结构 主语＋am/is/are＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.now, right now 2.at present, at this time, at the/this moment 3.these days 4.when, while 5.Look! Listen！ 过去进行时 结构 主语＋was/were＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.then 2.at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday 3.when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 现在完成时 结构 主语＋has/have＋动词过去分词＋其他 标志词 1.already, ever, never, just, yet, still 2.recently, lately, so far, up to/ till now 3.in the past/last three years/... 4.since 1998, since＋时间点 5.for three years, for＋一段时间 被动语态 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（done）”构成。其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词时完全一样。 分类 被动结构 示例 一般现在时 am/is/are+done Chinese is spoken by more and more people around the world nowadays. 一般过去时 was/were+done Tea was invented by accident about 5,000 years ago. 一般将来时 will+be+done； am/is/are going to+be+done To make the environment much better, more trees will be planted next year. 现在进行时 am/is/are+being+done The hair product is being used at present. 现在完成时 have/has+been+done How much e-waste has been produced? 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+done 16-year-old teenagers shouldn't be allowed to drive. Something must be done about the present situation. 1．Miss Lin ________ to Shanghai on business tomorrow. A．flies B．flew C．is flying 2．—Look, I ________ the Chinese painting. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．have finished B．will finish C．am finishing 3．—What are you going to be when you ________ up? —I want to be an astronaut. A．grow B．will grow C．grew 4．—Shall we go to the museum tomorrow? —I’d love to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I ________ my grandparents. A．visit B．visited C．will visit 5．—Hi, Tom. I am so nervous about the coming English speech contest that I can’t sleep all night. —Take it easy. You must be able to win the first prize as long as ________. A．you practice speaking English every day B．you will practice speaking English every day C．you have practiced speaking English every day 考点七 复合句 1.（ 2025年四川成都） It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A. which B. who C. what 2.（ 2025年四川达州）—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________? —Sure. Go straight and turn left at the end of the road. You can find it. A. how I can get to the library B. when I can get to the library C. how can I get to the library 3.（ 2025年四川达州）—What kind of music do you like? —I like music ________ I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I’m full of energy. A. what B. why C. that 4.（2025年四川遂宁）—What kinds of after-school activities do you like? —I like those activities ________ are about P.E. and art. A. who B. whom C. which D. / 5.（2025年四川遂宁）—Could you please tell me ________? —Certainly, there is a modern library on Binjiang Road. You can find different kinds of books here. A. how far the library is B. what I can learn from books C. if there is a mall near here D. where I can find a quiet place to read 状语从句 1.时间状语从句 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，时间状语从句通常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 when “当……时”,从句动词既可为延续性动词,也可为非延续性动词 I felt very happy when you came to see me. while “当……的时候”,从句动词为延续性动词 They rushed in while we were discussing problems. as “当……时”,侧重表示同时发生 Helen heard the story as she washed clothes. “随着” We get wiser as we get older. whenever “每当;任何时候”,可以和every time互换 Whenever I hear that tune,it makes me think of you. Come and visit me whenever you want. since “自……以来”,主句通常用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University. before “在……之前” I will always work hard before I achieve my dream. after “在……之后” She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home. until/till 肯定句中意为“直到……为止”,主句动词用延续性动词 I'll wait for you until/till you come to see me. 否定句中用于“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才”,主句动词用非延续性动词 He didn't cry until he saw his mother. as soon as “一……就……” As soon as he arrives,I'll tell him. 2.原因状语从句 原因状语从句是指在复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的句子。 连词 含义及用法 例句 since “由于,既然”,表示人们已知的事实、显然的理由 Since everyone is here,let's get started. as “因为”,与since的用法相似,所引出的原因很明显,或已为人们所熟知，不需要加以强调 As it was getting late,I turned around to start for home. 3.条件状语从句 条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。主句为祈使句、一般将来时或含有情态动词时,条件状语从句常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 if “如果” I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. unless “除非,如果不”（=if...not） Unless he apologizes,I will refuse to come. We'll go for an outing tomorrow unless it rains（=if it doesn't rain）. 4.结果状语从句 结果状语从句用来补充说明主句动作发生所带来的结果。引导结果状语从句的连词主要有so...that...和such...that...。 知识拓展 such...that...与so...that...的句型结构： such（such是限定词.只能修饰名词（词组））+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that so+形容词/副词+that so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that The boy is so young that he can't go to school. She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much. 5.目的状语从句 目的状语从句用以说明主句动作发生的目的。目的状语从句通常由so that和in order that等引导,表示“为了,以便”。从句中多使用情态动词can、may、will、could、might、would或should等。 ·He must get up early so that he can go to work on time. ·He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. 6.让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示即便出现从句中的情况，主句动作仍然会发生，有“退一步说……”的含义。 连词 含义及用法 例句 though/although “尽管,虽然”,可以与yet连用,但不与but连用 They are generous though they are poor. even though/even if “尽管,即使”,表示的语气更强 We'll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad. while “在……同时;尽管” While the grandparents love the children,they are strict with them. wh-ever类引导词 “无论……”（=no matter+相应的wh-词） Whatever he says,don't believe him. Whoever you ask,you will get the same answer. 宾语从句 1.宾语从句的用法 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句可跟在及物动词、介词和部分形容词之后作宾语。 I wondered how he managed to solve the problem so quickly. She told me（that）she was moving to a new city for her job. She is thinking about what she will do after graduation. I am glad that everyone is here on time. 2.宾语从句的连接词 连词 作用 例句 that 无意义，不作成分，可省略 He said（that）Kate was good at swimming. if/whether 意为“是否”，不可省略 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher. 连接代词what、which、who（m）、whose 在从句中作一定的成分（如主语、宾语等），不可省略 I don't know what they are going to do. He asked me whose book this was. 连接副词when、where、why、how等 在从句中作状语，不可省略 I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up. Do you know how they found the place? 知识拓展 除上述连词外，whatever（任何……的事物；什么……都）、whichever（……的哪个；……的哪些）、whoever（……的那个人或那些人；……的任何人）也可以引导宾语从句。 You can choose whichever book you like from the reading list. 3.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须是陈述语序，即按照先主语后谓语的顺序。 What is Kate's email address?Do you know? →Do you know what Kate's email address is? 4.宾语从句的时态 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、 根据实际情况而定，不受主句时态限制（主现从不限） I remember（that）he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow. 一般过去时、过去进行时 一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时、（主过从必过） He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked me if I had taken his soap. 任一时态 一般现在时（宾语从句表示客观真理、事实或是谚语、俗语） The geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 5.宾语从句的否定形式和疑问形式 （1）宾语从句的特殊否定形式——否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称（I/we），谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I don't think（that）he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 （2）疑问形式 带有宾语从句的陈述句转换为疑问句时通常只需要把主句变为疑问句。 陈述句：She is sure that she will pass the exam. 疑问句：Is she sure that she will pass the exam? 定语从句 在主从复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，先行词通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，又作从句的一个成分。 1.含定语从句的复合句常见的结构 （1）主语+定语从句+动词+宾语 The dog that bark loudly scared the children.那只大声吠叫的狗吓到了孩子们。 （2）主语+动词+宾语+定语从句 I have a question that needs to be answered immediately.我有一个需要立即回答的问题。 2.引导定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词（如that、which、who、whom、whose）和关系副词（如when、where、why）。 （1）关系代词的用法 关系代词 先行词 所作成分 例句 that、who、whom 人 主语、宾语（whom只作宾语） Do you know the girl who/that is standing under the tree? The guest who/whom/that he introduced to us is a famous writer. that、which 物 主语、宾语 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her. whose 人/物 定语 The classroom whose windows are open is mine. 知识拓展 关系代词指代物时只能用that的情况 ①先行词为不定代词all、any、few、little、much、nothing、everything、something、anything等或被其修饰时 ·All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子。 ②先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时 ·This is the first book that I have bought this year.这是我今年买的第一本书。 ·This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。 ③先行词被the only、the very、the last、the same等修饰时 ·This is the very house that I have been looking for.这正是我一直在找的房子。 ④先行词既有人又有物时 ·We are talking about the teachers and schools that we visited last year.我们正在谈论去年我们拜访过的老师和学校。 注意关系代词作介词宾语时，可以把介词前置，这时只能用whom指人，用which指物。 （2）关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 所作成分 例句 when 时间 状语 I still remember the day when（=on which）you left for Beijing. where 地点 This is the school where（=in which）my mother works. why 原因 Could you explain the reason why（=for which）you were late? 注意关系副词通常可替换为“介词+which”。 1．—What do you think of your junior high school life? —I think it’s colorful, ________ I am always busy. A．besides B．although C．unless 2．—What a lovely toy car it is! I want to know ________. —From a store in the old town in Beijing. A．when you bought it B．how you got it C．where you got it 3．We haven’t decided ________ we will take a trip to Luoji Mountain in Puge or not because it depends on the weather. A．whether B．if C．unless 4．The football match ________ I watched yesterday was fantastic. A．when B．that C．who 5．Paul was _______ excited about the trip to Lijiang _______ he couldn’t fall asleep the night before. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that 考点八 固定搭配与短语 1.（2025年四川达州）—When an earthquake hit Yinchuan’s Jinfeng District. Guo Qing, a high school student, helped a classmate who was disabled. —He is kind and brave. Everyone takes ________ in him. A. pride B. proud C. similar 2.（2025年四川达州）—Now we need to come up with a plan to tell people about our book sales. —I think we could ________ sign. A. put off B. put up C. put in 1．This kind of wine ________ fruit and it ________ very well. A．is made of; tastes B．is made with; feels C．is made from; sells 2．—Lily has changed a lot. —I think so. She spends more time than she used to _________English. A．learn B．learning C．learned 3．Little Tom ________ while learning to ride the bike, but he picked himself up quickly instead of crying. A．got up B．put away C．fell down 4．She ________ the newspaper quickly to find the information about the concert. A．looked through B．looked back C．looked for 5．Parents always pay attention to the smallest progress their children make and ________ them. A．take care of B．take after C．take pride in 考点九 情景交际与语境理解 1.（2025年四川成都）—________ is the sports center closed today? —Here’s a notice. Let’s have a look. A. Why B. How C. Whether 2.（2025年四川达州）—Would you like to go to the old people’s home with us tomorrow? —________. But I have to take care of my sister. A. I’d love to B. That sounds boring C. I’m sorry to hear that 3.（2025年四川遂宁）—Mom, I won first prize in the story telling competition. —________ I’m proud of you. A. Good job! B. What a pity! C. My pleasure! D. Take care! 1．—I’m afraid I can’t help you with your problem. —________. A．Not at all. B．I’m not happy. C．Thank you all the same. 2．—Little John solved all the problems by himself! —________ A．What a clever boy he is!B．How kind he is! C．Does he like math? 3．—Could you please help me carry these heavy boxes to the classroom? They are too heavy for me. —________ A．You’re welcome. B．With pleasure. C．It doesn’t matter. 4．—Can I play games on my iPad if I finish all the housework, Mum? —________! It’s against the rules at home. A．How wonderful B．Have a good time C．No way 5．When you eat Hainan Qingbuliang for the first time, you may say, “________” A．It’s so hot. B．Does it taste fresh? C．How cool and fresh it is! 1．—Are all the students from ________ in your class? —No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans 2．Joe broke his sister's toy by accident. His mom used her skills to repair ________ broken toy. As a result, it looked as good as a new one. A．a B．an C．the 3．The difficulty ________ is not terrible. What’s terrible is that we are too afraid of it to take action. A．herself B．itself C．myself 4．—I watched a Sichuan Opera show yesterday. The actors ________ change from red faces to blue faces quickly. —Wow! That must be amazing. A．could B．must C．should 5．Every day, I spend half an hour reading classic Chinese novels ________ more about Chinese culture. A．to learn B．learning C．learned 6．—Listen! Some singers ________ My Homeland. —Yes. They express their love for their country with their beautiful voices. A．sang B．are singing C．sing 7．The Chengdu Metro Line 27 ________ in December 2024, making people’s lives more convenient. A．is opened B．was opened C．will be opened 8．If you want to make more friends and have a ________ social circle, joining a new club may be a good choice. A．wide B．wider C．widest 9．Almost all the tourists ________ go to Chengdu will try the dandan noodles there. A．whose B．which     C．that 10．—I wonder ________ you manage to save pocket money. —I usually make a shopping list before going shopping. A．why B．where C．how 11．—Tianjin is ________ beautiful city in ________ north of China. —Yeah, it’s also very close to the capital city, Beijing. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; / 12．—Where did ________ get the present? —From Helen. She made it by ________. A．you; herself B．her; yourself C．you; myself 13．— How was your school trip? —It was wonderful. We went to the Changbai Mountains. It’s one of ________ natural wonders in Jilin Province. A．famous B．more famous C．the most famous 14．After a two-hour discussion, they ________ came to an agreement. A．greatly B．finally C．specially 15．I really need to take more exercise because I’m ______ weight. A．putting off B．putting on C．putting away 16．—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in five days? —He won’t, unless he ________. A．will attend; is invited B．attends; will be invited C．will attend; invites 17．Home is always a place ________ you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face. A．which B．where C．when 18．—Will Sally come to Mary’s birthday party? —I’m not sure. She ________ come after she finishes her homework. A．might B．must C．should 19．—Kate, do you know ________? —To welcome the New Year. A．when we’ll have the English party B．why we’ll have the English party C．where we’ll have the English party 20．________ wildfire happening in Los Angeles on Jan 7th, 2025, made the local places look like a fire dragon. A．The B．An C．/ 21．As Chinese, we pick up what to eat ________ chopsticks at the table. A．by B．on C．with 22．Didn’t you see the sign 0 on the wall? You________ bring your phone in. A．may B．mustn’t C．needn’t 23．Don’t always ask your parents to do everything for you. Learn to depend on________ . A．myself B．yourself C．themselves 24．A few months ago, many people________ Chengdu Air Show in Dong’ an Lake. A．had been attended B．attended C．would attend 25．As one of the oldest cities in China, Luoyang also has the ________ dynasties, in total of 13. A．largest B．richest C．most 26．China is a country ________ owns the most Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产)。 A．where B．which C．who 27．AI ________ to create lots of fake (假的) pictures, which has a bad influence on society. A．was used B．is used C．will be used 28．Guo Qing carried his disabled classmate on his back to run outside ________ the earthquake came. A．so that B．as soon as C．as long as 29．——Can you imagine ________ people will live 100 years later? —People will live on another planet and work in space stations. A．when B．what C．how 30．To me, DeepSeek is not only _______ AI tool but also _______ caring friend. A．a; a B．an; a C．an; an 31．—Jenny, is this the room we booked? _______ room was supposed to have a mini-kitchen, but I don’t see one. —No. _______ is on the third floor. It has a mini-kitchen as promised. A．Our; Ours B．Your; Our C．Their; Ours 32．—Rita, it seems you have put on some weight recently. —Please don’t _______ my weight anymore. I’m already working on losing it. A．cause B．report C．mention 33．Paul was _______ excited about the trip to Lijiang _______ he couldn’t fall asleep the night before. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that 34．There are many flowers and birds on these ancient pots and they _______ happiness and good luck in Chinese culture. A．care for B．look for C．stand for 35．The children _______ games in the garden when their parents called them in for dinner. A．play B．were playing C．are playing 36．The house _______ stands at the end of the street, with a beautiful garden in front, belongs to my grandparents. A．that B．who C．what 37．—Fiona planned to join our dance club. Do you know _______? —Maybe she didn’t have enough time for it. A．why did she suddenly change her mind B．why she suddenly changed her mind C．why she suddenly changes her mind 38．—I was picked to play in the school basketball game, but I came down with a high fever right before it started. —_______. But I’m sure you’ll do great in the next game. A．It’s a piece of cake B．It’s up to you C．It’s a pity 39．________ is not enough to just sit and listen. Your brain must be active. A．This B．That C．It 40．There was a storm yesterday. ________, most of the flowers in my garden are still alive. A．Clearly B．Luckily C．Suddenly 41．—Do you think it necessary for teenagers to learn cooking at home? —Sure. Cooking is ________ an important part of education in China. A．prepared for B．regarded as C．compared with 42．A true friend can see the pain in your eyes ________ others believe the smile on your face. A．while B．because C．until 43．—Look, I ________ the Chinese painting. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．am finishing B．have finished C．will finish 44．—Doing sports is good for our health. —So we’d better ________ smart phones and take more exercise from now on. A．put away B．clear away C．give away 45．—Excuse me, can I take the seat? —_________ It’s for the elderly only. A．Why not? B．You’d better not. C．Never mind. 46．—Well, the next topic we plan to discuss is about ________ African country, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. —I know that ________ economy here is very backward. A．an; an B．an; the C．a; the 47．This film is based ________ a novel named The Last Day ________ Karen Smith. A．on; by B．on; in C．by; by 48．—This book is one of ________ books I have ever read. —Yes, it’s more interesting than ________. A．more interesting; any other books B．the most interesting; any other book C．the most interesting; the other book 49．—The bike well-________  yesterday broke down again this afternoon. —________ unlucky you are! A．repairing; How B．repaired; What C．repaired; How 50．—My sister told me that the Earth ________ around the sun when I was a kid. —That’s because she hoped that you ________ understand the truth of the universe better. A．went; could B．goes; can C．goes; could 51．—Michael was made ________ the classroom again. —Yes. I think it’s unfair ________ him to always do this. We should share the chores. A．clean; for B．to clean; of C．to clean; for 52．Unluckily, when I arrived at the park, he ________ . A．had been away B．has been away C．had left 53．—George is one of the rare people who ________ in ancient myths. —His search has a great influence ________ himself. A．believe; in B．believe; on C．believes; on 54．—What is the information that was ________? —About the high-technology products in Japan, the country which is ________ the east of China. A．asked; in B．asked for; on C．asked for; to 55．Tom practices playing basketball every day. In this competition, he finally ________, assisting the team to win the victory. A．made it B．took it easy C．gave up 56．— How did people move Stonehenge ________ machines to help them? — ________ knows the answer. A．with; Nobody else B．without; None C．without; No one 57．—How was your trip? —Oh, I couldn’t feel worse. ________ I got to the airport, my plane to Dazhou had already taken off. A．By the time B．Since C．As soon as 58．—Hey, John. I’m stressed about my exam tomorrow. Do you have any other ________? —You can ask your teacher to ________ you on how to study efficiently. A．advice; advise B．advise; advice C．suggestions; advice 59．— Who is Hou Yi? — He was a love-struck man. After Chang’e flew up to the moon, he ________ her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden, he hoped that his beloved could eat them. A．lied out B．lay out C．laid out 60．—Can you help me with this math problem? —Sure, ________. A．it serves you right B．it’s a piece of cake C．old habits die hard 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 单项选择（复习讲义）（四川专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 名词与冠词 考点二 形容词与副词 考点三 代词与数词 考点四 介词与连词 考点五 情态动词 考点六 复合句 考点七 动词的时态与语态 考点八 固定搭配与短语 考点九 情景交际与语境理解 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型，考查内容多以语法、词汇为主，也考查交际用语和句子情景理解等。北京中考主要考查考查句法、词法，根据上下文理解、语法或词法的要求选出能够填入空白中的最佳选项。 热考角度 主要考查代词、介词、连词、形容词、副词、情态动词、时态、被动语态和宾语从句。近几年动词时态所占分值较高,应引起重视 词法 代词 句法 疑问句 介词 并列句 情态动词 宾语从句 形容词、副词 状语从句 连词 动词时态、语态 考点一 名词与冠词 1.（2025年四川成都）. I volunteered as ________ guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend. A. an B. the C. a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末，我自愿在成都博物馆当导游。 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个导游”，guide以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选C。 2.（2025年四川达州）. —Karm, what are you doing? —I’m reading an article. ________ article is about Dazhou. A. A B. An. C. The 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Karm，你正在做什么？——我正在读一篇文章。这篇文章是关于达州的。 考查冠词。A一，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；An一，后接以元音音素开头的单词；The这，定冠词。根据“I’m reading an article”可知，前文已经提到了这篇文章，故后句特指前文提到的同一篇文章，需用定冠词the表示特指。故选C。 3.（2025年四川遂宁）2025年四川省遂宁. —Alan, could you pass me the ________ over there? I want to look up a word. —Sure. Here you are. A. pen B. dictionary C. ruler D. pencil 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Alan，你能把那边的字典递给我吗？我想查一个单词。——当然，给你。 考查名词辨析。pen钢笔；dictionary字典；ruler尺子；pencil铅笔。根据“I want to look up a word”可知，查单词需要用字典，故选B。 名词 1.单数可数名词变复数的规则变化 规则 示例 一般在词尾加-s mistake—mistakes,customer—customers,place—places 以s,x,sh,ch结尾，在词尾加-es class—classes,box—boxes,wish—wishes,watch—watches 特例：stomach—stomachs 以y结尾 “元音字母+y”，在词尾加-s boy—boys,toy—toys,way—ways “辅音字母+y”，把y变为i，再加-es city—cities,family—families,activity—activities 以f或fe结尾，一般把f或fe变为v，再加-es leaf—leaves,wolf—wolves,knife—knives 以o结尾 有生命的，在词尾加-es potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes,hero—heroes 特例：kangaroo—kangaroos 无生命的，在词尾加-s radio—radios,piano—pianos,zoo—zoos,photo—photos 2.可数名词复数的特殊形式 形式 示例 单数变复数时元音字母变化 foot—feet,tooth—teeth,man—men,woman—women,Englishman—Englishmen,Frenchman—Frenchmen 单复数同形 fish（鱼）,sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese 只用复数形式 glasses（眼镜），scissors，clothes（衣服），trousers,pants 本身可以表示复数意义 people（人们）,police（警察）,cattle（牛） 其他特殊形式 mouse—mice,child—children 名词所有格 名词所有格主要表示名词与名词之间的关系，即被修饰的名词与修饰它的名词之间的所属关系。 类别 构成方法 例子 单数名词 加-’s Mary’s sister my dad’s car the actress's name 复数 名 词 以-s结尾 加’ the teachers’office the girls’interests your grandparents'room 不以-s结尾 加-’s Children’s Day Women’s Day 冠词 一、基本用法 用法 示例 用于首次提到的可数名词单数前，表示泛指 Journey to the West is a traditional Chinese book. 泛指某一类人、事或物，以区别于其他种类 It's an action movie. 表示数量“一”，相当于one My grandmother has a/one dog and two cats. 在序数词前，表示“又一；再一” If I fail this time,I will try a second time. 用于表明价格、频率、速度等，表示“每一”，相当于every once a week（一周一次） 10 kilometers an hour（每小时10千米） a和an的区别 a用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于发音以元音音素开头的单词前。应注意不定冠词a或an的选择取决于其后单词音标的首个音素而不是单词的首字母。 拓展常见易误用不定冠词的单词或短语 a European country a university an umbrella an unfinished letter an honest man an hour a one-year-old baby an 8-year-old girl an 11-floor building 定冠词 用法 示例 特指上文提到的或双方都知道的人或物（需要结合上文） I bought an English dictionary this morning.The dictionary is very good.（上文提到） Pass me the salt.（双方知道） 用于形容词最高级或序数词前 注意：形容词最高级前面或序数词前面有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格时,不加冠词 Alan is the tallest boy in his class. After the game,the first thing they want to do is to take a hot bath. The dress is my nicest one. 用于表示世上独一无二的事物的名词前 the world the moon the sun the universe 在动词play（演奏）后与表示乐器的名词连用 I like playing the piano/violin. 用于表示方向、方位的名词前 Shandong lies in the north of China. 用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇二人 The Greens live next to us. 与某些形容词连用，表示“一类人” The disabled（残疾人） the old（老年人） 用于整十年份的复数之前，表示年代 I began to learn English in the 1980s. 用在一些由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall（长城） the Summer Palace（颐和园） the World Bank（世界银行） 用在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等地理名词前 the Alps（阿尔卑斯山脉） the（River）Thames（泰晤士河） 用于“动词+sb.+in/on+the+身体部位”结构（此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替the） A falling branch hit Tom on the head during the storm. The boy accidentally hit his friend in the face while playing basketball. 口诀助记：特指、重提和唯一，专有名词和乐器，方位、序数、最高级，请你记住定冠词。 零冠词 用法 示例 学科、一日三餐（前有形容词修饰时，要加不定冠词a/an.如:a big dinner一顿丰盛的晚餐）、与play连用的球类运动、棋牌类游戏前不加冠词 —Do you like physics? —No,but I like playing basketball and chess. I usually have lunch with my classmates at school. 星期、月份、除中国传统节日外的节假日等名词（短语）前不加冠词 June 1st is Children's Day. Are you busy next Monday? 一些国名、人名、街道名、广场、车站等专有名词前不加冠词 Tian'anmen Square（天安门广场）Wall Street（华尔街） Nanjing Road（南京路） 名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不加冠词 This child likes watching cartoons. 1．—Are all the students from ________ in your class? —No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——所有来自德国的学生都在你们班吗？——不，我们班只有三个德国人。其他的来自其他国家。 考查名词。Germany德国；German德国人，其复数形式为Germans。根据“Are all the students from”可知，be from“来自”，其后接国家名称，第一空应用Germany；根据“three”可知，此处指三个德国人，第二空应用复数名词Germans。故选B。 2．You can see the ________ on our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years. A．pride B．proud C．press 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们谈论过去70年的伟大成就时，你可以看到我们脸上的骄傲。 考查名词辨析以及名词的用法。pride骄傲，名词；proud骄傲的，形容词；press挤压，名词。根据“on our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years.”可知谈到伟大成就时，可以看到我们脸上的骄傲，the后加名词。故选A。 3．Tony wants to be ________ actor when he grows up. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Tony长大后想成为一名演员。 考查冠词辨析。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的词前；the这个/那个，定冠词。根据单词“actor”以元音音素开头，发音为/æ/，表示泛指“一个演员”时，需使用an。故选B。 4．—Do you know ________ man beside the black car? Is he the owner of the car? —No, he is a worker from a car-washing station. Don’t you see he is wearing ________ uniform? A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识那辆黑色汽车旁边的男士吗？他是这辆车的车主吗？——不，他是洗车店的工人。你没看到他穿着工作服吗？ 考查冠词的用法。“man beside the black car”是特指“黑色汽车旁的男士”，要用定冠词the；“uniform”是可数名词单数，且发音以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a。故选C。 5．The boy failed to reach the top of the mountain twice, but his father encouraged him to try ________ third time. A．/ B．a C．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个男孩两次都没能登上山顶，但他父亲鼓励他再试一次。 考查冠词。/零冠词；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。根据“The boy failed to reach the top of the mountain twice,”可知，两次都没能登上山顶，应是鼓励再试一次，序数词前面加不定冠词a/an，表示“再一、又一”，third以辅音音素开头，故不定冠词用a。故选B。 考点二 形容词与副词 1.（ 2025年四川成都）Mount Gongga is the ________ mountain in Sichuan, higher than any other in this area. A. high B. higher C. highest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：贡嘎山是四川最高峰，比该地区任何一座山都高。 考查最高级。根据“mountain in Sichuan, higher than any other in this area.”可知它比其他山都高，是四川的最高峰，用最高级。故选C。 2.（2025年四川遂宁）2025年四川省遂宁 —Be careful! The traffic light is red. It’s ________ to cross the street now. Wait a minute. —Thank you for reminding me. A. busy B. dangerous C. crowded D. safe 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——小心！现在是红灯。现在过马路很危险。等一会儿。——谢谢提醒。 考查形容词辨析。busy忙碌的；dangerous危险的；crowded拥挤的；safe安全的。根据“The traffic light is red”可知，红灯时过马路是危险的，故选B。 3.（2025年四川遂宁） A new term is coming. Susan is making a plan ________ to improve her study. A. suddenly B. politely C. carefully D. easily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新学期即将到来。苏珊正在认真制定一个计划以改善她的学习。 考查副词辨析。suddenly突然；politely礼貌地；carefully仔细地，认真地；easily容易地。根据“making a plan...to improve her study”可知，提升学习的计划需要“认真地” 制定，故选C。 4.（2025年四川达州）—If ________ people drive cars, there will be ________ air pollution. —I think so. I hope our environment will be better and better. A. fewer; less B. less; fewer C. more; less 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如果开车的人越少，空气污染就会更少。 考查形容词比较级。fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；less更少的，修饰不可数名词；more更多的。根据“people”可知，其为集体名词，不能用less修饰，故排除选项B；根据“I think so. I hope our environment will be better and better.”可知，希望环境变得越来越好，故应是减少开车的人和空气污染，选项A符合语境。故选A。 一、形容词的用法 形容词是用来修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。其功能和位置如下： 功能 位置 示例 作定语 一般位于名词前，起描述、修饰的作用，即“adj.+n.” The nice girl is my sister. 修饰复合不定代词时，通常后置，即“something/anything/nobody/everyone/nothing/...+adj.” One day at school, something strange caught Ann's attention. 作表语 位于系动词后，即“be/feel/become/keep/...+adj.” Don't be afraid. You will feel sleepy if you stay up late. 作宾语补足语 常置于keep、make、think等动词之后作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质、状态或特征 You must keep your eyes closed. 二、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est fast faster fastest near nearer nearest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st late later latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把y变i，再加-er或-est easy easier easiest early earlier earliest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big hot fat wet thin bigger hotter fatter wetter thinner biggest hottest fattest wettest thinnest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most careful beautiful quickly carefully more careful more beautiful more quickly more carefully most careful most beautiful most quickly most carefully 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best many/much more most bad/badly worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest little（少量） less least 二、形容词和副词的比较等级的常用结构 1.原级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 as+形容词/副词原形+as 和……一样…… She is as beautiful as her mother. I worked as hard as before. not+so/as+形容词/副词原形+as 不如……那样…… I can't type so fast as you. 拓展 原级的修饰语 表示程度的副词（quite、very、too、so、enough等）只能修饰形容词和副词原级。 例：①He is very tall. ②She is old enough to drive. 2.比较级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 比较级+than 比……更…… Cassie's room is bigger than mine. The weather here is hotter than that in Yunnan. 比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… It's getting warmer and warmer. the+比较级， the+比较级 越……，就越…… The more books you read, the more you know. Which/What/Who...+比较级, A or B? 哪一个/什么/谁更……,A还是B? Who plays tennis better, Mike or Sam? the+比较级+of the two... 两者中较……的那一个 Anne is the taller of the two girls. 拓展 比较级的修饰语 much、a lot、even、far、a little、a bit等可修饰比较级，放在比较级前面，表程度。 例：①It's a bit colder today than yesterday. ②She is much better today. 易错提示 more只能用于构成比较级,不可用于修饰比较级。 3.最高级的常用结构 结构 意义 示例 （the+）最高级（+单数名词）+in/of/among+比较范围 在……中最…… It is the biggest city in China. Soccer is the most popular sport in the country. He could jump （the） farthest of all. one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一 He is one of the most popular singers. sth.+be+the+形容词最高级+名词（+that）+ sb.+have/has/had ever +过去分词 某事物是某人所有经历中最……的 He said it was the quietest and most beautiful place he had ever been to. the+序数词+形容词最高级 第几最……的 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 易错提示 形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the,但其前面有形容词性物主代词（my/his/...）或名词所有格（Lily's/China's/...）时不加the；副词最高级前的the可省略。 1．Wang Li is one of ________ students in our class. A．tall B．taller C．the tallest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：王立是我们班最高的学生之一。 考查形容词最高级。“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……的之一”，因此空格处应用the tallest。故选C。 2．After the dry season, the water in the lakes became ________. A．fewer and fewer B．more and more C．less and less 【答案】C 【详解】句意：旱季之后，湖泊中的水变得越来越少。 考查不可数名词的量词用法。fewer and fewer越来越少，用于可数名词；more and more越来越多；less and less越来越少，用于不可数名词。句中“water”为不可数名词，且旱季后水量减少，需用“less and less”表示递减。故选C。 3．—Sarah, how can I get good grades in the coming exam? —Well, keep your cool and believe in yourself. __________ the questions are, the more careful you should be. A．The more easier B．The easier C．The more easily 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——萨拉，我怎么能在接下来的考试中取得好成绩？——保持冷静，相信自己。问题越容易，你就应该越仔细。 考查形容词比较级。根据“the more careful you should be”可知，该句是“The + 形容词/副词比较级, the + 形容词/副词比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”。根据“the questions are”可知空格处应填形容词比较级，easy的比较级为easier。故选B。 4．The ________ you work, the better results you will get. A．hard B．harder C．hardest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你工作越努力，得到的结果就越好。 考查比较级的用法。hard努力（原级）；harder更努力（比较级）；hardest最努力（最高级）。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，根据句型结构需用比较级。故选B。 5．—What’s the weather like in summer here? —It’s hot. Sometimes it rains ________. A．proper B．heavily C．carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这里夏天天气怎么样？——很热，有时会下大雨。 考查副词辨析。proper适当的，形容词；heavily大量地，猛烈地，副词；carefully小心地，副词。空处修饰动词rains，填副词作状语。根据“Sometimes it rains”可知，有时雨下得大。描述下雨的程度应用heavily。故选B。 考点三 代词与数词 1.（2025年四川成都） Miss Li always has a lot of work to do. For her ________ is more important than a proper plan. A. nothing B. something C. anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：李小姐总是有很多工作要做。对她来说，没有什么比一个合适的计划更重要了。 考查代词辨析。nothing没有什么；something一些事；anything任何事。根据“is more important than a proper plan.”可知是没有什么比一个合适的计划更重要。故选A。 2.（ 2025年四川达州）—Who left a notebook in the English club? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________. A. me, Jack’s B. mine, Jack’s C. mine, Jack 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁把笔记本落在英语俱乐部了？——它不是我的，可能是杰克的。 考查代词辨析和名词所有格。me我，人称代词宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词；Jack’s杰克的；Jack杰克。根据“It’s not”可知，第一空需用名词性物主代词mine作表语，表示“笔记本不是我的”，故排除选项A；根据“Maybe it’s”可知，此处表示“可能是杰克的”，故第二空用“Jack’s”（= Jack’s notebook）表示所属关系。故选B。 3.（ 2025年四川达州） —When are you going on holiday? —I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July. A. two B. second C. twice 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你什么时候去度假？——我不确定，可能是七月的第二周。 考查数词。two二；second第二；twice两次。根据“perhaps the...week in July.”可知，此处表示七月的第二周，表示顺序，需用序数词second。故选B。 4.（2025年四川遂宁） —At Chengdu Research Base, the panda, Huahua, is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her. —She is so lovely that ________ could say no to her. A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在成都研究基地，熊猫花花非常受欢迎，人们排长队看她。——她太可爱了以至于没有人能拒绝她。 考查不定代词。everybody每个人；anybody任何人；somebody某人；nobody没有人。根据“She is so lovely”可知，熊猫的可爱程度让人无法拒绝，即没有人能拒绝，故选D。 一．人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” 二、it的用法 类别 用法 示例 用于指代 指代上文提到的事物（可数名词单数或不可数名词） He bought a new book and he liked it. 指代天气、时间或距离 It's sunny today. It's 8 o'clock. It's a ten-minute bus ride from here to town. 作形式主语 It's+adj.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是……的。/（某人）做某事是……的。 It's important for us to learn a foreign language. It's kind of you to help me with my homework. 作形式宾语 常用在动词find、think、make、consider、feel等之后，代替由动词不定式等表示的真正宾语 I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm gradually getting used to it. 用于某些结构 it depends视情况而定 make it获得成功；准时到达 take it easy别着急；放轻松 I believe I have the talent to make it. The doctor told me to take it easy for a few weeks. 用于固定句型 It seems that... 好像…… It's time to do/for/that... 是……的时间了。 It seems that the coach is satisfied with the result. It's time to say goodbye to your junior high school life. 拓展 it、one和that作代词的区别 it指代同名同物（特指同一事物）。如：I lost my pen. I can't find it anywhere. one指代同名异物（泛指同类事物），复数为ones。如：I need a pen. Can you lend me one? that指代同名异物（特指同类事物），常用于替代比较结构中的名词。如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 三、常见的表示量的不定代词 类别 用法及区别 示例 限定或指代可数名词 each （每个） 限定或指代单数名词； each表示两者或两者以上中的每一个，侧重个体，强调每一个，可与of连用 辨析：every表示三者或三者以上中的每一个，强调全部，只能作定语，不能作代词，不能与of连用 There are lots of trees on each side of the road. I'll ask each of you to speak for 3 minutes. Almost every student in our class passed the English exam. both （两者都） either （两者中的任何一个） neither（两者都不） 指代范围都为“两者”，都可与of连用； 固定搭配：both...and...（两者都） Both Tom and Sam can play the drums. There are flowers on either side of the river. Neither of them has/have a car. few （几乎没有） a few （有些;几个） many （许多） 限定或指代复数名词； few表否定意义； a few表肯定意义； many常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Few people know what happened. She has been doing this for a few years. Many people like to eat junk food. Why did you call so many times? 限定或指代不可数名词 little （几乎没有） a little （一点儿） much （许多） little表否定意义； a little表肯定意义； much常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Don't worry. There is a little time to go. There is little hope of success now. However, too much attention can also be a bad thing. 限定或指代可数和不可数名词 some （一些） any（一些;任何） some多用于肯定句中，也可用于表示邀请或请求的疑问句中； any多用于否定句、疑问句中，在肯定句中表示“任何一个” Some of the boys play football. Would you like some coffee? I need some more paint. There isn't any left. Take any book you like. none （没有一个；毫无） all （全部） 后接复数名词或不可数名词，指代或修饰可数名词时，表示“三者或三者以上都（不）”；都常与of连用 You've had all the fun and I've had all the hard work. None of his three sons live/lives nearby. 拓展 部分否定 each、every、both、all与not连用时表示部分否定；如果要表示全部否定,应使用none或neither。如： Every book is not educative.（不是每本书都有教育意义） None of the books is educative.（每本书都没有教育意义） Not all bamboo grows tall.（并非所有竹子都长得高） None of the bamboo grows tall.（所有竹子都长得不高） I don't want both books.（不是两本书都要） I want neither of the books.（两本书都不要） 2.other、the other、others、the others和another 易混词汇 含义 用法 示例 other 另外的 作定语,常与复数名词连用,但如果前面有the、no、my、your、his等,则可与单数名词连用 Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. My other sister is a doctor. the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用,构成“one...the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部” I have two books—one is English, and the other is French. others 另一些 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）;不能作定语;可以构成“some...others...”结构 Some people still live in their hometown, but others may only go back once or twice a year. the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物 There are many books on the table. Some are English, and the others are French. another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的“另一个,再一个”;作定语时,表示“另一的”或“再加的” I don't like this hat. Please show me another. We need another three chairs. 四、复合不定代词 1.常见的复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- something某事;某物 anything任何事物 nothing没有什么 everything每件事 somebody有人;某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每个人 someone有人;某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 everyone每个人 主要用于肯定句;用于疑问句时,表示希望得到肯定答复 主要用于否定句、疑问句 表示全部否定 常用于肯定句;常与否定词一起表示部分否定 2.复合不定代词的基本用法 （1）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Nobody knows when life on the earth started. Something is wrong with my watch. （2）形容词、不定式或else修饰复合不定代词时需后置，即“复合不定代词+adj./to do/else”。 He realized that there was something wrong. 数词 一、基数词的用法 用法 示例 表示数量 具体数量用“基数词+可数名词单数/复数” one apple two hundred dollars 概数用“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of +可数名词复数” thousands of buildings 表示年代 “in the+整十年份的阿拉伯数字加-s”表示“在……世纪……年代” in the 1980s（在20世纪80年代） 表示年龄 “基数词+year（s）+old”表示“……岁” nine years old “at the age of+基数词”表示“在……岁时” at the age of nine “in one's+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时” in his twenties（在他20多岁时） 表示时刻 表示“……点整”用“基数词+o'clock” three o'clock 若分钟数小于或等于30分钟,用“基数词+past+基数词”，表示“……点过……分” ten past three（三点十分） 若分钟数大于30分钟,用“基数词+to+基数词”，表示“差……分到……点” ten to three（两点五十分） 表示时间/距离等 基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等的词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 Ten minutes is a long time when we are waiting. 用含基数词的名词所有格作定语 fifteen minutes' drive （15分钟的车程） 构成复合形容词 “基数词+连字符+单数名词（+连字符+形容词）”，作定语，表示时间、距离、年龄等 a fifteen-minute drive（一段15分钟的车程） a five-year-old girl 拓展 次数的表达 once“一次”，twice“两次”，三次及以上均由“基数词+times”构成（如three times）。这些词可用于回答how often（多久一次）开头的问句。 二．序数词的用法 用法 示例 修饰单数名词，表示顺序、日期等 the first time（第一次） on the second day 序数词前若无其他修饰成分，必须使用the；如果有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，则不用the The sixth girl on the left is my cousin. This is Tom's second visit to China. 序数词前可以用a或an，此时表示“又一，再一” I have read this book three times, but I want to read it a fourth time. 拓展 分数的表达 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子如果大于1，表示分母的序数词后加s。分母若是2，通常用half表示；分母若是4，可以用quarter表示。如： 1/2 a/one half； 1/3 a/one third； 3/4 three quarters/three fourths； 2/5 two fifths。 1．—Which do you prefer, milk or juice? —________ of them. I like tea. A．Either B．Both C．Neither 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你更喜欢牛奶还是果汁？——两个我都不喜欢。我喜欢茶。 考查代词辨析。Either两者中的任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不。根据“I like tea.”可知，说话者喜欢茶，意味着不喜欢牛奶或果汁中的任何一个，因此需用neither表示否定两者。故选C。 2．Nowadays the population of India has already become larger than _____ of China. A．one B．it C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今印度的人口已经比中国的人口多了。 考查代词辨析。one一个，泛指，用于替代可数名词；it它，特指同一事物；that那个，可指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，用于同类事物的比较。population表示“人口总量”时，是不可数名词，无复数形式，常搭配“the population of+地区”，表示“某地的人口”，此处需用“that”替代前面的“population”，以避免重复，表示“中国的人口”。故选C。 3．—I put on 3 kilos in the holiday. —That’s a shame! Young people should try to protect ________ against getting fat. A．yourselves B．ourselves C．themselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我在假期里体重增加了3公斤。——真遗憾！年轻人应该努力保护自己不发胖。 考查反身代词辨析。yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据语境可知，此处是在告诫年轻人要保护自己不发胖，句子的主语是“Young people”，是第三人称复数，所以反身代词应该用themselves。故选C。 4．________ the engineers are testing new AI models to make sure they can be well used in the government’s program. A．Five hundred B．Three hundred of C．Two hundreds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些工程师中的三百名工程师们正在测试新的AI模型，以确保它们能在政府项目中得到很好的使用。 考查数词用法。Five hundred五百；Three hundred of……中的三百；Two hundreds两百，错误表达。hundred前接具体数字时需用单数；且当修饰带定冠词the的复数名词时，需加of表示“……中的一部分”，结构为“数字+hundred+of+the+复数名词”，结合题干the engineers的语境，应用Three hundred of。故选B。 5．The _________ letter in the word “century” is “n”. A．second B．third C．fifth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：单词“century”中的第3个字母是“n”。 考查序数词辨析。second第二；third第三；fifth第五。分析单词“century”的字母顺序：c(1)-e(2)-n(3)-t(4)-u(5)-r(6)-y(7)，可知字母“n”是第三个字母。故选B。 考点四 介词与连词 1.（ 2025年四川成都）Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________ February 19th, 2025. A. in B. on C. at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2025年2月19日，西藏开通了首条飞往香港的航线。 考查介词辨析。in在某年某月某季节；on在某一天；at在某时刻。空后是具体某一天，用介词on。故选B。 2. （ 2025年四川成都）Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ________ it can stay open forever. A. before B. although C. so that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：徐大伟想把民间流动图书馆传给儿子，让它永远开放。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；although虽然；so that以便于。分析句子可知，“把民间流动图书馆传给儿子”的目的是“让它永远开放”，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 介词 一、时间介词 介词 用法 示例 in in+世纪/年/季节/月 in the 21st century in 2026 in spring in March 表示在上午/下午/晚上 in the morning/afternoon/evening in+一段时间，表示“……（多久）以后” They will finish the work in an hour. within within+一段时间，表示“在……之内” He finished the report within three days. on on+日期/星期几/含有Day的节日 on June 2nd on Friday on Children's Day on+特定某一天的上午/下午/晚上 on Sunday afternoon at at+具体的时刻 at seven o'clock at a quarter to one 与年龄、三餐、正午、夜晚、一些节日等搭配 at the age of five at breakfast at noon/night for for+一段时间 He has studied English for five years. since since+过去的时间，表示“从……以来（直到现在）”，一般用于现在完成时 He has studied English since 2020. during during+一段时间，表示“在……期间”，常与节日搭配 during his stay in Beijing during the Spring Festival by by+时间点,表示“在……以前；到……为止” I will finish the work by Monday. before/after before/after+时间点，表示“在……之前/后” Please come here before 10 o'clock. I'll ring you up after two o'clock. until/till until/till+时间点，表示“直到……时候）”；not...until...结构表示“直到……才……” I waited for my mother until/till 10 o'clock. I didn't go to bed until 10 o'clock. 二．地点介词 1.表示地理位置的 in、on、at和to 介词 图解及用法 例句 in 某一小地点在另一大地点范围之内；用于较大的地方 （如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等）前 Yunnan is in the southwest of China. on 一地不在另一地范围内，但两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. to 不包含，也不接壤 Japan lies to the east of China. at 用于较小的地方（如：学校、机场等）前 I work at a school. 2.表示方位的介词 方位 介词 含义与用法 例句 上 on 表示在某物的表面上，且相互接触 There is a plate on the table. above 表示在某物上方，但不必在其垂直上方，不接触 Raise your arms above your head. over 表示在某物的垂直上方，不接触 There is a bridge over the river. 下 under 表示在某物的垂直下方，不接触 The ball is under the table. below 表示在某物的下方，但不必在其垂直下方，且不接触 Our apartment is below theirs. 前 in front of 表示在某物的前面，并且在其外面 There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of 表示在某物内部的前面 There's a teacher's deskin the front of the classroom. 后 behind 表示在某物的后面 There is a bank behind the post office. 中间 between 表示在两者之间，常与and连用 Maria sits between Lucy and Lily. among 表示在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Wang stands among her students. 对面 opposite 表示“在……对面”，与across from同义 She sat opposite/across from me at the table. 沿着 along 表示“沿着；顺着” He walked along the road. 附近、旁边 near 表示“在……附近” After the accident, her friend sat next to/beside/by/near her all night. next to 表示“紧邻；在……近旁” by 表示“靠近；在……旁边” beside 表示“在……旁边/附近” 倚 against 表示“紧靠；倚” Put the bike against the wall. 横过 across 指从事物表面的一边到另一边，用于表示横穿马路、过桥、过河等 He can swim across the river. 穿过 through 指从事物的内部通过 She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son. 连词 一、并列连词 并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词，表示并列、顺承、递进、转折、选择、因果等关系。 分类 并列连词 含义及用法 例句 并列关系 and “和;并且；然后”,连接主、谓、宾、表等并列成分或并列的句子，也可表顺承或递进 I am tired and hungry. （表并列） He turned off the light and left the room.（表顺承） She did the work and did it well.（表递进） “那么；就”，用于“祈使句，and+陈述句”结构中 Study hard, and you will make progress. both...and... “……和……都”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 Both he and his friend like playing basketball. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Not only you but also he does very well in the project. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Neither I nor he has been to America. 转折关系 but “但是”,不和though或although连用 Our team was not strong, but we beat them at last. 选择关系 or “或者”，在否定句中表示“也不” Which do you like better, juice or coffee? He can't read or write. “否则”，用于“祈使句，or+陈述句”结构中 Let's put the cake in the fridge, or it may go bad tomorrow. either...or... “或者……或者……”, 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要与最近的主语保持一致 Either you or I am going to attend the meeting. 因果关系 so “因此; 所以” （不和because同时使用）,表示结果 I was ill, so I didn't go to school. for “因为”, 用于补充说明理由,不放在句首，不能用于回答why开头的问句 Many accidents happen, for people are careless. 对比关系 while “然而”，用于对比 Mrs. Liu likes music while her husband likes sports. 二、从属连词 从属连词主要用于引导状语从句，可位于句首或句中。 分类 从属连词及其含义 例句 引导时间状语从句 when “当……的时候” When I got home, my sister was doing her homework. while “当……的时候” While he was washing the car, Jenny was cooking dinner. as “随着；当……时” As time goes by, he is getting stronger and stronger. before/after “在……之前/之后” Do it before you forget. since “自……以来”（since引导的从句用一般过去时） I have worked in this school since I graduated from Peking University. until/till “直到……为止” I'll wait for you until/till you come to see me. not...until/till “直到……才……” I didn't go to bed until/till I finished my homework. as soon as “一……就……” I'll ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing. 引导条件状语从句 if “如果” I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. unless（=if...not） “如果不；除非” Unless he says sorry to me, I won't talk to him. =If he doesn't say sorry to me, I won't talk to him. as/so long as “只要” We'll goas long as the weather is good. 引导原因状语从句 because “因为”（语气强，可以回答why开头的问句） I was late because I missed the school bus. since “因为；既然”（表示已知的理由） Since everyone is here, let's begin. as “因为；由于”（语气较弱） As I had a sore throat, I kept silent in class. 引导目的状语从句 so that “以便”（不用于句首） He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus. in order that “为了” He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. 引导结果状语从句 so...that“如此……以至于”（so修饰形容词/副词） She is so lovely that we all love her. such...that “如此……以至于”（such修饰名词） She is such a lovely girl that we all love her. 引导让步状语从句 though/although/even though/while “尽管；虽然” Although/Though Mike didn't win the race, he was still wearing a smile on his face. 引导方式状语从句 as “照……方式；正如” They did as I had asked. as if/as though “好像” They talked as though they had been friends for years. 拓展 主将从现 在含if、when、unless、as soon as、until、till等引导的状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时表将来。 例：I will call you as soon as I get home. What are you going to be when you grow up? If you keep working hard, you will succeed some day. 1．—What do you usually do __________ Sunday? —I usually take exercise. A．on B．in C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你通常在星期天做什么？——我通常锻炼。 考查介词辨析。on用于日期和星期前；in用于月份、季节等前；at用于具体时间点前。空后的“Sunday”属于星期，空格处应使用介词on。故选A。 2．Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China, and it is ________ the east of Fujian. A．in, to B．to, in C．to, on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：台湾位于中国东南部，在福建的东部。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面，在某区域的内部；on在……上，两地接壤或有边界接触（如陆地相邻）；to到，两地不接壤且隔一定距离。台湾是属于中国的一部分，所以第一个空表示在某区域的内部，用介词in；台湾位于福建省的东南方向，但两者隔台湾海峡相望，并非接壤或同一区域，因此使用to。故选A。 3．Reading can ________ improve our writing skills, ________ bring us happiness. Both are important. A．not only; but also B．either; or C．neither; nor 【答案】A 【详解】句意：阅读不仅能提高我们的写作技能，还能带给我们快乐。两者都很重要。 考查连词的用法。not only…but also…不仅……而且……；either…or…要么……要么……，表示两者中的一个；neither…nor…既不……也不……，表示“两者都不”。根据下文的“Both are important.”可知，两者都很重要。故选A。 4．It’s raining outside. You can wear a raincoat ________ take an umbrella. A．and B．or C．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：外面在下雨。你可以穿雨衣或带伞。 考查并列连词辨析。and和；or或者；but但是。根据“You can wear a raincoat … take an umbrella”可知，穿雨衣或带伞，表示选择关系，应填or，故选B。 5．My friend Julie has a guitar, ________ she plays it really well. A．but B．and C．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的朋友朱莉有一把吉他，并且她弹得非常好。 考查连词。but但是；and并且；so所以。根据“My friend Julie has a guitar”和“she plays it really well.”可知，前后是顺接的关系，应用并列连词。故选B。 考点五 情态动词 1.（ 2025年四川成都）—I’ve heard Lucy will join the art club. —It ________ be true. She’s already in the basketball club. We can only choose one. A. should B. can’t C. must 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我听说露西将加入艺术俱乐部。——这不可能是真的。她已经加入了篮球俱乐部。我们只能选择一个。 考查情态动词。should应该；can’t不可能；must肯定。根据“She’s already in the basketball club. We can only choose one.”可知只能选择一个俱乐部，她已经加入篮球俱乐部，所以不可能再加入艺术俱乐部。故选B。 2.（ 2025年四川遂宁） —I have no time to buy things in the supermarket. —Don’t worry. You can shop online instead. That way, you ________ waste a lot of time going from shop to shop. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我没有时间去超市买东西。——别担心。你可以改为网上购物。那样，你就不必浪费很多时间从一个商店到另一个商店。 考查情态动词。needn’t“不必”，强调无必要；mustn’t“禁止”，语气强烈；can’t“不能”，指能力或可能性不足；shouldn’t“不应该”，侧重建议或义务。根据“You can shop online instead. That way, you...waste a lot of time going from shop to shop.”中，网上购物可避免奔波，故此处强调“不必”浪费时间，符合逻辑。故选A。 1．—Mum, why do we have to wait at the crossing for such a long time? —For our safety, we _________ be too careful. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，为什么我们要在十字路口等这么长时间？——为了我们的安全，我们再怎么小心也不为过。 mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“For our safety”可知，是为了安全，固定搭配can’t be too…意为“再……也不为过”，应填can’t。 2．— Mr. Smith, must I complete the reading report today? — No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——史密斯先生，我今天必须完成阅读报告吗？——不，你不需要。你可以明天做。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据“must I complete the reading report today”可知，其否定回答，应用needn’t，表示“不必”，故选B。 3．—Look! Is the man over there our headmaster? —No, it ________ be him. He is having a meeting in the office now. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！那边那个人是我们的校长吗？——不，不可能是他。他正在办公室开会。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不可能。根据“He is having a meeting in the office now.”可知，校长正在办公室开会，因此那边那个人“不可能”是他，应用can’t表示否定推测。故选C。 4．—I feel nervous about the coming exam. —You __________ play computer games. After all, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. A．may B．needn’t C．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我对即将到来的考试感到紧张。——你可以玩电脑游戏。毕竟，只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 考查情态动词辨析。may可以；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止。根据“After all, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”可知，说话者建议适当放松以缓解紧张，因此应填入表示“允许”的词语。故选A。 5．—Could I ride an electric bicycle to school, Mr. Wang? —No, you ________. Students under the age of 16 aren’t allowed to ride electric bicycles. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．can’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王老师，我可以骑电动自行车去学校吗？——不，你不能。16岁以下的学生不允许骑电动自行车。 考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能；can’t不能。根据“Students under the age of 16 aren’t allowed to ride electric bicycles.”可知，学生不被允许骑电动自行车，强调禁止或规则，因此用“can’t”表示客观不允许。故选C。 考点六 动词的时态与语态 1.（ 2025年四川省成都）In April, some planarians (涡虫) ________ into China’s space station for scientific research. A. were taken B. took C. were taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：四月，一些涡虫被带到中国空间站进行科学研究。 考查时态和语态。主语some planarians和动词短语take into之间是被动关系，根据“In April”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选A。 2.（ 2025年四川成都）—Tina, the phone ________. Can you answer it? —Sure, Mum. A. was ringing B. is ringing C. rang 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——蒂娜，电话铃响了。你能回答吗？——当然，妈妈。 考查时态。根据“Can you answer it”可知此处表示电话铃正在响，用现在进行时，be动词用is。故选B。 六种常考时态的构成及用法 一般现在时 结构 1.主语＋am/is/are＋其他 2.主语＋动词原形/动词单三形式＋其他 标志词 1.频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly 2.频率词组：once a year, twice a month, three times a day等 3.其他词组：on Sundays, at/on weekends, every day/year...(every系列) 一般过去时 结构 主语＋was/were或动词过去式＋其他 标志词 1.ago及ago词组 2.yesterday及yesterday词组3.last及last词组 4.just now, in the past, in 1920等 5.at the age of..., used to...6.one day, long long ago 一般将来时 结构 1.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋其他2.主语＋be going to＋动词原形＋其他 标志词 1.tomorrow, soon 2.next week/month...(next系列) 3.in a week, in 2022, in＋一段时间 4.one day, in the(near) future 现在进行时 结构 主语＋am/is/are＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.now, right now 2.at present, at this time, at the/this moment 3.these days 4.when, while 5.Look! Listen！ 过去进行时 结构 主语＋was/were＋动词现在分词＋其他 标志词 1.then 2.at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday 3.when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 现在完成时 结构 主语＋has/have＋动词过去分词＋其他 标志词 1.already, ever, never, just, yet, still 2.recently, lately, so far, up to/ till now 3.in the past/last three years/... 4.since 1998, since＋时间点 5.for three years, for＋一段时间 被动语态 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（done）”构成。其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词时完全一样。 分类 被动结构 示例 一般现在时 am/is/are+done Chinese is spoken by more and more people around the world nowadays. 一般过去时 was/were+done Tea was invented by accident about 5,000 years ago. 一般将来时 will+be+done； am/is/are going to+be+done To make the environment much better, more trees will be planted next year. 现在进行时 am/is/are+being+done The hair product is being used at present. 现在完成时 have/has+been+done How much e-waste has been produced? 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+done 16-year-old teenagers shouldn't be allowed to drive. Something must be done about the present situation. 1．Miss Lin ________ to Shanghai on business tomorrow. A．flies B．flew C．is flying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：林小姐明天要飞往上海出差。 考查动词时态。flies（一般现在时，表示经常性动作或事实）；flew（一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作）；is flying（现在进行时，可表示将来计划或安排好的动作）。根据时间状语“tomorrow”可知，动作发生在将来，且fly在此表示按计划即将发生的动作，英语中常用现在进行时表示将来。故选C。 2．—Look, I ________ the Chinese painting. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．have finished B．will finish C．am finishing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看，我完成了这幅中国画。——哇，真漂亮。 考查时态辨析。根据“Wow, truly beautiful!”可知动作已结束并对现在产生影响（画作已完成可被欣赏）。需用have finished（现在完成时）。故选A。 3．—What are you going to be when you ________ up? —I want to be an astronaut. A．grow B．will grow C．grew 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当你长大时，你打算做什么？ 考查时间状语从句的时态用法。grow成长，一般现在时；will grow将来时；grew成长，过去时。主句What are you going to be表示将来，when引导的时间状语从句需用一般现在时表示将来动作，此处应填一般现在时grow。故选A。 4．—Shall we go to the museum tomorrow? —I’d love to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I ________ my grandparents. A．visit B．visited C．will visit 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们明天去博物馆好吗？——我很乐意去，但恐怕不行。我要去看望我的祖父母。 考查动词时态。根据上文“Shall we go to the museum tomorrow?”可知，此处是明天去看望我的祖父母，用一般将来时，其结构是will+动词原形。故选C。 5．—Hi, Tom. I am so nervous about the coming English speech contest that I can’t sleep all night. —Take it easy. You must be able to win the first prize as long as ________. A．you practice speaking English every day B．you will practice speaking English every day C．you have practiced speaking English every day 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——嗨，汤姆。我对即将到来的英语演讲比赛如此紧张，以至于我整晚都睡不着。——放轻松。只要你每天练习说英语，你一定能赢得一等奖。 考查条件状语从句的时态用法。根据“You must be able to win the first prize”和“as long as”可知，此处为条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以从句应使用一般现在时。故选A。 考点七 复合句 1.（ 2025年四川成都） It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A. which B. who C. what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：和那些过去三年与我们共度时光的老师们告别很难。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。which先行词指物；who先行词指人；what不引导定语从句。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词teachers，指人，需用关系代词who引导。故选B。 2.（ 2025年四川达州）—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________? —Sure. Go straight and turn left at the end of the road. You can find it. A. how I can get to the library B. when I can get to the library C. how can I get to the library 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去图书馆吗？——当然。直走，在路的尽头左转，你就能找到它。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”可知，空格处为宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），故排除选项C；根据“Sure. Go straight and turn left at the end of the road. You can find it.”可知，答语是指路的内容，故应是询问“如何到达”，应用how“如何，怎样”引导宾语从句。故选A。 3.（ 2025年四川达州）—What kind of music do you like? —I like music ________ I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I’m full of energy. A. what B. why C. that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的音乐？——我喜欢能跟着跳舞的音乐。当我听到这些歌时，我就充满能量。 考查定语从句的关系词。what不引导定语从句； why引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，先行词是the reason；that引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物或人。根据“I like music...I can dance to.”可知，空格处为定语从句的引导词，从句缺宾语，先行词music为物，故应用关系代词that。故选C。 4.（2025年四川遂宁）—What kinds of after-school activities do you like? —I like those activities ________ are about P.E. and art. A. who B. whom C. which D. / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么样的课外活动？——我喜欢那些关于体育和艺术的活动。 考查定语从句关系词。who谁，引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指人；whom谁，引导定语从句时，在句中作宾语，先行词指人；which哪一个，引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指物；/不填。根据“activities ...are about P. E. and art”可知，先行词“activities”是物，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选C。 5.（2025年四川遂宁）—Could you please tell me ________? —Certainly, there is a modern library on Binjiang Road. You can find different kinds of books here. A. how far the library is B. what I can learn from books C. if there is a mall near here D. where I can find a quiet place to read 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我哪里能找到一个安静的地方读书吗？——当然，滨江路有一个现代化的图书馆。你可以在这里找到不同种类的书。 考查宾语从句。how far the library is图书馆有多远；what I can learn from books我可以从书中学到什么；if there is a mall near here附近是否有商场；where I can find a quiet place to read哪里我能找到一个安静的地方读书。根据答语“Certainly, there is a modern library on Binjiang Road. You can find different kinds of books here.”可知，对应选项D“寻找一个安静读书的地方”的需求。故选D。 状语从句 1.时间状语从句 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，时间状语从句通常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 when “当……时”,从句动词既可为延续性动词,也可为非延续性动词 I felt very happy when you came to see me. while “当……的时候”,从句动词为延续性动词 They rushed in while we were discussing problems. as “当……时”,侧重表示同时发生 Helen heard the story as she washed clothes. “随着” We get wiser as we get older. whenever “每当;任何时候”,可以和every time互换 Whenever I hear that tune,it makes me think of you. Come and visit me whenever you want. since “自……以来”,主句通常用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University. before “在……之前” I will always work hard before I achieve my dream. after “在……之后” She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home. until/till 肯定句中意为“直到……为止”,主句动词用延续性动词 I'll wait for you until/till you come to see me. 否定句中用于“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才”,主句动词用非延续性动词 He didn't cry until he saw his mother. as soon as “一……就……” As soon as he arrives,I'll tell him. 2.原因状语从句 原因状语从句是指在复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的句子。 连词 含义及用法 例句 since “由于,既然”,表示人们已知的事实、显然的理由 Since everyone is here,let's get started. as “因为”,与since的用法相似,所引出的原因很明显,或已为人们所熟知，不需要加以强调 As it was getting late,I turned around to start for home. 3.条件状语从句 条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。主句为祈使句、一般将来时或含有情态动词时,条件状语从句常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 if “如果” I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. unless “除非,如果不”（=if...not） Unless he apologizes,I will refuse to come. We'll go for an outing tomorrow unless it rains（=if it doesn't rain）. 4.结果状语从句 结果状语从句用来补充说明主句动作发生所带来的结果。引导结果状语从句的连词主要有so...that...和such...that...。 知识拓展 such...that...与so...that...的句型结构： such（such是限定词.只能修饰名词（词组））+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that so+形容词/副词+that so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that The boy is so young that he can't go to school. She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much. 5.目的状语从句 目的状语从句用以说明主句动作发生的目的。目的状语从句通常由so that和in order that等引导,表示“为了,以便”。从句中多使用情态动词can、may、will、could、might、would或should等。 ·He must get up early so that he can go to work on time. ·He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. 6.让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示即便出现从句中的情况，主句动作仍然会发生，有“退一步说……”的含义。 连词 含义及用法 例句 though/although “尽管,虽然”,可以与yet连用,但不与but连用 They are generous though they are poor. even though/even if “尽管,即使”,表示的语气更强 We'll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad. while “在……同时;尽管” While the grandparents love the children,they are strict with them. wh-ever类引导词 “无论……”（=no matter+相应的wh-词） Whatever he says,don't believe him. Whoever you ask,you will get the same answer. 宾语从句 1.宾语从句的用法 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句可跟在及物动词、介词和部分形容词之后作宾语。 I wondered how he managed to solve the problem so quickly. She told me（that）she was moving to a new city for her job. She is thinking about what she will do after graduation. I am glad that everyone is here on time. 2.宾语从句的连接词 连词 作用 例句 that 无意义，不作成分，可省略 He said（that）Kate was good at swimming. if/whether 意为“是否”，不可省略 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher. 连接代词what、which、who（m）、whose 在从句中作一定的成分（如主语、宾语等），不可省略 I don't know what they are going to do. He asked me whose book this was. 连接副词when、where、why、how等 在从句中作状语，不可省略 I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up. Do you know how they found the place? 知识拓展 除上述连词外，whatever（任何……的事物；什么……都）、whichever（……的哪个；……的哪些）、whoever（……的那个人或那些人；……的任何人）也可以引导宾语从句。 You can choose whichever book you like from the reading list. 3.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须是陈述语序，即按照先主语后谓语的顺序。 What is Kate's email address?Do you know? →Do you know what Kate's email address is? 4.宾语从句的时态 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、 根据实际情况而定，不受主句时态限制（主现从不限） I remember（that）he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow. 一般过去时、过去进行时 一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时、（主过从必过） He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked me if I had taken his soap. 任一时态 一般现在时（宾语从句表示客观真理、事实或是谚语、俗语） The geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 5.宾语从句的否定形式和疑问形式 （1）宾语从句的特殊否定形式——否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称（I/we），谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I don't think（that）he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 （2）疑问形式 带有宾语从句的陈述句转换为疑问句时通常只需要把主句变为疑问句。 陈述句：She is sure that she will pass the exam. 疑问句：Is she sure that she will pass the exam? 定语从句 在主从复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，先行词通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，又作从句的一个成分。 1.含定语从句的复合句常见的结构 （1）主语+定语从句+动词+宾语 The dog that bark loudly scared the children.那只大声吠叫的狗吓到了孩子们。 （2）主语+动词+宾语+定语从句 I have a question that needs to be answered immediately.我有一个需要立即回答的问题。 2.引导定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词（如that、which、who、whom、whose）和关系副词（如when、where、why）。 （1）关系代词的用法 关系代词 先行词 所作成分 例句 that、who、whom 人 主语、宾语（whom只作宾语） Do you know the girl who/that is standing under the tree? The guest who/whom/that he introduced to us is a famous writer. that、which 物 主语、宾语 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her. whose 人/物 定语 The classroom whose windows are open is mine. 知识拓展 关系代词指代物时只能用that的情况 ①先行词为不定代词all、any、few、little、much、nothing、everything、something、anything等或被其修饰时 ·All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子。 ②先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时 ·This is the first book that I have bought this year.这是我今年买的第一本书。 ·This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。 ③先行词被the only、the very、the last、the same等修饰时 ·This is the very house that I have been looking for.这正是我一直在找的房子。 ④先行词既有人又有物时 ·We are talking about the teachers and schools that we visited last year.我们正在谈论去年我们拜访过的老师和学校。 注意关系代词作介词宾语时，可以把介词前置，这时只能用whom指人，用which指物。 （2）关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 所作成分 例句 when 时间 状语 I still remember the day when（=on which）you left for Beijing. where 地点 This is the school where（=in which）my mother works. why 原因 Could you explain the reason why（=for which）you were late? 注意关系副词通常可替换为“介词+which”。 1．—What do you think of your junior high school life? —I think it’s colorful, ________ I am always busy. A．besides B．although C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得你的初中生活怎么样？——我认为它是丰富多彩的，尽管我总是很忙。 考查连词辨析。besides此外；although尽管；unless除非。“I am always busy”表示让步，虽然总是很忙，但依旧认为初中生活丰富多彩，用although引导让步状语从句。故选B。 2．—What a lovely toy car it is! I want to know ________. —From a store in the old town in Beijing. A．when you bought it B．how you got it C．where you got it 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多么可爱的玩具车啊！我想知道你从哪里得到的它。——从北京老城的一家商店。 考查宾语从句。when you bought it询问时间；how you got it询问方式；where you got it询问地点。根据答语“From a store in the old town in Beijing.”可知，这是在回答地点问题，因此问句应询问地点。故选C。 3．We haven’t decided ________ we will take a trip to Luoji Mountain in Puge or not because it depends on the weather. A．whether B．if C．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们还没有决定是否去普格螺髻山旅行，因为那取决于天气。 考查连词辨析。whether是否；if如果，是否；unless除非。根据“We haven’t decided...we will take a trip”可知，本句是宾语从句，unless引导状语从句，排除C项；根据“or not”可知，在引导宾语从句时，通常用“whether”而非“if”，排除B项。故选A。 4．The football match ________ I watched yesterday was fantastic. A．when B．that C．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我昨天看的那场足球赛棒极了。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。when引导定语从句时，在从句中作时间状语；that引导定语从句时，可指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；who引导定语从句时，指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；where引导定语从句时，在从句中作地点状语。分析句子结构可知，“The football match”是先行词，指物，且在从句“I watched yesterday”中作watched的宾语，所以应该用关系代词that引导该定语从句。故选B。 5．Paul was _______ excited about the trip to Lijiang _______ he couldn’t fall asleep the night before. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：保罗对丽江之行感到非常兴奋，以至于前一天晚上睡不着。 考查副词和结果状语从句。so ... that ...如此……以至于……；too ... to ...太……而不能……；such ... that ...这么……以至于……。分析语境可知，本句表示，保罗对丽江之行非常兴奋，因此前一天晚上睡不着。too ... to与句意不符，且to后面接动词，不接从句，可排除。so ... that和such ... that都表示“如此……以至于”，so后面接形容词或或副词，such后面接名词，excited为形容词，应用so修饰。第二个空后面表示结果，应用that引导。故选A。 考点八 固定搭配与短语 1.（2025年四川达州）—When an earthquake hit Yinchuan’s Jinfeng District. Guo Qing, a high school student, helped a classmate who was disabled. —He is kind and brave. Everyone takes ________ in him. A. pride B. proud C. similar 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——当地震袭击银川市金凤区。高中生郭青帮助了一位残疾同学。——他善良又勇敢。大家都以他为荣。 考查动词短语。pride自豪；proud骄傲的；similar相似的。take pride in sb.“以某人为荣”，故选A。 2.（2025年四川达州）—Now we need to come up with a plan to tell people about our book sales. —I think we could ________ sign. A. put off B. put up C. put in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们需要想个计划来告诉人们我们的图书促销活动。——我觉得我们可以张贴告示。 考查动词短语。put off推迟；put up张贴，悬挂；put in投入，插入。根据“to tell people about our book sales.”和“sign”可知，此处是要宣传图书促销活动，故应是张贴告示，put up a sign“张贴告示”。故选B。 1．This kind of wine ________ fruit and it ________ very well. A．is made of; tastes B．is made with; feels C．is made from; sells 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这种酒是用水果酿制的，销路很好。 考查被动语态及短语辨析。be made of由……制成，能看出原材料；be made from，由……制造，看不出原材料。be made with 指由什么原料、通过什么步骤、方法，可具体，可抽象。根据题中空格后面的wine、fruit和常识，分析出酒不能直接看出原料，故填be made from。第二空选择sells为第三人称单数形式，表示销售得好。故选C。 2．—Lily has changed a lot. —I think so. She spends more time than she used to _________English. A．learn B．learning C．learned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉变了很多。——我也这样认为。她比过去花费更多的时间来学习英语。 本题考查非谓语动词。learn是动词原形；learning是动名词或现在分词；learned是过去分词。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事，故选B。 3．Little Tom ________ while learning to ride the bike, but he picked himself up quickly instead of crying. A．got up B．put away C．fell down 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小汤姆在学习骑自行车时摔倒了，但他很快自己站了起来，而不是哭。 考查动词短语辨析。got up起床；put away收拾，放好；fell down摔倒。根据后文“but he picked himself up quickly instead of crying”可知，他很快自己站起来而不是哭，因此对应前文是指他摔倒了。故选C。 4．She ________ the newspaper quickly to find the information about the concert. A．looked through B．looked back C．looked for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她快速浏览报纸来找到关于音乐会的信息。 考查动词短语。looked through浏览；looked back回顾；looked for寻找。根据“to find the information about the concert”可知，动作是快速翻阅报纸以查找内容，而非回顾或寻找，故选A。 5．Parents always pay attention to the smallest progress their children make and ________ them. A．take care of B．take after C．take pride in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父母总是关注孩子取得的每一个微小进步，并为他们感到骄傲。 考查动词短语辨析。take care of照顾；take after长得像；take pride in为……感到骄傲。根据“the smallest progress”可知，父母会为孩子的进步“感到骄傲”。故选C。 考点九 情景交际与语境理解 1.（2025年四川成都）—________ is the sports center closed today? —Here’s a notice. Let’s have a look. A. Why B. How C. Whether 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——体育中心今天为什么关闭？——这里有个通知。我们来看看。 考查特殊疑问句。why为什么；how如何；whether是否。根据“is the sports center closed today”以及“Here’s a notice. Let’s have a look”可知此处询问体育中心为什么关门，疑问词用why。故选A。 2.（2025年四川达州）—Would you like to go to the old people’s home with us tomorrow? —________. But I have to take care of my sister. A. I’d love to B. That sounds boring C. I’m sorry to hear that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你明天愿意和我们一起去敬老院吗？——我很乐意，但我得照顾我妹妹。 考查情境交际。I’d love to我很乐意；That sounds boring那听起来很无聊；I’m sorry to hear that听到这个消息我很遗憾。根据“But I have to take care of my sister.”可知，but前后为转折关系，故此处应委婉接受邀请但说明有事无法去，即很乐意去，但不得不照顾妹妹。故选A。 3.（2025年四川遂宁）—Mom, I won first prize in the story telling competition. —________ I’m proud of you. A. Good job! B. What a pity! C. My pleasure! D. Take care! 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我在讲故事比赛中得了第一名。——干得好！我为你感到骄傲。 考查情景交际。Good job干得好；What a pity真遗憾；My pleasure我的荣幸；Take care保重。根据“I won first prize in the story telling competition.”可知，应该夸对方干得好，故选A。 1．—I’m afraid I can’t help you with your problem. —________. A．Not at all. B．I’m not happy. C．Thank you all the same. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——恐怕我不能帮你解决你的问题。——还是谢谢您。 考查情境交际用语。Not at all别客气，常用于回应感谢；I’m not happy我很不开心，表达负面情绪；Thank you all the same还是要谢谢您。当对方表示无法帮忙时，应礼貌表示感谢以回应。故选C。 2．—Little John solved all the problems by himself! —________ A．What a clever boy he is!B．How kind he is! C．Does he like math? 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——小约翰自己解决了所有问题！——他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊！ 考查感叹句的用法和情境交际用语。What a clever boy he is!他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊；How kind he is!他多善良啊；Does he like math?他喜欢数学吗。第一句话强调小约翰独立解决问题，暗示其聪明才智，因此回应需表达赞美其智力的感叹句。故选A。 3．—Could you please help me carry these heavy boxes to the classroom? They are too heavy for me. —________ A．You’re welcome. B．With pleasure. C．It doesn’t matter. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能帮我把这些重箱子搬到教室吗？它们对我来说太重了。——非常乐意。 考查情景交际。You’re welcome用于回应感谢；With pleasure表示乐意帮忙；It doesn’t matter用于安慰或回应道歉。根据“Could you please help me carry these heavy boxes to the classroom? They are too heavy for me.”可知，当有人提出请求时，应选择表示愿意帮助的回应，选项B符合语境。故选B。 4．—Can I play games on my iPad if I finish all the housework, Mum? —________! It’s against the rules at home. A．How wonderful B．Have a good time C．No way 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，如果我完成所有家务，我可以在我的iPad上玩游戏吗？——不行！这违反家规。 考查情境交际用语（表达拒绝）。How wonderful多棒啊（表赞赏）；Have a good time玩得开心（表祝福）；No way没门（表拒绝）。根据“It’s against the rules”可知妈妈不同意孩子的请求，因此应选择表示强烈拒绝的回应。故选C。 5．When you eat Hainan Qingbuliang for the first time, you may say, “________” A．It’s so hot. B．Does it taste fresh? C．How cool and fresh it is! 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你第一次吃海南清补凉时，你可能会说，“它多么清凉新鲜啊！” 考查情景交际。It’s so hot太热了；Does it taste fresh它尝起来新鲜吗；How cool and fresh it is它多么清凉新鲜啊。根据“When you eat Hainan Qingbuliang for the first time, you may say”和常识可知，此处应是初次品尝清补凉时的感受，应突出了清凉爽口的特点。故选C。 1．—Are all the students from ________ in your class? —No, there are only three ________ in our class. The others are from other countries. A．Germany; Germen B．Germany; Germans C．German; Germans 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——所有来自德国的学生都在你们班吗？——不，我们班只有三个德国人。其他的来自其他国家。 考查名词。Germany德国；German德国人，其复数形式为Germans。根据“Are all the students from”可知，be from“来自”，其后接国家名称，第一空应用Germany；根据“three”可知，此处指三个德国人，第二空应用复数名词Germans。故选B。 2．Joe broke his sister's toy by accident. His mom used her skills to repair ________ broken toy. As a result, it looked as good as a new one. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：乔不小心打碎了他妹妹的玩具。他的妈妈用她的技能来修理这个破碎的玩具。结果，它看起来和新的一样好。 考查定冠词。根据“Joe broke his sister's toy by accident.”和“His mom used her skills to repair… broken toy.”可知，后一句中“broken toy”是特指前文提到的那个玩具，用定冠词the用于特指上文提及的人或事物。故选C。 3．The difficulty ________ is not terrible. What’s terrible is that we are too afraid of it to take action. A．herself B．itself C．myself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：困难本身并不可怕。可怕的是我们因过于害怕它而不敢采取行动。 考查反身代词。herself她自己；itself它自己；myself我自己。句子主语是“the difficulty”，为事物，单数概念，其对应的反身代词是“itself（它自己；本身 ）”。故选B。 4．—I watched a Sichuan Opera show yesterday. The actors ________ change from red faces to blue faces quickly. —Wow! That must be amazing. A．could B．must C．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我昨天看了一场川剧表演。演员们能够快速从红脸变成蓝脸。——哇！那一定很令人惊叹。 考查动词辨析。could能够；must必须，一定；should应该。根据“change from red faces to blue faces quickly”描述的是演员具备的能力，could有 “能够；可以”表示能力的含义，符合语境。故选A。 5．Every day, I spend half an hour reading classic Chinese novels ________ more about Chinese culture. A．to learn B．learning C．learned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我每天花半小时阅读中国经典小说，以了解更多中国文化。 考查非谓语动词用法。根据“I spend half an hour reading classic Chinese novels…more about Chinese culture.”可知空格处需用不定式（to do）表目的，表示“为了学习”的动作意图。故选A。 6．—Listen! Some singers ________ My Homeland. —Yes. They express their love for their country with their beautiful voices. A．sang B．are singing C．sing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——听！一些歌唱家正在演唱《我的祖国》。——对。他们用美丽的声音表达了对中国的爱。 考查动词时态。根据“Listen!”可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，其结构为be动词+动词的现在分词形式。故选B。 7．The Chengdu Metro Line 27 ________ in December 2024, making people’s lives more convenient. A．is opened B．was opened C．will be opened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：成都27号线于2024年12月开放，使人们的生活更加方便。 考查各种时态的被动语态。is opened开放，一般现在时的被动语态；was opened开放，一般过去时的被动语态；will be opened将开放，一般将来时的被动语态。根据“The Chengdu Metro Line 27… in December 2024, making people’s lives more convenient.”可知，本句是一般过去时，主语“The Chengdu Metro Line 27”和“open”是被动关系，所以，应是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 8．If you want to make more friends and have a ________ social circle, joining a new club may be a good choice. A．wide B．wider C．widest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想结交更多的朋友，拥有一个更广泛的社交圈，加入一个新的俱乐部可能是个不错的选择。 考查形容词比较级。wide广泛的、宽阔的；wider更广泛的、更宽阔的，比较级；widest最广泛的、最宽阔的，最高级。 根据“If you want to make more friends and have a...social circle, joining a new club may be a good choice.”可知，句中“more friends”表示“更多的朋友”，是比较级，此处应该用形容词比较级形式与“more”呼应。因此使用比较级“wider”，表示“更广泛的”。故选B。 9．Almost all the tourists ________ go to Chengdu will try the dandan noodles there. A．whose B．which     C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：几乎所有去成都的游客都会尝试那里的担担面。 考查定语从句。根据“Almost all the tourists...”可知，此句是定语从句，先行词tourists是人，应用that。故选C。 10．—I wonder ________ you manage to save pocket money. —I usually make a shopping list before going shopping. A．why B．where C．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道你是怎么攒零花钱的。——我通常在去购物前写一份购物清单。 考查宾语从句。why为什么；where在哪里；how怎样。根据答语“I usually make a shopping list before going shopping.”可知，此处介绍攒零花钱的方式方法，how符合。故选C。 11．—Tianjin is ________ beautiful city in ________ north of China. —Yeah, it’s also very close to the capital city, Beijing. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——天津是中国北方一个美丽的城市。——是的，它离首都北京也很近。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/ 零冠词。根据“Tianjin is …beautiful city”的语境可知，此处表示泛指的含义，应用不定冠词a；方位名词前需加定冠词the，in the north of China“在中国的北部”，符合语境。故选B。 12．—Where did ________ get the present? —From Helen. She made it by ________. A．you; herself B．her; yourself C．you; myself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在哪里得到的礼物？——从海伦那里。她自己做的。 考查人称代词主格和反身代词。you你；herself她自己；her她的；yourself你自己；myself我自己。第一空，根据“Where did... get the present?”可知，此处询问对方从哪里得到礼物，应用人称代词you；第二空，by oneself“单独地，独自地”，是固定用法，主语是She，应用其反身代词herself。故选A。 13．— How was your school trip? —It was wonderful. We went to the Changbai Mountains. It’s one of ________ natural wonders in Jilin Province. A．famous B．more famous C．the most famous 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的学校旅行怎么样？——非常精彩。我们去了长白山。它是吉林省最著名的自然奇观之一。 考查形容词最高级。famous著名的，形容词原级；more famous更著名的，形容词比较级；the most famous最著名的，形容词最高级。根据语境可知，此处是在描述长白山是吉林省众多自然奇观中最著名的一个，所以应该用形容词最高级the most famous。one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，是固定结构，表示“最……之一”。故选C。 14．After a two-hour discussion, they ________ came to an agreement. A．greatly B．finally C．specially 【答案】B 【详解】句意：经过两个小时的讨论，他们终于达成了协议。 考查副词辨析。greatly极大地；finally最终；specially专门地。根据“After a two-hour discussion, they ... came to an agreement.”可知，经过两个小时的讨论终于达成了协议。故选B。 15．I really need to take more exercise because I’m ______ weight. A．putting off B．putting on C．putting away 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我真的需要多锻炼，因为我的体重在增加。 考查动词短语。put off推迟；put on 增加；put away收起来。根据“take more exercise”可知，应是体重增加，所以要锻炼，put on weight表示“体重增加；发胖。”故选B。 16．—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in five days? —He won’t, unless he ________. A．will attend; is invited B．attends; will be invited C．will attend; invites 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你介意告诉我他五天后是否会参加会议吗？——他不会，除非他被邀请。 考查时态和语态。第一个空为宾语从句，根据“in five days”可知应用一般将来时；第二个空为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，故从句应用一般现在时，且主语he和动词invite为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故选A。 17．Home is always a place ________ you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face. A．which B．where C．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：家永远是一个无论你面临什么问题，都能感受到爱与温暖的地方。 考查定语从句。which在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where在定语从句中作地点状语；when在定语从句中作时间状语。先行词“a place”是地点，在从句“you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face”中作地点状语，即“在这个地方能感受到爱与温暖”。故选B。 18．—Will Sally come to Mary’s birthday party? —I’m not sure. She ________ come after she finishes her homework. A．might B．must C．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Sally会来参加Mary的生日派对吗？——我不确定。她完成作业后可能会来。 考查情态动词辨析。might可能；must一定；should应该。根据“I’m not sure”可知，说明说话者对Sally是否来参加派对不确定，因此用might表示推测。故选A。 19．—Kate, do you know ________? —To welcome the New Year. A．when we’ll have the English party B．why we’ll have the English party C．where we’ll have the English party 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——凯特，你知道我们为什么要举办英语派对吗？——为了迎接新年。 考查宾语从句。when we’ll have the English party我们什么时候开英语派对；why we’ll have the English party我们为什么要开英语派对；where we’ll have the English party我们在哪里举行英语派对。根据“To welcome the New Year.”可知，此处询问开英语派对的原因。故选B。 20．________ wildfire happening in Los Angeles on Jan 7th, 2025, made the local places look like a fire dragon. A．The B．An C．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：2025年1月7日发生在洛杉矶的野火使当地的地方看起来像一条火龙。 考查冠词辨析。The特指；An一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。根据“wildfire happening in Los Angeles on Jan 7th, 2025”可知，特指某一场具体的火灾，需用定冠词the。故选A。 21．As Chinese, we pick up what to eat ________ chopsticks at the table. A．by B．on C．with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为中国人，我们在餐桌上用筷子挑选吃的东西。 考查介词辨析。by通过；on在……上面；with用。根据“chopsticks at the table.”可知，此处是说“用”筷子挑选吃的东西。故选C。 22．Didn’t you see the sign 0 on the wall? You________ bring your phone in. A．may B．mustn’t C．needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你没看到墙上的标志吗？你不允许把手机带进来。    考查情态动词辨析。may可以，表示允许；mustn’t禁止，不允许，表示强烈的否定命令；needn’t不必，指不需要做某事。根据“ the sign 0 on the wall?”可知，此处是禁止带手机进入的规定，应选表示“禁止”的情态动词。故选B。 23．Don’t always ask your parents to do everything for you. Learn to depend on________ . A．myself B．yourself C．themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要总是让父母为你做所有事，要学会依靠自己。 考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；themselves他们自己。根据句子主语“you”可知，反身代词应与主语在人称和数上保持一致。故选B。 24．A few months ago, many people________ Chengdu Air Show in Dong’ an Lake. A．had been attended B．attended C．would attend 【答案】B 【详解】句意：几个月前，许多人参加了东安湖的成都航展。 考查动词的时态。根据“A few months ago”可知，句子描述的是过去某个时间发生的动作，因此应用一般过去时。故选B。 25．As one of the oldest cities in China, Luoyang also has the ________ dynasties, in total of 13. A．largest B．richest C．most 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为中国最古老的城市之一，洛阳也拥有朝代数量最多的城市，总数达13个。 考查形容词最高级辨析。largest 最大的；richest 最富有的；most 最多的（可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词）。根据“in total of 13”可知，这里强调洛阳拥有朝代的数量多，dynasties 是可数名词复数，用 most 来修饰表示“最多的”，故选 C。 26．China is a country ________ owns the most Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产)。 A．where B．which C．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国是一个拥有最多非物质文化遗产的国家。 考查which引导的定语从句。where先行词是地名；which先行词指物；who先行词指人。根据“a country”可知先行词指物，后接which引导的限制性定语从句，修饰名词a country。故选B。 27．AI ________ to create lots of fake (假的) pictures, which has a bad influence on society. A．was used B．is used C．will be used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人工智能被用于生成大量假图片，这对社会产生了不良影响。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语AI和谓语use之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据“which has...society”可知，“AI被用于生成大量假图片”是当前社会中客观存在的一种普遍现象，是现阶段持续发生的事情，所以一般现在时契合句子所描述的时间范畴，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 28．Guo Qing carried his disabled classmate on his back to run outside ________ the earthquake came. A．so that B．as soon as C．as long as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：地震一来，郭庆就背着他的残疾同学往外跑。 考查连词辨析。so that以便；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要。根据“Guo Qing carried his disabled classmate on his back to run outside…the earthquake came.”可知，此处指地震一来，郭庆就背着他的残疾同学往外跑，应用as soon as引导时间状语从句。故选B。 29．——Can you imagine ________ people will live 100 years later? —People will live on another planet and work in space stations. A．when B．what C．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能想象100年后人们将如何生活吗？——人们将生活在另一个星球上，并在太空站工作。   考查宾语从句。when什么时候；what什么；how怎样，如何。根据答语“People will live on another planet and work in space stations.”可知，问句是在询问100年后人们生活的方式，即如何生活，所以应用how引导宾语从句，故选C。 30．To me, DeepSeek is not only _______ AI tool but also _______ caring friend. A．a; a B．an; a C．an; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对我而言，DeepSeek不仅是一个AI工具，而且是一个贴心的朋友。 考查不定冠词。分析句意，两个空格都表示“一个”，用不定冠词。AI的读音以元音音素开头，前面的不定冠词用an；caring的读音以辅音音素开头，前面的不定冠词用a。故选B。 31．—Jenny, is this the room we booked? _______ room was supposed to have a mini-kitchen, but I don’t see one. —No. _______ is on the third floor. It has a mini-kitchen as promised. A．Our; Ours B．Your; Our C．Their; Ours 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——珍妮，这是我们预订的房间吗？我们的房间应该有一个迷你厨房，但我没有看到。——不，我们的在三楼。它有一个迷你厨房，正如承诺的那样。 考查代词辨析。Our我们的，形容词性物主代词；Your你的，形容词性物主代词；Their他们的，形容词性物主代词；Ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“is this the room we booked”可知，此处指我们的房间，第一个空用形容词性物主代词Our，修饰名词room；第二个空用名词性物主代词Ours。故选A。 32．—Rita, it seems you have put on some weight recently. —Please don’t _______ my weight anymore. I’m already working on losing it. A．cause B．report C．mention 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——丽塔，你最近好像胖了些。——别再提我的体重了。我已经在努力减肥了。 考查动词辨析。cause引起，导致；report报告；mention提及。在前文，对方提到丽塔最近胖了，结合空格处“I’m already working on losing it.”可知，丽塔已经在努力减肥了，因此是提醒对方别再提及此事了。mention“提及”符合句意。故选C。 33．Paul was _______ excited about the trip to Lijiang _______ he couldn’t fall asleep the night before. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：保罗对丽江之行感到非常兴奋，以至于前一天晚上睡不着。 考查副词和结果状语从句。so ... that ...如此……以至于……；too ... to ...太……而不能……；such ... that ...这么……以至于……。分析语境可知，本句表示，保罗对丽江之行非常兴奋，因此前一天晚上睡不着。too ... to与句意不符，且to后面接动词，不接从句，可排除。so ... that和such ... that都表示“如此……以至于”，so后面接形容词或或副词，such后面接名词，excited为形容词，应用so修饰。第二个空后面表示结果，应用that引导。故选A。 34．There are many flowers and birds on these ancient pots and they _______ happiness and good luck in Chinese culture. A．care for B．look for C．stand for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些古老的罐子上有许多花鸟，在中国文化中它们代表着幸福和好运。 考查动词短语。care for照顾，关心；look for寻找；stand for代表，象征。根据“they...happiness and good luck in Chinese culture.”和常识可知，花鸟在文化中“代表”幸福和好运，故选C。 35．The children _______ games in the garden when their parents called them in for dinner. A．play B．were playing C．are playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当父母叫孩子们进来吃晚餐时，他们正在花园里玩游戏。 考查过去进行时。从句的called表明句子用过去时，“when their parents called them in for dinner”是时间状语从句，主句表示“当父母叫孩子们进来吃晚饭时，孩子们正在做的事情”，要用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语children为复数，be动词要用were。故选B。 36．The house _______ stands at the end of the street, with a beautiful garden in front, belongs to my grandparents. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在街尽头的那个房子是我祖父母的，房子前面有个美丽的花园。 考查定语从句引导词。that引导定语从句时，起连接作用，无实义，先行词可以指人或物；who引导定语从句时，先行词指人；what“什么”，引导名词性从句，在从句中作一定的成分。分析句子结构，空格处引导定语从句，先行词house指物，且house是从句的主语，引导词只起连接作用，应用that引导从句。故选A。 37．—Fiona planned to join our dance club. Do you know _______? —Maybe she didn’t have enough time for it. A．why did she suddenly change her mind B．why she suddenly changed her mind C．why she suddenly changes her mind 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——菲安娜打算加入我们舞蹈俱乐部。你知道她为什么突然改变主意吗？——可能她不够时间去。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。分析句子结构，空格处应是宾语从句作know的宾语，要用陈述语序，即“连接词＋主谓（＋其他）”。主句Do you know用一般现在时，从句的时态不受限制，根据语境而定，结合planned和didn’t可知，本段对话用一般过去时描述菲安娜选择俱乐部的事情，宾语从句也要用一般过去时。故选B。 38．—I was picked to play in the school basketball game, but I came down with a high fever right before it started. —_______. But I’m sure you’ll do great in the next game. A．It’s a piece of cake B．It’s up to you C．It’s a pity 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我被选去参加学校的篮球比赛，但就在比赛开始前，我发高烧了。——真遗憾。但我相信你下一场比赛会做得很好的。 考查情景交际用语。It’s a piece of cake小菜一碟（表示某事简单）；It’s up to you由你决定（表示取决于对方）；It’s a pity 真遗憾（表示同情或惋惜）。根据“I came down with a high fever right before it started”可知，对方表示在比赛前发烧了，空格处应是向对方遭遇不幸表示同情或惋惜，“It’s a pity”（真遗憾）符合语境。故选C。 39．________ is not enough to just sit and listen. Your brain must be active. A．This B．That C．It 【答案】C 【详解】句意：仅仅坐着听是不够的，你的大脑必须保持活跃才行。 考查代词辨析和it的固定句型。This这个，指代空间或时间上较近的人或物；That那个，指代空间或时间上较远的人或物；It它。分析句子结构，前句中不定式“to just sit and listen”表示“仅仅坐着听”这件事，为真正的主语，应用it作形式主语。故选C。 40．There was a storm yesterday. ________, most of the flowers in my garden are still alive. A．Clearly B．Luckily C．Suddenly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天有暴风雨。幸运的是，我花园里的大部分花还活着。 考查副词辨析。Clearly清楚地；Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然。根据“There was a storm yesterday...most of the flowers in my garden are still alive.”可知，在暴风雨后花大部分都还活着，这是幸运的。故选B。 41．—Do you think it necessary for teenagers to learn cooking at home? —Sure. Cooking is ________ an important part of education in China. A．prepared for B．regarded as C．compared with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认为青少年有必要在家里学习烹饪吗？——当然。烹饪在中国被视为教育的重要组成部分。 考查动词短语。prepared for为……做好准备；regarded as被视为；compared with与……相比较。根据“Cooking is … an important part of education in China”可知，烹饪被视为教育的重要部分，故选B。 42．A true friend can see the pain in your eyes ________ others believe the smile on your face. A．while B．because C．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友能看到你眼中的痛苦，而其他人则相信你脸上的笑容。 考查连词辨析。while而；because因为；until直到。根据“A true friend can see the pain in your eyes …others believe the smile on your face.”的语境可知，此处为对比关系，while符合。故选A。 43．—Look, I ________ the Chinese painting. —Wow, truly beautiful! A．am finishing B．have finished C．will finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 看，我已经完成这幅中国画了。 —— 哇，真漂亮！ 考查现在完成时。am finishing完成，现在进行时；have finished完成，现在完成时；will finish完成，一般将来时。根据“Wow, truly beautiful”可知，此处答者对画作进行了评价，说明已经画完了。故选B。 44．—Doing sports is good for our health. —So we’d better ________ smart phones and take more exercise from now on. A．put away B．clear away C．give away 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——做运动对我们的健康有好处。——所以我们现在最好收起智能手机，多锻炼。 考查短语辨析。put away收起来；clear away清除；give away赠送。根据“and take more exercise from now on.”可知，此处指收起手机多锻炼。故选A。 45．—Excuse me, can I take the seat? —_________ It’s for the elderly only. A．Why not? B．You’d better not. C．Never mind. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这个座位吗？ ——你最好不要坐。这是仅供老年人的座位。 考查情景交际。Why not为什么不呢；You’d better not你最好不要；Never mind没关系。根据下文“It’s for the elderly only.”可知，专座仅限老人，所以此处应用“You’d better not.”表示委婉拒绝。故选B。 46．—Well, the next topic we plan to discuss is about ________ African country, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. —I know that ________ economy here is very backward. A．an; an B．an; the C．a; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——嗯，我们计划讨论的下一个话题是关于一个非洲国家，刚果民主共和国。——我知道这里的经济非常落后。 考查冠词用法。an一个（用于元音音素开头的单词前）；the这个/那个（表示特指）；a一个（用于辅音音素开头的单词前）。结合语句“Well, the next topic we plan to discuss is about … African country, Zaire.”可知，“African”以元音音素开头，第一次提到这个国家用不定冠词“an”；结合语句“I know that … economy here is very backward.”可知，此处特指刚果民主共和国的经济，用定冠词“the”，故选B。 47．This film is based ________ a novel named The Last Day ________ Karen Smith. A．on; by B．on; in C．by; by 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这部电影是根据凯伦·史密斯的小说《最后一天》改编的。 考查介词辨析。on根据；by由……创作；in在……里；by由……。根据“This film is based…a novel named The Last Day…Karen Smith.”可知，这里是be based on意为“以……为基础，根据……改编”；被动语态中人称用介词by连接。故选A。 48．—This book is one of ________ books I have ever read. —Yes, it’s more interesting than ________. A．more interesting; any other books B．the most interesting; any other book C．the most interesting; the other book 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这本书是我读过的最有趣的书之一。——是的，它比其他任何书都有趣。 考查形容词最高级和比较级。第一空：“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，应用the most interesting；第二空：比较级结构“more interesting than any other book”表示“比其他任何书都有趣”，any other后接单数名词。故选B。 49．—The bike well-________  yesterday broke down again this afternoon. —________ unlucky you are! A．repairing; How B．repaired; What C．repaired; How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天修好的自行车今天下午又坏了。——你真倒霉啊！ 考查非谓语动词和感叹句。第一个空，分析句子结构可知，主语“The bike”与动词“repair”之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词“repaired”作后置定语，修饰“The bike”；第二个空，根据“...unlucky you are!”可知，这是一个感叹句，中心词是形容词“unlucky”，因此应用“How”来引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”。故选C。 50．—My sister told me that the Earth ________ around the sun when I was a kid. —That’s because she hoped that you ________ understand the truth of the universe better. A．went; could B．goes; can C．goes; could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我小时候姐姐告诉我地球绕着太阳转。——那是因为她希望你能更好地理解宇宙的真相。 考查时态和情态动词。 went去，过去式；could能，过去式； goes去，第三人称单数；can能，原形。 根据“地球绕太阳转”是客观真理，需用一般现在时“goes”；又因主句“hoped”是过去式，宾语从句需用过去式“could”。故选C。   51．—Michael was made ________ the classroom again. —Yes. I think it’s unfair ________ him to always do this. We should share the chores. A．clean; for B．to clean; of C．to clean; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——迈克尔又被要求打扫教室了。——是的。我认为让他总是做这件事是不公平的。我们应该分担家务。 考查非谓语动词和介词。clean打扫；for对于；to clean打扫；of……的。结合语句“Michael was made … the classroom again.”可知，在被动语态中，“be made to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“被要求做某事”，因此第一空用“to clean”；结合语句“I think it’s unfair … him to always do this.”可知，“it’s unfair for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是不公平的”，因此第二空用“for”，to clean; for符合语境和语法要求，故选C。 52．Unluckily, when I arrived at the park, he ________ . A．had been away B．has been away C．had left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不幸的是，当我到达公园时，他已经离开了。 考查过去完成时。had been away已经离开（状态）；has been away已经离开（现在完成时）；had left已经离开（动作）。根据时间状语从句“when I arrived”可知，“到达”是过去时，而“离开”发生在“到达”之前，即“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。同时，“had left”表示离开这一动作，符合语境，故选C。 53．—George is one of the rare people who ________ in ancient myths. —His search has a great influence ________ himself. A．believe; in B．believe; on C．believes; on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——乔治是少数相信古代神话的人之一。——他的研究对他自己有很大影响。 考查主谓一致和动词短语。 believe相信（动词原形）；in在……里； believe相信（动词原形）；on在……上； believes相信（第三人称单数）；on在……上。 根据“one of + 复数名词”后接定语从句时，从句谓语用复数形式“believe”；且“have an influence on”是固定搭配（表示“对……有影响”）。故选B。   54．—What is the information that was ________? —About the high-technology products in Japan, the country which is ________ the east of China. A．asked; in B．asked for; on C．asked for; to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——被要求的信息是什么？——是关于日本的高科技产品，日本是位于中国东边的国家。 考查动词短语及方位介词。 asked要求；in在……范围内； asked for要求；on与……接壤；to在……范围外（不接壤）。 根据“information”需搭配“asked for（被询问）”，且日本位于中国东边（不接壤），应用“to”。故选C。   55．Tom practices playing basketball every day. In this competition, he finally ________, assisting the team to win the victory. A．made it B．took it easy C．gave up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆每天练习打篮球。在这次比赛中，他终于成功了，帮助球队赢得了胜利。 考查动词短语辨析。made it成功；took it easy放轻松；gave up放弃。根据前文“Tom practices playing basketball every day.”和“assisting the team to win the victory”可知，此处表示他最终成功了。故选A。 56．— How did people move Stonehenge ________ machines to help them? — ________ knows the answer. A．with; Nobody else B．without; None C．without; No one 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——人们如何在没有机器帮助的情况下移动巨石阵？——没有人知道答案。 考查介词和不定代词辨析。with有；without没有；Nobody else没有其他人；None一个也没有（三者或三者以上）；No one没有人。根据语境可知，第一空表示“没有机器帮助”，应用without；第二空表示“没有人知道答案”，应用No one，Nobody else表示“没有其他人”，不符合语境，None一般指物，不指人，此处指人，也不符合语境。故选C。 57．—How was your trip? —Oh, I couldn’t feel worse. ________ I got to the airport, my plane to Dazhou had already taken off. A．By the time B．Since C．As soon as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的旅行怎么样？——哦，我感觉糟透了。当我到达机场时，我飞往达州的飞机已经起飞了。 考查时间状语从句。By the time到……时；Since自从；As soon as一……就……。根据“I couldn’t feel worse.”以及“I got to the airport, my plane to Dazhou had already taken off.”可知，此处指到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了，因此选By the time引导时间状语从句。故选A。 58．—Hey, John. I’m stressed about my exam tomorrow. Do you have any other ________? —You can ask your teacher to ________ you on how to study efficiently. A．advice; advise B．advise; advice C．suggestions; advice 【答案】A 【详解】——嘿，约翰。我对明天的考试感到很有压力。你还有什么其他的建议吗？——你可以请你的老师建议你如何高效学习。 考查词性辨析。advice建议，不可数名词；advise建议，动词；suggestion建议，可数名词。根据“have any other”可知，空处位于any other之后，作动词have的宾语，应用名词形式；根据“You can ask your teacher to…”可知，ask sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”，to后接动词原形，应用动词advise。故选A。 59．— Who is Hou Yi? — He was a love-struck man. After Chang’e flew up to the moon, he ________ her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden, he hoped that his beloved could eat them. A．lied out B．lay out C．laid out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——后羿是谁？——他是一个痴情的人。嫦娥飞上月球后，他在花园里摆出她最喜欢的水果和甜点，他希望他心爱的人能吃到它们。   考查动词短语辨析及时态。lied out 表述错误，lie作“撒谎”讲时，过去式是lied，作“躺；位于”讲时，过去式是lay，而此处应是“摆放”的意思，其正确短语形式是lay out；lay out摆放，动词原形；laid out摆放，lay的过去式和过去分词。根据“After Chang’e flew up to the moon”可知，该句时态是一般过去时，所以此处应该用lay的过去式laid，laid out符合语境。故选C。 60．—Can you help me with this math problem? —Sure, ________. A．it serves you right B．it’s a piece of cake C．old habits die hard 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能帮我解决这个数学问题吗？——当然，小菜一碟。 考查情景交际。it serves you right你活该，表示对他人不幸的嘲讽，与帮助情境不符；it’s a piece of cake小菜一碟，表示问题简单，能轻松解决，符合回应帮助请求的语境；old habits die hard旧习难改，与数学问题无关。故选B。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $