Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading and Thinking 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Reading and Thinking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.They’ve spent nearly a 　　　　　　(十亿) dollars on the research already.  2.I would a　　　　　 it if you could tell me how to improve my calligraphy.  3.60 percent of those present at the meeting hold a negative a　　　　　 to the matter.  4.The bad weather is one of the important 　　　　　　(因素) in the failure of the project. 5.He made great efforts to search for different 　　　　　　(符号) to replace words,phrases,or sentences.  6.There are two mainly different political parties to play an important part in the state 　　　　　　(公共事务) in this country.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.In summary,I regard the English newspaper Youth 　　　　　　my best friend.  2.Students who are in favour of the monitor’s point of view are in a 　　　　　　(major).  3.This semester,every possible means 　　　　　　(use) to narrow each other’s gap up to now. 4.　　　　　　(vary) of ideas struck me and I was at a loss,not knowing which one I should choose.  5.After 　　　　　(refer) to the Chinese dictionary,I knew the specific meanings of these Chinese characters.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.追溯到明朝时期,这座寺庙已经有500多年的历史了。(date back to) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the temple has had a history of more than 500 years. 2.这部电影基于一个真实的故事,使观众感动得流泪。(base on/upon) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the film moved its audience to tears.  3.不论我走到哪里,中国永远是我深爱的故乡。(no matter+疑问词/疑问词+-ever) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　/　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,China is my beloved hometown forever.  4.在我看来,练习太极拳对我们的身体健康有很大的好处。(“be of+抽象名词”结构) In my opinion,practising Tai Chi 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our physical health.  5.我在大学主修书法,因此,我相信我能够成为一名合格的志愿者。(major in) I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,so I am confident that I can be a qualified volunteer.  Ⅳ.阅读微写作 请再读“THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM:CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT”,注意文中的单词、短语和句型,并完成下列练习。 Activity 1　单句写作 1.为了在大学里主修英语,我一直在读英文报Youth以提高我的英语。(major) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at university,I have been reading the English newspaper Youth to improve my English.  2.报纸上有各种各样的文章,从政治到娱乐不等。(variety;非限制性定语从句) There are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the newspaper,　　　　　　　　　　　　 politics to entertainment.  3.报纸对提高我的英语水平有极大的益处。(“be of+抽象名词”结构) The newspaper 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to improving my English.  4.无论我多忙,每天我会抽出一些时间至少读两篇文章。(no matter how) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I spare some time to read at least two articles every day. 5.基于我自己的经验,读英文报真是学英语的好方法。(base) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,reading the English newspaper is really a great way to learn English.  6.我确实希望Youth能出版更多的经典作品,并有一个充满希望的未来。(classic) I do expect Youth can publish 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and have a promising future.  Activity 2　选取上面至少4个句子组成一篇不少于80词的短文(注意使用恰当的衔接词)。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 二、能力素养提升练 Ⅴ.阅读理解 A (2025安徽庐巢联盟高一第一次联考) Although English is not as old as Chinese,it is spoken by many people around the world every day.English speakers are always creating new words,and we are often able to know where most words come from. Sometimes,however,no one may really know where a word comes from.Did you ever think about why hamburgers(汉堡包) are called hamburgers,especially when they are not made with ham(火腿)?About a hundred years ago,some men went to America from Europe.They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg.They did not speak good English,but they ate good food.When some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef,they asked the Germans what it was.The Germans did not understand the question and answered,“We come from Hamburg.” One of these Americans owned a restaurant,and had an idea.He cooked some round pieces of beef like those which the men from Hamburg ate.Then he put each between two pieces of bread and started selling them.Such bread came to be called “hamburgers”.Today “hamburgers” are sold in many countries around the world. Whether this story is true or not,it certainly is interesting.Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting,too.This reason,for most English words,can be found in any large English dictionary. 1.What was Hamburg about a hundred years ago? A.An American city. B.A Chinese city. C.The name of a village. D.A city in Germany. 2.What were hamburgers mainly made with? A.Beef and bread. B.Only made with beef. C.Bread and potato. D.Only made with bread. 3.According to the writer,which of the following can often be found in any large English dictionary? A.Where all the new words came from. B.Where those Germans came from. C.The reason why an English word has a certain meaning. D.The reason why English is spoken around the world. 4.Where does the word “hamburger” come from according to the story? A.China because it has a long history. B.England because Germans don’t speak good English. C.The round pieces of beef which those people from Hamburg were eating. D.English speakers because they always create new words. B (2025安徽蚌埠A层高中第一次联考) Polyglots(通晓数种语言的人) are all around us.However,becoming a polyglot doesn’t just happen.It takes time,but it doesn’t take forever if you know the ways of the trade.Here are some tips from top multi-linguists on how to learn dialects more quickly. Tim Ferris says that the first thing you must do when learning a new language is to “deconstruct” it to see how similar it is to your native tongue. Grammatically speaking,the closer the language is to yours,the faster you will pick it up.For example,English speakers will find Chinese more difficult than,say,Spanish,German and French because the English language borrows a lot of words from its Greek and Latin roots. Being abroad in a foreign country and being immersed(沉浸) in a language are not the same thing.I know a lot of people who have lived overseas for years and hardly picked up the language.Even if you’re living in a foreign country,there isn’t anything that will make you learn languages more quickly than if you were living at home;make sure you must use the language every single day. Alexander Arguelles promotes the “scriptorium technique”(书写室研习法).He says that you should “read a sentence aloud;say each word aloud again as you write it;and then read the sentence aloud as you have written it.” The whole purpose of this exercise is to force you to slow down and pay attention to detail.This is the stage at which you should check all unknowns in the dictionary. While it’s fair to say that prolonged exposure(接触) to words and sounds effectively “burns” them into your brain,there comes a point in every young language learner’s life when you will simply forget a word you’ve heard a hundred times before.Ferris suggests a way to reduce experiences like this is to expand(扩大) your vocabulary using mnemonics(记忆术).He says if you create a mnemonic for a target word,it will help glue the word to your memory more effectively. 5.Why do English speakers find Chinese more difficult to learn? A.Because there are few similarities between English and Chinese. B.Because English has nothing in common with Chinese. C.Because Chinese borrows a lot of words from Greek and Latin. D.Because there are no keywords in the language of Chinese. 6.In the author’s opinion,if you want to learn a foreign language well,what should you do? A.Live in your native country. B.Be abroad in a foreign country. C.Use it to communicate with others. D.Find a native speaker to teach you. 7.What does Alexander Arguelles’ technique focus on? A.Listing key words. B.Fast reading and writing. C.Writing while speaking. D.Reading and guessing unknown words. 8.What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph mean? A.Expanding your vocabulary. B.Forgetting a very familiar word. C.Listening to a word a hundred times. D.Exposure to words and sounds frequently. C (2025湖南衡阳高一第一次联考) When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents(口音),most of them proudly replied,“Well,I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of misses the point. More often than not,what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one,or that their pronunciations are different from our own.But this definition(定义) of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice.Funnily enough,in terms of the language study,every person speaks with an accent.It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents.Even if you don’t hear it yourself,you speak with some sort of accent.In this sense,it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”.We all do! Every person speaks a dialect,too.In the field of language study,a dialect is a changed form of a language that is featured by its variations(变化) of structure,phrases and words.For instance,“You got eat or not?”(meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English.The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”.The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative,according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar.Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow idea of accents and dialects—for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds.In a global age,the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity(身份).Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech.We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 9.What does the author think of his/her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A.It reflects their self-confidence. B.It reflects their language levels. C.It misses the point of communication. D.It misses the real meaning of accents. 10.Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A.To support the use of dialects. B.To show the importance of dialects. C.To correct a grammatical mistake. D.To highlight a traditional method. 11.What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A.Learn to speak with your local dialect. B.Look for an official definition of accents. C.Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D.Separate our local languages from others’. 12.What can be a suitable title for this passage? A.Everyone Has an Accent B.Accents Improve Our Identities C.Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D.Standard English Is at Risk 知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.promote v.　　　　　　　　　　　  2.stage n.　　　　　　　　　　　  3.feature v.　　　　　　　　　　　  n.　　　　　　　　　　　  4.distinct adj.　　　　　　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.field　本文义:n.　　　　　　　　　　　  其他义:n.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.solid　本文义:adj.　　　　　　　　　　  其他义:adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.grammatically speaking　　　　　　　　  2.pick up the language　　　　　　　　　　  3.make sure　　　　　　　　　　　  4.miss the point　　　　　　　　　　　  5.more often than not　　　　　　　　　　  四、经典句式背诵 Whether this story is true or not,it certainly is interesting.(whether引导让步状语从句) 句意:    五、长难句分析 Tim Ferris says that the first thing you must do when learning a new language is to “deconstruct” it to see how similar it is to your native tongue. 分析:这是一个复合句。主句是Tim Ferris says that...,that引导宾语从句。从句是一个“主系表”结构,主语是the first thing,you must do作其定语,when引导时间状语从句;表语是to “deconstruct” it,how引导的从句作see的宾语。 句意:    参考答案 Ⅰ.1.billion　2.appreciate　3.attitude　4.factors　5.symbols　6.affairs Ⅱ.1.as　2.majority　3.has been used　4.Varieties　5.referring Ⅲ.1.Dating back to the Ming Dynasty　2.Based on/upon a true story　3.No matter where/Wherever I go　4.is of great benefit to　5.majored in calligraphy at university Ⅳ.Activity 1 1.To major in English　2.a variety of articles;which vary from　3.is of great benefit　4.No matter how busy I am　5.Based on my own experience　6.more classic works Activity 2 To major in English at university,I have been reading the English newspaper Youth to improve my English.There are a variety of articles in the newspaper,which vary from politics to entertainment.These contents can not only relieve my stress but also widen my knowledge.As a result,the newspaper is of great benefit to improving my English.What’s more,no matter how busy I am,I spare some time to read at least two articles every day.Based on my own experience,reading the English newspaper is really a great way to learn English. I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future. Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“汉堡包”(hamburger)一词的起源故事,并由此说明探讨英语词汇的词源是很有趣的。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg.”可知,大约一百年前,Hamburg其实就是德国的一个城市,故选D项。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“He cooked some round pieces of beef like those which the men from Hamburg ate.Then he put each between two pieces of bread and started selling them.”可知,汉堡包主要是用牛肉和面包做的,故选A项。 3.C　细节理解题。根据文章最后两句“Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting,too.This reason,for most English words,can be found in any large English dictionary.”可知,在字典里经常能查到一个英语单词具有一定意义的原因。故选C项。 4.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“He cooked some round pieces of beef like those which the men from Hamburg ate.Then he put each between two pieces of bread and started selling them.Such bread came to be called ‘hamburgers’.”可知,根据这个故事,“汉堡包”这个词来源于那些从汉堡来的人正在吃的圆形牛肉片,故选C项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关语言学习的一些建议。 5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Grammatically speaking,the closer the language is to yours,the faster you will pick it up.For example,English speakers will find Chinese more difficult than,say,Spanish,German and French because the English language borrows a lot of words from its Greek and Latin roots.”可知,说英语的人发现汉语更难学,因为英语和汉语之间几乎没有相似之处。故选A项。 6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Being abroad in a foreign country and being immersed in a language are not the same thing.”以及“make sure you must use the language every single day”可知,如果你想学好一门外语,就要用它来和别人交流。故选C项。 7.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He says that you should ‘read a sentence aloud;say each word aloud again as you write it;and then read the sentence aloud as you have written it.’”可知,Alexander Arguelles的技巧是边说边写。故选C项。 8.B　词句猜测题。根据上句“there comes a point in every young language learner’s life when you will simply forget a word you’ve heard a hundred times before”以及画线处前的“Ferris suggests a way to reduce experiences”可知,this指代上文中的“忘记一个非常熟悉的单词”这种情况。故选B项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人人都有口音,这种差异能帮助我们了解文化经历和背景,并在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。 9.D　细节理解题。根据第一段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents,most of them proudly replied,‘Well,I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.’ But this kind of misses the point.”和第二段中“More often than not,what we mean when we say someone ‘has an accent’ is that their accent is different from the local one,or that their pronunciations are different from our own.”可知,作者认为第一段中他/她朋友的回答忽略了对口音含义的真正理解。故选D项。 10.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Every person speaks a dialect,too.In the field of language study,a dialect is a changed form of a language that is featured by its variations of structure,phrases and words....The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative,according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar.Why should it be wrong just because it’s different?”可知,作者是支持方言的使用的。由此可推知,作者使用新加坡英语口语的例子是为了支持方言的使用。故选A项。 11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds.In a global age,the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity.Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech.We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.”可知,作者认为语言的差异能让我们了解文化经历和背景,并在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。由此可推知,作者建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C项。 12.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第二段中“Funnily enough,in terms of the language study,every person speaks with an accent.It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents.Even if you don’t hear it yourself,you speak with some sort of accent.In this sense,it’s pointless to point out that someone ‘has an accent’.We all do!”可知,文章主要介绍了人人都有口音,这种差异能帮助我们了解文化经历和背景,并在这个过程中交到更多的朋友,A项“每个人都有口音”适合作文章标题。 知识积累卡 一、1.促进,提倡;升职;促销　2.阶段,时期;舞台 3.以……为特色;起重要作用;担任主演　特点,特征　4.不同的;清楚的;确切的 二、1.专业,领域　田地,田野;现场,实地;战场　2.扎实的;牢固的　固体的,坚硬的;结实的;可靠的 三、1.语法上来说　2.学会这门语言　3.确保　4.错过重点　5.经常发生的 四、不管这个故事是真是假,它确实很有趣。 五、蒂姆·费里斯说,学习一门新语言时,你必须做的第一件事就是“解构”它,看看它与你的母语有多相似。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $