2026届云南省昆明市五华区云南师范大学附属中学等学校高三下学期3月模拟预测英语试题

英语参考答案 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1~5 CCACA 6~10 CBAAC 11~15 ACBAB 16~20 ABBCB 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 21~25 DDCBA 26~30 CACDB 31~35 ADBBC 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36~40 DFCAG 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41~45 BACBA 46~50 BACAB 51~55 BCDAA 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56．but 57．suspended 58．presence 59．at 60．practical 61．temperatures 62．is cut 63．which 64．a 65．marking 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 【参考范文】 Dear Mr. Smith， Having followed your research on robot learning companions with great interest，I’m writing to apply for participation in your project． With strong English skills and a self-taught understanding of AI in education — reading extensively about robots assisting students — I believe I can contribute meaningfully to your research．Beyond that，as a student，I could serve as both a participant and an experimental subject，offering authentic feedback from a learner’s perspective．I’m genuinely curious about whether interacting with a robot companion might bring fresh views to my cognition．I hope it could revolutionize the way I approach learning． Could you kindly share the project details and how I might get involved？Thank you． Yours， Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 【参考范文】 The morning of my fifty-third week arrived，but this time，there was no coupon in my hand．Standing outside the familiar glass doors，I felt a strange mix of relief and nostalgia．The routine of planning a costume and scouting a photo spot had become the highlight of my week．Taking a deep breath，I pushed the door open，not as a winner claiming a prize，but as a regular customer ready to pay．Donnie looked up from the counter，his face lighting up when he saw me．“No freebie today？” he joked warmly．I shook my head，smiling．“Just the usual，please．” As I waited for my sandwich，I realized the true reward wasn’t the free food；it was the sense of belonging I had cultivated within these walls． Sitting at my favorite table，I watched the breakfast crew busily serving customers．Feeling an unexpected surge of pride，I was no longer the shy woman hiding in pajamas；I was part of this community．Tim joined me shortly after，looking surprised to see me already seated and chatting with a new retiree at the next table．“Look at you，”he whispered，“making friends already？”I nodded，feeling a warmth that had nothing to do with the hot coffee in front of me．The game had ended，but the connection remained．I had learned that stepping out of one’s comfort zone could lead to beautiful surprises．With my blue jean jacket firmly on，I knew this was just the beginning of many more shared breakfasts and new adventures． 【解析】 第二部分 阅读 第一节 A 语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本与沙漠相关的书籍。 21．D 细节理解题。从文章第二段“Arguably the first lyrical essay collection about the California desert”可知，The Land of Little Rain被誉为第一部关于加州沙漠的抒情散文集，这使其区别于其他书籍。故选D。 22．D 细节理解题。从文章第五段“Built for both backpack and end table”可知，The Deserts of California既适合背包携带也适合居家阅读，因此适合旅行者随身携带。故选D。 23．C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，四本书虽然体裁不同，但都以沙漠地区为背景或主题：第一本写加州沙漠，第二本写美国西南部沙漠，第三本写科切拉山谷，第四本是加州沙漠野外指南。故选C。 B 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一位教授关于茶和啤酒如何助力英国工业革命的研究。 24．B 细节理解题。从文章第三段“Thanks to boiled water and natural antibacterial elements in them，these drinks helped protect people from water-borne diseases”可知答案选B。 25．A 细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段“As beer grew more expensive because of a malt tax，poor people had to turn to polluted water”可知答案选A。 26．C 推理判断题。A选项（当时日本茶叶消费量少于英国）：原文仅提及“英国人饮茶更广泛”，未直接对比两国茶叶消费量，属于过度推断，无法推出，排除；B选项（当时日本城市居民少于英国）：原文仅说明“日本也有大城市”，未涉及两国城市居民数量的对比，无依据可寻，排除；C选项（饮食习惯影响疾病控制）：英国因广泛饮茶有效控制疾病，日本疾病死亡率更高，正是两国饮食习惯的差异导致，符合原文逻辑，可合理推断；D选项（工业化使英国城市更清洁）：原文未提及工业化与城市清洁度的关联，无中生有，排除。故选C。 27．A 主旨大意题。本文旨在讲述茶和啤酒如何助力英国工业革命的发生。故选A。 C 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——AI使用心态 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究指出，越不懂AI的人，越爱用AI。 28．C 细节理解题。根据第三段整段，可知当你不太了解其背后的运作机制时，人工智能创作的诗歌或食谱看起来令人惊叹，甚至神奇，而这种感觉实际上会增加人们使用它的意愿。故选C。 29．D 细节理解题。根据第四段整段，可知这一发现挑战了普遍的假设，即在其他领域，比如葡萄酒，对它最了解的人是爱好者。而对于人工智能，情况恰恰相反——越不懂的人越喜欢用。故选D。 30．B 推理判断题。根据第六段末句和最后一段，可知在人工智能素养测试中得分较低的学生，比得分较高的学生更有可能使用人工智能完成分配的任务——而得分较高的学生同时认识到，人工智能是一种算法（而非魔法）。Gil Appel的建议是，认识到人工智能本质上只是模式匹配，就能有效剥离那种情感体验。故选B。 31．A 推理判断题。根据文章话题内容和文体，可判断该文应该出现在科技部分。故选A。 D 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——宇宙探索 【语篇导读】科学家在宇宙网中发现了一个由14个星系组成的巨大旋转结构，其成员星系与整体结构同向旋转，这一发现挑战了传统认知，并为星系演化研究提供了新线索。 32．D 细节理解题。第二段明确指出：“The galaxies are full of neutral hydrogen…Because hydrogen is easily disturbed，it acts like a sign，revealing the flow of gas and momentum（动量）．”这与D选项完全一致。A选项“最大的”过于绝对，原文是“one of the biggest”；B选项“随机方向”与原文矛盾；C选项“相反方向”与第三段“same direction”矛盾。 33．B 细节理解题。第三段中Tudorache直接说明：“the structure is passing its spin on to the galaxies through‘a transfer of angular momentum（角动量）’”这正是B选项的内容。A选项“偶然发生且无意义”与原文“provides important clues”矛盾；C选项“总是同向旋转”过于绝对；D选项“挑战所有现有理论”夸大其词，原文只是说与“generally think”不同。 34．B 词义猜测题。“throw a wrench into”是习语，意为“造成阻碍、带来麻烦”。最后一段讨论这种结构可能使星系看起来排列成行，干扰观测数据，产生错误信号，因此是“给调查带来问题”。A选项“彻底摧毁”程度过重；C选项“轻微增强”方向错误；D选项“提供支持”意思相反。 35．C 主旨归纳题。标题应概括文章核心内容——科学家在宇宙网中发现了一个巨大的旋转星系群。文章开篇即点明这一发现，后续内容围绕这一发现的特点和意义展开。C选项最直接、准确地概括了这一主旨。A选项只是文章涉及的一个问题，非全文核心；B选项只涉及最后一段的影响，过于片面；D选项把“宇宙网”作为研究方法，偏离了“发现旋转结构”这一中心。 第二节 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——提升专注度 【语篇导读】本文提出多种方法，帮助人们在学习、工作中提高专注度。 36．D 引出下文。D选项中的“Here are some effective tips”（这里有一些有效的建议）正好呼应后文列举的四个具体方法。E项虽语义通顺，但属于纯观点陈述，无法起到引导下文的作用。故选D。 37．F 细节支撑。这一段的主题是“创造安静环境”。F选项提到“排除任何可能分散注意力的事物”（eliminate anything that might draw your attention away），是对该段主题的进一步补充，且能衔接后文在图书馆和家里的具体做法。故选F。 38．C 标题对应。该段小标题是“Break tasks into smaller steps”（将任务拆分为更小的步骤）。C选项中的“divide a big job into several manageable parts”（将大工作分成几个可处理的部分）是标题的同义改写，这是高考最常见的命题套路。故选C。 39．A 段落标题。A选项“Take regular breaks to recharge”（定期休息以充电）采用了祈使句式，与全文标题风格一致，且关键词“breaks”与该段讨论“大脑疲劳”和“恢复能量”的内容高度契合。故选A。 40．G 指代关系。选项G中的“This”指代前一句提到的“把手机放在另一个房间”或“使用屏蔽软件”的行为。G选项解释了这样做的结果：确保你不会每隔几分钟就想查收信息。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会 【语篇导读】一群陌生人的善意帮助一位男子实现了他徒步穿越西海岸小径的梦想。 41．B 前文提到他梦想完成徒步，后文用“But”转折，航空公司弄丢了他的徒步装备，这会直接导致旅程“终止、结束”，ended 符合语境。 42．A 后文提到“he felt he had lost all hope”，说明他处于“绝望”的状态，despair 与“失去所有希望”的语境完全对应。 43．C prepare for 是固定搭配，意为“为……做准备”。他在Facebook小组里分享计划、咨询建议，正是为徒步“做准备”的具体行为。 44．B 他意识到徒步无法进行后，在小组发消息的目的是“解释”所发生的事情，explain 符合语境逻辑。 45．A 后文提到“thank them”，此处需要表达“感谢”的名词，gratitude 与“thank”语义一致，是同义替换。 46．B 后文提到“warmth far beyond his wildest expectations”，说明陌生人的温暖是出乎意料、令人惊喜的，amazing 完美呼应这种温暖。 47．A 前文提到是在Facebook群里，这些人是他之前未谋面的“群友”，属于“陌生人”。且文章主旨就是讲陌生人的善意。故选A。 48．C 背包、帐篷等都属于徒步旅行的“装备”。这也与第一段开头的“lost all his hiking equipment”相呼应。故选C。 49．A armed with 是固定短语，意为“配备有、带着”。句中指他带着新装备和新希望出发，作状语表伴随状态，符合语境。 50．B 他的旅程曾因装备丢失受阻，现在有了新装备和希望，自然是“重新开始”冒险，restart 契合“重拾希望”的语境。 51．B 前文说徒步路上有风雨、崎岖地形（挑战），后文说他结识了朋友、收获友谊（收获），前后是并列关系，Meanwhile 用于连接同时发生的两种情况。 52．C 他结识了朋友、收获了友谊，且梦想得以实现，这段经历是“令人满足的、充实的”，fulfilling 呼应全文积极的情感基调。 53．D 句意为“慷慨不局限于朋友或家人，它存在于每个社区”，lives in 在此处表示“存在于……之中”，契合主旨。 54．A 文章首句提到“fulfilled his dream”，此处是同义替换，realized 意为“实现”，指陌生人的善意让他的梦想成真。 55．A 前文提到“the collective kindness of strangers”（陌生人的集体善意）让他的梦想得以实现，这正是“人性连接的力量”的体现。“the power of human connection”是文章的核心主旨，意为“人性连接的力量”，与全文“善意互助、梦想成真”的主题高度契合。 第二节 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——饮食与文化 【语篇导读】本文简要介绍了腊月期间，四川人民制作腊肉的过程以及其蕴含的社会文化内涵。 56．but 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为并列连词表示转折，结合句意“四川省过春节的方式并非体现在盛大的展示上，而是体现在安静的日常场景中。”，故填并列连词but。 57．suspended 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词为“begin”，故此处应用非谓语动词作状语，suspend与句子主语“slabs of pork”是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式作伴随状语，故填suspended。句意：沿着阳台，瓦檐之下，厨房窗边，大块的猪肉开始挂出，悬垂于清冷的空气中。 58．presence 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处前被“Their”修饰，需要名词，present的名词形式为presence，表示出现。故填presence。句意：它们的出现标志着腊月的到来。 59．at 考查介词。be close at hand 固定搭配，“……即将到来”，该句表示春节即将到来。故填at。 60．practical 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处与“ceremonial”并列，由“and”连接，应填形容词，practice的形容词形式为practical。句意：制作腊肉要兼顾实用与仪式感。因此，猪肉通常选在每年杀年猪之后，趁着冬日气温低、利于慢慢风干的时候进行腌制。 61．temperatures 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处被“winter”修饰，需要用名词，且temperature在此处是一个可数名词，所以空处需要填temperatures。句意：通常会在每年的屠宰季过后挑选猪肉，此时正值冬季，温度适宜进行缓慢腌制。 62．is cut 考查动词的时态与语态。根据空前的“pork is typically selected after the annual slaughter”可知本段简要介绍腊肉的制作过程，这是一个事实信息，故时态应用一般现在时，且cut与主语之间为动宾关系，故语态为被动语态，所以空处需填is cut。 63．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 “smoke”，指物，且定语从句缺少主语，故填which。句意：这块猪肉经过烟熏塑形，烟熏封住了肉的表面，收紧了脂肪，还让肉充满了浓郁的树脂香气。 64．a 考查冠词。“a visible countdown to the Chinese New Year”此处指制作腊肉这一过程是一场看得见的春节倒计时。在文中首次提及且空后单词以辅音音素开头，故空处填不定冠词a。 65．marking 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词为“is”，故此处应用非谓语动词作状语，mark与主语“The act”是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式作伴随状语，故填marking。句意：把肉挂在屋檐下这一行为既实用又有象征意义——这是对春节的一种直观倒计时，通过变化来标记时间。 听力原文 Text 1 M：Do you think it’s about to rain？ W：Rain？It’s about to snow． M：Really？ W：Yeah．I listened to the weather forecast this morning． Text 2 W：How’s life treating you？ M：Pretty busy．I’m training hard for the coming marathon in our city．And you？ W：Well，I’m busy with some reports during the day and dance classes at night． Text 3 W：Jason，I heard you’re considering moving to Sydney． M：Well．I’ve changed my mind．My wife，Lisa，doesn’t approve of the idea． W：Why？The salary there is higher and the house is bigger． M：Yeah，but her parents live here and they matter more． Text 4 M：I was just going through the sample we received from the printer． W：Do you mean the Science 101 textbook？ M：Right．But we have a problem．The chart on page 109 was printed upside down． Text 5 W：Have you seen the latest vote results for our association？ M：Yes，Jennifer leads with 45%，Jonson has 38% and there’s 17% undecided． W：Interesting．Let’s watch their speeches before voting． Text 6 M：Have you met Daniel — our new neighbor yet？ W：I talked to him last night but he only gave one-word answers to all my questions！ M：Well，you can not judge a book by its cover．I’m sure we’ll find out more about him as time goes on． W：But I felt upset talking to him for just a few minutes．Anyway，I’m working on not damaging relationships so I’ll keep trying． M：Good plan．Let’s invite him for dinner and see if he will open up． W：Okay． Text 7 M：Where is your hometown，Laura？ W：My hometown is in a coastal state in France． M：Is it in the city or the countryside？ W：It’s in a suburban area．Most people there plant grapes and sell wine． M：Is the traffic jam a big issue in your hometown？ W：No，actually there are too few buses there．I can’t stand waiting for a bus for about half an hour every time． M：That does sound annoying．How is the atmosphere？ W：Well，it’s quite peaceful．And I enjoy the fresh air． M：How about the residents there？ W：They’re friendly and hospitable． M：Do you plan to find a job in your hometown or somewhere else after our graduation？ W：Well，manual work is easy to find in my hometown，but I’m uncertain about the white-collar jobs. Maybe I will ask our teacher for advice． M：Good idea． Text 8 W：Hi，Mario．What’s up？ M：Nicole！Fancy running into you here．Do you have time for a cup of coffee？ W：Sure．Let’s go through the traffic lights first and then catch up．Do you work around here？ M：Yes，at the opposite dress shop．I’m responsible for sales，but I’m hoping they’ll promote me to buyer after I have some experience. W：Oh，I know．Their clothes are trendier than ordinary ones．I’ll bet their sales have gone up since you started working there． M：Well，I try！The thing is，I enjoy the work as I like helping people find what works for them．It’s actually quite fulfilling． W：Good for you．And I think the idea of becoming a buyer is great．But I remember how you used to dream of being a fashion designer． M：Yeah，and I think being a buyer is a step in the right direction of my dream． W：Exactly．And maybe you’ll have your own fashion brand store in the future． Text 9 M：Excuse me，I’m looking for a smart watch．I want to get one for my mother because she has heart disease．And she seldom takes her phone with her．So I often lose touch with her．Can you tell me some information about smart watches？ W：Of course！Let me introduce this kind of smart watch to you．It’s designed with a classic look and modern technology．It offers a range of health and fitness features，including heart rate monitoring，sleep tracking and so on，which can be quite suitable for seniors．It is an excellent choice for your mother． M：That sounds perfect．Can you show me one with the green watchband？I don’t think my mother will like this black one． W：I’m sorry．Only the black and white ones have sample models． M：All right．I’d like to try it on…it looks cool． W：Yeah．The battery life is impressive，too．It can last up to two weeks on a single charge． M：That’s exactly what I am looking for．Anyway，how much is it？ W：$360． M：OK．But before I make the payment，I’d like to phone my mother to make the final decision． Text 10 Some colleges and universities around the US welcome pets in campus housing，from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Massachusetts to Eckerd College in Florida．For students，the companionship can help reduce stress，anxiety and homesickness．However，not all animals are welcome on pet-friendly campuses．At Eckerd，students can bring their family pets to live with them on campus after their first semester．The college requires that pets have been part of students’ home life for at least six months before coming to the campus and must not be aggressive．Eckerd has had pet-friendly dorms since 1973．The college has hosted hundreds of animals，including rabbits，birds，turtles，and fish．Pet-friendly dorms require colleges to consider things like safety concerns，noise complaints，and additional costs for cleaning．Some schools charge a pet fee，which varies by school，type of pet and is often included in housing expenses．Pets are required to be restricted in public areas，and most colleges require students to ensure their pets are healthy．Eckerd and other colleges also recognize pets’ role in their students’ lives at graduation ceremonies，allowing them to cross the stage together in some cases． 英语参考答案·第7页（共10页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语试卷 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 注意，回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How will the weather probably be? A. Rainy. B. Clear. C. Snowy. 2. What does the man occupy himself in doing? A. Taking dance classes. B. Finishing reports. C. Preparing for a long race. 3. Why did the man’s wife disagree with his plan? A. To be closer to her parents. B. To maintain a high salary. C. To live in a big house. 4. What is the problem with the sample? A. The page numbers were wrong. B. The release date got messed up. C. Some content was printed incorrectly. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An election. B. A speech. C. An organization. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6和第7小题。 6. What does the woman think of Daniel? A. Smart. B. Polite. C. Reserved. 7. What will the woman do? A. Go to Daniel’s house for dinner. B. Have further conversation with Daniel. C. Take a course on neighborhood relationships. 听下面的录音，回答第8至第10小题。 8. Where is Laura’s hometown? A. In the suburbs. B. In the city center. C. In the countryside. 9. What is Laura dissatisfied with about her hometown? A. The public transport. B. The atmosphere. C. Some residents. 10. Who is Laura probably talking to? A. Her teacher. B. Her colleague. C. Her schoolmate: 听下面的录音，回答第11至第13小题。 11. Where do the speakers encounter each other? A. On the street. B. At a coffee shop. C. In a clothing store. 12. Why does the man like his present job? A. He increases the sales of the store. B. He enjoys the fashion clothing in the store. C. He can assist people to find suitable clothes. 13. What is the man’s ultimate career goal? A. To be promoted to buyer. B. To become a fashion designer. C. To have his own coffee shop. 听下面的录音，回答第14至第16小题。 14. Why does the man want to buy a watch for his mother? A. To help keep in touch with his mother. B. To satisfy his mother’s thirst for modern technology. C. To make it convenient for his mother to read the time. 15. Which watch might interest the man’s mother? A. One with the white watchband. B. One with the green watchband. C. One with the black watchband. 16. What is the man going to do next? A. Talk to his mother. B. Make the payment. C. Try on a new watch. 听下面的录音，回答第17至第20小题。 17. What is the benefit of keeping pets on campus for students? A. It helps them save housing expenses. B. It relieves their stress and homesickness. C. It allows them to make friends easily. 18. What is the requirement for students to bring pets at Eckerd College? A. Their pets must be registered before arrival. B. Their pets must have lived with them for half a year. C. They must pay a fixed pet fee on a daily basis. 19. What challenge do colleges face with pet-friendly dorms? A. Lack of professional pet trainers. B. Difficulty in limiting pet numbers. C. Extra costs for cleaning and management. 20. How do some colleges recognize the pets’ role at graduation? A. They prepare special gifts for the pets. B. They let pets walk on the stage together. C. They host a celebration for pet-owning graduation. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The word “desert” suggests barrenness (荒芜) for many, but anyone near one knows how rich and complex it can be, which is true of the best books set there. Here is a brief selection of desert reads. Get a glimpse of awe-inspiring vistas, rugged wildlife, tales of resilionce and more. The Land of Little Rain By Mary Austin, Penguin Classics: 128 pp., $17 (1903; reprinted 1997) Arguably the first lyrical essay collection about the California desert, Austin drew on her Owens Valley travels, covering mining, tribal life, weather and water. The book is thrilling in its close-attention to details. Here, she writes, “It is possible to live with great energy, to have red blood and delicate joys.” Desert Solitaire: A Season in the Wilderness By Edward Abbey, Ballantine Books: 352 pp., $10 (1968; reprinted 1985) Abbey’s bestselling memoir revealed the Southwest’s beauty and fragility, depicting awe-inspiring vistas while thundering against those who damage it. Often likened to Walden, Abbey’s darkly humorous voice gave Western literature a tone distinct from East Coast gentility and folksy cowboy writing. Mecca By Susan Straight, V: 384 pp., $19 (2022) A contemporary epic set in the Coachella Valley, Straight’s novel offers a cross-section of desert inhabitants — a motorcycle officer, a spa employee, a family rocked by a police shooting — set against the demands of desert life. It speaks to the present while exploring the region’s long history. The Deserts of California: A California Field Atlas By Obi Kaufmann, Heyday, 576 pp., $55 (2023) Kaufmann’s illustrated field guide to the state’s dry regions is wide-ranging geographically and in species covered. Built for both backpack and end table, it offers detailed descriptions alongside requests for the land’s preservation. 21. What distinguishes The Land of Little Rain from others? A. It argues for the preservation of desert land. B. It focuses on the lyrical details of desert life. C. It is based on the author’s travels in the Southwest. D. It pioneered a lyrical approach to writing about desert. 22. Which book is suitable for a traveller to carry with? A. The Land of Little Rain. B. Desert Solitaire: A Season in the Wilderness. C. Mecca. D. The Deserts of California: A California Field Atlas. 23. What do the four books have in common? A. They were all published in the 20th century. B. They were all written by California natives. C. They are all set in or about desert regions. D. They all focus primarily on desert wildlife. B Alan Macfarlane, a professor of anthropological science at King’s College, Cambridge, has long been fascinated by the Industrial Revolution, a pivotal event that reshaped the world. Like other historians, he has spent decades trying to unlock the mystery: Why did this transformative “Big Bang” occur in Britain in the late 18th century? Macfarlane compares finding the cause of the Industrial Revolution to opening a combination lock. He believes about 20 key factors are needed, including industrial technology, a large labor force, efficient transport, a wealthy middle class, a market economy and a supportive political system. Britain had most of these conditions, while other countries had only some. These factors were necessary but not sufficient, so historians suspect there must be “missing factors.” Here’s where the story takes an unexpected turn: the “missing factors” might be in your kitchen cupboard. Macfarlane proposes tea and beer, beloved British drinks, fueled the revolution. Thanks to boiled water and natural antibacterial elements in them, these drinks helped protect people from water-borne diseases, allowing urban communities to grow densely without falling prey to illnesses like dysentery. At first glance, the theory seems odd. But his research wins over skeptics. Between 1650 — 1740, Britain’s population grew rapidly. The infant mortality rate dropped sharply in both cities and the countryside, among people of all social classes. None of the suggested reasons could fully explain this phenomenon. So what changed? Macfarlane connected this to disease patterns. Water-borne illnesses, especially dysentery, decreased. He realized British beverages played a role. As beer grew more expensive because of a malt tax, poor people had to turn to polluted water, until tea became their new choice. Comparing with Japan, which also had large cities but higher disease deaths, Macfarlane found the difference. The British drank tea more widely, which helped control diseases. This theory isn’t just about drinks — it’s a reminder that history’s big moments hinge on surprising, interconnected factors. A simple daily habit may have helped start an industrial revolution, showing how the ordinary can shape the extraordinary. 24. Why were tea and beer helpful for Britain’s Industrial Revolution? A. They created more job opportunities for poor people. B. They helped reduce the risk of water-borne diseases. C. They improved the taste of daily drinking water. D. They pushed the development of medical technology. 25. What made poor people turn to unsafe water before tea became popular? A. The high cost of beer due to a malt tax. B. The poor quality of beer on the market. C. The wide spread of serious illnesses. D. The lack of safe drinking water sources. 26. What can we infer from the Britain-Japan comparison? A. Japan consumed less tea than Britain at that time. B. Japan had fewer urban residents than Britain then. C. Drinking habits influenced disease control. D. Industrialization led to cleaner cities in Britain. 27. What is the main idea of the text? A. How tea and beer may have contributed to the Industrial Revolution. B. Why Britain had a faster population growth in the 17th century. C. The important role of healthy drinks in daily life. D. Different factors leading to industrialization worldwide. C When it comes to most new technologies, early adopters tend to be the people who know and understand the tools the best. New research suggests that with artificial intelligence, the opposite seems to be true. “When you don’t really get what’s going on under the hood, AI creating poems or recipes seems amazing, even magical,” says Stephanie Tully, one of the study’s authors at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business. “And that feeling can actually increase people’s willingness to use it.” That finding challenges the common assumption. “In other domains, like wine, the people who know the most about it are wine lovers,” says Tully. “With AI, it’s the contrary.” Across seven studies, the researchers assessed people’s AI literacy (知识) using different methods, including a 25-item questionnaire they created and a 17-question test created using two AI systems. In one experiment, the researchers recruited 234 undergraduates, assessed their AI literacy and then asked them to consider writing four papers on topics ranging from how the assassination (刺杀) of Archduke Franz Ferdinand led to World War I to a poem about falling in love in Venice. The participants were then asked if they would or wouldn’t use an AI system to help them complete the assignment and to what extent. The students who scored lower on AI literacy were more likely to use AI to complete the assigned tasks than people with higher AI literacy who, meanwhile, recognized that AI is an algorithm (算法), not magic, the researchers say. “Understanding that AI is just pattern-matching is an effective approach, which wipes out the emotional experience,” suggests Gil Appol, another co-author. 28. What makes people more willing to use AI? A. An awareness of human limitations. B. An understanding of new technologies. C. A feeling of awe regarding AI’s ability. D. A sense of despair for lack of knowledge. 29. Which statement agrees with the findings of the new study? A. Writing poems is a behavior unique to humans. B. Adopting AI requires information from other domains. C. Knowing AI the most brings an attachment to it. D. Having less knowledge of AI raises the chances to use it. 30. What is Gil Appel’s remark about? A. Urgency to strengthen confidence in humans. B. Advice to remove unreasonable impressions. C. Call to better human emotional control. D. Action to change AI’s dominant role. 31. Which of the following sections is the text probably selected from? A. Science. B. Entertainment. C. Literature. D. Engineering. D Astronomers have just spotted one of the biggest spinning structures ever seen. A string of 14 galaxies spanning 5.5 million light-years is rotating (旋转) together, located inside a spinning chunk of the cosmic web (宇宙网). Such a consistent direction of spin is unexpected and could complicate major upcoming surveys. Scientists found the structure in data from the MeerKAT radio telescope. Later, they saw that members on one end of the string were moving toward us, while those on the other end were moving away. They also found that outside its central line, the main part races around at some 250,000 mph (400,000 km/h). The galaxies are full of neutral hydrogen, the raw material for star formation. Because hydrogen is easily disturbed, it acts like a sign, revealing the flow of gas and momentum (动量). That makes this structure a live demo of how galaxies grow, acquiring material and spinning up over time. What surprised the team is that most of the galaxies are also turning around their own center in the same direction as the whole structure is spinning. Astronomers generally think galaxies rotate randomly. But in this case, “We believe this is caused by the gravitational interaction between the galaxies and the structure,” says Madalina Tudorache, the leading researcher. More specifically, the structure is passing its spin on to the galaxies through “a transfer of angular momentum (角动量).” This provides important clues to how a galaxy’s environment affects its formation and evolution. Giant spinning structures such as this could throw a wrench into current and future cosmological surveys. Present projects study the universe by exploiting the fact that light from cosmic objects is bent to Earth by the gravity of matter it passes, which can make galaxies appear to be lined up. But if galaxies are actually lined up, it could produce a false signal, making our maps incorrect. “This structure breaks our assumption that all galaxies are randomly oriented,” says Naomi Robertson, a research associate at the University of Edinburgh, adding that such observations help astronomers test data analysis methods and explore the cosmic web more fully by combining multiple datasets. 32. What do we know about the newly discovered structure? A. It is the largest spinning structure ever found. B. It consists of 14 galaxies moving in random directions. C. Its galaxies spin in the opposite direction of the structure. D. Its galaxies contain neutral hydrogen uncovering gas flow. 33. What can be learned from Tudorache’s words about the discovery? A. It happens by chance and has little scientific significance. B. It results from the structure transferring its spin to the galaxies. C. It proves that galaxies always spin in the same direction. D. It challenges all existing theories about galaxy formation. 34. What does the underlined phrase “throw a wrench into” in the last paragraph mean? A. Completely destroy. B. Cause problems for. C. Slightly enhance. D. Provide support for. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. How do Galaxies Get Their Spin? B. Will Lined-up Galaxies Ruin Space Surveys? C. Giant Spinning Galaxies Found in Cosmic Web D. Studying Galaxies Through the Cosmic Web 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Improving Your Concentration Concentrating can be difficult, especially with so many distractions around us. Whether you are studying for an exam or working on a project, staying focused is key to success. 36 Create a quiet environment. The place where you work has a big impact on your concentration. Find a space that is free from noise and interruptions. 37 For example, if you are in a library, choose a corner away from the main entrance. If you’re at home, tell your family members that you need some private time. Break tasks into smaller steps. Large projects can feel overwhelming, which makes it easy to lose focus. 38 By focusing on one small task at a time, you will feel a sense of progress. This keeps you motivated and helps you stay on track until the entire project is completed. 39 It might seem counterintuitive, but taking breaks actually improves concentration. Working for hours without stopping leads to brain fatigue. This allows your mind to rest and recover for a few minutes. After a short walk or a stretch, you will find it easier to return to your work with a fresh mind and better energy. Limit your use of technology. Notifications from social media are major distractions. Try to put your phone in another room or use apps that block distracting websites. 40 By removing these digital temptations, you can give your full attention to the task you need to do. A. Take regular breaks to recharge. B. Use a timer to manage your sessions. C. Try to divide a big job into several manageable parts. D. Here are some effective tips to help you boost your focus. E. Concentration is a skill that requires constant practice every day. F. It is essential to eliminate anything that might draw your attention away. G. This ensures that you won’t be tempted to check messages every few minutes. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A Utah man fulfilled his dream of hiking the West Coast Trail (WCT), thanks to the kindness of some strangers. Cragun Foulger had long dreamed of completing the 45-mile hike along the west coast of Vancouver Island. But his trip almost 41 before it even began — his airline lost all his hiking equipment. This unexpected blow left him in a state of deep 42 ; he felt he had lost all hope of making the journey. Foulger had previously spent months 43 for the trip in the “West Coast Trail, Beautiful British Columbia” Facebook group. He had shared his plans, asked for advice, and connected with fellow hikers there. Once he realized the hike was off, he posted a message to 44 what had happened. He also expressed   45   to everyone who had helped him plan the trip in advance. What happened next was truly 46 . The group members responded with warmth far beyond his wildest expectations. Many 47 came forward, offering to lend or give him the gear he needed. Within days, he was furnished with a backpack, a tent, a sleeping bag, and all the other necessary 48 . In total, 19 people reached out to help him, and Foulger later wrote a heartfelt post to thank them for their kindness. 49 new items and renewed hope, Foulger set off to 50 his adventure. Along the challenging 45-mile trail, he faced wind, rain, and rough terrain. 51 , he also made meaningful connections with other hikers and formed lasting friendships. These experiences made his journey far more 52 than he had ever imagined. Foulger’s story shows that generosity is not limited to friends or family — it 53 in every community, even among those who have never met. It was the collective kindness of unfamiliar people that 54 his seemingly broken dream. As he later said, the trip was never just about the hike; it was about the 55 of human connection, a lesson that will stay with him for a lifetime. 41. A. existed B. ended C. progressed D. returned 42. A. despair B. relief C. excitement D. confusion 43. A. accounting B. answering C. preparing D. searching 44. A. hide B. explain C. prove D. ignore 45. A. gratitude B. doubt C. regret D. surprise 46. A. terrifying B. amazing C. engaging D. embarrassing 47. A. strangers B. amateurs C. professionals D. organisers 48. A. shelter B. instruction C. equipment D. schedule 49. A. Armed with B. Attached to C. Driven by D. Interested in 50. A. abandon B. restart C. observe D. design 51. A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. Otherwise D. Moreover 52. A. stressful B. reflective C. fulfilling D. tiring 53. A. disappears B. survives C. originates D. lives 54. A. realized B. destroyed C. created D. predicted 55. A. power B. risk C. cost D. joy 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As winter deepens and the year edges toward a close, Sichuan province’s approach to the Spring Festival reveals itself not in grand displays, 56 in quiet, everyday scenes. Along balconies, beneath tiled eaves, and beside kitchen windows, slabs of pork begin to appear, 57 (suspend) in the cold air. Their 58 (present) marks the arrival of layue, the 12th month on the Chinese calendar, signaling that the Chinese New Year is close 59 hand. This is the season of larou, Sichuan’s traditional cured pork and the region’s most enduring winter dish. To make larou both 60 (practice) and ceremonial, pork is typically selected after the annual slaughter, when winter 61 (temperature) allow for slow curing. It 62 (cut) thick into even layers of fat and lean, and rubbed with salt, chili powder, and crushed Sichuan peppercorns. After curing, the meat is hung above a stove, where it slowly absorbs the wood smoke as it dries in the crisp air. This pork is shaped by smoke, 63 seals the surface, tightens the fat, and fills the meat with deep, resinous (树脂的) aromas. Families often make larou together, exchanging techniques and recipes passed down through generations. The act of hanging meat beneath the eaves is both functional and symbolic — 64 visible countdown to the Chinese New Year, 65 (mark) time through transformation. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的外教Mr. Smith正在做一个关于“机器人学伴”（Robot Learning Companion）的研究项目，你对这一话题非常感兴趣，请你给Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．申请加入项目； 2．表达学习期待。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Smith, Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “But you don’t even like to have breakfast in a restaurant,” said my husband Tim. I didn’t know why I attempted the Wendy’s Breakfast Matching Game online. Ironically, on my first try, I matched three images. Up popped: CONGRATULATIONS! YOU WON FREE BREAKFAST FOR A YEAR! Soon, a booklet of coupons arrived — free breakfast every week for a year. What Tim said was true. I preferred cereal and yogurt in my pajamas at home, not dressed up in public. I didn’t even drink coffee. Tim suggested using the drive-through (免下车服务), which seemed perfect for a retiree like me who loved solitude. However, I realized I hadn’t made a new friend or changed out of sweatpants until noon in ages. What if I used this win as a challenge to change my habits? The next morning, dressed in my blue jean jacket, I went inside the restaurant. When I presented my coupon for a free breakfast, the manager was excited to have a local winner, introducing me to the entire crew. Eating in public wasn’t that distasteful; it was fun! Hence, I formed a plan: fifty-two weeks, fifty-two selfies in different locations, and fifty-two attempts to meet someone new. Through the year, I celebrated everything from National Hero Day to Halloween with creative costumes and themed selfies. Though I didn’t meet crowds of strangers because most customers used mobile orders, I bonded deeply with the breakfast crew just by being curious about them. Donnie, the manager, always greeted me by name, asking, “What special day is this one?” They learned my story, and I learned theirs. As the year ended, Donnie surprised me with an official Wendy’s T-shirt for my final selfie. I realized how much I would have missed had I chosen the drive-through. I wasn’t such an introvert (内向的人) after all. I had conquered my fear of social interaction and transformed a simple meal into a weekly celebration of life. Now, whenever Tim suggests eating out, I eagerly grab my blue jean jacket, ready to make new friends. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The morning of my fifty-third week arrived, but this time, there was no coupon in my hand. Sitting at my favorite table, I watched the breakfast crew busily serving customers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $