09 一、词法 专题二 动词 考点6 非谓语动词-【众相原创·赋能中考】2026年中考英语课堂精讲册配套课件（人教版 甘肃专用）

甘肃 英 语 课堂精讲册 1 第二部分 语法知识精讲练 一、词法 专题二 动词 考点6 非谓语动词 2 课标语法导图 3 甘肃中考解读 考卷 考查题型 考情 省卷 语法与情景对话，任务型完形填 空，词汇考查，句型转换，完成 句子 6年14考 兰州卷 任务型完形填空，词汇考查 6年8考 4 考点讲解 5 （一）动词不定式 1.动词不定式的基本形式： 肯定形式：to+动词原形（to有时可省略） 否定形式：not to+动词原形 6 2.动词不定式的句法功能：#2 句法功能 用法 例句 作主语 （省卷：6年2 考；兰州： 2023.41） 置于句首，谓语动 词用单数；常用it作 形式主语 To keep the classroom clean is important.→It is important to keep the classroom clean. 7 句法功能 用法 例句 作宾语 （省卷：6年5 考；兰州：6年 3考） 一些表命令、打 算、希望、决心等 的动词常接不定式 作宾语 I want to keep the classroom clean. 续表 8 句法功能 用法 例句 作表语 表示某种愿望、目 的、责任、义务等 My purpose is to keep the classroom clean. 作宾语补足语 （省卷：6年2 考；兰州： 2021.46） 动词不定式作宾语 补足语时与宾语有 逻辑上的主谓关系 Our teacher advises us to keep the classroom clean. 续表 9 句法功能 用法 例句 作状语 （省卷：6 年2考；兰 州： 2025.28） 目的 状语 动词不定式的位置 灵活，可放句首、 句中或句末 To catch the early bus, we need to leave home at 6 o’clock. 原因 状语 / I am happy to keep the classroom clean. 续表 10 句法功能 用法 例句 作状语 （省卷：6年2考；兰州： 2025.28） 结果 状语 通常表示出乎意料 的结果或自然产生 的结果，但更侧重 前者 He hurried to the station, only to find that the train had left. 续表 11 句法功能 用法 例句 作定语 动词不定式作定语 时，通常被放在修 饰的名词或代词 之后 I am not free now. I have many things to do. Is there anything to eat in the fridge? 续表 12 为避免句子出现主语或宾语过长，造成句子结构头重脚轻的现象， 常用it作形式主语或形式宾语,真正的主语或宾语——动词不定式 则被后置。用it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型有： ①It is+adj.+（for/of sb.）to do sth. 如：It is hard for me to finish the task on time.#2.2.1.1 13 ②It is+n.+to do sth. 如：It is a pleasure to help others when they are in need. ③It takes/took sb.+some time + to do sth. 如：It takes me 30 minutes to walk to school every day.#2.2.1.3 ④It seems/appears +adj.+to do sth. 如：It seems necessary to prepare an umbrella today. ⑤find/think/feel it+adj.+to do sth. 如：She finds it easy to learn English.#2.2.1.5 14 3.常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词（词组）（v.+to do sth. ……做某事）#3 afford 负担 得起 agree 同意 ask 要求 choose 选择 dare 敢于 decide 决定 expect 期待 forget 忘记 happen 碰巧 hope/wish 希望 learn 学习 manage 设法 offer 主动 提出 plan 计划 prefer 更 喜欢 15 prepare 准备 promise 承诺 refuse 拒绝 remember 记得 seem 似乎 try 努力 can’t wait 迫不及待 want 想要 would like 想要 love/like 喜欢 续表 16 4.常见的接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词（v.+sb. +to do sth. ……某人做某事） advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 要求 encourage 鼓励 expect 期望 force 强迫 help 帮助 invite 邀请 order 命令 remind 提醒 teach 教 tell 告诉 want 想要 would like 想要 warn 警告 17 5.动词不定式的特殊用法 （1）疑问词与动词不定式连用可作主语、宾语或表语。如： Where to go for the coming holiday hasn’t been decided. （作主语） I haven’t decided where to go for the coming holiday.（作宾语） My question is where to go for the coming holiday. （作表语） 18 （2）“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如： Can you tell me how to make a plan for the coming holiday?=Can you tell me how I can make a plan for the coming holiday？ 19 6.不带to的情况 有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带 to。 这种 动词有两类:一类是感官动词,如see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等。 另一类是使役动词,如 let, make, have 等。如： ①I saw the teacher go out. ②Let me go! 20 （二）动名词 1.动名词的基本形式 肯定形式：动词原形+-ing 否定形式：not+动词原形+-ing 2.动名词的句法功能 句法功能 用法 例句 作主语 （兰州2025.50） 单个动名词（短语） 作主语，谓语动词用 单数 Teaching English is interesting. 21 句法功能 用法 例句 作宾语 （省卷：6年4考； 兰州2023.34） 作动词的宾语，表示 习惯性或经常性动作 She likes teaching English. 作介词的宾语 She is good at teaching English. 续表 22 句法功能 用法 例句 作表语 作表语，动名词 （短语）可转换为作 主语 Her job is teaching English in a middle school. 作定语 位于所修饰词之前， 表明其用途等 She wants to buy a washing machine. 续表 23 3.常见的接动名词作宾语的动词 avoid 避免 consider 考虑 enjoy 喜欢 finish 完成 imagine 想象 keep 坚持 mind 介意 miss 错过 practice 练习 risk 冒险 stand 忍受 advise/suggest 建议 24 4.动名词的常用搭配及句型 ①be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 ②be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 ③be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ④can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 ⑤feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 ⑥give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 ⑦look forward to doing sth. 期望做某事 ⑧spend time（in）doing sth. 花费时间做某事 25 ⑨stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 ⑩pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ⑪succeed （in） doing sth. 成功做某事 ⑫prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ⑬have fun/a good time/difficulty/trouble/problems （in） doing sth. 做某事很开心/有困难 26 有一些动词后面既可以接动名词，也可以接动词不定式，但是意 思有区别，常见的有： 27 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做） forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做） remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做） remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做） regret doing sth.对做过的事感到后悔（已做） regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾（未做） 28 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.设法/努力做某事 29 （三）分词 1.分词的基本形式 现在分词：动词原形+-ing，表示动作正在发生，有主动、进行 之意； 过去分词：动词原形+-ed，表示动作已经完成，有被动、完成之意。 30 2.分词的功能#2 句法 功能 用法 例句 作补 足语 现在分词作补足语，被补充说明的 宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语 （即主动关系） I saw Bob playing basketball on the playground. 31 句法 功能 用法 例句 作补 足语 过去分词作补足语，被补充说明的 宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语 （即动宾关系） I want to have my watch repaired. 续表 32 句法 功能 用法 例句 作定语 现在分词作定语，被修饰的词是其 逻辑主语 The girl sitting by my side is my little sister. 过去分词作定语，被修饰的词是其 逻辑宾语 Please hand in your written exercises. 续表 33 3.现在分词与过去分词的区别 ①在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。如： I saw someone closing the door. I saw the door closed. ②在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已完 成的动作。如： developing country发展中国家 developed country发达国家 34 4.过去分词的常见搭配 ①主语+have/get sth.done “使……被……”。如：I want to have/get these chairs fixed. 35 ②It be+过去分词+that…句型： It is said that… 据说…… It is reported that… 据报道…… It is hoped that… 人们希望…… It is well-known that… 众所周知…… It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is required that… （人们）被要求…… 36 考点测验 37 甘肃6年真题溯源 Ⅰ.语法与情景对话 1.（2020天水） ___ with my father’s handwriting, mine is poor. B A. Compare B. Compared C. Comparing D. Compares 2.（2020天水）Reading is a good way ___ the world. C A. for know B. for knows C. to know D. to knows 38 Ⅱ.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.（2025省卷）Students are asked _______ （do） this task by themselves. 2.（2024省卷）The Internet can be a useful tool, but don’t let it _____ （take） up all of your time. to do take 39 3.（2025兰州）Keep studying hard in the future because _________ （learn） is a lifelong journey. 4.（2024兰州）He went to Lanzhou to _____（visit） Zhongshan Bridge. 5.（2023省卷）You’re expected _________ （shake） hands when meeting people for the first time in China. 6.（2023兰州）It’s polite to _____ （say） thank you when someone helps you. learning visit to shake say 40 7.（2022省卷）More and more young people enjoy ________ （read） poems. 8.（2022省卷）The teacher asked the students _________ （circle） the correct answer. 9.（2020省卷）Do you mind me ________（open）the window? reading to circle opening 41 Ⅲ.根据所给汉语提示完成句子 1.（2025省卷）计划时间就是节约时间。 To _____ time is to _____ time. plan save 2.（2024省卷）为了避免犯错，我们需要仔细阅读每一个问题。 ____ ______ making mistakes, we should read each question carefully. To avoid 3.（2023省卷）每日练习对学习英语来说很重要。 It’s __________ to _________ English every day. important practice 42 拓展提升 Ⅰ.根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.（2025德阳改编）The little girl stopped _______ （cry） and began to laugh when she saw the funny face. 2.（2025苏州改编）Before the Spring Festival, we spent weeks __________ （practice） the dragon dance. 3.（2025泸州改编）It’s not healthy ________（stay） up late. You’d better go to bed early. crying practicing to stay 43 4.（2025张掖三模）The book ________ （write） by Mo Yan is popular recently. 5.（2025陇南三模）My parents told me _________（finish） my homework before dinner. written to finish 44 Ⅱ.[2025青海改编]任务型完形填空微语篇练习 exercise, look, talk, drink， feel, sleep, enjoy, keep This year is the “Weight Management Year” （体重管理 年）. More and more people would like to know how 1. ________ healthy. Experts list some ways.#1.1 to keep 45 Healthy food is necessary. We need to eat what we need rather than what we like. Whole-grain foods （全谷物）, fresh fruit and vegetables keep people lively. Don’t forget 2. _________ enough water.#1.1.1 to drink exercise, look, talk, drink, feel, sleep, enjoy, keep 46 Exercise is a good choice. Exercise can make bodies strong. For example, walking, hiking and jogging are good for us. We’d better 3. ________ no less than one hour a day.#1.1.2 exercise exercise, look, talk, drink, feel, sleep, enjoy, keep 47 4. _________ well is another key. If you don’t want 5. _______ sleepy in the daytime, then you need to go to bed early and get up early. Sleeping well helps to focus better. Students are supposed to sleep at least for nine hours every night.#1.1.3 Sleeping to feel exercise, look, talk, drink, feel, sleep, enjoy, keep 48 Being positive （积极的） matters. When you are stressed and nervous, why don’t you 6. _____ with your friends or someone you trust? Positive mind is just as important as a fit body.#1.1.4 talk exercise, look, talk, drink, feel, sleep, enjoy, keep 49 In a word, healthy habits help everyone 7. ______ life. Managing weight isn’t just about 8. ________ good, it is about feeling great inside and out.#1.2 enjoy looking exercise, look, talk, drink, feel, sleep, enjoy, keep 50 51 $