内容正文:
甘肃
英 语
课堂精讲册
1
第二部分 语法知识精讲练
一、词法
专题二 动词
考点5 情态动词
2
课标语法导图
3
甘肃中考解读
考卷 考查题型 考情
省卷 语法与情景对话,完形填空,任务型
完形填空,词汇考查,同义替换 6年9考
兰州卷 任务型完形填空 6年2考
4
考点讲解
5
(一)情态动词的基本用法
1.can与could(省卷:6年6考; 兰州卷:2020.68)
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
can 表示能力, 意为“能,会”,可与be
able to互换 Jim can sing songs.
表示请求、许可, 意为“可以” Can I play basketball
now?
6
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
could can的过去式, 意为“能, 会”,
表示过去的能力 Lily could swim at the
age of 5.
在疑问句中表示委婉地请求。回
答以could开头的一般疑问句时用
can/can’t,不能用could/couldn’t —Could you help me
carry this box?
—Yes, I can.
续表
7
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
表示委婉、客气地提出建议 We could write a
letter to the
headmaster.
续表
8
2.must与have to
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
must 表示主观看法, 意为
“必须, 一定” You must finish the report
today.
have to 意为“不得不, 必
须”, 多表示客观必要 I have to get up early
tomorrow.
9
3.may与might
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
may 表示请求、许可, 意为
“可以” May I speak to Amy?
might may的过去式,表示请
求、许可, 语气比 may
更委婉 Might I ask you a
question?
10
4.will, would与shall
情态动
词 含义及用法 例句
will 表示意愿或请求,常用于第二
人称的疑问句中 Will you please pass
the book to me?
would will的过去式,表示建议或个
人意愿, 表示建议时, 语气
较委婉 Would you please help
me with my maths?
11
情态动
词 含义及用法 例句
shall 用在疑问句中,与第一人称连
用,表示提出或征求对方的
意见 Shall we go to the
zoo?
续表
12
5.should(2021省卷), need与had better
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
should 意为“应该;应当;可以”,用
于肯定句或否定句中时,表示
要求、命令、劝告或建议,强
调责任和义务;用于疑问句中
时,表示征询意见 You should come here
early.
Should I come here
early?
13
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
need 作情态动词时,意为“需要”,
常用于否定句或疑问句中 You needn’t come here
early.
had
better 意为“最好”,没有人称和数的
变化,常缩写为’d better You’d better come here
early.
续表
14
15
①辨析must与have to
肯定形式:
16
否定形式:
mustn’t意为“禁止,不允许”,
do/does/did not have to意为“不必”,相当于needn’t。如:
You mustn’t take this book to the classroom.
你不能把这本书带到教室。
You don’t have to/needn’t take this book to the
classroom.你不需要把这本书带到教室。
17
②由must引导的一般疑问句的回答:
肯定回答:must
否定回答:needn’t/don’thave to
—Must I go to that party?
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/don’t have to.
18
由may或might引导的一般疑问句的回答:
肯定回答:may/can
否定回答:can’t/mustn’t
—May/Might I read this book?
—Yes, you may/can./No, you can’t/mustn’t.
19
由need引导的一般疑问句的答句:
肯定回答:must
否定回答:needn’t
—Need I do the work at once?
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.
20
(二)情态动词表推测的用法
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
must
(省卷:6年
2考) “一定;必定”,表示很
大的可能性,基于证据
的肯定推测,只用于肯
定句中(可能性在90%
以上) It must be raining
outside. My father’s
clothes are so wet.
21
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
may
(兰州卷:
2022.35) “也许;可能”,不确定
但是有一定的证据
(可能性在50%~70%之
间) She may come to the
party tonight—she said
she was free.
could/might 可能性较低,更委婉及
不确定(可能性在
30%~50%之间) This could/might be
the right address, but
I’m not sure.
续表
22
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
can’t “不大可能”,表示基于
证据的否定推测
(可能性几乎为0%) He can’t be having a
meeting. I saw him
just now.
may not “可能不”,表示把握不
大的否定推测 Mandy may not come
tonight.
续表
23
考点测验
24
甘肃6年真题溯源
语法与情景对话
1.(2025省卷) ___ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying
to work.
A
A. Could B. Must C. Might D. Should
25
2.(2024省卷)—You ___ be very tired after finishing all of
those hard jobs.
—Yes. I’ll take a deep rest and make myself comfortable.
C
A. may B. may not C. must D. can’t
3.(2023省卷)—I ___ find my keys.
—Have you checked in your jacket pockets?
C
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
26
4.(2021省卷)We ___ try our best to fight against pollution.
A
A. should B. may C. mustn’t D. needn’t
5.(2020省卷)You haven’t eaten all day. You ___ be very
hungry.
D
A. couldn’t be B. can’t
C. might D. must
27
拓展提升
Ⅰ.语法与情景对话
1.(2025庆阳二模)—Must I clean the classroom now?
—No, you ___. You can do it after class.
D
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
2.(2025陇南康县一模)—Is the woman in a red dress Mary?
—It ___ be her. Mary has gone to New York for a business
trip.
B
A. must B. can’t C. might D. should
28
Ⅱ.任务型完形填空微语篇练习
should, may, shouldn’t, can, can’t, must
My daily life is busy but happy. In the morning, I wake
up early to catch the school bus. My mom always says, “You 1.
_______ make your bed before leaving!”#1.1
should
29
At school, we have to wear uniforms. During P.E. class,
we 2. _____ play basketball or run. My friend Lucy 3. ______
play soccer well, but she can swim like a fish! Oh, there is a
math book on my desk. It 4. ______ be Lucy’s, because her
name is on it. After school, I must finish homework first. My
dad says, “You 5. __________ play games before studying.”#1.2
can
can’t
must
shouldn’t
should, may, shouldn’t, can, can’t, must
30
Last week, I forgot my textbook. I asked my teacher,
“Sorry, Miss Li. 6. ______ I bring it tomorrow?” My teacher said, “Of course.” I couldn’t sleep well that night! But now I know: I should keep my things in order and stay organized(有条理的)every day!#1.3
May
should, may, shouldn’t, can, can’t, must
31
1.(2025定西一模)—Could I have your signature on my book,
Mr. Brown?
—Of course you ___. It’s my pleasure.
B
A. must B. can C. should D. need
32
2.(2025白银三模)—Could I take photos in this museum, Mrs.
Smith?
—Sorry, you ___. It’s not allowed there.
A
A. can’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. won’t
33
3.(2025张掖一中二模)—Must I finish the work today?
—No, you ________. But you ________ finish it before next
Monday.( )
D
A. mustn’t; must B. can’t; need
C. mustn’t; could D. needn’t; must
34
35
$