Unit 1 Learning About Language（导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语人教版选择性必修第三册

人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 1 Art Learning About Language（导学案） 1.掌握Unit 1 Using Language部分的重点单词； √单词：investment、memorial、permanent、criticise 2.熟练掌握动词不定式作表语的语法结构与表意功能，并能准确区分其与动名词作表语及一般将来时的不同。 3.能够在真实的交际语境中（如谈论人生梦想、计划、目的、提建议时），准确运用“动词不定式作表语”的句型进行口头和书面表达。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1.____________ n. 美术（尤指绘画和雕塑） 2.____________ n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术 3.____________ n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 4.____________ adj. 视觉的；视力的 5.____________ n. 睡莲 6.____________ n. 池塘；水池 7.____________ adj. 拱形的；弓形的 8.____________ vt. & vi. 呈弧形横跨；（使）成弓形；n. 拱；拱形结构；拱门 9.____________ n. 投资额；投资；（时间、精力的）投入 10.____________ n. 新娘 11.____________ adj. 永久的；永恒的；长久的 12.____________ n. 纪念碑（或像等）；纪念物；纪念品；adj. 纪念的；悼念的 13.____________ adj. 谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的 14.____________ vi. & vt. 批评；指责；评价 15.____________ n. 批评；指责；评论 二、词块记忆 1.____________ 即时印象 2.____________ 对…… 着迷，对…… 极感兴趣 3.____________ 对…… 印象深刻 4.____________ 视觉盛宴 5.____________ 以…… 为基础 6.____________ 与某人交换某物 7.____________ 高回报率 8.____________ 对…… 投资 9.____________ 面临，面对 10.____________ 不去打扰某人；让某人独自待着 11.____________ 因（做）某事批评某人 12.____________ 激励某人做某事 【知识梳理1】 investment n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入 【词性转换】 invest v.投资;授予,给予(权力等)→investor n.投资者;投资机构 【常用搭配】 make an investment in 对······投资 overseas investment 海外投资 investment fund 投资基金 invest in sth./ doing sth.在······上投资;在······上投入(时间、精力等) 【即学即练】 1.There is always room for smart innovation and new concepts, an ( it is wonderful to see all kinds of ( invest) in fusior science. 2.Liu Lan invested a lot of time and effort trying to improving her listening comprehension. 3.The Queen invested the brave soldier the Military Cross. 4.The money ( invest) in the oil company has brought in many profits. 【知识梳理2】 memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.纪念的;悼念的 【词性转换】 memory n.记忆,记忆力 memorise vt.记忆,记住 【常用搭配】 a war memorial 阵亡将士纪念碑 as a memorial of 作为⋯⋯的纪念 in memory of 纪念;追念;怀念 have a good/ bad memory( for)(对······)记忆力好/差 arouse one's memories 唤起某人的记忆 【即学即练】 1.A huge (memory) was set up in memory of those who died for our motherland. 2.I have some difficulty (memorise) all the words within a short time. 3.A concert will be held memory of the world- famou: musician, who made great con tributions to classical music. 【知识梳理3】 permanent adj.永久的;永恒的;长久的 【词性转换】 permanently adv.永久地;永恒地 【常用搭配】 a permanent job/ worker/ address 固定工作/职工/地址 permanent collections 永久的藏品 do permanent damage 造成永久性损伤 【即学即练】 1.The company began in 2017 and the sports area will open ( permanent ) this spring. 2.The Chang'e 5 mission means China has laid a solid foundation for the country's future plans for (一个永久的太空站) and manned missions to the moon and even Mars. 【知识梳理4】 criticise vi. & vt.批评;指责;评价 【词性转换】 criticism n. 批评;指责;评论 critic n. 评论家 critical adj. 严重的;关键的;批判性的 【常用搭配】 criticise sb. for ( doing) sth.因(做)某事批评某人 criticise sb. / sth. as sth.批评某人/某事物为…… a music/ theatre/ literary critic 音乐/戏剧/文学评论家 critical thinking 批判性思维 【即学即练】 1.I believe that if I ( criticise ) him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly. 2.His mother is criticising him his lying to the teacher. 3.She continued to dance at the age of seventy. Once again, she was met with (criticise) from people who came to watch her shows. 4.In his opinion, higher education should teach students how to think (critical), understand the subjects they are studying more deeply and how they are connected to other subjects. 【知识梳理5】动词不定式作表语 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。 一、基本用法 1．表示目的。 The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required. 下一步是确保你确切知道需要什么。 The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children. 教育的目的是发展儿童美好的品格。 2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。 That experience was to change his whole life. 那次经历会改变他的整个生活。 You must speak out，if we are to remain friends. 如果我们要继续做朋友，你必须直言不讳。 You are to die at ninety­eight. 你会在98岁时去世。 3．用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见。 What am I to say if they ask me the question? 要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？ What am I to do if I have no money? 如果没有钱，我该怎么办呢？ 4．用于被动语态，相当于can/could，should，ought to，must，具有情态意义。 You are to be rewarded.你应该受到奖励。(should) It’s nowhere to be found.哪儿也找不到它。(can’t be) These books are not to be sold.这些书不应该卖掉。(ought not to be) 5．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。 They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚。(安排) Children are not to smoke.儿童不准吸烟。(禁止) You must be patient if you are to succeed. 想要成功，就必须有耐心。(愿望) 6．不定式作表语，可用主动形式表示被动意义。 She is to blame.她应该受到责备。 A great deal is yet to do.还有许多事要做。 Something is still to find out.有些东西还有待查明。 二、动词不定式和动名词作表语的区别 动词不定式和动名词都可以作表语。但用法有区别：表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词；表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式。 Mary’s task is to set the table. 玛丽的任务是要去摆桌子。 His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是照看羊。 三、动词不定式作表语和将来时的区别 “不定式作表语”和表将来的“ be+不定式”结构，是两个不同的概念。我们用最简单的方法区分，请看这两个句子： Her job is to look after the children. 她的工作是照料这些孩子。 (系表结构，不定式作表语) She is to look after the children. 她将要照料这些孩子。 (表将来，含有义务等情态意义) 这两句话只是主语不同，其他部分看起来完全一样，意思却大不相同，这是为什么? Her job is to look after the children. 表示“她的工作是照料孩子”,本句中, is是系动词, to look after children 是不定式作表语。主语和表语通常可以直接互换而意思保持不变: To look after the children is her job.(照料这些孩子是她的工作)。 She is to look after the children. 表示“她将要照料孩子”,本句中, is是助动词,跟不定式 to look after一起,表示将来。因为不是主系表关系，所以 is前后两部分不能颠倒,不可以说“ To look after the children is she.”。 1、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The government must encourage (invest) in education, which is vitally important for the country’s future. 2.Explore the monuments and (memory) on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. 3.There are no (permanence) displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. 4.His policies invited widespread (criticise). 5. His early ambition was ( become)a realist painter. 6. His goal is ( set) him apart from other painters in realistic painting. 7. What I want to do is ( give ) a precise definition of the infinitive. 8. A primitive way of making a fire is ( rub) two stones together. 9. His main interest is ( paint) , contemporary painting in particular. 10. What I am fond of is not ( go) fishing. 2、 完成句子 1．The young man should be praised by the boss. The young man is . 2．What shall I do if she asks me for some advice? What if she asks me for some advice? 3．As a matter of fact，the driver should be blamed for it. As a matter of fact，the driver is . 4．They will hold a party when they arrive at the island. They when they arrive at the island. 5．They are supposed to arrive before noon. They are before noon. 三、语法填空 My aim in life is 1. (protect) the environment for future generations.I want to become 2. environmental consultant after graduation.Many people think that pollution cannot 3. (stop) if we want the country to develop.But that is not true.We can cut back on 4. (danger) and dirty waste from factories. Although a factory produces a large quantity of goods，it does not mean that it has to pump a lot of pollution into the environment.I also want to teach people to buy products 5. have been recycled.This is much 6. (good) for the environment，because it means we do not need to cut down many trees.Companies and businesses can still operate, 7. the Earth will not have to suffer. There is no 8. (deny) that we also have a problem with population.The number of people in the world keeps growing，and we 9. (produce) more rubbish and using up more raw materials.What if they run out? I am confident that if we are all willing 10. (work) together，we can overcome these challenges and keep the Earth clean and healthy. 1、 阅读理解 A Chinese painting with a long history has its unique and independent system. Using brushes, ink, and Chinese pigments (颜料), Chinese painting is drawn on a special kind of paper (Xuan paper) or silk. The traditional subjects are figures, landscapes, flowers and birds. In comparison with Western painting, Chinese painting has its own artistic characteristics. After a careful study of the object, a painter can discover the rules of its structure and frame, and then produce it by the mind’s eye. Not only is it a simple copy, but it combines the object with the artistic concept of the painter, turning a natural image into an “artistic image”. The image can convey the artist’s feelings and personality to achieve the effect of “being alike not only in spirit, but also in appearance”. Not all objects are to be drawn on the paper, and much space is left for imagination. The use of lines is important in Chinese painting. Clear, swift, sharp and changeable lines are combined with the push, point and press of the brush and ink to show the quality of the object and variations of the tone(色调). Ancient Chinese artists listed 18 different ways of drawing lines with the brush in figure painting. Different ways of creating lines were used when painting a landscape, flowers and birds, clouds and bamboos. Traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy are different branches of art dating from the same origin. They use the same kind of tools and all the lines used in painting are variations of the points and lines of calligraphy. Though they are different artistic forms, they are closely linked in terms of their expression of thoughts and feelings. They influence each other to create another artistic feature. 1．The writer believes that a traditional Chinese painter’s picture ________ . A．reflects social problems of his times B．mainly describes a natural image C．expresses his thoughts D．tells a true story 2．It can be inferred that a traditional Chinese painter spent much time ________. A．traveling B．learning to draw lines C．reading D．studying calligraphy before drawing 3．What do traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy have in common? A．Using similar techniques. B．Starting from the same period. C．Belonging to the same artistic form. D．Covering the same themes. B Still dressed in their sleepwear, Dian Turner’s kids couldn‘’t wait to get outside. But they didn’t go far — they stopped at the footpath outside their Melbourne home, armed with a box of chalks. Max, seven, and Lenny, four, have been away from their friends since coronavirus physical-distancing rules came into force and the Victorian school holidays were brought forwards a week. They’re just two of the many children who have been spending their shutdown time drawing rainbows (彩虹) and encouraging messages like “We’re all in this together” across Australia. “It was something for the kids to make them feel connected to other people, because obviously they’re feeling a little bit uncertain about staying at home and what this means, and not being able to go to the playground and the park,” Ms Turner said. Ms Turner first saw the idea when she was added to a Facebook group called the Rainbow Trail, which documents children and their parents drawing rainbows for others to spot. Ms Turner, a lawyer who has been spending much of her time working from home amid the shutdown measures, said it was “something positive to talk about” with the family. “You’re not breaking any of the social-distancing rules but it’s something that you can do and you can be happy and show that there’s a connection.” University of Melbourne public health researcher Lisa Gibbs said it was important to provide children with age-appropriate ways to make them feel active and capable during the pandemic. “It’s easy in times of danger, which essentially this is, to be so concerned with protecting children, which obviously is of great importance,” Professor Gibbs said. “But in protecting children we can sometimes treat them as vulnerable (脆弱的), which makes them feel useless. So these sorts of activities are really helpful in providing a sense of agency in children that they can make a contribution to others.” Professor Gibbs said in times of disaster, two patterns were very common — community mobilization, where people banded together, and community deterioration (恶化), where social supports fell apart. “So what these activities from children are doing is really contributing to social mobilization,” she said. “And people respond really positively to children’s messages, because they spread joy.” 1．What did Max and Lenny do during the shutdown time? A．They held a party. B．They drew rainbows in pencil. C．They gave their neighbors a lift with art. D．They played some sports games on the footpath. 2．What did Ms Turner say about the idea of Rainbow Trail? A．It is beneficial. B．It is time-wasting. C．It should be further developed. D．It may break social-distancing rules. 3．How may children feel when being protected according to Gibbs? A．They are safe. B．They are careless. C．They are helpless. D．They are valuable. 4．What does Gibbs think of children’s messages? A．They help to build social connection. B．They are hard to understand. C．They will cause pollution. D．They lack creativity. 七选五 Artists have been painting with oil paints for hundreds of years and oil paints continue to be popular worldwide due to their versatility (用途广泛), quality and color. Here are some general tips that may be useful to you if you are just starting out with oil paints. Start with small paintings Painting small gives you the chance to try out techniques and experiment with color without investing too much time or material into the process. You can buy some small canvases (画布) or canvas boards. 1 Invest in brushes Buy professional grade paints if you can afford them rather than student grade. 2 You can buy more and experiment with them as you paint more. You can use synthetic brushes made for acrylic paints for oil, but there is also a range of natural hair brushes that can be used with oil. Use a limited painting palette (调色板) 3 Start with a monochrome (单色的) painting. You can use any color you like depending on whether you want a cool or warm painting. This will allow you to get a feel for the paint. Understand paint order Paint thick over thin, fat over lean, and slow-drying over fast-drying. That means using thinner paint and less oil in the first layers (层), saving thicker paint and higher oil content for later layers. 4 And this will help keep your painting from cracking. Keep it tidy Oil paints and mediums are poisonous if absorbed into the skin. 5 Deal with paints, mediums, rags, paper towels, and disposable paper palettes properly. You should wet rags and paper in water before throwing them away since they can burn easily. A．You can even try painting with oils on paper. B．This will help ensure that earlier layers dry first. C．Your work will improve rapidly if you paint a lot. D．And buy a few higher quality brushes to start with too. E．This will give you the chance to see and think about your work. F．Put them away and keep them out of reach of pets and small children. G．Don't feel that you have to use all the colors in your painting at once. 2、 思维提升-观点分享 学校正在筹备建设一个“校园文化长廊（Campus Culture Corridor）”。请你和同桌结为搭档，假设你们是该项目的策划者，围绕你们的“项目计划、目的以及如何面对不同声音”进行讨论。 【讨论要点】 1.这个项目的最大目的是什么？（谈论目的） 2.你们接下来的具体计划是什么？（谈论计划） 3.如果有人批评这个项目浪费金钱和时间，你会怎么回应？（提建议/表态） 3、 思维提升-书面表达 校英文报的“梦想与计划”专栏正在征集文章。请结合所学词汇和语法，写一段话分享你的一个“梦想计划”（可以是一个艺术项目、一次旅行计划或一个公益行动）。 请同学们根据自己的实际情况，选择A层或B层完成。 ▶ A层作业（基础篇）：语境应用与微写作 任务要求：请根据括号内的中文提示或句型要求，使用本课学过的目标词汇和短语，将这篇短文补充完整。 Everyone has a dream. 1. ________________________ (我人生最大的抱负是建一座纪念馆) for the local heroes. 2. ________________________ (这个项目的目的是创造一个永久的) space for people to remember them. Of course, it takes a lot of money, and some people might 3. ________________________ (批评这项巨大的投资). However, I won't give up. 4. ________________________ (我接下来的计划是筹集资金) by selling my paintings. 5. ________________________ (我对所有人的建议是相信) the power of dreams! ▶ B层作业（提升篇）：情景交际与综合表达 写作任务：请独立撰写一篇 80-100 词的英文短文，介绍你的一个“梦想计划”。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 1 Art Learning About Language（导学案） 1.掌握Unit 1 Using Language部分的重点单词； √单词：investment、memorial、permanent、criticise 2.熟练掌握动词不定式作表语的语法结构与表意功能，并能准确区分其与动名词作表语及一般将来时的不同。 3.能够在真实的交际语境中（如谈论人生梦想、计划、目的、提建议时），准确运用“动词不定式作表语”的句型进行口头和书面表达。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1.____________ n. 美术（尤指绘画和雕塑） 2.____________ n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术 3.____________ n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 4.____________ adj. 视觉的；视力的 5.____________ n. 睡莲 6.____________ n. 池塘；水池 7.____________ adj. 拱形的；弓形的 8.____________ vt. & vi. 呈弧形横跨；（使）成弓形；n. 拱；拱形结构；拱门 9.____________ n. 投资额；投资；（时间、精力的）投入 10.____________ n. 新娘 11.____________ adj. 永久的；永恒的；长久的 12.____________ n. 纪念碑（或像等）；纪念物；纪念品；adj. 纪念的；悼念的 13.____________ adj. 谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的 14.____________ vi. & vt. 批评；指责；评价 15.____________ n. 批评；指责；评论 【答案】 1.fine art (also fine arts) 2.sculpture 3.sculptor 4.visual 5.water lily 6.pond 7.arched 8.arch 9.investment 10.bride 11.permanent 12.memorial 13.humble 14.criticise (NAmE -ize) 15.criticism 二、词块记忆 1.____________ 即时印象 2.____________ 对…… 着迷，对…… 极感兴趣 3.____________ 对…… 印象深刻 4.____________ 视觉盛宴 5.____________ 以…… 为基础 6.____________ 与某人交换某物 7.____________ 高回报率 8.____________ 对…… 投资 9.____________ 面临，面对 10.____________ 不去打扰某人；让某人独自待着 11.____________ 因（做）某事批评某人 12.____________ 激励某人做某事 【答案】 1.instant impression 2.be fascinated by 3.be impressed by 4.visual feast 5.(be) based on 6.exchange sth. with sb.7.a high rate of return 8.make an investment in 9.be faced with 10.leave sb. Alone 11.criticise sb. for (doing) sth. 12.inspire sb. to do sth. 【知识梳理1】 investment n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入 【词性转换】 invest v.投资;授予,给予(权力等)→investor n.投资者;投资机构 【常用搭配】 make an investment in 对······投资 overseas investment 海外投资 investment fund 投资基金 invest in sth./ doing sth.在······上投资;在······上投入(时间、精力等) 【即学即练】 1.There is always room for smart innovation and new concepts, an ( it is wonderful to see all kinds of ( invest) in fusior science. 2.Liu Lan invested a lot of time and effort trying to improving her listening comprehension. 3.The Queen invested the brave soldier the Military Cross. 4.The money ( invest) in the oil company has brought in many profits. 【答案】1.investments 2.in 3.with 4.invested 【知识梳理2】 memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.纪念的;悼念的 【词性转换】 memory n.记忆,记忆力 memorise vt.记忆,记住 【常用搭配】 a war memorial 阵亡将士纪念碑 as a memorial of 作为⋯⋯的纪念 in memory of 纪念;追念;怀念 have a good/ bad memory( for)(对······)记忆力好/差 arouse one's memories 唤起某人的记忆 【即学即练】 1.A huge (memory) was set up in memory of those who died for our motherland. 2.I have some difficulty (memorise) all the words within a short time. 3.A concert will be held memory of the world- famou: musician, who made great con tributions to classical music. 【答案】1.memorial 2.memorising 3.in 【知识梳理3】 permanent adj.永久的;永恒的;长久的 【词性转换】 permanently adv.永久地;永恒地 【常用搭配】 a permanent job/ worker/ address 固定工作/职工/地址 permanent collections 永久的藏品 do permanent damage 造成永久性损伤 【即学即练】 1.The company began in 2017 and the sports area will open ( permanent ) this spring. 2.The Chang'e 5 mission means China has laid a solid foundation for the country's future plans for (一个永久的太空站) and manned missions to the moon and even Mars. 【答案】1.permanently 2.a permanent space station 【知识梳理4】 criticise vi. & vt.批评;指责;评价 【词性转换】 criticism n. 批评;指责;评论 critic n. 评论家 critical adj. 严重的;关键的;批判性的 【常用搭配】 criticise sb. for ( doing) sth.因(做)某事批评某人 criticise sb. / sth. as sth.批评某人/某事物为…… a music/ theatre/ literary critic 音乐/戏剧/文学评论家 critical thinking 批判性思维 【即学即练】 1.I believe that if I ( criticise ) him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly. 2.His mother is criticising him his lying to the teacher. 3.She continued to dance at the age of seventy. Once again, she was met with (criticise) from people who came to watch her shows. 4.In his opinion, higher education should teach students how to think (critical), understand the subjects they are studying more deeply and how they are connected to other subjects. 【答案】1.had criticised 2.for 3.criticism 4.critically 【知识梳理5】动词不定式作表语 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。 一、基本用法 1．表示目的。 The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required. 下一步是确保你确切知道需要什么。 The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children. 教育的目的是发展儿童美好的品格。 2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。 That experience was to change his whole life. 那次经历会改变他的整个生活。 You must speak out，if we are to remain friends. 如果我们要继续做朋友，你必须直言不讳。 You are to die at ninety­eight. 你会在98岁时去世。 3．用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见。 What am I to say if they ask me the question? 要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？ What am I to do if I have no money? 如果没有钱，我该怎么办呢？ 4．用于被动语态，相当于can/could，should，ought to，must，具有情态意义。 You are to be rewarded.你应该受到奖励。(should) It’s nowhere to be found.哪儿也找不到它。(can’t be) These books are not to be sold.这些书不应该卖掉。(ought not to be) 5．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。 They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚。(安排) Children are not to smoke.儿童不准吸烟。(禁止) You must be patient if you are to succeed. 想要成功，就必须有耐心。(愿望) 6．不定式作表语，可用主动形式表示被动意义。 She is to blame.她应该受到责备。 A great deal is yet to do.还有许多事要做。 Something is still to find out.有些东西还有待查明。 二、动词不定式和动名词作表语的区别 动词不定式和动名词都可以作表语。但用法有区别：表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词；表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式。 Mary’s task is to set the table. 玛丽的任务是要去摆桌子。 His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是照看羊。 三、动词不定式作表语和将来时的区别 “不定式作表语”和表将来的“ be+不定式”结构，是两个不同的概念。我们用最简单的方法区分，请看这两个句子： Her job is to look after the children. 她的工作是照料这些孩子。 (系表结构，不定式作表语) She is to look after the children. 她将要照料这些孩子。 (表将来，含有义务等情态意义) 这两句话只是主语不同，其他部分看起来完全一样，意思却大不相同，这是为什么? Her job is to look after the children. 表示“她的工作是照料孩子”,本句中, is是系动词, to look after children 是不定式作表语。主语和表语通常可以直接互换而意思保持不变: To look after the children is her job.(照料这些孩子是她的工作)。 She is to look after the children. 表示“她将要照料孩子”,本句中, is是助动词,跟不定式 to look after一起,表示将来。因为不是主系表关系，所以 is前后两部分不能颠倒,不可以说“ To look after the children is she.”。 1、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The government must encourage (invest) in education, which is vitally important for the country’s future. 2.Explore the monuments and (memory) on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. 3.There are no (permanence) displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. 4.His policies invited widespread (criticise). 5. His early ambition was ( become)a realist painter. 6. His goal is ( set) him apart from other painters in realistic painting. 7. What I want to do is ( give ) a precise definition of the infinitive. 8. A primitive way of making a fire is ( rub) two stones together. 9. His main interest is ( paint) , contemporary painting in particular. 10. What I am fond of is not ( go) fishing. 【答案】1.．investment 2．memorials 3．permanent 4．Criticism 5.to become 6. to set 7.( to) give 8. to rub 9. painting 10. going 2、 完成句子 1．The young man should be praised by the boss. The young man is . 2．What shall I do if she asks me for some advice? What if she asks me for some advice? 3．As a matter of fact，the driver should be blamed for it. As a matter of fact，the driver is . 4．They will hold a party when they arrive at the island. They when they arrive at the island. 5．They are supposed to arrive before noon. They are before noon. 【答案】 1．to be praised by the boss 2．am I to do 3．to blame for it 4．are to hold a party5．to arrive 三、语法填空 My aim in life is 1. (protect) the environment for future generations.I want to become 2. environmental consultant after graduation.Many people think that pollution cannot 3. (stop) if we want the country to develop.But that is not true.We can cut back on 4. (danger) and dirty waste from factories. Although a factory produces a large quantity of goods，it does not mean that it has to pump a lot of pollution into the environment.I also want to teach people to buy products 5. have been recycled.This is much 6. (good) for the environment，because it means we do not need to cut down many trees.Companies and businesses can still operate, 7. the Earth will not have to suffer. There is no 8. (deny) that we also have a problem with population.The number of people in the world keeps growing，and we 9. (produce) more rubbish and using up more raw materials.What if they run out? I am confident that if we are all willing 10. (work) together，we can overcome these challenges and keep the Earth clean and healthy. 【答案】1.to protect 2.an 3.be stopped 4.dangerous 5.that/which 6.better 7.but 8.denying 9.are producing 10.to work 1、 阅读理解 A Chinese painting with a long history has its unique and independent system. Using brushes, ink, and Chinese pigments (颜料), Chinese painting is drawn on a special kind of paper (Xuan paper) or silk. The traditional subjects are figures, landscapes, flowers and birds. In comparison with Western painting, Chinese painting has its own artistic characteristics. After a careful study of the object, a painter can discover the rules of its structure and frame, and then produce it by the mind’s eye. Not only is it a simple copy, but it combines the object with the artistic concept of the painter, turning a natural image into an “artistic image”. The image can convey the artist’s feelings and personality to achieve the effect of “being alike not only in spirit, but also in appearance”. Not all objects are to be drawn on the paper, and much space is left for imagination. The use of lines is important in Chinese painting. Clear, swift, sharp and changeable lines are combined with the push, point and press of the brush and ink to show the quality of the object and variations of the tone(色调). Ancient Chinese artists listed 18 different ways of drawing lines with the brush in figure painting. Different ways of creating lines were used when painting a landscape, flowers and birds, clouds and bamboos. Traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy are different branches of art dating from the same origin. They use the same kind of tools and all the lines used in painting are variations of the points and lines of calligraphy. Though they are different artistic forms, they are closely linked in terms of their expression of thoughts and feelings. They influence each other to create another artistic feature. 1．The writer believes that a traditional Chinese painter’s picture ________ . A．reflects social problems of his times B．mainly describes a natural image C．expresses his thoughts D．tells a true story 2．It can be inferred that a traditional Chinese painter spent much time ________. A．traveling B．learning to draw lines C．reading D．studying calligraphy before drawing 3．What do traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy have in common? A．Using similar techniques. B．Starting from the same period. C．Belonging to the same artistic form. D．Covering the same themes. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国画。中国画又称传统国画，是历史悠久的传统绘画之一，有其独特而独立的体系。中国传统绘画和书法是不同的艺术分支，它们有着相同的起源。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The image can convey the artist’s feelings and personality to achieve the effect of “being alike not only in spirit, but also in appearance”.(形象可以传达艺术家的情感和个性，达到“不仅在精神上，而且在外观上”的效果)”可推知，作者认为一个中国传统画家的画表达了他的思想。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ancient Chinese artists listed 18 different ways of drawing lines with the brush in figure painting. Different ways of creating lines were used when painting a landscape, flowers and birds, clouds and bamboos.(中国古代艺术家在人物画中列出了18种不同的用笔画线的方法。在画风景、花鸟、云竹时，使用了不同的线条方式)”可推知，一位传统的中国画家要花很多时间学习画线条。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy are different branches of art dating from the same origin. They use the same kind of tools and all the lines used in painting are variations of the points and lines of calligraphy.(中国传统绘画和书法是不同的艺术分支，它们有着相同的起源。它们使用同样的工具，绘画中使用的所有线条都是书法的点和线的变体)”可推知，书法和绘画使用类似的技巧。故选A。 B Still dressed in their sleepwear, Dian Turner’s kids couldn‘’t wait to get outside. But they didn’t go far — they stopped at the footpath outside their Melbourne home, armed with a box of chalks. Max, seven, and Lenny, four, have been away from their friends since coronavirus physical-distancing rules came into force and the Victorian school holidays were brought forwards a week. They’re just two of the many children who have been spending their shutdown time drawing rainbows (彩虹) and encouraging messages like “We’re all in this together” across Australia. “It was something for the kids to make them feel connected to other people, because obviously they’re feeling a little bit uncertain about staying at home and what this means, and not being able to go to the playground and the park,” Ms Turner said. Ms Turner first saw the idea when she was added to a Facebook group called the Rainbow Trail, which documents children and their parents drawing rainbows for others to spot. Ms Turner, a lawyer who has been spending much of her time working from home amid the shutdown measures, said it was “something positive to talk about” with the family. “You’re not breaking any of the social-distancing rules but it’s something that you can do and you can be happy and show that there’s a connection.” University of Melbourne public health researcher Lisa Gibbs said it was important to provide children with age-appropriate ways to make them feel active and capable during the pandemic. “It’s easy in times of danger, which essentially this is, to be so concerned with protecting children, which obviously is of great importance,” Professor Gibbs said. “But in protecting children we can sometimes treat them as vulnerable (脆弱的), which makes them feel useless. So these sorts of activities are really helpful in providing a sense of agency in children that they can make a contribution to others.” Professor Gibbs said in times of disaster, two patterns were very common — community mobilization, where people banded together, and community deterioration (恶化), where social supports fell apart. “So what these activities from children are doing is really contributing to social mobilization,” she said. “And people respond really positively to children’s messages, because they spread joy.” 1．What did Max and Lenny do during the shutdown time? A．They held a party. B．They drew rainbows in pencil. C．They gave their neighbors a lift with art. D．They played some sports games on the footpath. 2．What did Ms Turner say about the idea of Rainbow Trail? A．It is beneficial. B．It is time-wasting. C．It should be further developed. D．It may break social-distancing rules. 3．How may children feel when being protected according to Gibbs? A．They are safe. B．They are careless. C．They are helpless. D．They are valuable. 4．What does Gibbs think of children’s messages? A．They help to build social connection. B．They are hard to understand. C．They will cause pollution. D．They lack creativity. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了澳大利亚的孩子们在封锁期间绘制粉笔画来鼓励社区的人们。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“They’re just two of the many children who have been spending their shutdown time drawing rainbows (彩虹) and encouraging messages like “We’re all in this together” across Australia. （在澳大利亚，有很多孩子把停课时间花在画彩虹和‘我们都在一起’这样的鼓励信息上，他们只是其中的两个）”可知，Max 和Lenny 在学校停课期间通过画彩虹和写鼓励的话来鼓励及其他人，即他们用艺术鼓舞邻居。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Ms Turner, a lawyer who has been spending much of her time working from home amid the shutdown measures, said it was “something positive to talk about” with the family. “You’re not breaking any of the social-distancing rules but it’s something that you can do and you can be happy and show that there’s a connection.”（特纳是一名律师，在政府关门措施期间，她大部分时间都在家里工作。她表示，这是与家人‘可以谈论的积极事情’。‘你没有违反任何社交距离规则，但这是你可以做的事情，你可以很开心，并可以展示人们是有联系的’）”推知，Turner认为在封锁期间Rainbow Trail对人们是有益的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“But in protecting children we can sometimes treat them as vulnerable (脆弱的), which makes them feel useless.（但在保护孩子的过程中，我们有时会把他们看成是脆弱的，这让他们觉得自己很没用）”可知，Gibbs认为当被保护时孩子可能感觉自己很没用。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Professor Gibbs said in times of disaster, two patterns were very common — community mobilization, where people banded together, and community deterioration (恶化), where social supports fell apart. “So what these activities from children are doing is really contributing to social mobilization,”（吉布斯教授说，在灾难发生时，两种模式非常常见；社区动员，人们团结在一起；社区恶化，社会支持分崩离析。她说:“孩子们的这些活动确实有助于社会动员。”）”可知，Gibbs认为孩子们的信息有助于建立社会联系。故选A。 七选五 Artists have been painting with oil paints for hundreds of years and oil paints continue to be popular worldwide due to their versatility (用途广泛), quality and color. Here are some general tips that may be useful to you if you are just starting out with oil paints. Start with small paintings Painting small gives you the chance to try out techniques and experiment with color without investing too much time or material into the process. You can buy some small canvases (画布) or canvas boards. 1 Invest in brushes Buy professional grade paints if you can afford them rather than student grade. 2 You can buy more and experiment with them as you paint more. You can use synthetic brushes made for acrylic paints for oil, but there is also a range of natural hair brushes that can be used with oil. Use a limited painting palette (调色板) 3 Start with a monochrome (单色的) painting. You can use any color you like depending on whether you want a cool or warm painting. This will allow you to get a feel for the paint. Understand paint order Paint thick over thin, fat over lean, and slow-drying over fast-drying. That means using thinner paint and less oil in the first layers (层), saving thicker paint and higher oil content for later layers. 4 And this will help keep your painting from cracking. Keep it tidy Oil paints and mediums are poisonous if absorbed into the skin. 5 Deal with paints, mediums, rags, paper towels, and disposable paper palettes properly. You should wet rags and paper in water before throwing them away since they can burn easily. A．You can even try painting with oils on paper. B．This will help ensure that earlier layers dry first. C．Your work will improve rapidly if you paint a lot. D．And buy a few higher quality brushes to start with too. E．This will give you the chance to see and think about your work. F．Put them away and keep them out of reach of pets and small children. G．Don't feel that you have to use all the colors in your painting at once. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是为油画初学者提供了几条建议。 1．上文“Painting small gives you the chance to try out techniques and experiment with color without investing too much time or material into the process. You can buy some small canvases (画布) or canvas boards. （小幅绘画让你有机会尝试各种技巧并尝试色彩，而无需在这个过程中投入太多时间或材料。你可以买一些小画布或帆布板。）”及本段标题是“ Start with small paintings（从小画开始）”所以结合语境，空处应该是如何节省时间或材料，A项“你甚至可以在纸上尝试油画”符合句意表达，与上文一致。故选A项。 2．上文“Buy professional grade paints if you can afford them rather than student grade.（如果你买得起专业级的颜料，而不是学生级的，那就买吧。）”及下文“ You can buy more and experiment with them as you paint more. You can use synthetic brushes made for acrylic paints for oil, but there is also a range of natural hair brushes that can be used with oil.（你可以买更多，在你画更多的时候用它们做实验。你可以使用丙烯酸涂料制成的合成毛刷来涂油，但也有一系列天然毛刷可以与油一起使用。）”及本段标题是“Invest in brushes（投资刷子）” 因此，空格处承上启下，也是在讲刷子，D项意思是“买几把质量更高的刷子。”符合语境。故选D项。 3．下文“ Start with a monochrome (单色的) painting. You can use any color you like depending on whether you want a cool or warm painting. （从单色画开始。你可以使用任何你喜欢的颜色，这取决于你想画冷色还是暖色。）”及本段标题是“Use a limited painting palette (调色板)（使用有限的绘画调色板）”所以本段讲的是颜色选择，G项意思是 “不要觉得你必须同时使用你画作中的所有颜色。”与下文一致，符合语境。故选G项。 4．上文“That means using thinner paint and less oil in the first layers (层), saving thicker paint and higher oil content for later layers. （这意味着在第一层使用更薄的颜料和更少的油，为后一层节省更厚的颜料和更高的油含量。 ）”及下文“ And this will help keep your painting from cracking.（这将有助于防止你的画破裂。）”及本段标题是“Understand paint order（了解绘画顺序）” 因此，空格处承上启下，该空及后一句讲的是前面做法的原因或好处，B项意思是“这将有助于确保较早的层先干燥。”与下文一致，也是在讲好处，符合语境。故选B项。 5．上文“Oil paints and mediums are poisonous if absorbed into the skin. （如果被皮肤吸收，颜料和介质是有毒的。 ）”及下文“Deal with paints, mediums, rags, paper towels, and disposable paper palettes properly. You should wet rags and paper in water before throwing them away since they can burn easily.（正确处理颜料、介质、抹布、纸巾和一次性纸质调色板。你应该在扔掉抹布和纸之前先把它们浸湿，因为它们很容易燃烧。）”及本段标题是“Keep it tidy（保持整洁）” 因此，空格处承上启下，根据上下句语义可知该空处应该讲的也是如何做，F项意思是“把它们放在宠物和小孩够不着的地方。”与下文一致，符合语境。故选F项。 2、 思维提升-观点分享 学校正在筹备建设一个“校园文化长廊（Campus Culture Corridor）”。请你和同桌结为搭档，假设你们是该项目的策划者，围绕你们的“项目计划、目的以及如何面对不同声音”进行讨论。 【讨论要点】 1.这个项目的最大目的是什么？（谈论目的） 2.你们接下来的具体计划是什么？（谈论计划） 3.如果有人批评这个项目浪费金钱和时间，你会怎么回应？（提建议/表态） 【答案】 A: What is your main purpose for this project? B: Our main purpose is to build a permanent memorial for the history of our school. A: That sounds great. What is your plan? B: The next step is to collect old photos from teachers. A: Some students might criticise this as a waste of time. What should we do? B: I think it is a worthy investment of our time. The best way to answer them is to show them the beautiful results! 3、 思维提升-书面表达 校英文报的“梦想与计划”专栏正在征集文章。请结合所学词汇和语法，写一段话分享你的一个“梦想计划”（可以是一个艺术项目、一次旅行计划或一个公益行动）。 请同学们根据自己的实际情况，选择A层或B层完成。 ▶ A层作业（基础篇）：语境应用与微写作 任务要求：请根据括号内的中文提示或句型要求，使用本课学过的目标词汇和短语，将这篇短文补充完整。 Everyone has a dream. 1. ________________________ (我人生最大的抱负是建一座纪念馆) for the local heroes. 2. ________________________ (这个项目的目的是创造一个永久的) space for people to remember them. Of course, it takes a lot of money, and some people might 3. ________________________ (批评这项巨大的投资). However, I won't give up. 4. ________________________ (我接下来的计划是筹集资金) by selling my paintings. 5. ________________________ (我对所有人的建议是相信) the power of dreams! ▶ B层作业（提升篇）：情景交际与综合表达 写作任务：请独立撰写一篇 80-100 词的英文短文，介绍你的一个“梦想计划”。 【答案】 A层 1.My biggest ambition/dream is to build a memorial 2.The purpose of this project is to create a permanent 3.criticise this huge investment 4.My next plan is to raise money 5.My suggestion to everyone is to believe in B层 Everyone has a dream. My biggest ambition in life is to design a permanent art center in our city. The main purpose is to provide a place for young artists to show their works. Also, I want it to be a memorial for the city's traditional culture. I know some people might criticise this idea because it requires a huge investment of time and money. However, my plan is to start small by holding online exhibitions first. The best way to succeed is to never give up on what you love. I believe art is worth the effort. . 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $