Unit 4 第2课时 Section A 2a—2d-【七彩课堂】2025-2026学年八年级英语下册同步课件（人教版）

Section A 2a—2d Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Objectives To know the depth of the deep sea. To learn about deep-sea animals. To know how and why people connect with the deep sea. 2 Lead-in Do you know the depth at which the deep sea begins? It begins at 200 metres. 深海是指水深超过200米的海洋区域，占地球表面积的近60%。国际标准将水深1000米及以上区域定义为典型深海区，具有高压（每下降10米增加1个大气压）、无光、低温（0-4℃）等极端理化环境。海底地形包含海盆（4000-5000米）、海岭（绵延8万千米）和海沟（最深达11033米）三种主要地貌。1977年在东太平洋发现的热液喷口生物群落，与南海“海马冷泉”支撑的管状蠕虫、深海贻贝等特有物种，共同证明了深海存在化能合成作用主导的独特生态系统。 The deep sea What Chinese submersibles do you know? I know Jiaolong. And Fendouzhe. ... What do you know about the deep sea? Copmlete the sentences with the information from the picture. 2a B D C A A class is asking a deep-sea researcher some questions after his talk. Listen and tick the topics they discuss. 2b where the deep sea begins why people are researching the deep sea which Chinese submersible dived deeper in the water than many others what deep-sea animals are like how everyone should protect the deep sea ✔ ✔ ✔ deep的比较级 形容词 / 副词比较级变化规则 high— higher low — lower deep —deeper 一般情况下，在词尾加-er large — larger fine — finer 以不发音字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r heavy — heavier easy — easier early — earlier 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为 i ,再加-er 形容词 / 副词最高级变化规则 big — bigger fat — fatter thin — thinner 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er beautiful — more beautiful interesting — more interesting delicious — more delicious 多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more 不规则变化 原级 比较级 good / well better bad / badly worse many / much more little less far farther further 比较级 (comparatives) 比较级的用法 比较级 (comparatives) 1. 表示在两者进行比较时用比较级，结构为 “A + be/行为动词 + 比较级 + than + B.”。 My paper plane flew farther than Jenny’s. 2. 表示“哪一个更……”时，用“Which/ Who is + 比较级, A or B?”句型。 Which is nearer to the sun, Mars or the earth? 比较级的用法 3. 表示“两者之间较……的一个”时，常用 “the + 比较级”结构。 He is the taller of the two. 4. 表示“越来越……”时，用“比较级 + and + 比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词用 “more and more + 原级”。 It’s becoming colder and colder. 比较级 (comparatives) 比较级的用法 5. 表示“越…… 就越……”时，用“the + 比较级, the + 比较级”结构。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 比较级 (comparatives) 2c Listen again. Complete the sentences with the facts from the conversation. 1. People still don’t know much about the __________. 2. In , China’s Fendouzhe dived into the deep sea and filmed it. 3. Some animals have unusual abilities. Some are but can “see”. Some can even create their own . 4. There is rubbish even at metres deep. deep sea 2020 blind light 11,000 奋斗者号，是中国自主研发的万米载人潜水器，于2016年立项，由蛟龙号、深海勇士号载人潜水器的研发力量为主的科研团队承担。2020年6月19日，中国万米载人潜水器正式命名为“奋斗者号”。 2020年10月27日，奋斗者号在马里亚纳海沟成功下潜突破1万米达到10058米，创造了中国载人深潜的新纪录。11月10日8时12分，奋斗者号在马里亚纳海沟成功坐底，坐底深度10909米，刷新中国载人深潜的新纪录。11月13日8时04分，“奋斗者”号载人潜水器在马里亚纳海沟再次成功下潜突破10000米。11月17日7时44分，“奋斗者”号再次下潜突破万米。11月19日，“奋斗者”号再次突破万米海深复核科考作业能力。11月28日，习近平致信祝贺“奋斗者”号全海深载人潜水器成功完成万米海试并胜利返航。2021年3月16日，“奋斗者”号全海深载人潜水器在三亚正式交付。7月18日，奋斗者号全海深载人潜水器的研制项目成功收官。10月，“奋斗者”号已在马里亚纳海沟正式投入常规科考应用。10月8日，“探索一号”科考船搭载“奋斗者”号载人潜水器抵达三亚锚地。2023年3月11日，“探索一号”科考船搭载着“奋斗者”号载人潜水器，返回三亚。 2024年3月28日，“探索一号”科考船搭载着“奋斗者”号全海深载人潜水器返回三亚。 2025年10月27日，执行北极载人深潜任务的科考队返回。12月2日，参加2025年中国国际海事会展。2025年，“深海勇士”号、“奋斗者”号载人潜水器便累计服务单位100余家、服务人员超2000人次。 拓展知识 Deep-sea animals 深海动物指栖息于大陆架外缘至200米以下深海水域或深海底域的动物，体色多呈灰色至黑色，偶有鲜红色物种。部分种类幼体会从表层海水进行垂直迁移，鱼类和甲壳类常具有眼睛退化或发光器官特征，某些种类呈现肌肉发育不全、体型巨大化等现象。深海动物中原始种类较少，多数来源于大陆架斜坡，存在如Amphicteis gunneri（多毛类）、Echinocardium australe（海胆类）等从潮下带分布到大洋底的广深性种类 。 2d Read the questions and think of more you would like to ask the deep-sea researcher. Research the answers. Then ask and answer the questions with a partner. What is the largest shark in the deep sea? What is the bottom of the deep sea like? Why is it important to research the deep sea? Ask and answer. What is the largest shark in the deep sea? It’s the whale shark. 鲸鲨是隶属于鲸鲨科鲸鲨属的唯一物种。别名豆腐鲨、大憨鲨、鲸鲛，它体表呈灰褐色或青褐色，具有许多黄色斑点和横纹。头平扁而宽，尾细小，每侧具2行纵行皮嵴。鲸鲨口裂宽大，圆形的眼睛较小，无瞬膜。具5个宽大的鳃孔和2个无硬棘的背鳍。胸鳍宽大，尾鳍分叉。其通常体长为10米左右，最大可达20米，体重大于5000千克，是世界上最大的鱼类。 What is the bottom of the deep sea like? There is extreme pressure, perpetual darkness, near-freezing temperatures and sparse life. 海底指海洋的深水下方与陆地的接触面，覆盖地球表面积的71%，其水体总量约13.5亿立方千米，占地球总水量的97%。包含太平洋、大西洋、印度洋和北冰洋四大洋系及多个附属海域。海底地形分为大陆边缘、大洋中脊与大洋盆地三部分，其中大陆架面积达2750万平方公里，提供全球80%的海洋水产品及大量油气资源。 Why is it important to research the deep sea? Because the deep sea is critically important to humanity for scientific, ecological, economic, and even philosophical reasons. 深海蕴藏三类主要资源 矿产资源：多金属结核（储量超陆地1000倍）、热液硫化物矿床 （含铜锌品位达陆矿10倍） 油气资源：南海预测石油储量超过沙特阿拉伯已探明储量 生物基因：耐压菌株（存活于120MPa压力环境）应用于工业酶 制剂生产 Language points why people are researching the deep sea 人们为什么研究深海 research n. 研究；调查 v. 研究；调查 （1）I’m doing some research on Chinese history. （2）They’re researching into the causes of cancer. n. v. do/make/carry out a research on/into research into 21 2. usual（通常的；寻常的）– unusual（特别的；不寻常的） happy（高兴的）– unhappy（不高兴的） Possible（可能的）– impossible（不可能的） Polite（礼貌的）– impolite（不礼貌的） Expensive（昂贵的）– inexpensive（便宜的） Convenient（方便的）– inconvenient（不方便的） Regular（规则的；有规律的）– irregular（不规律的） 常见的形容词否定前缀 un- im- in- ir- 你还知道哪些形容词否定前缀呢？ 写出下列单词的比较级。 1. good _______ 2. comfortable ________________ 3. big _______ 4. happy ________ 5. cheap ________ 6. many _______ 7. difficult ______________ 8. little ______________ better more comfortable bigger happier cheaper more more difficult less Exercises 用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. Don’t get _________(patient) about your personal trouble 2. He seemed ___________ (friend) at first, but now l’ve got to know him and l realize he’s warm and kind. 3. If someone doesn't show good manners to others, he or she is _________(polite). 4. lt’s so ________(fair)! Mary gets more money for less work. 5. It’s __________(possible) for us to finish so much work within so little time. We need help. impatient unfriendly impolite unfair impossible Homework 1.Read the conversations. 2.Make a conversation with your partner about the deep sea and write it down. 伴你成长 感谢您的观看 null 78863.555 $Thank you for the wonderful talk, mr. Jones. Now, does anyone have any questions? I do. Why are so many countries researching the deep sea? Well, curiosity is one reason we don't know enough about the ocean floor. I remember that in twenty twenty, china's vendors dive deeper into the mariana trenched than many other submersibles in the world, then filmed IT. But I didn't see any deep sea animals. What are they like? Well, many deep sea animals are large and unusual. Some animals are blind, but they can see as well as others. Some even create . their own light. cool. Are there any other surprising facts about the deep sea? Did you know that there's rubbish, even at eleven thousand meters deep, that shocked . many people, that terrible? We should do something about IT. You're right.