精品解析：辽宁鞍山市海城市育才学校2025-2026学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

2025-2026学年度高中开学考试卷 高二英语 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题） 一、阅读理解 A Harvard’s Pre-College Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Pre-College Program students. The application for Summer 2024 is now open. Who Can Participate in the Pre-College Program? Harvard’s Pre-College Program is designed for mature, academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. To be eligible for Summer 2024, you must meet both of the following criteria: *Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026 *Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024. Important Deadlines: *Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024 *Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline — February 14, 2024 *Late Application Deadline — April 10, 2024 Courses at Harvard’s Pre-College Program: With almost 30 courses to choose from in each session, you’re sure to find a topic that arouses your interest. You take one course during a session, and although courses are non-credit, they are thorough and strict. At the end of the program, you’ll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript with a grade of AR or NM (“requirements met” or “requirements not met”). This is a great way to supplement your college application. Please note: You need to attend every class in its entirety to receive a passing grade of “Met All Requirements.” The total fee for a 2024 Harvard Pre-College Program session is $5,550. The program fee includes tuition, room and meal plan, activity costs, and an accident and sickness insurance plan for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee per person. A limited number of scholarships are available to assist eligible students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and a typical award covers a portion of the tuition. 1. Which of the following statement is True? A. The students will take a college-level course with college students. B. The program is intended for mature and talented students. C. The application must be submitted by April 10, 2024. D The scholarships are available to a majority of students. 2. What will happen to the student if he participates in the program? A. He will choose 30 courses. B. He will fail to get a passing grade if he misses any class. C. He will earn credits before college. D. He will receive an oral evaluation from instructors. 3. How much should a pair of twins pay if they attend the two-week Pre-College Program? A. $11175 B. $5625 C. $11150 D. $11250 B They say once you learn to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learned to ride when we were kids, and many still wear our helmets, put our feet on the pedals, and shoot off for a ride on the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen an increase in popularity, so many people raise a question: ___4___ First, let’s look at the health benefits. Cycling can improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) health and burn extra body fat. Strengthening your muscles in your legs helps increase your potential torque (扭矩) and cadence (节奏). ___5___ A long ride in the countryside could help you clear your mind, or de-stress. But it’s not only about your body and mind there are also some plus sides for your wallet’s health. Cycling can be a great way to go to work or get about town. ___6___ If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a nightmare, whereas finding somewhere to chain your bike up can be much simpler. Then, on the subway, there are changes at stations and other people who go to work speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. ___7___ And if you’re worried about safety, there are designated cycle lanes in many major cities. In addition, wearing high-visibility clothing is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads. ___8___ It can help you reduce your carbon footprints. Not giving off greenhouse gases into the atmosphere is better for the planet and your own environment. So, whether people want to cycle for their health, their wallet, the environment, or a combination of all of them —the popularity of cycling is on the rise. A. What makes cycling so convenient? B. But cyclists face neither of these issues. C And people will choose to go to work by cycling. D. This can save you a lot of money on fuel or public transportation. E. Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. F. And the benefits from cycling aren’t just physical, but mental as well. G. What makes it so attractive for people to take their bikes once again? C Indoor gardening takes many forms, from microgreen kits to windowsill herb pots to home hydroponic (水培) systems. And then there’s the “Garden in a Bag”. Exactly as its name suggests, these cute paper bags are filled with soil and seeds that will grow into one of many plant varieties on a sunny windowsill. ___9___ The plant choices range from lavender and catnip to snapdragons and alpine strawberry. ___10___ They can express affection or gratitude or to send a message to Mum or someone else you’re thinking of. ___11___ An impatient gardener won’t have to wait long for their mini-gardens to start growing. Germination (萌芽) time varies depending on the plant variety, but most sprout (发芽) within three to 14 days. They will continue to grow post-germination and may eventually need to be transferred to a larger pot to keep growing. Garden in a Bag is initiated by Free the Ocean (FTO), an organisation that removes ten pieces of plastic from the ocean for every item sold in its online store. FTO’s founder Mimi Ausland says Garden in a Bag is a community favourite and relevant for Earth Day, as spring is a great time to start growing a little food or something beautiful at home. ___12___ Each bag measures 7 inches by 6 inches. The soil comes packaged separately in a sugarcane (甘蔗) bag. ___13___ The feel is similar but sugarcane is a natural material. It will biodegrade. A. And no green thumb is required. B. We love how easy these are to grow. C. You can also opt for sweet message bags. D. This, FTO says, is not to be confused with a plastic one. E. Recipients will be pleased to see the gifts growing well and fast. F. These self-contained gardens require much more than sunlight and water. G. This is a fun way to have a steady supply of fresh herbs or flowers year-round. D Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hate and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged (不和的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, in real situations, develops with practice. 14. What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness? A. People should offer mercy to others. B. Aggressive people should learn to forgive. C. Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D. People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. 15. What does the example in Paragraph 3 illustrate? A. To fight is to grow. B. To give is to receive. C. To forgive is to abuse. D. To dominate is to harm. 16. What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness? A. Favorable. B. Reserved. C. Objective. D. Skeptical. 17. What message does the last paragraph convey? A. Forgiveness is in our nature. B. Forgiveness grows with time. C. It takes practice to forgive. D. Actuality is based on potentiality. E When the long hot days of summer arrive, we can escape the heat by going indoors and drinking cold drinks, while our plants cannot. ____18____ Here are four tips on how to take care of your garden during these record-breaking heat waves. ____19____ Instead of watering during the hottest parts of the day when water is likely to evaporate (蒸发), change your schedule to water in the evening or during the early morning. If you live in a dry area, you can set up sustainable watering systems, like a rainwater harvester and drip irrigation. Create shade. When it is really hot, plants need extra shade to reduce stress. You can increase shade by planting your garden in an area near trees and bushes. Of course, that won't help a vegetable garden planted in rows away from trees. ____20____ If you have potted plants, moving them under a shade net is also a good option. Use suitable plants. Another way to keep your garden safe from the sun takes some pre-planning. Generally speaking, native plants are much more likely to survive drought and extreme temperatures. ____21____ Using ground cover plants also requires far less water than a grass lawn. But if you do have a lawn, leave the grass clippings after you cut the grass. Plant some wildflowers. Dropping wildflower seeds on any unused part of your garden will help bees, butterflies, and insects survive the heat. Plants like buttercups and daisies are a good source of food for them. ____22____ After all, sharing your garden with nature is the most right thing to do. A. Change your watering schedule. B. Healthy plants require the right amount of sunlight. C. Meanwhile, set up a bird bath for birds to cool off in. D. Water plants only once a week to avoid overwatering. E. So, choosing native plants will make things much easier for you. F. But you can still help your plants survive the heat by using a shade net. G. That's why you have to help keep your garden cool when the temperatures rise. 第II卷（非选择题） 二、完形填空 Wilson, a New York cyclist, donated one of his kidneys (肾) two years ago. In order to ____23____ that the operation didn’t change his lifestyle, earlier this year on March 10, which marked the World Kidney Day, he climbed to the top of Mt. Kilimanjaro with other kidney donors. His idea to be a kidney donor first appeared ____24____ seeing a friend’s post on Facebook. The friend wrote that his teenage daughter had recently ____25____ a life-saving kidney donation from a stranger, which enabled her to lead a normal life. When he got home, he started ____26____ kidney donations on the Internet. He learned that about 97,000 people were on the National Kidney Transplant List, and that many patients spent years on the list because there weren’t ____27____ kidneys available. He felt sorry for these patients and ____28____ to become a kidney donor. When Wilson told his wife about his idea to become a donor, ____29____, she totally supported his decision. Wilson began taking the steps to become a kidney donor, including ____30____ tests and examinations. Wilson’s operation was an even more advanced, minimally invasive (微创) one ____31____ a single-port surgery (单端口手术). Doctors removed Wilson’s kidney using an incision (切口) made in his belly. And then, his kidney would go for a perfect _____32_____. After about two weeks, he was back on his indoor bike and began training _____33_____ and carefully under the doctor’s guidance. As a donor of a living thing, Wilson said, “_____34_____ an operation may seem frightening, but all it took was several weeks for recovery.” He added, “The most important thing I want people to know is that when someone donates a kidney, life really doesn’t _____35_____ at all.” “If you can help others, it’s a wonderful thing, “Wilson said. “But the planet is a big place, so it is wonderful for a small individual (个体), even a stranger to make an impact on _____36_____ person, and one will feel proud and honored to save others.” It is also a great _____37_____ to the donor himself. 23. A. wish B. prove C. promise D. pray 24. A. before B. after C. since D. until 25. A. contributed B. donated C. received D. transplanted 26. A. donating B. researching C. calculating D. figuring 27. A. correct B. new C. true D. enough 28. A. invited B. persuaded C. determined D. ordered 29. A. thankfully B. generally C. gradually D. actually 30. A. countless B. hopeless C. harmless D. limitless 31. A. calling B. called C. call D. calls 32. A. doctor B. hospital C. match D. person 33. A. excitedly B. hardly C. lightly D. heavily 34. A. Going through B. Breaking through C. Looking through D. Seeing through 35. A. improve B. change C. disappear D. advance 36. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 37. A. challenge B. fight C. competition D. gift 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first C919 large passenger aircraft was delivered to its first customer, China Eastern Airlines, on December 9th. It is ___38___ first time for China’s civil aviation transport market ___39___ (have) an indigenously-developed (本土开发的) mainline jetliner. “The world’s first C919” is printed on the jet’s body. Its registration number is B-919A. “B” means it is a Chinese jet; “919” ___40___ (match) the model; “A” represents it being the first of its kind in the world. At Shanghai Pudong ___41___ (Internation) Airport, C919’s manufacturer Commercial Aircraft Corp of China, delivered the aircraft sales certificate and the commemorative key ___42___ China Eastern. The Civil Aviation Administration of China issued the airworthiness certificate to the airline. ___43___ took a short flight from Pudong Airport to Hongqiao Airport, both in Shanghai, to mark the historic moment. The 164-seater aircraft has a two-class cabin layout ___44___ consists of business class ___45___ economy class. After delivery, it will undergo more than 100 hours of empty aircraft verification test flights, with ___46___(stop) including Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou. The aircraft ____47____ (expect) to be put into commercial use in the spring of 2023. 四、书信写作 48. 假定你是李华，上周你和班级同学参加了一次野外生存训练（wildness survival program），请你给你的英国网友Johnson写一封电子邮件描述这次活动并谈谈自己的感受，内容包括： 1. 活动的时间和人员； 2. 活动过程； 3. 你的感受。 注意： 1 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Johnson, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 五、书面表达 49. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Emily Harper sat at her desk, staring blankly at the math problems in front of her. Numbers and variables danced confusingly across the page, laughing at her every effort. At school, Emily was known for her artistic talents, but math had always been her weakness. No matter how hard she tried, she just couldn’t make sense of it. Her struggles only worsened in the 10th grade. The pressure to keep up with her classmates grew, and the poor grades shook her confidence. Her parents decided to step in. “We need to find you some help.” her mother gently suggested one evening. Then came Mr. Jenkins, a retired local teacher known for his unique teaching style. Emily was initially resistant; the idea of spending extra hours on a subject she hated seemed like a punishment. But she unwillingly agreed, knowing something had to change. Their first session was tense. Mr. Jenkins, sensing her frustration, didn’t dive straight into problems. Instead, he asked about her interests. When Emily spoke passionately about her painting, he smiled. “Math is like art, Emily. It has patterns and beauty if you know where to look.” Doubtful but inspired, Emily listened as he began to explain concepts through visual examples. He used colors and shapes, turning abstract numbers into something almost tangible (有形的). For the first time, math seemed less like a foreign language and more like a puzzle waiting to be solved. However, progress was slow. Weeks passed with minimal improvement, and Emily’s patience wore thin. A particularly difficult quiz left her in tears, convinced she was sure to fail. Mr. Jenkins said. “Remember, Emily, every artist starts with a blank canvas, Masterpieces aren’t created overnight.” Encouraged by his firm belief, Emily pushed on. She began to see the connections between the steps, how each there, celebrating her successes, no matter how minor. （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Gradually, Emily’s confidence grew with Mr. Jenkins’ help. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emily’s heart raced when the results day arrived. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度高中开学考试卷 高二英语 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题） 一、阅读理解 A Harvard’s Pre-College Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Pre-College Program students. The application for Summer 2024 is now open. Who Can Participate in the Pre-College Program? Harvard’s Pre-College Program is designed for mature, academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. To be eligible for Summer 2024, you must meet both of the following criteria: *Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026 *Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024. Important Deadlines: *Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024 *Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline — February 14, 2024 *Late Application Deadline — April 10, 2024 Courses at Harvard’s Pre-College Program: With almost 30 courses to choose from in each session, you’re sure to find a topic that arouses your interest. You take one course during a session, and although courses are non-credit, they are thorough and strict. At the end of the program, you’ll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript with a grade of AR or NM (“requirements met” or “requirements not met”). This is a great way to supplement your college application. Please note: You need to attend every class in its entirety to receive a passing grade of “Met All Requirements.” The total fee for a 2024 Harvard Pre-College Program session is $5550. The program fee includes tuition, room and meal plan, activity costs, and an accident and sickness insurance plan for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee per person. A limited number of scholarships are available to assist eligible students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and a typical award covers a portion of the tuition. 1. Which of the following statement is True? A. The students will take a college-level course with college students. B. The program is intended for mature and talented students. C. The application must be submitted by April 10, 2024. D. The scholarships are available to a majority of students. 2. What will happen to the student if he participates in the program? A. He will choose 30 courses. B. He will fail to get a passing grade if he misses any class. C. He will earn credits before college. D. He will receive an oral evaluation from instructors. 3. How much should a pair of twins pay if they attend the two-week Pre-College Program? A. $11175 B. $5,625 C. $11150 D. $11250 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的大学预科项目的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Important Deadlines部分中“*Late Application Deadline — April 10, 2024(*申请截止日期为2024年4月10日)”可知，C选项“申请必须在2024年4月10日前提交”正确。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Please note: You need to attend every class in its entirety to receive a passing grade of “Met All Requirements.”(请注意：您需要完整地参加每节课才能获得“满足所有要求”的及格分数)”可知，如果学生参加了这个项目，如果他错过任何一节课，他就不能通过考试。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The total fee for a 2024 Harvard Pre-College Program session is $5,550.(2024年哈佛大学预科课程的总费用为5550美元)”以及“There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee per person.(此外，报名费为每人75美元，不可退还)”可知，如果一对双胞胎参加为期两周的大学预科课程，他们应该支付5550+5550+75+75=11250美元。故选D。 B They say once you learn to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learned to ride when we were kids, and many still wear our helmets, put our feet on the pedals, and shoot off for a ride on the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen an increase in popularity, so many people raise a question: ___4___ First, let’s look at the health benefits. Cycling can improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) health and burn extra body fat. Strengthening your muscles in your legs helps increase your potential torque (扭矩) and cadence (节奏). ___5___ A long ride in the countryside could help you clear your mind, or de-stress. But it’s not only about your body and mind there are also some plus sides for your wallet’s health. Cycling can be a great way to go to work or get about town. ___6___ If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a nightmare, whereas finding somewhere to chain your bike up can be much simpler. Then, on the subway, there are changes at stations and other people who go to work speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. ___7___ And if you’re worried about safety, there are designated cycle lanes in many major cities. In addition, wearing high-visibility clothing is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads. ___8___ It can help you reduce your carbon footprints. Not giving off greenhouse gases into the atmosphere is better for the planet and your own environment. So, whether people want to cycle for their health, their wallet, the environment, or a combination of all of them —the popularity of cycling is on the rise. A. What makes cycling so convenient? B. But cyclists face neither of these issues. C. And people will choose to go to work by cycling. D. This can save you a lot of money on fuel or public transportation. E. Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. F. And the benefits from cycling aren’t just physical, but mental as well. G. What makes it so attractive for people to take their bikes once again? 【答案】4. G 5. F 6. D 7. B 8. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者从健康优势、费用与方便程度和环保这四个方面介绍了骑自行车出行的好处。 【4题详解】 根据上文“In recent times, cycling has seen an increase in popularity, so many people raise a question(最近，骑自行车越来越受欢迎，所以很多人提出了一个问题)”以及下文对骑自行车出行的好处的介绍可知，本句应选择一个问句，针对骑自行车受欢迎提问。故G项“是什么如此吸引人们再一次骑上他们的自行车呢？”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 【5题详解】 根据上文“First, let’s look at the health benefits. Cycling can improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) health and burn extra body fat. Strengthening your muscles in your legs helps increase your potential torque (扭矩) and cadence (节奏).(首先，让我们看看它对健康的好处。骑自行车可以改善你的心血管健康，燃烧多余的脂肪。加强腿部肌肉有助于增加你的潜在扭矩和节奏)”以及后文“A long ride in the countryside could help you clear your mind, or de-stress.(在乡下长途骑行可以帮助你理清思路，或减压)”可知，此处应是讲述骑自行车对心理健康的好处。F项“而且，骑自行车的好处不仅仅是身体上的，还有精神上的。”呼应上下文，符合语境。故选F。 【6题详解】 根据上文“Cycling can be a great way to go to work or get about town.(骑自行车是上班或进城的好方法)”表明骑自行车是上班和在城市中四处闲逛的一种不错的出行方式，因此空处应是在解释为什么骑自行车是一种不错的出行方式。D项“这可以为你省下一大笔油钱或花在公共交通上的 钱。”符合语境，其中的 This 指的是上文提到的骑自行车上班或在城市中四处闲逛。故 选D。 【7题详解】 根据上文“If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a nightmare, whereas finding somewhere to chain your bike up can be much simpler. Then, on the subway, there are changes at stations and other people who go to work speaking loudly on their phones to deal with.(如果你开车去上班，有时找个地方停车可能是一场噩梦，而找个地方把你的自行车拴起来可能要简单得多。然后，在地铁上，车站有变化，其他上班的人大声打电话来应对)”提到了开车和坐地铁去上班会出现的问题， 故B项“但骑自行车的人不会面临这两个问题。”与上文形成对比，强调骑自行车上班的好处，符合语境。故选 B。 【8题详解】 根据后文“It can help you reduce your carbon footprints. Not giving off greenhouse gases into the atmosphere is better for the planet and your own environment.(它可以帮助你减少碳足迹。不向大气中排放温室气体对地球和我们自己的环境都更好)”可知，本段主要讲述的是骑自行车对环境的好处。故E项“最后，骑自行车对环境也有好处。”符合语境。故选 E。 C Indoor gardening takes many forms, from microgreen kits to windowsill herb pots to home hydroponic (水培) systems. And then there’s the “Garden in a Bag”. Exactly as its name suggests, these cute paper bags are filled with soil and seeds that will grow into one of many plant varieties on a sunny windowsill. ___9___ The plant choices range from lavender and catnip to snapdragons and alpine strawberry. ___10___ They can express affection or gratitude or to send a message to Mum or someone else you’re thinking of. ___11___ An impatient gardener won’t have to wait long for their mini-gardens to start growing. Germination (萌芽) time varies depending on the plant variety, but most sprout (发芽) within three to 14 days. They will continue to grow post-germination and may eventually need to be transferred to a larger pot to keep growing. Garden in a Bag is initiated by Free the Ocean (FTO), an organisation that removes ten pieces of plastic from the ocean for every item sold in its online store. FTO’s founder Mimi Ausland says Garden in a Bag is a community favourite and relevant for Earth Day, as spring is a great time to start growing a little food or something beautiful at home. ___12___ Each bag measures 7 inches by 6 inches. The soil comes packaged separately in a sugarcane (甘蔗) bag. ___13___ The feel is similar, but sugarcane is a natural material. It will biodegrade. A. And no green thumb is required. B. We love how easy these are to grow. C. You can also opt for sweet message bags. D. This, FTO says, is not to be confused with a plastic one. E. Recipients will be pleased to see the gifts growing well and fast. F. These self-contained gardens require much more than sunlight and water. G. This is a fun way to have a steady supply of fresh herbs or flowers year-round. 【答案】9. G 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Garden in a Bag这一家居养花技巧。 【9题详解】 上文“Exactly as its name suggests, these cute paper bags are filled with soil and seeds that will grow into one of many plant varieties on a sunny windowsill.(正如它的名字所暗示的那样，这些可爱的纸袋里装满了土壤和种子，这些种子将在阳光明媚的窗台上长成许多植物中的一种)”说明“Garden in a Bag”的构成和用途，空处承接上文，G选项“这是一个有趣的方式，有一个稳定的供应新鲜的草药或花卉全年”进一步说明了这种园艺形式的好处，与上文内容衔接紧密，符合语境，故选G。 【10题详解】 下文“They can express affection or gratitude or to send a message to Mum or someone else you’re thinking of.(它们可以表达喜爱或感激之情，也可以向妈妈或你想念的其他人传达信息)”说明这些园艺产品有传达情感信息的作用，空处应引出下文，选择能传达信息的袋子。C选项中“sweet message bags”与下文表达情感信息相呼应，故C选项“你也可以选择甜蜜的留言袋”，引出下文关于传达情感的内容，符合语境，故选C。 【11题详解】 下文“An impatient gardener won’t have to wait long for their mini-gardens to start growing.(一个没有耐心的园丁不用等太久，他们的小花园就会开始生长)”强调了这种园艺形式生长速度快，容易种植，B选项中“easy to grow”与下文生长速度快、不用久等相呼应，体现了这种园艺形式容易种植的特点，故B选项“我们喜欢它们容易养殖”引出下文，符合语境，故选B。 【12题详解】 上文“FTO’s founder Mimi Ausland says Garden in a Bag is a community favourite and relevant for Earth Day, as spring is a great time to start growing a little food or something beautiful at home.(FTO的创始人Mimi Ausland说，袋装花园是社区的最爱，与地球日有关，因为春天是开始在家里种一点食物或一些美丽的东西的好时机)”说明“Garden in a Bag”受欢迎的原因，空处应，进一步说明了这种园艺形式的优势。故A选项“而且不需要园艺能手”承接上文，继续阐述其优点，即不需要园艺技能，符合语境，故选A。 【13题详解】 上文“Each bag measures 7 inches by 6 inches. The soil comes packaged separately in a sugarcane (甘蔗) bag.(每个袋子长7英寸，宽6英寸。土壤被单独包装在一个甘蔗袋子里)”说明“Garden in a Bag”的大小和包装材料，D选项“FTO说，这与塑料袋不同”承接上文，并引出下文“The feel is similar, but sugarcane is a natural material. It will biodegrade.(感觉很相似，但甘蔗是一种天然材料。它会被生物降解)”进一步解释包装材料甘蔗袋与塑料袋的区别，说明甘蔗袋的特性，符合语境，故选D。 D Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hate and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged (不和的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, in real situations, develops with practice. 14. What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness? A People should offer mercy to others. B. Aggressive people should learn to forgive. C. Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D. People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. 15. What does the example in Paragraph 3 illustrate? A. To fight is to grow. B. To give is to receive. C. To forgive is to abuse. D. To dominate is to harm. 16 What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness? A. Favorable. B. Reserved. C. Objective. D. Skeptical. 17. What message does the last paragraph convey? A. Forgiveness is in our nature. B. Forgiveness grows with time. C. It takes practice to forgive. D. Actuality is based on potentiality. 【答案】14. D 15. D 16. A 17. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.(那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们)”可知，Droll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.(没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。)”可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；结合下文“For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony?(例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用？)”可知，奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦，此处通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选D。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.(我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长)”可知，作者对于宽恕持支持的态度。故选A。 17题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, in real situations, develops with practice.(值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度来看，我们看到了潜能和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。在现实生活中，宽恕的现实是随着实践而发展的)”可知，最后一段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选C。 E When the long hot days of summer arrive, we can escape the heat by going indoors and drinking cold drinks, while our plants cannot. ____18____ Here are four tips on how to take care of your garden during these record-breaking heat waves. ____19____ Instead of watering during the hottest parts of the day when water is likely to evaporate (蒸发), change your schedule to water in the evening or during the early morning. If you live in a dry area, you can set up sustainable watering systems, like a rainwater harvester and drip irrigation. Create shade. When it is really hot, plants need extra shade to reduce stress. You can increase shade by planting your garden in an area near trees and bushes. Of course, that won't help a vegetable garden planted in rows away from trees. ____20____ If you have potted plants, moving them under a shade net is also a good option. Use suitable plants. Another way to keep your garden safe from the sun takes some pre-planning. Generally speaking, native plants are much more likely to survive drought and extreme temperatures. ____21____ Using ground cover plants also requires far less water than a grass lawn. But if you do have a lawn, leave the grass clippings after you cut the grass. Plant some wildflowers. Dropping wildflower seeds on any unused part of your garden will help bees, butterflies, and insects survive the heat. Plants like buttercups and daisies are a good source of food for them. ____22____ After all, sharing your garden with nature is the most right thing to do. A. Change your watering schedule. B. Healthy plants require the right amount of sunlight. C. Meanwhile, set up a bird bath for birds to cool off in. D. Water plants only once a week to avoid overwatering. E. So, choosing native plants will make things much easier for you. F. But you can still help your plants survive the heat by using a shade net. G. That's why you have to help keep your garden cool when the temperatures rise. 【答案】18. G 19. A 20. F 21. E 22. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在夏季创纪录的高温热浪期间，如何通过改变浇水时间、创造阴凉、选用合适植物和种植野花等四个方法来照料花园，帮助植物度过高温。 【18题详解】 前文“When the long hot days of summer arrive, we can escape the heat by going indoors and drinking cold drinks, while our plants cannot. (当漫长炎热的夏日来临时，我们可以躲进室内喝冷饮来避暑，而我们的植物却不能。)”通过人与植物的对比，点明植物无法自主避暑的困境。后文“Here are four tips on how to take care of your garden during these record-breaking heat waves.(以下是四个方法，帮助你在创纪录的热浪期间照料好你的花园。)”直接引出具体建议。由此可知，空处需要承上启下，解释为什么“我们”需要采取行动来帮助植物。G项“That’s why you have to help keep your garden cool when the temperatures rise. (这就是为什么当温度升高时，你必须帮助你的花园保持凉爽。)”中的“That’s why”完美承接前文原因，并引出后文的行动建议，逻辑连贯。故选G。 【19题详解】 后文“Instead of watering during the hottest parts of the day when water is likely to evaporate (蒸发), change your schedule to water in the evening or during the early morning. If you live in a dry area, you can set up sustainable watering systems, like a rainwater harvester and drip irrigation.(不要在一天中最热、水分极易蒸发的时候浇水，而应将浇水时间调整为傍晚或清晨。如果你生活在干燥地区，可以搭建可持续的浇水系统，例如雨水收集器和滴灌设施。)”可知，本段围绕“改变浇水习惯”这一具体行动展开的。由此可知，空处应是该段主旨句。A项“Change your watering schedule. (改变你的浇水时间。)” 直接、准确地概括了本段核心建议，作为段首主题句最为合适。故选A。 【20题详解】 前文“Of course, that won’t help a vegetable garden planted in rows away from trees. (当然，这对于那些成行种植、远离树木的菜园来说没有帮助。)”指出了依靠树木遮阴方法的局限性，存在转折意味。后文“If you have potted plants, moving them under a shade net is also a good option. (如果你有盆栽植物，把它们移到遮阳网下也是个好选择。)”提供了另一种遮阴方案。由此可知，空处应承接前文的转折，并引出后文替代方案。F项“But you can still help your plants survive the heat by using a shade net. (但你仍然可以通过使用遮阳网来帮助植物在高温中存活。)”中的“But”承接转折，“using a shade net”完美引出后文的具体做法，衔接紧密。故选F。 【21题详解】 前文“Generally speaking, native plants are much more likely to survive drought and extreme temperatures. (一般来说，本地植物更有可能在干旱和极端温度下存活。)”说明了选择本地植物的优势。后文“Using ground cover plants also requires far less water than a grass lawn. (使用地被植物也比草坪需要少得多的水。)”转向另一类植物（地被植物）的优点。由此可知，空处应对前文关于“native plants”的论述进行总结或给出建议。E项“So, choosing native plants will make things much easier for you. (因此，选择本地植物会让事情对你来说容易得多。)”中的“So”是结果性连接词，对前文优势进行自然总结，并提出明确建议，符合语境。故选E。 22题详解】 前文“Plant some wildflowers. Dropping wildflower seeds on any unused part of your garden will help bees, butterflies, and insects survive the heat. Plants like buttercups and daisies are a good source of food for them.(种植一些野花。在花园里任何闲置的区域播撒野花种子，将有助于蜜蜂、蝴蝶和其他昆虫在高温中存活。毛茛和雏菊等植物能为它们提供良好的食物来源。)”说明了种植野花对昆虫的帮助。后文“After all, sharing your garden with nature is the most right thing to do. (毕竟，与自然分享你的花园是最正确的事情。)”进行了总结升华，强调与自然共享的理念。由此可知，空处可以继续扩展“帮助其他生物”的思路，作为总结前的最后一个具体建议。C项“Meanwhile, set up a bird bath for birds to cool off in. (同时，为鸟类设置一个洗澡盆让它们降温。)” 中的“Meanwhile”表示并列补充，“birds”与前文的“bees, butterflies, and insects”共同构成更广泛的生物群体，丰富了“与自然分享”的内涵，使建议更全面，并自然导向最终结论。故选C。 第II卷（非选择题） 二、完形填空 Wilson, a New York cyclist, donated one of his kidneys (肾) two years ago. In order to ____23____ that the operation didn’t change his lifestyle, earlier this year on March 10, which marked the World Kidney Day, he climbed to the top of Mt. Kilimanjaro with other kidney donors. His idea to be a kidney donor first appeared ____24____ seeing a friend’s post on Facebook. The friend wrote that his teenage daughter had recently ____25____ a life-saving kidney donation from a stranger, which enabled her to lead a normal life. When he got home, he started ____26____ kidney donations on the Internet. He learned that about 97,000 people were on the National Kidney Transplant List, and that many patients spent years on the list because there weren’t ____27____ kidneys available. He felt sorry for these patients and ____28____ to become a kidney donor. When Wilson told his wife about his idea to become a donor, ____29____, she totally supported his decision. Wilson began taking the steps to become a kidney donor, including ____30____ tests and examinations. Wilson’s operation was an even more advanced, minimally invasive (微创) one ____31____ a single-port surgery (单端口手术). Doctors removed Wilson’s kidney using an incision (切口) made in his belly. And then, his kidney would go for a perfect _____32_____. After about two weeks, he was back on his indoor bike and began training _____33_____ and carefully under the doctor’s guidance. As a donor of a living thing, Wilson said, “_____34_____ an operation may seem frightening, but all it took was several weeks for recovery.” He added, “The most important thing I want people to know is that when someone donates a kidney, life really doesn’t _____35_____ at all.” “If you can help others, it’s a wonderful thing, “Wilson said. “But the planet is a big place, so it is wonderful for a small individual (个体), even a stranger to make an impact on _____36_____ person, and one will feel proud and honored to save others.” It is also a great _____37_____ to the donor himself. 23. A. wish B. prove C. promise D. pray 24. A. before B. after C. since D. until 25. A. contributed B. donated C. received D. transplanted 26. A. donating B. researching C. calculating D. figuring 27. A. correct B. new C. true D. enough 28. A. invited B. persuaded C. determined D. ordered 29. A. thankfully B. generally C. gradually D. actually 30. A. countless B. hopeless C. harmless D. limitless 31. A. calling B. called C. call D. calls 32. A. doctor B. hospital C. match D. person 33. A. excitedly B. hardly C. lightly D. heavily 34. A. Going through B. Breaking through C. Looking through D. Seeing through 35. A. improve B. change C. disappear D. advance 36. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 37. A. challenge B. fight C. competition D. gift 【答案】23. B 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位来自纽约的自行车手威尔逊捐赠了一个肾脏，并且证明这次手术并没有改变他的生活方式的故事。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了证明手术没有改变他的生活方式，今年早些时候的3月10日是世界肾脏日，他和其他捐肾者一起爬上了乞力马扎罗山山顶。A. wish希望；B. prove证明；C. promise允诺；D. pray祈祷。根据下文““The most important thing I want people to know is that when someone donates a kidney, life really doesn’t ____13____ at all.””可知他是为了证明手术没有改变他的生活方式，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他想捐肾的想法最初是在看到一个朋友在Facebook上的帖子后出现的。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. since自从；D. until直到。根据下文“The friend wrote that his teenage daughter had recently ____3____ a life-saving kidney donation from a stranger, which enabled her to lead a normal life.”可知他捐肾的想法是在看到一个朋友的帖子后出现的，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位朋友写道，他十几岁的女儿最近接受了一位陌生人的肾脏捐赠，这挽救了她的生命，使她能够过上正常的生活。A. contributed捐献；B. donated捐赠；C. received接受；D. transplanted移植。根据下文“a life-saving kidney donation from a stranger, which enabled her to lead a normal life.”可知是接受了肾脏捐赠，才能过上正常的生活，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家后，他开始在网上研究肾脏捐赠。A. donating捐赠；B. researching研究；C. calculating计算；D. figuring认为。根据上文“His idea to be a kidney donor first appeared”可知是有了想法后开始上网研究肾脏捐赠。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：了解到，全国肾脏移植名单上有大约9.7万人，许多病人在名单上待了很多年，因为没有足够的肾脏可用。A. correct正确的；B. new新的；C. true真的；D. enough足够的。根据上文“that many patients spent years on the list”可知是没有足够的可用肾脏，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他为这些病人感到难过，决定捐肾。A. invited邀请；B. persuaded劝说；C. determined决定；D. ordered命令。根据上文“He felt sorry for these patients”可知因为没有足够的肾脏可用，所以他为这些病人感到难过，于是决定捐肾，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊告诉他的妻子他想成为捐赠者的想法时，谢天谢地，她完全支持他的决定。A. thankfully感激地；B. generally通常地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. actually实际上。根据下文“she totally supported his decision”可知她的妻子支持他捐肾，所以应是感激地，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊开始采取措施成为一个肾脏捐赠者，包括无数的测试和检查。A. countless无数的；B. hopeless没有希望的；C. harmless无害的；D. limitless无限的。根据上文“Wilson began taking the steps to become a kidney donor”可知他开始采取措施使自己成为肾脏捐赠者，所以应该使包括多次的测试和检查，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：威尔逊的手术是一种更先进的微创手术，被称为单端口手术。A. calling称呼，现在分词；B. called称呼，过去分词；C. call称呼，动词原形；D. calls称呼，动词第三人称单数。分析可知，设空处作定语修饰invasive (微创) one，和它之间使被动关系，应用过去分词，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他的肾就会与之匹配。A. doctor医生；B. hospital医院；C. match匹配；D. person人。根据常识可知，是把肾脏取出来和病人进行匹配，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约两周后，他回到室内自行车上，开始在医生的指导下进行轻微而小心的训练。A. excitedly激动地；B. hardly几乎不；C. lightly轻柔地；D. heavily沉重地。根据上文可知他刚做完手术，所以应该是轻微地做训练，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为活体捐赠者，威尔逊说：“经历手术似乎很可怕，但只需要几个星期就能恢复。”A. Going through经历；B. Breaking through突破；C. Looking through浏览；D. Seeing through识破。根据下文“but all it took was several weeks for recovery.”以及前文可知是经历手术，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说：“我想让人们知道的最重要的事情是，当有人捐献肾脏时，生活真的不会发生任何改变。”A. improve提高；B. change改变；C. disappear消失；D. advance发展。根据文章开头“In order to ____1____ that the operation didn’t change his lifestyle,”可知是change的单词复现，故选B。 【36题详解】 考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：“但地球是一个很大的地方，所以一个小的人，甚至是一个陌生人，对另一个人产生影响是很美妙的，一个人会为拯救别人而感到自豪和荣幸。”A. other其他的；B. the other两个中另一个；C. another另一个，三者以上；D. others两个中的另一个，复数形式。分析可知，这里指的是地球上的另一个人，所以应用三者以上的另一个，故选C。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对捐赠者本人来说也是一份伟大的礼物。A. challenge挑战；B. fight斗争；C. competition竞赛；D. gift礼物。根据上文““Wilson said. “But the planet is a big place, so it is wonderful for a small individual (个体), even a stranger to make an impact on ____14____ person, and one will feel proud and honored to save others.””所以对于捐赠者来说感到自豪和荣幸，因此也应该算是一份伟大的礼物。故选D。 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first C919 large passenger aircraft was delivered to its first customer, China Eastern Airlines, on December 9th. It is ___38___ first time for China’s civil aviation transport market ___39___ (have) an indigenously-developed (本土开发的) mainline jetliner. “The world’s first C919” is printed on the jet’s body. Its registration number is B-919A. “B” means it is a Chinese jet; “919” ___40___ (match) the model; “A” represents it being the first of its kind in the world. At Shanghai Pudong ___41___ (Internation) Airport, C919’s manufacturer Commercial Aircraft Corp of China, delivered the aircraft sales certificate and the commemorative key ___42___ China Eastern. The Civil Aviation Administration of China issued the airworthiness certificate to the airline. ___43___ took a short flight from Pudong Airport to Hongqiao Airport, both in Shanghai, to mark the historic moment. The 164-seater aircraft has a two-class cabin layout ___44___ consists of business class ___45___ economy class. After delivery, it will undergo more than 100 hours of empty aircraft verification test flights, with ___46___(stop) including Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou. The aircraft ____47____ (expect) to be put into commercial use in the spring of 2023. 【答案】38. the 39. to have 40. matches 41. International 42. to 43. It 44. that##which 45. and 46. stops 47. is expected 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了首架C919大型客机于12月9日交付给其第一个客户中国东方航空公司。同时该飞机预计将于2023年春季投入商业使用。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是中国民航运输市场首次拥有自主研发的干线客机。分析句子，设空处置于first之前，故使用定冠词the。故填the。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中it is the first time for sb to do sth为固定句式，该结构中不定式结构为真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填to have。 【40题详解】 考查动词。句意：“B”表示这是一架中国飞机；“919”型号匹配；“A”代表它是世界上第一个。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语为“919”其为第三人称单数。match意为“匹配”。故填matches。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在上海浦东国际机场，C919的制造商中国商用飞机有限责任公司向中国东方航空公司交付了飞机销售证书和纪念钥匙。分析句子，设空处应该使用Internation的形容词international作定语，修饰名词。其为专有名词，故首字母大写。故填International。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。句中deliver …to…为固定短语，意为“交付，转交”。故填to。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：C919飞机从浦东机场到虹桥机场的短途飞行，都在上海，以纪念这一历史性时刻。分析句子，设空处使用代词作主语，此处指代前文的C919飞机，故用it。同时该空置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填It。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这架飞机有164个座位，设有商务舱和经济舱。分析句子，设空处引导限定性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a two-class cabin layout，其为物，故用that或者which。故填that或which。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中business class 和economy class构成并列结构，应该用连词and。故填and。 【46题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：交付后，它将进行100多个小时的空机验证试飞，停留地点包括上海、北京和广州。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，stop为可数名词，意为“站点”，此处表示复数意义。故填stops。 【47题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：该飞机预计将于2023年春季投入商业使用。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中be expected to do为固定短语，意为“预计”，句子主语为单数，故be动词用is。故填is expected。 四、书信写作 48. 假定你是李华，上周你和班级同学参加了一次野外生存训练（wildness survival program），请你给你的英国网友Johnson写一封电子邮件描述这次活动并谈谈自己的感受，内容包括： 1. 活动的时间和人员； 2. 活动过程； 3. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Johnson, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Johnson, My classmates and I took part in a wildness survival program from Thursday to Saturday last week. I can’t wait to share some relevant details with you. Before we started, we were equipped with a compass, a map, a first aid kit, tents, flashlights, some food, some clothes and so on. In the wild, we climbed three hills and swam across two rivers. But then we lost our way in the forest. Luckily, we found the right direction with the help of the compass. As soon as we arrived at the campsite, we put up out tents, made a fire and then started cooking. We also learned how to give first aid. Through the program, we learned to use knowledge gained in class to solve problems. It was quite an unforgettable experience for me. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给英国网友Johnson写一封电子邮件，描述自己和班级同学参加的野外生存训练活动，并谈谈自己的感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：take part in→participate in 开始：start→begin, commence 幸运的是：luckily→fortunately, by good fortune 学习：learn→study 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I can’t wait to share some relevant details with you. 拓展句：There are some relevant details that I can’t wait to share with you. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Before we started, we were equipped with a compass, a map, a first aid kit, tents, flashlights, some food, some clothes and so on. (运用了before引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] As soon as we arrived at the campsite, we put up out tents, made a fire and then started cooking. (运用了as soon as引导时间状语从句) 五、书面表达 49. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Emily Harper sat at her desk, staring blankly at the math problems in front of her. Numbers and variables danced confusingly across the page, laughing at her every effort. At school, Emily was known for her artistic talents, but math had always been her weakness. No matter how hard she tried, she just couldn’t make sense of it. Her struggles only worsened in the 10th grade. The pressure to keep up with her classmates grew, and the poor grades shook her confidence. Her parents decided to step in. “We need to find you some help.” her mother gently suggested one evening. Then came Mr. Jenkins, a retired local teacher known for his unique teaching style. Emily was initially resistant; the idea of spending extra hours on a subject she hated seemed like a punishment. But she unwillingly agreed, knowing something had to change. Their first session was tense. Mr. Jenkins, sensing her frustration, didn’t dive straight into problems. Instead, he asked about her interests. When Emily spoke passionately about her painting, he smiled. “Math is like art, Emily. It has patterns and beauty if you know where to look.” Doubtful but inspired, Emily listened as he began to explain concepts through visual examples. He used colors and shapes, turning abstract numbers into something almost tangible (有形的). For the first time, math seemed less like a foreign language and more like a puzzle waiting to be solved. However, progress was slow. Weeks passed with minimal improvement, and Emily’s patience wore thin. A particularly difficult quiz left her in tears, convinced she was sure to fail. Mr. Jenkins said. “Remember, Emily, every artist starts with a blank canvas, Masterpieces aren’t created overnight.” Encouraged by his firm belief, Emily pushed on. She began to see the connections between the steps, how each there, celebrating her successes, no matter how minor. （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Gradually, Emily’s confidence grew with Mr. Jenkins’ help. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emily’s heart raced when the results day arrived. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Gradually, Emily’s confidence grew with Mr. Jenkins’ help. She started to approach math problems with newfound enthusiasm. Instead of dreading them, she would actively seek solutions, applying the techniques Mr. Jenkins had taught her. She no longer saw math as an insurmountable obstacle but as an exciting challenge. In class, she began to volunteer answers, much to the surprise of her teachers and classmates. Her after-school study sessions became a time of exploration rather than frustration. She would spend hours practicing, often losing track of time as she delved deeper into the world of numbers. Emily’s heart raced when the results day arrived. She had worked so hard, and the thought of seeing if it had paid off filled her with both excitement and anxiety. As she opened the envelope containing her math test results, her eyes widened. A broad smile spread across her face. She had passed with flying colors! She couldn't wait to tell Mr. Jenkins. His unwavering belief in her and his unique teaching methods had finally borne fruit. This achievement was not just a victory in math but a testament to her own perseverance and the power of a great teacher. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Emily 在数学学习上困难重重，10 年级时压力增大，父母找来 Mr. Jenkins 辅导她。Mr. Jenkins 用独特方式教学，虽进展缓慢，但 Emily 在他鼓励下坚持学习。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在詹金斯先生的帮助下，埃米莉的信心逐渐增强。”可知，第一段可描述 Emily 在信心增长后对待数学的积极态度转变，如主动解题、课堂积极表现；讲述她课后积极练习的状态。 ②由第二段首句内容“成绩公布那天到来时，埃米莉的心怦怦直跳。”可知，第二段可描写 Emily 等待成绩时的紧张心情；看到通过考试且成绩优异的惊喜反应；表达对 Mr. Jenkins 的感激以及此次经历的感悟。 2.续写线索：信心增长——态度积极转变——课后积极练习——成绩公布紧张——看到好成绩惊喜——感激老师及感悟。 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①寻求：seek /look for ②探索：explore /probe ③告诉：tell/inform 情感类： ①热情：enthusiasm /passion ②兴奋：excitement /thrill 【点睛】【高分句型 1】 Instead of dreading them, she would actively seek solutions, applying the techniques Mr. Jenkins had taught her.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语和省略that或者which引导的定语从句） 【高分句型 2】She had worked so hard, and the thought of seeing if it had paid off filled her with both excitement and anxiety. （运用了if引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $