内容正文:
知识清单·鲁科版四年级下册
Unit 2 Chores at home
知识梳理
知识点拨
【考点一】情态动词 can 引导的一般疑问句(询问能力)
【考点二】现在进行时(描述正在进行的动作)
【考点三】现在进行时的特殊疑问句(询问他人正在做什么)
考点一:情态动词 can 引导的一般疑问句(询问能力)
(Where are you from? / Where do you live?)
—Can you use the washing machine? 你会用洗衣机吗?
—Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 是的,我会。/ 不,我不会。
解析
问句结构:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
can 是情态动词,意为 “能、会”,表示能力,无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形;
疑问词 can 提前,构成一般疑问句,用于询问对方是否具备做某事的能力。
答句结构:
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can.
否定回答:No, 主语 + can't.(can't 是 cannot 的缩写)
拓展用法:can 还可表示请求、许可,如 Can I help you?(我能帮你吗?)
易错点:can 后必须接动词原形,不能接动词 - ing 形式或第三人称单数形式,如错误表达 Can you sweeps the floor?,正确为 Can you sweep the floor?
【大显身手】
( ) 1.—______ you wash your shoes?
—Yes, I ______.
A. Do; can B. Can; can C. Can; do
( ) 2.—Can Danny sweep the floor?
—______ But he can try.
A. Yes, he can. B. No, he can't. C. No, he doesn't.
3. 用所给词的正确形式填空:
Can you ______ (use) the washing machine?
4. 句型转换:I can make the bed.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
—______ ______ make the bed?
—______, ______ ______.
5. 翻译句子:你会擦桌子吗?不,我不会,但是我可以试试。
____________________________________________________
考点二:现在进行时(描述正在进行的动作)
—What are you doing? 你正在做什么?
—I'm sweeping the floor. 我正在扫地。
解析
1. 定义:表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2. 结构:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词ing形式 + 其他
be动词 随主语变化:I 用 am,you/we/they 用 are,he/she/it/单数名词 用 is;
动词ing 变化规则:
① 一般情况直接加 ing:clean → cleaning water → watering
② 以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing:make → making use → using
③ 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母加 ing:
sweep → sweeping run → running
3. 标志词:now(现在)、look(看)、listen(听)、at the moment(此刻)
4. 易错点:
不能遗漏 be动词,如错误表达 I cleaning the window.,正确为 I'm cleaning the window.
主语是第三人称单数时,be动词 用 is,不能用 are,如错误表达 He are feeding the fish.,正确为 He's feeding the fish.
【大显身手】
( ) 1. —What ______ you doing?
—I ______ cleaning the window.
A. are; am B. are; are C. is; am
( ) 2.Look! Li Ming ______ the plants.
A. water B. waters C. is watering
3. 用所给词的正确形式填空:
My mother ______ (cook) potatoes in the kitchen now.
4. 句型转换:I'm sweeping the floor.(对画线部分提问)
______ ______ you ______?
5. 翻译句子:爷爷,等一下,我正在整理床铺。
____________________________________________________
考点三:现在进行时特殊疑问句(询问他人正在做什么)
—What's Li Ming doing? 李明正在做什么?
—He's cleaning the table. 他正在擦桌子。
解析
1. 问句结构:特殊疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 动词ing形式 + 其他?
询问“正在做什么”用疑问词 What;
be动词 随主语变化:主语是单数用 is,复数用 are;
动词必须用 ing 形式。
2. 答句结构:主语 + be动词 + 动词ing形式 + 其他.
3. 易错点:问句和答句的时态必须一致,都用现在进行时,不能混用一般现在时,
如错误回答 He clean the table.,正确为 He's cleaning the table.
【大显身手】
( ) 1. —What's your grandma doing?
—______
A. She feeds the fish. B. She's feeding the fish. C. He's feeding the fish.
( ) 2.—What are the children doing?
—______
A. They are good. B. They go for a walk. C. They are cleaning the table.
3. 用所给词的正确形式填空:
—What ______ (be) Danny doing?
—He ______ (water) the flowers.
4. 句型转换:He is cleaning the chair.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
—______ ______ cleaning the chair?
—______, ______ ______.
5. 翻译句子:你爸爸正在做什么?他正在做饭。
____________________________________________________
写作指引
My Chores at Home 写作指导及范文
一、写作
请以 “My Chores at Home” 为题,写一篇英语短文,介绍自己在家会做的家务,以及家人正在做的家务。要求:1. 句子通顺,思路清晰有条理。2. 不少于 50 字。3. 包含本单元重点句型和短语。
(一)写作指导(分 3 步,可直接套用)
第一步:梳理写作思路(先想 “3 个关键信息”)
关键部分
思考方向(举例)
1. 开篇引入
介绍自己在家会做的家务,用 can 句型
2. 中间描述
描述家人现在正在做的家务,用现在进行时
3. 结尾升华
表达做家务的感受,传递劳动的意义
第二步:拆解写作结构(分 “开头 - 中间 - 结尾”,每部分写 1-2 句)
第三步:必用核心句型
写作时优先用这些前单元学过的句型,既符合要求又不易出错:
1.能力句型:Can you...? / I can...(询问/表达能力)
2.现在进行时句型:What are you doing? / I'm... / What's he/she doing? / He/She is...(描述正在进行的动作)
3. 常用短语:sweep the floor, clean the window, make the bed, water the flowers 等(家务类短语)
(二)范文:
My Chores at Home
I can do many chores at home. I can sweep the floor, clean the table and make the bed. I can also use the washing machine.
Now, my family are busy. My mum is cleaning the window. My dad is cooking potatoes. My grandma is feeding the fish. I'm watering the flowers.
I love doing chores. It's fun and helpful. Labour breeds our body; learning breeds our soul.
综合训练
一、单项选择
( ) 1.—Can you ______ the floor?
—No, I can't. But I can try.
A. sweep B. sweeps C. sweeping
( ) 2.—What are you doing? 【传统文化·劳动主题】
—I'm ______ the window.
A. clean B. cleaning C. cleans
( ) 3. —What's Li Ming doing? 【跨学科·生活技能】
—He's ______ the plants.
A. water B. waters C. watering
( ) 4. —Can you use the washing machine?
—______
A. Yes, I can. B. No, I am not. C. Yes, I do.
( ) 5. Wait a ______, Grandpa. I'm cleaning the table.【新情境·日常对话】
A. minute B. minutes C. a minute
( ) 6. My mother ______ cooking potatoes in the kitchen now.
A. am B. is C. are
( ) 7. —What are the children doing?
—______
A. They are good. B. They are feeding the fish. C. They go for a walk.
( ) 8. Let's ______ for a walk, children.
A. go B. goes C. going
( ) 9.—Are you washing clothes, Amy?
—______
A. No, I'm not. B. Yes, she is. C. No, I don't.
( ) 10. Labour breeds our body; learning breeds our ____.【传统文化·名言警句】
A. body B. soul C. heart
二、用所给词的正确形式填空
1. Can you ______ (wash) your socks?
2. Look! Danny ______ (feed) the fish. 【跨学科·观察能力】
3. I ______ (make) the bed now. 【新情境·家务场景】
4. —What ______ (be) your grandma doing?
—She ______ (clean) the table.
5. Let me ______ (show) you how to use the washing machine.【新题型·技能教学】
三、按要求改写句子
1. I can sweep the floor.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
____________________________________________________
2. She is cleaning the window.(对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
3. He is watering the plants.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
____________________________________________________
4. I'm making the bed.(对画线部分提问)
____________________________________________________
5. Can you use the washing machine?(作否定回答)【新情境·生活技能】
____________________________________________________
四、补全对话 【新情境·家庭对话】
A: Good morning, Mum. 1. ______A. Wait a minute.
B. Let me help you!
C. What are you doing?
D. What are you cooking?
E. Where's Dad?
F. What's he doing?
B: I'm cleaning the window.
A: 2. ______
B: He's in the kitchen.
A: Hi, Dad! 3. ______
C: I'm cooking potatoes.
A: 4. ______
C: Thank you, Li Ming.
A: Danny, dinner is ready!
D: 5. ______ I'm watering the flowers.
A: You're so helpful!
五、英汉互译 【传统文化·劳动词汇】
1. 等一下 ____________________
2. 整理床铺 ____________________
3. 喂鱼 ____________________
4. Can you use the washing machine? ____________________
5. He's watering the plants. ____________________
六、阅读理解
Hello, I'm Li Ming. I can do many chores at home. I can sweep the floor, clean the table and make the bed. I can't use the washing machine, but my mum can show me. Now, my family are busy. My mum is cleaning the window. My dad is cooking potatoes. My grandma is feeding the fish. Danny is watering the flowers. We are all helpful.
根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F):
( ) 1. Li Ming can sweep the floor.
( ) 2. Li Ming can use the washing machine.
( ) 3. Li Ming's mum is cleaning the window.
( ) 4.Li Ming's dad is cooking noodles.
( ) 5.Danny is watering the flowers.
七、书面表达【新情境·劳动教育主题】
请以 `My Chores at Home` 为题,写一篇英语短文,介绍自己在家会做的家务,以及家人正在做的家务。
要求:1. 语句通顺,语法正确;2. 不少于50词;3. 包含本单元重点句型和短语。
参考答案
考点一
1. B 2. B 3. use
4. Can you; No, I can't
5. —Can you clean the table?
—No, I can't. But I can try.
考点二
1. A 2. C 3. is cooking
4. What are; doing
5. Wait a minute, Grandpa. I'm making the bed.
考点三
1. B 2. C
3. is; is watering
4. Is he; Yes, he is
5. —What's your father doing?
—He's cooking.
【综合训练】
一、单项选择
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B
二、用所给词的正确形式填空
1. wash
2. is feeding
3. am making
4. is; is cleaning
5. show
三、按要求改写句子
1. —Can you sweep the floor?
—No, I can't.
2. What is she doing?
3. —Is he watering the plants?
—Yes, he is.
4. What are you doing?
5. No, I can't.
四、补全对话 【新情境·家庭对话】
1. C 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. A
五、英汉互译 【传统文化·劳动词汇】
1. wait a minute
2. make the bed
3. feed the fish
4. 你会用洗衣机吗?
5. 他正在给植物浇水。
六、阅读理解
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T
七、书面表达【新情境·劳动教育主题】(参考范文)
My Chores at Home
I'm Lily. I can do many chores at home. I can sweep the floor, clean the table and wash my socks. I can also make the bed.
Now, my family are busy. My mum is cleaning the window. My dad is cooking dinner. My grandma is feeding the fish. I'm watering the flowers.
I love doing chores. It makes me happy. Labour breeds our body; learning breeds our soul.
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