7.4 Entertaining Activities-Grammar&Writing（课件）-《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）《上好课》

Period 4 Grammar and Writing Unit7 Entertaining Activities 语文版2022版 英语基础模块3 CONTENTS 3、应用实践 2、语法探究 1、情景导入 5、回顾总结 6、考点速递 7、随堂小练 4、迁移创新 8、家庭作业 Learning Goals Unit 7 Grammar& writing Students can write a 50-80 word paragraph about their favorite entertainment activity using at least 2 attributive clauses. Students can distinguish relative adverbs (when, where, why) from relative pronouns (which, that) in attributive clauses. Knowledge Objective: Affective Objective: Students can develop confidence in using complex sentences in English. Skill Objective: Key and Difficult Points Key point: Mastering the usage of relative adverbs (when, where, why) and their substitution with preposition + which. Difficult point: Choosing the correct relative word (pronoun vs. adverb) and applying attributive clauses in writing. 情境导入 01 单击此处添加章节副标题 Lead-in 语法探究 02 Let’s revise. 在复合句中，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。顾名思义，它的作用是作定语，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 什么是定语从句？ 8 引导定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词： 关系代词: that, which, who, whom（宾格）, whose（所有格）, as 关系副词: where, when, why ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ The building which/that (作主语, 指物) stands by the river is our school. The train (that/which)(作宾语, 指物, 可省略) you see was made in China. Please show me the book whose(作定语, 指物)cover is red. I saw a woman whose (作定语, 指人) bag was stolen. The man who/that (作主语, 指人) is talking to the girl’s mother is a teacher. The teacher (who/that/whom)(作宾语, 指人, 可省略) we met yesterday will give us a talk. 关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。 9 关系副词用来引导定语从句，它和关系代词一样，在从句中代替先行词，在句中作状语。 where: 在从句中作地点状语, 指代地点。 when: 在从句中作时间状语, 指代时间。 why: 在从句中作原因状语, 指代原因。 E.g. 1.The hotel wasn’t clean. + We stayed at the hotel. The hotel where we stayed wasn’t clean. The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t clean. The hotel (which) we stayed at wasn’t clean. ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ where=介词+which 10 定语从句的关系副词 This is the city where I met Judy. 关系副词在句中的作用 在定语从句中代替先行词 ①代替作用 作状语 ②可作成分 将两个句子连成带有定语从句的主从复合句 ③连接作用 关系副词的用法 关系副词 意义 先行词类型 when 表时间，在从句中作时间状语 time,day,year,moment,occasion等表时间的名词 where 表地点，在从句中作地点状语 place, city, town, country, room, scene 等表地点的名词 why 表原因，在从句中作原因状语 reason（仅修饰 “reason” 一词） 关系副词的用法 when When 引导定语从句时，在从句中作时间状语，先行词表示时间点/时间段 When的替代形式有：at/in/on which Judy remembers the day when she first arrived in Zootopia.朱迪记得她第一次到动物城的那一天。 可替换成：Judy remembers the day on which she first arrived in Zootopia. 关系副词的用法 where Where 引导定语从句时，作地点状语，先行词表地点、场景、环境类名词 Where的替代形式有：at/in/on which Zootopia is the city where animals live in peace. 动物城是动物们和平共处的城市。 可替换成：Zootopia is the city in which animals live in peace. 关系副词的用法 why Why 引导定语从句时，作原因状语，只修饰先行词reason Why的替代形式有：for which Nick didn’t tell Judy the reason why he hated Zootopia. 尼克没告诉朱迪他讨厌动物城的原因。 可替换成：Nick didn’t tell Judy the reason for which he hated Zootopia. 限定性vs非限定性定语从句 限定性vs非限定性定语从句 二者最核心的区别是：限制性定语从句是先行词不可或缺的部分，去掉后主句意思不完整；非限制性定语从句仅对先行词进行附加说明，去掉后主句意思仍完整。 1、限定性定语从句是“必需”：用来明确先行词的范围、特征，若去掉，主句会因指代不明而意思模糊。 具体对比 “必需”vs“附加” 2、非限定性定语从句是“附加”：相当于插入语，描述先行词的额外信息，去掉后主句意思依然完整。 具体对比 形式区别 1、限定性定语从句：从句与主句之间无逗号连接，从句紧密依附于先行词。 Nick helped the animals that were in trouble. （尼克帮助了遇到困难的动物们。） 2、非限定性定语从句：从句与主句之间有逗号分隔，逗号起到 “隔离补充信息” 的作用。 例： Nick, who is a fox, helped the animals.（尼克，一只狐狸，帮助了动物们。） 例： 1、限定性定语从句：可使用关系代词 that（指人 / 物）、who（指人）、whom（指人）、which（指物）；当关系词在从句中作宾语时，可省略。 具体对比 关系词使用区别 This is the case (that/which) Judy solved. （这是朱迪解决的案子。）（关系词作宾语，可省略） 例： 2、非限定性定语从句：不能使用 that，指人用 who/whom，指物用 which；当关系词在从句中作宾语时，不可省略。 例： The case, which Judy solved, made her famous. （这个案子，朱迪解决的，让她出了名。）（不可用 that，不可省略 which） 具体对比 先行词区别 1、限定性定语从句：先行词通常是普通名词（如 rabbit, case, animal），从句通过 “限定范围” 让先行词更具体。 2、非限定性定语从句：先行词可以是专有名词（如 Judy, Nick, Zootopia）、整个主句，或“名词 + 介词短语”等结构，从句对其进行补充描述。 例： （先行词为整个主句）： Judy solved the case, which surprised everyone. （朱迪解决了案子，这让所有人都很惊讶。）（which 指代整个主句内容） 对比总结 对比维度 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句 核心功能 限定先行词，不可或缺 补充说明先行词，可有可无 标点符号 无逗号连接 有逗号分隔主句与从句 关系词使用 可⽤ that，宾语可省略 不可⽤ that，关系词不可省略 先行词范围 多为普通名词 可专有名词、整个主句等 去掉后的影响 主句意思不完整 主句意思仍完整 应用实践 03 单击此处添加章节副标题 Let’s read the following sentences aloud. The Attributive Clauses(II) ⭐Do you know the year when the Long March started? ⭐Young people are fond of going to the cinema, where they can enjoy movies. ⭐The reason why she is absent from (缺席) school is that she is ill. ⭐ China is a country which has a long history. 25 Open your books and turn to Page 81. Let’s do Exercises 2 & 3. You can start now. in which in which for which 26 that/which where that when Let’s check the answers. 27 迁移创新 04 单击此处添加章节副标题 习题训练 单项选择 This is the book ______ I borrowed from the library yesterday. who B. which C. whose D. where 2.The girl ______ is standing at the door is my classmate. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose B C 习题训练 单项选择 3.I still remember the day ______ we first met at school. A. when B. that C. which D. where 4. This is the city ______ my parents have lived for 20 years. A. that B. which C. where D. why A C 习题训练 单项选择 5. He told me everything ______ he knew about the accident. A. which B. who C. that D. whom 6. The reason ______ she was late for class is that she missed the bus. A. which B. why C. that D. where C B 习题训练 单项选择 7.The man ______ we met at the party last night is a famous doctor. A. who B. which C. whose D. when 8.This is the same pen ______ I lost last week. A. as B. which C. who D. what A A 习题训练 填空题 The student ______ won the first prize is very hard-working. 2.This is the park ______ we had a picnic last weekend. 3.Do you know the woman ______ son is studying abroad? 4.The film ______ we watched last night was very moving. who/that where whose that/which 习题训练 填空题 5.He is the only person ______ can help you with this problem. 6.I don’t like the way ______ he speaks to others. 7.The company ______ my father works is a big international firm. 8.These are the letters ______ I received yesterday. that That/in which where that/which 习题训练 句型转换 1.She bought a new dress. The dress is made of silk. → The new dress ________________________ is made of silk. 2.We visited a village. The village has a long history. → The village ________________________ has a long history. that/which she bought that/which we visited 3. The boy is my cousin. He is playing basketball on the playground. → The boy ________________________ is my cousin. 4. I have a friend. Her father is a scientist. → I have a friend ________________________. who/that is playing basketball on the playground whose father is a scientist 回顾总结 05 关系词 先行词指代 关系词在句中所作成分 关系代词 that 人/物 主、宾、表 which 物 主、宾 who 人 主 whom 人 宾 whose 人/物 定 as 人/物 主、宾、表 关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 Let’s summarise. 38 考点速递 06 Language Points 1. Do you know the year when the Long March started? 翻译：你知道长征是从哪一年开始的吗？ 【知识点】： 核心语法：when 引导时间定语从句，修饰先行词 the year（表时间），在从句中作时间状语，相当于 in which。 完整改写：Do you know the year in which the Long March started? 考点：判断先行词为时间，且从句不缺主语 / 宾语，故用 when，而非 which/that。 2. Young people are fond of going to the cinema, where they can enjoy the latest movies. 翻译：年轻人喜欢去电影院，在那里他们可以欣赏最新的电影。 【知识点】： 核心语法：where 引导地点定语从句，修饰先行词 the cinema（表地点），在从句中作地点状语，相当于 in which。 逗号作用：非限制性定语从句，补充说明电影院的功能，不能用 that 替换 where。 搭配：be fond of doing sth.（喜欢做某事），the latest movies（最新电影）。 Language Points 3. China is a country which has a long history. 翻译：中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。 【知识点】： 核心语法：which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a country（表事物），在从句中作主语，也可用 that 替换。 对比：若从句缺主语 / 宾语，用 which/that；若缺时间 / 地点 / 原因状语，用 when/where/why。 拓展：has a long history 是描述国家 / 城市历史的常用表达。 Language Points 4. This is the factory where we watched the movie yesterday. 翻译：这就是我们昨天看电影的那家工厂。 【知识点】： 核心语法：where 可替换为 in which，即 This is the factory in which we watched the movie yesterday. 规则：where（地点状语）= 介词 + which，介词由先行词和从句动词搭配决定（watch the movie in the factory → in which）。 易错点：不能写成 This is the factory which we watched...（从句不缺宾语，which 无法作状语）。 随堂小练 07 点击开始抽奖 谢谢参与 what are you doing？ 用英语介绍下自己 What's the whetherlike today? 值日一周 再抽一次 读一篇课文 where are you come from？ Where did you go last night? 唱一首儿歌 Which fruit do you like best? 免写作业一次 家庭作业 08 单击此处添加章节副标题 Homework Write a 50-80 word paragraph about your favorite entertainment activity, using at least 2 attributive clauses. Rewrite 5 sentences using substitution rules. 1 2 Thank you for listening！ 202X/01/01 汇报人：WPS Lavf59.14.100 $