专题05 完形填空之说明文（题型专练）（山东专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题05 完形填空之说明文 内●容●导●航 第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局 题型概述 考向分类 技巧点拨 第二部分 考向突破 微观解剖，精细教学 考向01 词义辨析题 考向02 短语搭配题 考点03 逻辑关系题 考点04 代词代指题 第三部分 题型训练 整合应用，模拟实战 题●型●解●码 题型概述 山东中考英语完形填空为必考核心题型，占阅读总分约10%，题量为1篇短文，共10个空，每空1分，总分10-15分。部分地区会选择说明文，主题涉及科技、环保、健康、文化、教育等多个领域。文章内容通常是对某个事物、现象或概念的介绍、解释或说明，具有较强的知识性和客观性。篇幅约200-300词，重点考查实词的用法和意义，尤其是名词、动词、形容词的辨析。同时，也会涉及一些虚词，如介词、连词等，以体现文章的逻辑关系。对词汇的考查注重在语境中的运用，要求考生根据上下文理解词义。 考向分类 1.词汇辨析题：占比约40%，考查实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)的词义及用法辨析，需结合语境选择最恰当的词汇，是完形填空的核心考点。 2.语法运用题：占比约25%，考查固定搭配、时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、介词连词等语法知识，强调语言规则的灵活运用。 3.逻辑衔接题：占比约20%，考查上下文逻辑关系(转折、因果、递进、让步等)，需通过连接词、过渡语判断语篇脉络，合理推断选项。 4.语篇理解题：占比约15%，考查对文章主旨、作者意图、情感态度的整体把握，需结合上下文语境和故事发展逻辑进行综合判断。 技巧点拨 1. 利用逻辑关系解题 文章前后往往存在逻辑关系，表现为并列、选择、转折、递进、因果、让步、条件、解释等，这些关系是判断前后句子间语义联系的关键。 逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而确定正确选项。 2. 利用生活常识和文化背景解题 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者思路阅读下去。 3. 利用语义复现解题 复现是一种语境衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，我们可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。 4. 利用固定搭配或习惯用法解题 考●向●突●破 考向01 词义辨析题 【2025·青岛·中考】Do you remember the useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right” in English learning? They carry more 1 than the words themselves. In Chinese culture, we also have lots of similar useful expressions like “drinking ink (墨水)” and “An inch (寸) of time is worth an inch of gold”. A． suggestions B．chances C．meanings D．Promises 【2025·威海·中考】However, in nature, everything happens for a reason. Woodpeckers have long, sharp beaks which they use to make holes in trees to 22 tasty insects inside. Their special toes allow them to hold on tightly (紧紧地) as they bang their heads against trees. They also have a strong tail feather, which they use to keep their balance while they 23 . 22. A．smell B．watch C．find 23. A．sleep B．work C．Fly 考向02 短语搭配题 【2025·潍坊·中考】Many people are also 28 new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones. 28. A．crazy about B．worried about C．excited at D．disappointed at 【2024·潍坊·中考】Nearly all the things you buy from the supermarket are wrapped in something. 132(Even) fruit and vegetables are wrapped in plastic or in plastic bags. When we use these things, we usually 23 the packaging. 24. A．put up B．pick up C．give away D．throw away 考向03 逻辑关系题 【2025·潍坊·中考】 The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. 24 many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. 25. A．So B．Or C．As D．But 【2024·潍坊·中考】 In Germany some bottles are made from a type of plastic which breaks down in strong 20(sunlight) or when buried. 21 this is expensive and the bottles might break while they are being need. 21．A．Or B．So C．But D．And 考向04 代词指代题 【2023·潍坊·中考】 We use half of the rain water 22 falls over the earth. 22. A. it B．that C．this D．What 题●型●训●练 基础过关 （一） （2025·安徽·二模） Chinese porcelain (瓷器) , known as “china” in English, is one of China’s greatest inventions and also a symbol of Chinese culture. It has a 1 of over 3,000 years. Early porcelain developed from pottery (陶器), which was 2 around 8,000 years ago. How do people make porcelain? First, they get 3 like kaolin (a soft white clay) and porcelain stone. Then they 4 these materials into cups, vases (花瓶) , or other forms. After that, they heat them at a 5 temperature (usually over 700℃) —this makes porcelain strong and beautiful. Chinese porcelain has a great international influence. The English word “china” 6 its deep connection to the country. It was 7 along the Silk Road for a long time, attracting people with its beauty. It is 8 praised and loved around the world. And now, porcelain goes far beyond plates or 9 . It’s in spaceships, dentists’ tools, and even robot parts! This is porcelain, an artwork made 10 earth and fire and carried by waves and time. It’s true that porcelain is telling the world that Chinese can turn ordinary (平凡) into extraordinary (非凡). 1．A．size B．history C．number D．price 2．A．included B．increased C．invented D．interviewed 3．A．materials B．lines C．makers D．letters 4．A．lend B．hang C．cook D．shape 5．A．new B．short C．low D．high 6．A．regards B．refuses C．reflects D．reduces 7．A．forgotten B．traded C．listened D．taught 8．A．widely B．wisely C．cheaply D．early 9．A．baskets B．bags C．caps D．cups 10．A．of B．to C．from D．Up （二） （2025·山东济南·模拟预测） In China, people use the idiom loumajiao (“to reveal a horse’s footy”) to describe a situation in which a secret is revealed. There is a story 1 it. There was a time that women with small feet were believed to be more 2 . Then young girls would be asked to painfully bind (捆绑) their feet to prevent them from getting 3 . Empress Ma—wife of Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty 4 to bind her feet because she liked to practice martial arts (武术). So her feet grew larger than 5 women’s feet. After she became empress, Ma 6 her feet by wearing long gowns (长袍). One day, 7 she was sitting in a carriage near a busy street, a strong wind blew her gown up. Taken by surprise, she was not able to hide her feet 8 . Many people saw her feet and quickly 9 the word across the country. The idiom loumajiao comes from this story. However, research shows that loumajiao may have 10 come from a kind of ancient practice. The qilin is a mythical (虚构的) animal that 11 good luck. In ancient times, people 12 paint a “qilin skin” on a large piece of cloth and put it on a horse so that the horse would look like a qilin. 13 , the horse’s feet were hard to cover up and could easily be seen. Gradually, loumajiao came to 14 “revealing a secret”. In English, he idioms “spill (泼洒) the beans” or “let the cat out on the bag” have the 15 meaning. 1．A．under B．before C．behind D．among 2．A．beautiful B．comfortable C．convenient D．helpful 3．A．shorter B．smaller C．blacker D．bigger 4．A．planned B．refused C．failed D．managed 5．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 6．A．hid B．showed C．hurt D．kept 7．A．once B．though C．because D．when 8．A．on time B．by chance C．in time D．on purpose 9．A．copied B．spread C．gave D．learned 10．A．actually B．finally C．hardly D．exactly 11．A．depends on B．stands for C．focuses on D．lives to 12．A．should B．could C．must D．would 13．A．Also B．Instead C．Besides D．However 14．A．present B．meet C．mean D．decide 15．A．new B．special C．same D．different （三） （2025·山东淄博·二模） In our daily life, we often set many alarms to wake ourselves up for fear of oversleeping. But in fact, this can do 1 to our health because it makes sleep quality poorer according to a recent study. A good sleep happens in cycles, according to Medical News Today. Each cycle has 2 stages. During stage one, we go into a light sleep. Our body 3 and our heartbeat slows. 4 we fall deeper into sleep, stage two begins. Our eyes stop moving and our body temperature drops. Then comes the third stage which is the 5 sleep, and also the hardest for people to wake up from. Last is the fourth stage, 6 as rapid eye movement sleep, or REM sleep. Our eyes move rapidly from side to side during this stage. At the same time, our breathing 7 and our heartbeat rises. REM sleep is very 8 because most of our dreams take place during it. This allows our brain to process emotions. REM sleep also helps the brain turn the new knowledge got during the day into 9 . When we get enough REM sleep, it is easier to focus on studying the next day. Since REM sleep 10 takes place in the last hours of a night’s sleep, it is a bad idea to disrupt (打扰) it with alarms ringing one after another. So people should set one alarm and try alarms that use light, not sound, to wake them up. 1．A．good B．harm C．worry D．wonder 2．A．two B．three C．four D．five 3．A．relaxes B．changes C．cheers D．moves 4．A．Because B．Until C．If D．As 5．A．quietest B．quickest C．deepest D．worst 6．A．known B．compared C．praised D．served 7．A．takes up B．picks up C．puts up D．gives up 8．A．interesting B．important C．difficult D．regular 9．A．memories B．methods C．skills D．choices 10．A．suddenly B．finally C．nearly D．mostly （四） （2025·山东枣庄·模拟预测） Everyone needs exercise. Do you often do exercise? We all know that exercise is good for people’s health. Sports are great ways to exercise. They can help us to keep 1 . Our parents and teachers need to exercise. After 2 long hours, exercise is 3 for them. They can take a walk, go to swim and play ball games. They can do some easy exercise at home 4 yoga (瑜伽). Exercise is useful to children, too. It can make 5 healthy and clever. Then we can do well in our subjects. Here are some easy ways to exercise. You can walk, run or only jump. Walking or 6 to school is also good exercise. And it’s easy for you to do that. What’s more, if you eat more but don’t exercise, you can be 7 . That’s terrible, right? But you need to know what you are doing and why you are doing it. Don’t exercise too much. Try different sports and get one you 8 best. Then do it often. You can also exercise in the school club or at the gym. Exercise is fun. It can make you 9 . You can exercise with friends and have a great time. 10 be sure to exercise every day. And then you can be happy, healthy and clever. 1．A．healthy B．big C．quiet D．delicious 2．A．studying B．working C．sleeping D．playing 3．A．relax B．to relax C．relaxed D．relaxing 4．A．for B．with C．of D．like 5．A．her B．us C．him D．you 6．A．fighting B．driving C．practicing D．riding 7．A．heavy B．important C．cool D．thin 8．A．ask B．join C．love D．make 9．A．happy B．funny C．busy D．short 10．A．Never B．Sometimes C．Also D．Always （五） （2025·山东菏泽·三模） What is your zodiac animal (生肖动物)? In Chinese culture, there are 1 zodiac animals showing different years. Do you know why the twelve zodiac animals are in their fixed order from Rat to Pig? In the story, the order was decided by an exciting river-crossing 2 . Long long ago, people didn’t know how to 3 time, and even the Jade Emperor (玉帝) himself wasn’t sure how old he was. He wanted to find a way to tell time. So he decided to have a river-crossing race. All the animals were 4 , and the first twelve animals to finish the race would have a year named after them. At that time, Cat and Rat were good 5 . After hearing the news, they decided to go together. Cat had a habit of waking up late, so he asked Rat to wake him up on the race morning. On the day of the race, Rat 6 very early. He was very excited. He ran straight to the race. He forgot all about Cat! Rat met Ox (牛) along the way. He asked Ox 7 he could carry him across the river. Ox agreed and Rat jumped onto his back. However, when they were about 8 the finish line, Rat jumped off Ox and landed first, becoming the first animal to finish the race, while Ox came in second. Next, Tiger swam 9 and arrived in the third place. Then came Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, and Pig. Rat walked home with the first prize. Cat saw Rat with the prize and got very 10 . Rat did not wake him! That is why cats have been running after rats ever since. 1．A．ten B．twelve C．fourteen 2．A．race B．show C．class 3．A．ask B．see C．tell 4．A．invited B．refused C．remembered 5．A．classmates B．friends C．brothers 6．A．fell asleep B．looked up C．woke up 7．A．if B．how C．when 8．A．bring B．reach C．get 9．A．slowly B．deeply C．quickly 10．A．angry B．happy C．Relaxed （六） （2025·江苏南京·二模） If it were not for a TV show, Fu Sheng, a scholar (学者) who lived during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, may have remained a stranger to us. If it were not for this scholar, we may have never had the chance to enjoy the great book Shangshu, 1 of the “five classics” of Confucianism (儒学). The TV show is China in the classics, a wonderful program presented by CCTV. In its first episode (剧集), the scholar’s story was turned 2 a stage play. After watching it, people not only showed great interest, 3 were deeply moved by an ordinary man’s strength and efforts to protect and pass on a country’s culture. It was not an 4 task for Tian Qinxin, head of the National Theater of China and the art director of the show, to turn an ancient classic into a one-hour stage show. 5 , he made it and the show received high praise from people. The 11-episode show features (以……为特色) one classic Chinese book in each episode, letting old history 6 with modern expressions. It 7 by young people and makes classics “alive”. Its 8 shows the charm (魅力) of creativity. “Through the classics, we can see the foundations (基础) of modern China,” said Tian. “No matter how the human history has developed, they 9 have a great influence on us. The classics remind us not to forget our past and explain 10 our cultural confidence comes from.” 1．A．one B．all C．some D．any 2．A．at B．for C．into D．with 3．A．nor B．or C．and D．but 4．A．easy B．exciting C．interesting D．important 5．A．Also B．However C．So D．Besides 6．A．shake hands B．have trouble C．end up D．get angry 7．A．is cut B．is locked C．is enjoyed D．is forgotten 8．A．danger B．service C．question D．popularity 9．A．still B．never C．sometimes D．hardly 10．A．that B．when C．where D．which （七） （2025·山东聊城·三模） We often see Superman in American movies. It is one of the 1 of American culture. As we all know Sun Wukong is like China’s “Superman”. Last year, a new game called Black Myth: Wukong, came out and it’s from the story of the Monkey King. Black Myth: Wukong is the first 3A Chinese game. In it, players play as a 2 just like Sun Wukong. When playing, they can see temples like Foguang Temple and Xuankong Temple. They are all 3 places in Shanxi, China. And you can visit them in Shanxi when you are free, just like in the game. The temple art surprises players. 4 , the game may be hard for some players to understand, especially for foreigners. That’s because there is lots of Chinese culture and 5 in it. 6 , to play better, the players must study a lot. When the players play the game and get to know about it, they are deeply 7 by Wukong and the story of Journey to the West. An American player said, “Different from Superman, Wukong is not only brave but also 8 . He doesn’t follow all rules, but still save the people in danger.” The game is a great 9 , reaching a new height in China’s games and bringing people of different cultures together. It also works as a 10 for people all around the world to learn about wonderful Chinese culture. 1．A．actors B．symbols C．choices 2．A．magician B．traveler C．hero 3．A．absent B．real C．scary 4．A．Certainly B．Normally C．However 5．A．history B．games C．characters 6．A．But B．And C．So 7．A．changed B．touched C．polished 8．A．proud B．kind C．crazy 9．A．business B．example C．success 10．A．window B．hole C．wall 能力进阶 （一） （2025·山东潍坊·三模） Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch (荷兰的) artist. His large sculptures (雕塑) are welcomed all over the world. He often looks for 1 from different things. One way he gets ideas is from his children’s toys. These toys have helped him to 2 his animal sculptures, such as the well-known Rubber Duck. The idea of Hofman’s another work—Floating Fish 3 old Chinese stories. He was especially 4 in the old story about a fish jumping over the “Dragon Gate”. 5 he visited Wuzhen, he saw how people lived there. “I 6 in the town for days and saw people feed the fish. I also saw some fish sculptures on the wall,” he said. These sights made him come up with the idea for Floating Fish. Hofman seriously created Floating Fish. He wanted it to show the beauty of Chinese 7 .   Now, the amazing fish sculpture is 8 in Wuzhen. It draws many people’s attention. People are amazed by its size and the story 9 it. Florentijn Hofman’s sculptures are not only interesting but also 10 . They bring different cultures together. Through his works, he shows the world many wonderful stories from different places and lets people think about the connection between art and culture. 1．A．ideas B．stories C．thanks D．answers 2．A．search B．clear C．create D．keep 3．A．looked like B．came from C．depended on D．talked with 4．A．interested B．successful C．weak D．rich 5．A．Whether B．If C．Since D．When 6．A．stayed B．forgot C．left D．returned 7．A．language B．culture C．nature D．music 8．A．thrown B．placed C．sold D．broken 9．A．against B．along C．behind D．above 10．A．common B．meaningful C．simple D．cheap （二） （2025·山东淄博·二模） It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is—1. 48‰.   China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has drawn a great deal of attention. Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate? First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 3 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and other needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. 4 , the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), 5 may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth. Second, it will make a 6 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the hope of family. However, this idea is 7 now. More and more people prefer to have 8 children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). 9 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the education and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development. Now the government and society should take action to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 10 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障). 1．A．larger B．largest C．most D．more 2．A．up B．by C．down D．off 3．A．bring B．take C．get D．fetch 4．A．Besides B．In fact C．However D．Instead 5．A．which B．that C．who D．what 6．A．decision B．difference C．role D．survey 7．A．making B．thinking C．changing D．coming 8．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 9．A．While B．Since C．Whether D．If 10．A．Actually B．Just C．Only D．Finally （三） （2025·山东聊城·三模） Shanghai began its fight against indoor smoking some years ago. The city has now taken further action. It 1 to stop people smoking in outdoor public spaces. On December 11, the local government passed new 2 for this. It lists some anti-smoking measures (禁烟措施). Several types of public spaces are 3 to carry them out. Take, for example, tourist sites (景点) and restaurants across the city. They will have to add anti-smoking signs to waiting areas. They need to train their 4 workers to help with the work. These workers will carry out the duty to remind people to 5 smoking. The metro stations (地铁站) must also 6 “no smoking” signs outside all entrances (入口). Workers inside the station will have to pay much attention to 7 public areas. This is to make sure that passengers follow the rules. The city will also organize a team of 8 to help with the anti-smoking work. Shanghai wants to turn itself into a smoke-free city. It has a three-step 9 for this. It began with stopping indoor smoking. Now the second step is to stop smoking in outdoor public spaces. Finally, it will 10 allow smoking in a small number of areas. Therefore, I hope all the smokers can give up smoking for themselves and also for the people around them. 1．A．belongs B．listens C．aims 2．A．rules B．exams C．roads 3．A．argued B．required C．controlled 4．A．responsible B．impossible C．comfortable 5．A．continue B．complete C．avoid 6．A．clean up B．set up C．cut up 7．A．its B．his C．their 8．A．volunteers B．doctors C．scientists 9．A．speech B．disease C．plan 10．A．sadly B．only C．loudly （四） （2025·山东淄博·二模） Have you ever seen drones in the sky? What can they be used for? Can they only be used for taking fantastic photos? Can a small group of drones make railways 1 , and at the same time, help railway companies save money? That is the 2 of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that railways are safe for trains. Drones 3 used to check power lines already. They could do the same thing to check railway lines and other important things 4 the correct position of the railway and turning points. The 5 they can be checked, the more railway safety, reliability (可靠性) and on-time performance (准点率) will be improved. Operations would be more efficient (有效的) and 6 would be cut. That includes huge savings and better protection of railway workers’ safety. It is said that European railways 7 spend around 20 billion euros a year on that, because they often send workers to check and 8 the railway at night. That can be dangerous work without the help of drones. By using the latest technologies, drones 9 could provide higher-value services for railways, explore mistakes in the railway before causing any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new idea. Very small drones with AI will travel ahead of the train and guide it 10 drivers. With their ability to see ahead, they could find any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react (反应) in time. 1．A．clean B．safe C．lively D．attractive 2．A．present B．past C．moment D．future 3．A．were being B．have been C．will be D．can be 4．A．for example B．as for C．such as D．as well as 5．A．more often B．more slowly C．more quickly D．more suddenly 6．A．costs B．prices C．railways D．stations 7．A．only B．lonely C．alone D．single 8．A．build B．wash C．break D．repair 9．A．they B．themselves C．it D．itself 10．A．for B．with C．without D．under （五） （2025·吉林·中考） Yesterday was the Mid-Autumn Festival. I went out to 1 the celebrations with my best friend, Liu Lin. We saw a wonderful 2 on the Central Square. Liu Lin told me it was called Datiehua (打铁花), a traditional art in China. When the 3 came, a man scooped up the molten iron (舀起熔化的铁) and threw it into the sky. At the same time, the other man hit it hard with a board. This brought a shower of sparks (火花). It was beautiful and it 4 like fireworks (烟花). The whole square was bright 5 the sparks were shining in the night sky. All the people couldn’t help cheering for the two 6 . Liu Lin told me that Datiehua had a 7 history. It started in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the past, fireworks were too expensive for people, so they 8 Datiehua. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, it got 9 . People considered it as a sign of good luck. As time goes 10 , Datiehua has been a tradition in some areas in China. I’m proud that we Chinese people are so clever that we have made so many fantastic things. 1．A．stop B．enjoy C．change 2．A．show B．sale C．speech 3．A．afternoon B．morning C．night 4．A．smelled B．looked C．tasted 5．A．though B．unless C．when 6．A．men B．women C．children 7．A．modern B．long C．fresh 8．A．created B．grew C．fixed 9．A．boring B．deep C．popular 10．A．off B．by C．up （六） （2025·上海宝山·一模） Watching football and working in the garden are the favourite hobbies in Britain. People, young or old, all love gardening very much. That’s why Britain is called “a country of flowers”. It is quite 1 to see a small garden in almost every family. If you praise the owners for their beautiful gardens, they will feel very delighted all day long. Gardening has become an important way of life in Britain. Newspapers, magazines and TV offer many special programmes. They often share useful 2 and nice designs with interested gardeners, or invite famous gardeners to answer their questions. Besides, there are competitions of different 3 across the country, from small community ones to big world events. They attract millions of gardeners. To help children develop interest in gardening, there are special competitions for kids, too. The British like to 4 gardening stories with their traditional culture. Gardening has long been a part of British traditional stories and books. A well-kept garden is a symbol of order, beauty and peace. Those are important ideas for British people. The stories often describe gardens as quiet and special places full of tradition. They also show a cultural belief — taking good care of the land is an important 5 for everyone. In 2000, the British government started the Eden (伊甸园) Project in Cornwall, England. Now it is a home of various kinds of plants and flowers around the world. In fact, it is famous as the world’s largest greenhouse. In 2002, a book called The Garden: An English Love Affair was published. It talked about Britain’s long gardening history and 6 much public attention. The author cleverly wrote about gardening in British historical stories, telling this old and interesting life style in a vivid way. Gardening is like love. If watered and cut with care, the flowers of love will grow well forever. 1．A．boring B．common C．impossible D．strange 2．A．skills B．texts C．tools D．pictures 3．A．subjects B．sizes C．numbers D．ages 4．A．exchange B．replace C．connect D．provide 5．A．plan B．responsibility C．hope D．suggestion 6．A．lost B．paid C．reduced D．caught （七） （2025·陕西·二模） You may notice that horses 1 in many Chinese idioms. These horse-related sayings offer fascinating glimpses (一瞥) into Chinese culture and ancient 2 . “A horse that covers a thousand miles” is perhaps the most famous horse idiom. It describes 3 with amazing talent or potential (潜能). Chinese parents often use this phrase to 4 their children, hoping they’ll become “thousand-mile horses” who achieve great things. The idiom comes from ancient times when people believed 5 legendary (传奇的) horses could run 1,000 miles in a single day. “A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another meaning to this idea. 6 talented people (“swift horses”) might be common, good leaders who can 7 talent (“good riders”) are uncommon. This saying reminds us that having talent isn’t enough-you need someone who 8 you and gives you opportunities. “Ride a horse while looking for a better one” describes someone who keeps searching for better chances while 9 their present situation. Chinese people use this idiom to describe practical, ambitious (有抱负的) people who never stop 10 themselves. “An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom that comes with 11 . Just as an old horse remembers the safest paths through mountains, experienced people can guide others through difficult situations. This idiom shows that Chinese 12 the elders and their plenty of knowledge. “A painted horse won’t run” warns against valuing appearance over substance (实质). No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never gallop (驰骋). 13 , beautiful promises without real action are worthless. This idiom teaches Chinese to value practical results over 14 words. These horse idioms show how ancient Chinese people observed (观察) horses’ strength, speed, and intelligence, turning these observations into timeless 15 about human - nature and success. 1．A．appear B．disappear C．discuss D．keep 2．A．palace B．wonder C．victory D．wisdom 3．A．everyone B．someone C．anyone D．no one 4．A．allow B．encourage C．suppose D．imagine 5．A．general B．certain C．normal D．common 6．A．Since B．If C．Although D．When 7．A．discover B．train C．understand D．serve 8．A．agrees with B．cares for C．depends on D．believes in 9．A．failing B．dividing C．managing D．refusing 10．A．regarding B．to regard C．improving D．to improve 11．A．ability B．memory C．experience D．honor 12．A．record B．respect C．remind D．require 13．A．Simply B．Exactly C．Properly D．Similarly 14．A．empty B．correct C．real D．helpful 15．A．popularity B．lessons C．protection D．levels 真题实战 （一） （2025·山东青岛·中考） Do you remember the useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right” in English learning? They carry more 1 than the words themselves. In Chinese culture, we also have lots of similar useful expressions like “drinking ink (墨水)” and “An inch (寸) of time is worth an inch of gold”. “Drinking ink” is a common expression to show that a person is 2 . Is there anyone who really drinks ink? It could be true in Chinese history. During the Northern Qi Dynasty, those who 3 very badly in the exam would be punished by drinking one liter (升) of ink. Even if they were found to have poor handwriting or make up something terrible, they would be taken into a special room to drink ink. The rule was accepted by the following dynasties. Nowadays, this expression is 4 used to describe people’s ways of receiving education or their level of education. For example, “drinking foreign ink” means one has studied overseas. “Drinking little ink” means a 5 level of education. sundial “An inch of time is worth an inch of gold” means that an inch of time has the same 6 as an inch of gold. It is also the first half of a saying, “An inch of time is worth an inch of gold, but an inch of time cannot be bought 7 an inch of gold”. In ancient times, time was measured (测量) by inches because people used the sundial as a time-keeping tool. It is made of a flat and 8 plate on which time degrees are shown. As the sun moves from rising to setting, the length of the gnomon’s shadow changes from long to short and short to long. This is 9 the sundial tells time. Language cannot be separated from culture. Language learning can help us 10 understand the cultures behind the countries and communicate more with the people from different countries. 11．A．suggestions B．chances C．meanings D．promises 12．A．expected B．educated C．remembered D．missed 13．A．performed B．planned C．guessed D．prepared 14．A．quietly B．quickly C．widely D．suddenly 15．A．low B．basic C．normal D．perfect 16．A．size B．value C．standard D．shape 17．A．for B．from C．in D．with 18．A．long B．round C．square D．deep 19．A．where B．when C．why D．how 20．A．harder B．less C．better D．worse （二） （2025·山东潍坊·中考） In the past, most people worked on their feet and moved their bodies all day, so they had lots of exercise. They also mostly ate 1 foods like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat. Today, many people 2 in front of a computer all day at work and often eat a lot of sweet foods, or foods that are made in factories. This can be a big 3 to their health. The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. 4 many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. Not exercising, or eating unhealthy food, can sometimes cause 5 dangerous disease—diabetes (糖尿病). When someone has diabetes, there is too much 6 in their blood. In the last twenty years, more and more people have died 7 diabetes—and almost 10% of the world’s population now has this disease. Many people are also 8 new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones. When people stay for too long in front of a computer, they can 9 get problems with their eyes, arms, necks, and backs. And when they use computers and cell phones at night, it is often more difficult for them to 10 . Some scientists also think that cell phones may cause health problems because of a kind of energy which they produce called radiation (辐射). 1．A．fast B．natural C．delicious D．expensive 2．A．sit B．lie C．play D．stand 3．A．risk B．ache C．accident D．disadvantage 4．A．So B．Or C．As D．But 5．A．one B．other C．another D．the other 6．A．water B．sugar C．salt D．waste 7．A．in B．on C．of D．for 8．A．crazy about B．worried about C．excited at D．disappointed at 9．A．hardly B．nearly C．clearly D．easily 10．A．sleep B．wake C．breathe D．escape （三） （2025·黑龙江·中考） Heilongjiang province is a barn (粮仓) of China. It has rich 1 for plants to grow. The farmers sow (播撒) seeds (种子) in spring and have a harvest in 2 . Do you know that a seed has its 3 identity card (身份证)? In our country, there is a seed 4 in Beijing. It collects all kinds of seeds from 5 places. When seeds first come in, they each get a number for 6 “physical examination”. Some workers put all kinds of seeds 7 different farms together. Then, they divide them into 8 according to the seeds’ looks. Next, workers check the seeds to 9 sure they’re healthy. A worker at the seed bank showed a seed that had a large insect 10 it. “A seed like this should not be 11 ,” he said. After that, workers test the good ones, they use the results to predict their 12 . They dry and weigh the best seeds after several 13 . Next, they keep the seeds 14 in a fridge at -18℃. With all these done, the seeds now have their identities. It is a good 15 to protect the safety of plants. Even though there is a natural disaster on the farm, the seeds won’t die out. 1．A．sand B．soil C．stones 2．A．seasons B．autumn C．winter 3．A．other B．half C．own 4．A．bank B．office C．school 5．A．same B．similar C．different 6．A．its B．their C．them 7．A．from B．with C．to 8．A．groups B．lessons C．pieces 9．A．have B．take C．make 10．A．inside B．outside C．beside 11．A．known B．broken C．saved 12．A．height B．growth C．weight 13．A．tests B．meets C．goals 14．A．cool B．cold C．warm 15．A．dream B．day C．way （四） （2025·福建·中考） Wen Yan is a doctor of China Medical Team to Africa. She often thought of the fight to 1 Beauty, a baby who was born with only 800 grams. She had weak lungs (肺) and could hardly breathe. It was believed that she couldn’t live long in a hospital 2 necessary equipment (设备). “But even with the smallest chance, my team and I had to try our best,” said Wen. To keep the baby 3 , Wen coated Beauty with a soft cloth. The most dangerous moment arrived when Beauty’s heart beat only 30 times a minute. Wen stayed close to Beauty to 4 her for almost five hours. 5 , Beauty was able to breathe by herself. By the time of her leaving hospital over two months later, Beauty weighed 2,050 grams. The medical team and her family 6 the great moment with laughter and tears. Beauty’s mother held Wen’s hands and said, “I want my daughter to be a doctor like you.” During her stay in Africa, Wen helped thousands of 7 . Wen traveled to faraway villages under a burning hot sun. 8 she often felt tired after long traveling, she had no time to take a rest, because the local people were lining up for help. They endlessly expressed their 9 for her efforts. Besides saving lives, Wen’s team also 10 local doctors and nurses every week to better their skills. 1．A．wake B．dress C．save 2．A．short of B．filled with C．famous for 3．A．clever B．warm C．lovely 4．A．look after B．play with C．talk about 5．A．Clearly B．Finally C．Certainly 6．A．celebrated B．forgot C．held 7．A．travelers B．patients C．volunteers 8．A．Unless B．As C．Though 9．A．interests B．ideas C．thanks 10．A．called B．trained C．ordered （五） （2024·山西·中考） A man couldn’t stand up for two years. Beinao-1 sends small electrical signals (信号) to his 1 . After using it, he is able to take some small steps with others’ help. A woman had trouble speaking. When she thinks of words in her mind, Beinao-1 turns her thoughts into text on a screen. Now she 2 “talk” to her family again. Beinao-1 is a breakthrough (突破) that Chinese scientists have made. With it, they have 3 helped several disabled people start to move and speak again, giving them a new chance at life. Beinao-1 uses a thin and soft electrode sheet. It can fit the brain comfortably. 4 it is put on the brain’s surface, it receives signals and sends them out. There’s also a small wireless device that can receive and translate the signals for a smart machine. 5 this “translator”, the machine can understand the thoughts from the brain and act. For example, if a disabled person thinks “I want to drink water”, a robotic arm can 6 a cup, fill it with water, lift it carefully to the person’s mouth, and finally put it back. In this way, Beinao-1 helps disabled people 7 things by thoughts. Beinao-1 is China’s completely self-developed technology. It has broken the world record in its field. It shows that China has become more 8 in high technology. We believe China will continue to lead the world in technology development. 1．A．ears B．legs C．hands 2．A．can B．must C．should 3．A．secretly B．politely C．successfully 4．A．When B．Unless C．Although 5．A．To B．With C．About 6．A．pick up B．take away C．give out 7．A．believe B．control C．protect 8．A．beautiful B．peaceful C．powerful （六） （2024·安徽合肥·二模） Sports and games are lots of fun. Imagine playing soccer with your friends. The main thing is to score goals. When you 1 the ball into the net (球网), it feels great. Each goal gives your team a 2 . When your team gets higher points, your team wins the game. Sometimes your team might win, and sometimes it might lose, but it’s always 3 to play. In a big game, like an important match, teams try very hard to win. Players need to work together to find the best 4 to score. To help the team play better and work together, a good 5 is important. He or she can give players advice and make sure everyone works as a team. Players with great talent and lots of practice are more likely to succeed. If you’re really skilled, you might even score the winning goal that makes your team get the top 6 ! Watching games is fun too. Fans go to the sports field, so they can 7 loudly for their favorite team. Sometimes, if a player is 8 , the coach will let another player take their place. In sports, it’s important to play well with others and listen to your coach. 9 is also very important. Whether it’s soccer, basketball, or any other sport, the 10 you play, the better you’ll get. So get a ball, invite your friends, and have fun playing sports! Remember, every game is a chance to learn and grow. 1．A．kick B．throw C．hit D．pass 2．A．record B．point C．game D．net 3．A．exciting B．difficult C．famous D．tiring 4．A．rule B．action C．chance D．reason 5．A．customer B．parent C．pilot D．coach 6．A．prize B．name C．seat D．list 7．A．sing B．cheer C．ask D．read 8．A．happy B．angry C．tired D．busy 9．A．Luck B．Teamwork C．Health D．Practice 10．A．later B．sooner C．earlier D．more （七） （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测） The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala presented a wonderful show 1 WuBOT. It became one of the most popular programs this year. In the snow, humanoid (人形的) robots performed traditional Chinese kung fu 2 young martial artists. These robots were developed by Unitree Technology, a top Chinese robot company. The Unitree G1 robots can do 3 movements, such as drunken boxing (醉拳) and nunchaku (双节棍). They 4 on stage with students from Tagou Martial Arts School. 5 high-precision (高精密度的) control and stable motion (稳定运动) design, the robots move smoothly and work well with humans. The robots have made great 6 in just one year. In the 2025 gala, they could only do simple group dances. But this year, they 7 complete difficult and complex kung fu moves easily. This shows China’s robot control technology is developing 8 . WuBOT is not just a fun performance. It 9 traditional culture and modern technology in a creative way. It also shows the world the rapid rise of China’s humanoid robots. In the future, such robots will be 10 used in education, public services and daily life. 1．A．named B．watched C．needed D．liked 2．A．for B．with C．about D．by 3．A．easy B．simple C．difficult D．boring 4．A．performed B．fought C．discussed D．agreed 5．A．Instead of B．Thanks to C．As for D．According to 6．A．trouble B．danger C．progress D．time 7．A．must B．should C．need D．could 8．A．slowly B．rapidly C．hardly D．carefully 9．A．compares B．introduces C．shares D．mixes 10．A．widely B．politely C．loudly D．bravely （八） （2025·福建厦门·模拟预测） In Shanghai, a new ice cream shop has recently become famous for its new food: ice creams made 1 traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). There are a lot of different 2 for you to choose from. Workers in the shop said that they use ice cream as the 3 part and add only a few herbal ingredients (草本成分) to improve the taste. The TCM ice cream has become popular 4 . The topic about it on Sina Weibo has received more than 50 million views and 10,000 comments (评论). Some people 5 whether these ice creams mixed with traditional Chinese medicine are safe enough, because they don’t know if they are good for health. However, others show their 6 . “I’m not afraid of putting on some weight after eating this kind of ice cream,” a Weibo user said. The rise of TCM ice cream shows that traditional Chinese medicine has become the popular ingredient of 7 food products. Today, young people place more importance on 8 and cultural confidence. 9 , the mixture of traditional Chinese medicine with modern foods is getting more and more popular in China. From herbal tea to these ice creams, traditional Chinese medicine is making its mark in our 10 habits. 1．A．from B．by C．in 2．A．tastes B．prices C．feelings 3．A．none B．main C．top 4．A．station B．online C．railway 5．A．believe B．think C．doubt 6．A．worries B．interest C．sadness 7．A．traditional B．modern C．local 8．A．health B．money C．power 9．A．As a result B．At the end of C．At that moment 10．A．shopping B．working C．eating 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 完形填空之说明文 内●容●导●航 第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局 题型概述 考向分类 技巧点拨 第二部分 考向突破 微观解剖，精细教学 考向01 词义辨析题 考向02 短语搭配题 考点03 逻辑关系题 考点04 代词代指题 第三部分 题型训练 整合应用，模拟实战 题●型●解●码 题型概述 山东中考英语完形填空为必考核心题型，占阅读总分约10%，题量为1篇短文，共10个空，每空1分，总分10-15分。部分地区会选择说明文，主题涉及科技、环保、健康、文化、教育等多个领域。文章内容通常是对某个事物、现象或概念的介绍、解释或说明，具有较强的知识性和客观性。篇幅约200-300词，重点考查实词的用法和意义，尤其是名词、动词、形容词的辨析。同时，也会涉及一些虚词，如介词、连词等，以体现文章的逻辑关系。对词汇的考查注重在语境中的运用，要求考生根据上下文理解词义。 考向分类 1.词汇辨析题：占比约40%，考查实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)的词义及用法辨析，需结合语境选择最恰当的词汇，是完形填空的核心考点。 2.语法运用题：占比约25%，考查固定搭配、时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、介词连词等语法知识，强调语言规则的灵活运用。 3.逻辑衔接题：占比约20%，考查上下文逻辑关系(转折、因果、递进、让步等)，需通过连接词、过渡语判断语篇脉络，合理推断选项。 4.语篇理解题：占比约15%，考查对文章主旨、作者意图、情感态度的整体把握，需结合上下文语境和故事发展逻辑进行综合判断。 技巧点拨 1. 利用逻辑关系解题 文章前后往往存在逻辑关系，表现为并列、选择、转折、递进、因果、让步、条件、解释等，这些关系是判断前后句子间语义联系的关键。 逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而确定正确选项。 2. 利用生活常识和文化背景解题 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者思路阅读下去。 3. 利用语义复现解题 复现是一种语境衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，我们可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。 4. 利用固定搭配或习惯用法解题 考●向●突●破 考向01 词义辨析题 【2025·青岛·中考】Do you remember the useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right” in English learning? They carry more 1 than the words themselves. In Chinese culture, we also have lots of similar useful expressions like “drinking ink (墨水)” and “An inch (寸) of time is worth an inch of gold”. A． suggestions B．chances C．meanings D．Promises 【答案】1．C 【解析】本文通过“喝墨水”和“一寸光阴一寸金”两个中文习语，讲述了语言背后的文化故事。 1．句意：它们所承载的意义超过了词语本身。 suggestions建议；chances机会；meanings意义；promises承诺。根据“They carry more...than the words themselves”可知这些习语所承载的意义远不止于字面本身。故选C。 【2025·威海·中考】However, in nature, everything happens for a reason. Woodpeckers have long, sharp beaks which they use to make holes in trees to 22 tasty insects inside. Their special toes allow them to hold on tightly (紧紧地) as they bang their heads against trees. They also have a strong tail feather, which they use to keep their balance while they 23 . 22. A．smell B．watch C．find 23．A．sleep B．work C．fly 【答案】22．C 23．B 22．句意：啄木鸟有着长而锐利的喙，它们用这个喙在树木上凿洞，以寻找里面美味的昆虫。 smell闻；watch观看；find找到。根据“tasty insects inside”可知，是指啄木鸟用喙在树上凿洞以找到里面的昆虫。故选C。 23．句意：它们还拥有强健的尾羽，这有助于它们在工作时保持平衡。 sleep睡觉；work工作；fly飞。根据“They also have a strong tail feather, which they use to keep their balance while they ...”可知，啄木鸟的尾羽是帮助它们在工作时，也即是啄树时保持平衡。故选B。 考向02 短语搭配题 【2025·潍坊·中考】Many people are also 28 new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones. 28. A．crazy about B．worried about C．excited at D．disappointed at 【答案】B 【解析】本文通过对比古今生活方式，分析了现代生活中久坐、饮食不健康和电子设备使用等对健康的危害。 28．句意：许多人还对电脑和手机所引发的新健康问题感到担忧。 crazy about 对……疯狂；worried about 担心；excited at对……兴奋；disappointed at 对……失望。根据“new health problems”可知，对健康问题应该感到担忧，故选B。 【2024·潍坊·中考】Nearly all the things you buy from the supermarket are wrapped in something. 132(Even) fruit and vegetables are wrapped in plastic or in plastic bags. When we use these things, we usually 23 the packaging. 23. A．put up B．pick up C．give away D．throw away 【答案】D 【解析】本文主要介绍了塑料包装的广泛使用及其对环境的影响，并提出了一些减少塑料使用的方法。 句意：当我们使用这些东西时，我们通常会扔掉包装。 put up举起；pick up捡起；give away赠送；throw away扔掉。根据“When we use these things”可知，使用东西时包装得扔掉。故选D。 考向03 逻辑关系题 【2025·潍坊·中考】 The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. 24 many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. 24. A．So B．Or C．As D．But 【答案】D 【解析】本文通过对比古今生活方式，分析了现代生活中久坐、饮食不健康和电子设备使用等对健康的危害。 句意：但是很多这样的死亡本可以避免。 So 所以；Or 或者；As 因为；But 但是。“many of these deaths need not happen”与前文是转折关系，故选D。 【2024·潍坊·中考】 In Germany some bottles are made from a type of plastic which breaks down in strong 20(sunlight) or when buried. 21 this is expensive and the bottles might break while they are being need. 21．A．Or B．So C．But D．And 【答案】C 【解析】句意：但这是昂贵的，并且瓶子可能在使用时破裂。 Or或者；So所以；But但是；And和。前后两句表示转折关系，用but连接。故选C。 考向04 代词指代题 【2023·潍坊·中考】 We use half of the rain water 22 falls over the earth. 22. A. it B．that C．this D．What 【答案】B 【解析】本文主要介绍了供水的过程，水循环的过程以及在一些地区饮用水短缺的情况。 22. 句意：我们用掉了地球上一半的雨水。 it它；that那个；this这个；what什么。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词rain water是指物，在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句，故选B。 题●型●训●练 基础过关 （一） （2025·安徽·二模） Chinese porcelain (瓷器) , known as “china” in English, is one of China’s greatest inventions and also a symbol of Chinese culture. It has a 1 of over 3,000 years. Early porcelain developed from pottery (陶器), which was 2 around 8,000 years ago. How do people make porcelain? First, they get 3 like kaolin (a soft white clay) and porcelain stone. Then they 4 these materials into cups, vases (花瓶) , or other forms. After that, they heat them at a 5 temperature (usually over 700℃) —this makes porcelain strong and beautiful. Chinese porcelain has a great international influence. The English word “china” 6 its deep connection to the country. It was 7 along the Silk Road for a long time, attracting people with its beauty. It is 8 praised and loved around the world. And now, porcelain goes far beyond plates or 9 . It’s in spaceships, dentists’ tools, and even robot parts! This is porcelain, an artwork made 10 earth and fire and carried by waves and time. It’s true that porcelain is telling the world that Chinese can turn ordinary (平凡) into extraordinary (非凡). 1．A．size B．history C．number D．price 2．A．included B．increased C．invented D．interviewed 3．A．materials B．lines C．makers D．letters 4．A．lend B．hang C．cook D．shape 5．A．new B．short C．low D．high 6．A．regards B．refuses C．reflects D．reduces 7．A．forgotten B．traded C．listened D．taught 8．A．widely B．wisely C．cheaply D．early 9．A．baskets B．bags C．caps D．cups 10．A．of B．to C．from D．up 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国瓷器的历史、制作工艺及其国际影响力。 1．句意：中国瓷器有超过3000年的历史。 size尺寸；history历史；number数量；price价格。根据“over 3,000 years”可知，此处强调时间跨度，应选“历史”。故选B。 2．句意：早期瓷器由约8000年前发明的陶器发展而来。 included包含；increased增加；invented发明；interviewed采访。根据“developed from pottery”及常识可知，陶器是被发明的。故选C。 3．句意：首先，他们得到高岭土（一种柔软的白色粘土）和瓷石等材料。 materials材料；lines线条；makers制造者；letters信件。根据“kaolin (a soft white clay)”可知，高岭土是原材料。故选A。 4．句意：然后他们把这些材料做成杯子、花瓶或其他形状。 lend借出；hang悬挂；cook烹饪；shape塑造。根据“...these materials into cups, vases”可知，需将材料塑形。故选D。 5．句意：之后，他们在高温下（通常超过700℃）烧制——这使得瓷器坚固美观。 new新的；short短的；low低的；high高的。根据“usually over 700℃”可知，温度很高。故选D。 6．句意：英文单词“china”反映了其与中国的深厚联系。 regards认为；refuses拒绝；reflects反映；reduces减少。根据“china”和“deep connection to the country”可知，单词“china”体现了其与“中国”关联性。故选C。 7．句意：它在丝绸之路上进行了很长时间的贸易，以它的美丽吸引着人们。 forgotten遗忘；traded贸易；listened倾听；taught教授。根据“along the Silk Road”及历史背景可知，瓷器是贸易商品。故选B。 8．句意：它在全球范围内广受赞誉和喜爱。 widely广泛地；wisely明智地；cheaply廉价地；early早期。根据“around the world”可知，范围广泛。故选A。 9．句意：现在，瓷器已经不仅仅局限于盘子和杯子了。 baskets篮子；bags包；caps帽子；cups杯子。根据“plates”及瓷器常见用途可知，此处需同类日常器物，“cups”符合。故选D。 10．句意：这是瓷器，一种由土和火制成的艺术品，由波浪和时间携带。 of属于；to向；from来自；up向上。根据“made…earth and fire”可知，强调原材料来源，be made of/from“由……制成”，前者表示能看出原材料，后者强调看不出原料。从瓷器是无法直接看出原材料的，所以用from。故选C。 （二） （2025·山东济南·模拟预测） In China, people use the idiom loumajiao (“to reveal a horse’s footy”) to describe a situation in which a secret is revealed. There is a story 1 it. There was a time that women with small feet were believed to be more 2 . Then young girls would be asked to painfully bind (捆绑) their feet to prevent them from getting 3 . Empress Ma—wife of Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty 4 to bind her feet because she liked to practice martial arts (武术). So her feet grew larger than 5 women’s feet. After she became empress, Ma 6 her feet by wearing long gowns (长袍). One day, 7 she was sitting in a carriage near a busy street, a strong wind blew her gown up. Taken by surprise, she was not able to hide her feet 8 . Many people saw her feet and quickly 9 the word across the country. The idiom loumajiao comes from this story. However, research shows that loumajiao may have 10 come from a kind of ancient practice. The qilin is a mythical (虚构的) animal that 11 good luck. In ancient times, people 12 paint a “qilin skin” on a large piece of cloth and put it on a horse so that the horse would look like a qilin. 13 , the horse’s feet were hard to cover up and could easily be seen. Gradually, loumajiao came to 14 “revealing a secret”. In English, he idioms “spill (泼洒) the beans” or “let the cat out on the bag” have the 15 meaning. 1．A．under B．before C．behind D．among 2．A．beautiful B．comfortable C．convenient D．helpful 3．A．shorter B．smaller C．blacker D．bigger 4．A．planned B．refused C．failed D．managed 5．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 6．A．hid B．showed C．hurt D．kept 7．A．once B．though C．because D．when 8．A．on time B．by chance C．in time D．on purpose 9．A．copied B．spread C．gave D．learned 10．A．actually B．finally C．hardly D．exactly 11．A．depends on B．stands for C．focuses on D．lives to 12．A．should B．could C．must D．would 13．A．Also B．Instead C．Besides D．However 14．A．present B．meet C．mean D．decide 15．A．new B．special C．same D．different 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．D 15．C 16．C 【导语】本文围绕中国成语“露马脚”展开。 1．句意：在中国，人们用成语“露马脚”来描述秘密被揭露的情况。这个成语背后有一个故事。 under在下面；before之前；behind在后面；among在……之间。根据“There is a story”可知，这里表示成语背后的故事。故选C。 2．句意：曾经有一段时间，人们认为脚小的女人更美丽。 beautiful美丽的；comfortable舒适的；convenient方便的；helpful乐于助人的。根据“young girls would be asked to painfully bind (捆绑) their feet”可知，当时认为脚小的女人美丽。故选A。 3．句意：然后年轻女孩会被要求痛苦地捆绑她们的脚，以防止脚长得更大。 shorter更短的；smaller更小的；blacker更黑的；bigger更大的。根据“young girls would be asked to painfully bind (捆绑) their feet”可知，缠足是为了让脚不长大。故选D。 4．句意：马皇后，明朝开国皇帝朱元璋的妻子，拒绝缠足，因为她喜欢练习武术。 planned计划；refused拒绝；failed失败；managed管理。根据“because she liked to practice martial arts (武术). So her feet grew larger”可知，因为喜欢武术而拒绝缠足。故选B。 5．句意：所以她的脚比其他女人的脚大。 another另一个；other其他的；others其他的人或物；the other另一个。根据“women’s feet.”可知，因为没有缠足，所以她的脚比其他人的都大。other后接可数名词复数。故选B。 6．句意：在她成为皇后后，马皇后通过穿长袍来隐藏她的脚。 hid隐藏；showed展示；hurt伤害；kept保持。根据“Taken by surprise, she was not able to hide her feet”可知，后文说意外暴露，说明之前是隐藏脚。故选A。 7．句意：一天，当她坐在繁忙街道附近的马车里时，一阵大风吹起了她的长袍。 once一次；though尽管；because因为；when当……时候。根据“she was sitting in a carriage near a busy street, a strong wind blew her gown up.”可知，空格处为时间状语从句，表示当她坐在马车里的时候。故选D。 8．句意：她大吃一惊，没能及时藏住脚。 on time准时；by chance偶然；in time及时；on purpose故意。根据“Taken by surprise, she was not able to hide her feet”可知，前文表示一阵大风吹起了衣服，这里表示没有及时藏住脚。故选C。 9．句意：很多人看到了她的脚，然后很快把这个消息传遍了全国。 copied抄袭；spread传播；gave给予；learned学习。根据“the word across the country.”可知，这里表示传播消息。spread the word是“传播消息；散布言论”，符合语境。故选B。 10．句意：然而，研究表明“露马脚”实际上可能源于一种古代习俗。 actually实际上；finally最后地；hardly几乎不；exactly正确地。根据“come from a kind of ancient practice.”可知，这里补充说明成语起源的另一种可能。故选A。 11．句意：麒麟是一种神话动物，代表着好运。 depends on取决；stands for代表；focuses on关注；lives to活到。根据“The qilin is a mythical (虚构的) animal that”可知，这里表示麒麟象征好运。故选B。 12．句意：在古代，人们会在一大块布上画“麒麟皮”，然后把它披在马上，这样马看起来就像麒麟。 should应该；could会；must必须；would将要。根据“paint a ‘qilin skin’ on a large piece of cloth and put it on a horse so that the horse would look like a qilin.”可知，这里表示过去人们会做某事。would用于描述过去习惯性、经常性的动作。故选D。 13．句意：然而，马脚很难遮盖，很容易被看到。 Also也；Instead代替；Besides此外；However然而。根据“the horse’s feet were hard to cover up and could easily be seen.”可知，前文说给马披麒麟皮让马像麒麟，后文说马脚难遮，是转折关系。故选D。 14．句意：逐渐地，“露马脚”开始表示“揭露秘密”。 present介绍；meet遇见；mean意味；decide决定。根据“Gradually, loumajiao came to”可知，come to mean表示“开始表示；逐渐意味着”，符合成语含义演变的语境。故选C。 15．句意：在英语中，成语“spill the beans”或“let the cat out of the bag”有相同的意思。 new新的；special特殊的；same相同的；different不同的。根据“In English, he idioms ‘spill (泼洒) the beans’ or ‘let the cat out on the bag’ have the”可知，这些英语成语和“露马脚”表意相同。故选C。 （三） （2025·山东淄博·二模） In our daily life, we often set many alarms to wake ourselves up for fear of oversleeping. But in fact, this can do 1 to our health because it makes sleep quality poorer according to a recent study. A good sleep happens in cycles, according to Medical News Today. Each cycle has 2 stages. During stage one, we go into a light sleep. Our body 3 and our heartbeat slows. 4 we fall deeper into sleep, stage two begins. Our eyes stop moving and our body temperature drops. Then comes the third stage which is the 5 sleep, and also the hardest for people to wake up from. Last is the fourth stage, 6 as rapid eye movement sleep, or REM sleep. Our eyes move rapidly from side to side during this stage. At the same time, our breathing 7 and our heartbeat rises. REM sleep is very 8 because most of our dreams take place during it. This allows our brain to process emotions. REM sleep also helps the brain turn the new knowledge got during the day into 9 . When we get enough REM sleep, it is easier to focus on studying the next day. Since REM sleep 10 takes place in the last hours of a night’s sleep, it is a bad idea to disrupt (打扰) it with alarms ringing one after another. So people should set one alarm and try alarms that use light, not sound, to wake them up. 1．A．good B．harm C．worry D．wonder 2．A．two B．three C．four D．five 3．A．relaxes B．changes C．cheers D．moves 4．A．Because B．Until C．If D．As 5．A．quietest B．quickest C．deepest D．worst 6．A．known B．compared C．praised D．served 7．A．takes up B．picks up C．puts up D．gives up 8．A．interesting B．important C．difficult D．regular 9．A．memories B．methods C．skills D．choices 10．A．suddenly B．finally C．nearly D．mostly 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了睡眠的四个阶段，特别是快速眼动睡眠(REM睡眠)的重要性，并指出设置多个闹钟会干扰睡眠质量，建议使用光闹钟代替声音闹钟。 1．句意：但实际上，这会危害我们的健康，因为最近的研究表明这会降低睡眠质量。 good优势；harm危害；worry担忧；wonder奇迹。根据“because it makes sleep quality poorer”可知，设置多个闹钟会降低睡眠质量，是负面影响。故选B。 2．句意：每个周期有四个阶段。 two两个；three三个；four四个；five五个。根据“Last is the fourth stage”可知，后文明确提到四个睡眠阶段。故选C。 3．句意：我们的身体放松，心跳减慢。 relaxes放松；changes改变；cheers欢呼；moves移动。根据“and our heartbeat slows”可知，睡眠时身体进入放松状态，心跳减慢。故选A。 4．句意：随着我们进入更深睡眠，第二阶段开始。 Because因为；Until直到；If如果；As随着。此处表示时间推移，用连词As连接。故选D。 5．句意：这是最深度的睡眠，也是最难醒来的阶段。 quietest最安静的；quickest最快的；deepest最深的；worst最差的。根据“and also the hardest for people to wake up from”可知，第三阶段是深度睡眠期。故选C。 6．句意：第四阶段被称为快速眼动睡眠(REM睡眠)。 known被称为；compared比较；praised赞扬；served服务。此处是be known as，表示“被称为”，为固定搭配。故选A。 7．句意：我们的呼吸加快，心跳加速。 takes up占据；picks up加快，恢复；puts up张贴；gives up放弃。根据“our breathing … and our heartbeat rises.”可知，此处描述呼吸频率上升。故选B。 8．句意：REM睡眠非常重要，因为大多数梦境发生在此阶段。 interesting有趣的；important重要的；difficult困难的；regular有规律的。根据“because most of our dreams take place during it. … it is easier to focus on studying the next day.”可知，这段主要强调REM睡眠对大脑的重要作用。故选B。 9．句意：REM睡眠也帮助大脑将白天获得的新知识转化为记忆。 memories记忆；methods方法；skills技能；choices选择。睡眠巩固记忆是科学共识。故选A。 10．句意：由于REM睡眠主要发生在夜晚睡眠的最后几个小时，用一个接一个的闹钟来打断它是一个坏主意。 suddenly突然地；finally最终；nearly几乎；mostly主要。根据“REM sleep … takes place in the last hours of a night’s sleep”可知，此处描述REM睡眠的主要发生时间。故选D。 （四） （2025·山东枣庄·模拟预测） Everyone needs exercise. Do you often do exercise? We all know that exercise is good for people’s health. Sports are great ways to exercise. They can help us to keep 1 . Our parents and teachers need to exercise. After 2 long hours, exercise is 3 for them. They can take a walk, go to swim and play ball games. They can do some easy exercise at home 4 yoga (瑜伽). Exercise is useful to children, too. It can make 5 healthy and clever. Then we can do well in our subjects. Here are some easy ways to exercise. You can walk, run or only jump. Walking or 6 to school is also good exercise. And it’s easy for you to do that. What’s more, if you eat more but don’t exercise, you can be 7 . That’s terrible, right? But you need to know what you are doing and why you are doing it. Don’t exercise too much. Try different sports and get one you 8 best. Then do it often. You can also exercise in the school club or at the gym. Exercise is fun. It can make you 9 . You can exercise with friends and have a great time. 10 be sure to exercise every day. And then you can be happy, healthy and clever. 1．A．healthy B．big C．quiet D．delicious 2．A．studying B．working C．sleeping D．playing 3．A．relax B．to relax C．relaxed D．relaxing 4．A．for B．with C．of D．like 5．A．her B．us C．him D．you 6．A．fighting B．driving C．practicing D．riding 7．A．heavy B．important C．cool D．thin 8．A．ask B．join C．love D．make 9．A．happy B．funny C．busy D．short 10．A．Never B．Sometimes C．Also D．Always 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了锻炼对每个人的重要性。 1．句意：它们可以帮助我们保持健康。 healthy健康的；big大的；quiet安静的；delicious美味的。根据“Sports are great ways to exercise.”可知，运动可以帮助我们保持健康。故选A。 2．句意：长时间工作后，锻炼对他们来说是放松的。 studying学习；working工作；sleeping睡觉；playing玩。根据“Our parents and teachers need to exercise.”可知，指父母和老师长时间工作后。故选B。 3．句意：长时间工作后，锻炼对他们来说是放松的。 relax放松，动词原形；to relax不定式；relaxed感到放松的，修饰人；relaxing令人放松的，修饰物。此处用形容词作表语，主语为exercise，用relaxing。故选D。 4．句意：他们可以在家做一些简单的运动，比如瑜伽。 for为了；with和；of……的；like比如。根据“yoga”可知，此处是举例，表示“比如”。故选D。 5．句意：它可以使我们健康和聪明。 her她；us我们；him他；you你。根据“Then we can do well in our subjects.”可知，使我们健康和聪明。故选B。 6．句意：步行或骑车上学也是很好的锻炼方式。 fighting战斗；driving驾驶；practicing练习；riding骑车。根据“to school”可知，是骑车上学。故选D。 7．句意：更重要的是，如果你多吃但不运动，你可能会变胖。 heavy重的；important重要的；cool凉爽的；thin瘦的。根据“if you eat more but don’t exercise”可知，多吃但不运动，人会变重。故选A。 8．句意：尝试不同的运动，选择一项你最爱的运动。 ask问；join加入；love爱；make制作。根据“Try different sports and get one you … best. Then do it often.”可知，选择自己最爱的一项。故选C。 9．句意：它可以让你快乐。 happy快乐的；funny有趣的；busy忙碌的；short短的。根据“Exercise is fun.”可知，锻炼很有趣，可以让你快乐。故选A。 10．句意：一定要每天锻炼。 Never从不；Sometimes有时；Also也；Always总是。根据“And then you can be happy, healthy and clever.”可知，一定要每天锻炼。故选D。 （五） （2025·山东菏泽·三模） What is your zodiac animal (生肖动物)? In Chinese culture, there are 1 zodiac animals showing different years. Do you know why the twelve zodiac animals are in their fixed order from Rat to Pig? In the story, the order was decided by an exciting river-crossing 2 . Long long ago, people didn’t know how to 3 time, and even the Jade Emperor (玉帝) himself wasn’t sure how old he was. He wanted to find a way to tell time. So he decided to have a river-crossing race. All the animals were 4 , and the first twelve animals to finish the race would have a year named after them. At that time, Cat and Rat were good 5 . After hearing the news, they decided to go together. Cat had a habit of waking up late, so he asked Rat to wake him up on the race morning. On the day of the race, Rat 6 very early. He was very excited. He ran straight to the race. He forgot all about Cat! Rat met Ox (牛) along the way. He asked Ox 7 he could carry him across the river. Ox agreed and Rat jumped onto his back. However, when they were about 8 the finish line, Rat jumped off Ox and landed first, becoming the first animal to finish the race, while Ox came in second. Next, Tiger swam 9 and arrived in the third place. Then came Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, and Pig. Rat walked home with the first prize. Cat saw Rat with the prize and got very 10 . Rat did not wake him! That is why cats have been running after rats ever since. 1．A．ten B．twelve C．fourteen 2．A．race B．show C．class 3．A．ask B．see C．tell 4．A．invited B．refused C．remembered 5．A．classmates B．friends C．brothers 6．A．fell asleep B．looked up C．woke up 7．A．if B．how C．when 8．A．bring B．reach C．get 9．A．slowly B．deeply C．quickly 10．A．angry B．happy C．relaxed 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国十二生肖的起源故事。 1．句意：在中国文化中，有十二个生肖动物代表不同的年份。 ten十；twelve十二；fourteen十四。根据“why the twelve zodiac animals”可知有十二个生肖动物。故选B。 2．句意：在这个故事中，顺序是由一场激动人心的渡河比赛决定的。 race比赛；show展示；class班级。根据“have a river-crossing race.”可知是一个比赛。故选A。 3．句意：很久很久以前，人们不知道如何报时，甚至玉帝自己也不确定自己有多大年纪。 ask问；see看见；tell告诉。根据“He wanted to find a way to tell time”可知是报时。故选C。 4．句意：所有的动物都被邀请了。 invited邀请；refused拒绝；remembered记得。根据“All the animals were”可知是所有的动物都被邀请参加比赛。故选A。 5．句意：在那个时候，猫和鼠是好朋友。 classmates同学；friends朋友；brothers兄弟。根据“At that time, Cat and Rat were good”可知那时它们是好朋友。故选B。 6．句意：比赛那天，老鼠醒来得很早。 fell asleep睡着；looked up查找；woke up醒来。根据“so he asked Rat to wake him up on the race morning. On the day of the race, Rat”可知是老鼠醒得非常早。故选C。 7．句意：他问牛是否可以带他过河。 if是否；how如何；when什么时候。根据“he could carry him across the river.”可知是询问是否可以带他过河。故选A。 8．句意：然而，当他们快要到达终点线时，老鼠从牛身上跳下来，第一个落地，成为第一个完成比赛的动物，而牛获得了第二名。 bring带来；reach到达；get得到。根据“the finish line”可知是到达终点线。故选B。 9．句意：接下来，老虎快速地游了过来，获得了第三名。 slowly慢慢地；deeply深深地；quickly快速地。根据“and arrived in the third place”可知老虎游得很快。故选C。 10．句意：猫看到老鼠拿着奖品，非常生气。 angry生气的；happy高兴的；relaxed放松的。根据“Rat did not wake him!”可知老鼠没有叫醒他，他非常生气。故选A。 （六） （2025·江苏南京·二模） If it were not for a TV show, Fu Sheng, a scholar (学者) who lived during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, may have remained a stranger to us. If it were not for this scholar, we may have never had the chance to enjoy the great book Shangshu, 1 of the “five classics” of Confucianism (儒学). The TV show is China in the classics, a wonderful program presented by CCTV. In its first episode (剧集), the scholar’s story was turned 2 a stage play. After watching it, people not only showed great interest, 3 were deeply moved by an ordinary man’s strength and efforts to protect and pass on a country’s culture. It was not an 4 task for Tian Qinxin, head of the National Theater of China and the art director of the show, to turn an ancient classic into a one-hour stage show. 5 , he made it and the show received high praise from people. The 11-episode show features (以……为特色) one classic Chinese book in each episode, letting old history 6 with modern expressions. It 7 by young people and makes classics “alive”. Its 8 shows the charm (魅力) of creativity. “Through the classics, we can see the foundations (基础) of modern China,” said Tian. “No matter how the human history has developed, they 9 have a great influence on us. The classics remind us not to forget our past and explain 10 our cultural confidence comes from.” 1．A．one B．all C．some D．any 2．A．at B．for C．into D．with 3．A．nor B．or C．and D．but 4．A．easy B．exciting C．interesting D．important 5．A．Also B．However C．So D．Besides 6．A．shake hands B．have trouble C．end up D．get angry 7．A．is cut B．is locked C．is enjoyed D．is forgotten 8．A．danger B．service C．question D．popularity 9．A．still B．never C．sometimes D．hardly 10．A．that B．when C．where D．which 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述央视节目《典籍里的中国》如何通过现代舞台剧的形式让古代经典“活起来”，并探讨典籍对现代文化自信的重要意义。 1．句意：如果没有这位学者，我们可能永远没有机会欣赏到儒家“五经”之一的伟大著作《尚书》。 one一个；all全部；some一些；any任意一个。根据“...of the “five classics” of Confucianism”和文学常识可知，《尚书》是“五经”之一，one of意为“之一”，故选A。 2．句意：在第一集中，学者的故事被改编成舞台剧。 at在；for为了；into转变成；with和。根据“the scholar’s story was turned...a stage play”可知，学者的故事被改编成舞台剧，turn into意为“转变成”，故选C。 3．句意：看完之后，人们不仅表现出了极大的兴趣，还被一个普通人为保护和传承一个国家的文化所付出的力量和努力深深感动。 nor也不；or或者；and和；but但是。根据“people not only showed great interest, ...were deeply moved...”可知，not only……but……意为“不仅，而且”，表示人们不仅感兴趣，而且被感动。故选D。 4．句意：对于中国国家话剧院院长、该剧艺术总监田沁鑫来说，将一部古代经典改编成一个小时的舞台剧并非易事。 easy容易的；exciting令人兴奋的；interesting有趣的；important重要的。根据“It was not an...task... to turn an ancient classic into a one-hour stage show”可推知，将一个经典故事改编为舞台剧是不容易的，故选A。 5．句意：然而，他成功了，节目也获得了人们的高度赞扬。 Also还；However然而；So因此；Besides另外。根据“...he made it and the show received high praise from people”可知，改编的任务不容易但是他成功了，此处表示转折，用however，故选B。 6．句意：这个11集的节目以每集介绍一本中国经典书籍为特色，让古老的历史与现代的表达方式握手言和。 shake hands握手；have trouble有麻烦；end up结束；get angry变得愤怒。根据“letting old history...with modern expressions”可知，古老的历史与现代的表达方式握手言和。故选A。 7．句意：它深受年轻人喜爱，让经典变得“鲜活”。 is cut被剪掉；is locked被锁住；is enjoyed被喜爱；is forgotten被忘记。根据“It...by young people”可知，这个节目深受年轻人喜欢，故选C。 8．句意：它的流行体现了创意的魅力。 danger危险；service服务；question问题；popularity流行。根据前文“Its...shows the charm (魅力) of creativity.”可知，节目的流行体现了创意的魅力。故选D。 9．句意：无论人类历史如何发展，它们对我们的影响依然巨大。 still仍然；never从未；sometimes有时候；hardly几乎不。根据“No matter how the human history has developed, they...have a great influence on us”可知，无论人类历史如何发展，它们对我们的影响依然巨大。故选A。 10．句意：经典提醒我们不要忘记过去，并解释我们的文化自信从何而来。 that那；when什么时候；where在哪里；which哪一个。根据“explain...our cultural confidence comes from”可知，经典可以解释我们的文化自信从何而来，此处为where引导的宾语从句，故选C。 （七） （2025·山东聊城·三模） We often see Superman in American movies. It is one of the 1 of American culture. As we all know Sun Wukong is like China’s “Superman”. Last year, a new game called Black Myth: Wukong, came out and it’s from the story of the Monkey King. Black Myth: Wukong is the first 3A Chinese game. In it, players play as a 2 just like Sun Wukong. When playing, they can see temples like Foguang Temple and Xuankong Temple. They are all 3 places in Shanxi, China. And you can visit them in Shanxi when you are free, just like in the game. The temple art surprises players. 4 , the game may be hard for some players to understand, especially for foreigners. That’s because there is lots of Chinese culture and 5 in it. 6 , to play better, the players must study a lot. When the players play the game and get to know about it, they are deeply 7 by Wukong and the story of Journey to the West. An American player said, “Different from Superman, Wukong is not only brave but also 8 . He doesn’t follow all rules, but still save the people in danger.” The game is a great 9 , reaching a new height in China’s games and bringing people of different cultures together. It also works as a 10 for people all around the world to learn about wonderful Chinese culture. 1．A．actors B．symbols C．choices 2．A．magician B．traveler C．hero 3．A．absent B．real C．scary 4．A．Certainly B．Normally C．However 5．A．history B．games C．characters 6．A．But B．And C．So 7．A．changed B．touched C．polished 8．A．proud B．kind C．crazy 9．A．business B．example C．success 10．A．window B．hole C．wall 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国游戏《黑神话：悟空》通过孙悟空的故事展现中国文化，并成为中外文化交流的桥梁。 1．句意：它是美国文化的象征之一。 actors演员；symbols象征；choices选择。根据上下文可知it指代前文的Superman“超人”，根据常识判断可知超人是美国文化的象征之一。故选B。 2．句意：在游戏中，玩家扮演英雄，就像孙悟空一样。 magician魔术师；traveler旅行者；hero英雄。根据“just like Sun Wukong”可知是英雄。故选C。 3．句意：它们都是中国山西的真实地方。 absent缺席的；real真实的；scary恐怖的。根据下文“And you can visit them in Shanxi when you are free, just like in the game”可知这是真实的地方。故选B。 4．句意：然而，对于一些玩家来说，尤其是外国人来说，这个游戏可能很难理解。 certainly当然地；normally当然地；however然而。此处和前文是转折关系，用however，故选C。 5．句意：那是因为有很多中国文化和历史。 history历史；games游戏；characters角色。根据“lots of Chinese culture and”可知游戏中有很多东西与文化有关，且游戏中的场景是山西的寺庙，故与历史有关。故选A。 6．句意：所以，为了玩得更好，玩家们必须大量学习。 but但是；and并且；so所以。根据前文可知这个游戏里有很多难以理解的东西，与下文的必须大量学习之间是因果关系。故选C。 7．句意：当玩家玩游戏并了解它时，他们被悟空和《西游记》的故事深深打动了。 changed改变；touched感动；polished抛光。根据“He doesn’t follow all rules, but still save the people in danger.”可知他不循规蹈矩，但是救人于水火，所以是被悟空的故事感动了。故选B。 8．句意：与超人不同的是，悟空不仅仅勇敢，还很善良。 proud骄傲的；kind善良的；crazy疯狂的。根据下文中“save the people in danger”可知他经常会救人，故他是善良的。故选B。 9．句意：这个游戏取得了巨大的成功，将国产游戏的水平推到了一个新的高度，将不同文化的人聚集在一起。 business商业；example例子；success成功。根据“reaching a new height in China’s games and bringing people of different cultures together.”可知，将国产游戏水平推到了新的高度，这个游戏是非常成功的。故选C。 10．句意：它也是世界各地人们了解中国优秀文化的窗口。 window窗户；hole洞；wall墙。根据“for people all around the world to learn about wonderful Chinese culture.”可知外国人通过这个游戏了解了中国的文化，故这个游戏是个了解中国文化的窗口。故选A。 能力进阶 （一） （2025·山东潍坊·三模） Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch (荷兰的) artist. His large sculptures (雕塑) are welcomed all over the world. He often looks for 1 from different things. One way he gets ideas is from his children’s toys. These toys have helped him to 2 his animal sculptures, such as the well-known Rubber Duck. The idea of Hofman’s another work—Floating Fish 3 old Chinese stories. He was especially 4 in the old story about a fish jumping over the “Dragon Gate”. 5 he visited Wuzhen, he saw how people lived there. “I 6 in the town for days and saw people feed the fish. I also saw some fish sculptures on the wall,” he said. These sights made him come up with the idea for Floating Fish. Hofman seriously created Floating Fish. He wanted it to show the beauty of Chinese 7 .   Now, the amazing fish sculpture is 8 in Wuzhen. It draws many people’s attention. People are amazed by its size and the story 9 it. Florentijn Hofman’s sculptures are not only interesting but also 10 . They bring different cultures together. Through his works, he shows the world many wonderful stories from different places and lets people think about the connection between art and culture. 1．A．ideas B．stories C．thanks D．answers 2．A．search B．clear C．create D．keep 3．A．looked like B．came from C．depended on D．talked with 4．A．interested B．successful C．weak D．rich 5．A．Whether B．If C．Since D．When 6．A．stayed B．forgot C．left D．returned 7．A．language B．culture C．nature D．music 8．A．thrown B．placed C．sold D．broken 9．A．against B．along C．behind D．above 10．A．common B．meaningful C．simple D．cheap 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍荷兰艺术家Florentijn Hofman的雕塑创作灵感来源及其作品的文化意义。 1．句意：他经常从不同的事物中寻找想法。 ideas想法；stories故事；thanks感谢；answers答案。根据下文“One way he gets ideas...”可知，此处指寻找想法。故选A。 2．句意：这些玩具帮助他创作了动物雕塑，如著名的大黄鸭。 search搜索；clear清除；create创作；keep保持。根据“such as the well-known Rubber Duck”可知，大黄鸭是其创作的动物雕塑。故选C。 3．句意：Hofman的另一部作品粉红鱼的灵感来自中国古老的故事。 looked like看起来像；came from来自；depended on取决于；talked with与……交谈。根据“The idea of Hofman’s another work—Floating Fish...old Chinese stories.”并结合选项可知，此处指创作灵感来自中国古老的故事。故选B。 4．句意：他对鱼跳龙门的古老故事特别感兴趣。 interested感兴趣的；successful成功的；weak虚弱的；rich富有的。根据上文“The idea of Hofman’s another work—Floating Fish...old Chinese stories.”可知，作品灵感来自中国古老的故事，应是对这个古老故事特别感兴趣。故选A。 5．句意：当他参观乌镇时，他看到了那里的人们是如何生活的。 Whether是否；If如果；Since自从；When当……时。根据“...he visited Wuzhen, he saw how people lived there”可知，when符合语境，引导时间状语从句，表示“他在参观乌镇时，看到了那里的人们是如何生活的”。故选D。 6．句意：我在镇上待了几天，看到人们喂鱼。 stayed停留；forgot忘记；left离开；returned返回。根据“ “I...in the town for days and saw people feed the fish. ”可知，在镇上待了几天，看到了人们喂鱼。故选A。 7．句意：他想展示中国文化之美。 language语言；culture文化；nature自然；music音乐。根据下文“the connection between art and culture”可知，此处指文化。故选B。 8．句意：现在，这座令人惊叹的鱼雕塑被放置在乌镇。 thrown扔掉；placed放置；sold出售；broken破坏。粉红鱼是Florentijn Hofman为乌镇西栅景区水剧场量身定制的巨型装置艺术作品，应是放置在乌镇。故选B。 9．句意：人们惊叹于它的规模和背后的故事。 against反对；along沿着；behind在……的后面；above在……上方。根据“People are amazed by its size and the story...it.”可知，此处指背后的故事。故选C。 10．句意：Florentijn Hofman的雕塑不仅有趣，而且有意义。 common普通的；meaningful有意义的；simple简单的；cheap便宜的。根据下文“They bring different cultures together.”可知，此处强调作品的意义。故选B。 （二） （2025·山东淄博·二模） It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is—1. 48‰.   China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has drawn a great deal of attention. Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate? First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 3 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and other needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. 4 , the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), 5 may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth. Second, it will make a 6 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the hope of family. However, this idea is 7 now. More and more people prefer to have 8 children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). 9 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the education and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development. Now the government and society should take action to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 10 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障). 1．A．larger B．largest C．most D．more 2．A．up B．by C．down D．off 3．A．bring B．take C．get D．fetch 4．A．Besides B．In fact C．However D．Instead 5．A．which B．that C．who D．what 6．A．decision B．difference C．role D．survey 7．A．making B．thinking C．changing D．coming 8．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 9．A．While B．Since C．Whether D．If 10．A．Actually B．Just C．Only D．Finally 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。文中提到出生率下降会带来的影响，并建议政府和社会应采取鼓励生育、改善儿童和老年人福利、改善教育和就业市场等措施来解决这一问题。 1．句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来其出生率持续下降。 larger更大的；largest最大的；most最多的；more更多的。由常识可知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”，形容人口数量最大用largest。故选B。 2．句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来其出生率持续下降。 up向上；by通过；down向下；off离开。由下文“a falling birth rate”可知出生率持续下降，go down下降，为固定短语。故选C。 3．句意：这将给政府和社会带来更多的问题。 bring带来；take带走；get得到；fetch去取。根据“This will…more problems to the government and society.”可知，人口老龄化会给社会和国家带来问题。故选A。 4．句意：此外，人口老龄化也会导致劳动力短缺，这可能会影响中国的经济增长。 Besides而且；In fact事实上；However然而；Instead相反。根据下文“the aging population will also lead to labor shortages”可知，人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这是人口老龄化带来的另一个问题，besides意为“此外、而且”符合语境。故选A。 5．句意：此外，人口老龄化也会导致劳动力短缺，这可能会影响中国的经济增长。 which指物，引导非限制性定语从句，和主句用逗号隔开；that可指人或物，不能引导非限制性定语从句；who指人；what用于宾语从句等。空处与主句之间有逗号隔开，且关系词需要指代前面整个句子，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。 6．句意：其次，它将对家庭产生影响。 decision决定；difference不同；role角色；survey调查。 make a difference to sb./sth.意为“对某人/物产生影响”，故选B。 7．句意：然而，这种想法现在正在改变。 making制作；thinking思考；changing改变；coming来。根据“However”以及“More and more people prefer to have...children, and some even don’t want to have children.”可知，此处表示转折，空处应是想法正在改变。故选C。 8．句意：越来越多的人宁愿少要孩子，有些人甚至不想要孩子。 few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词。根据“More and more people prefer to have...children”可知，越来越多的人宁愿少要孩子，空格后“children”为可数名词复数，fewer符合语境。故选B。 9．句意：如果人口减少，学校和企业将缺乏人才。 While当……时；Since自从；Whether是否；If如果。根据“the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent.”可知，前一句表示条件，如果人口下降，会导致后面的情况，应用If引导条件状语从句。故选D。 10．句意：只有这样，才能保证社会的发展和稳定。 Actually事实上；Just仅仅；Only只有；Finally最终。由下文“can social development and stability be guaranteed”可知，句子用了倒装结构，当“only+介词短语”置于句首时，句子要用倒装结构，表示“只有……才”。 故选C。 （三） （2025·山东聊城·三模） Shanghai began its fight against indoor smoking some years ago. The city has now taken further action. It 1 to stop people smoking in outdoor public spaces. On December 11, the local government passed new 2 for this. It lists some anti-smoking measures (禁烟措施). Several types of public spaces are 3 to carry them out. Take, for example, tourist sites (景点) and restaurants across the city. They will have to add anti-smoking signs to waiting areas. They need to train their 4 workers to help with the work. These workers will carry out the duty to remind people to 5 smoking. The metro stations (地铁站) must also 6 “no smoking” signs outside all entrances (入口). Workers inside the station will have to pay much attention to 7 public areas. This is to make sure that passengers follow the rules. The city will also organize a team of 8 to help with the anti-smoking work. Shanghai wants to turn itself into a smoke-free city. It has a three-step 9 for this. It began with stopping indoor smoking. Now the second step is to stop smoking in outdoor public spaces. Finally, it will 10 allow smoking in a small number of areas. Therefore, I hope all the smokers can give up smoking for themselves and also for the people around them. 1．A．belongs B．listens C．aims 2．A．rules B．exams C．roads 3．A．argued B．required C．controlled 4．A．responsible B．impossible C．comfortable 5．A．continue B．complete C．avoid 6．A．clean up B．set up C．cut up 7．A．its B．his C．their 8．A．volunteers B．doctors C．scientists 9．A．speech B．disease C．plan 10．A．sadly B．only C．loudly 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍上海为创建无烟城市采取的措施，包括室内外禁烟规定及分步计划。 1．句意：它旨在阻止人们在户外公共场所吸烟。 belongs属于；listens听；aims旨在。根据“to stop people smoking”可知，此处表示目的。故选C。 2．句意：12月11日，当地政府通过了这方面的新规定。 rules规定；exams考试；roads道路。根据“It lists some antismoking measures”可知，政府通过的是禁烟规定。故选A。 3．句意：几类公共场所被要求实施这些措施。 argued争论；required要求；controlled控制。根据“carry them out”可知，公共场所是被要求执行。故选B。 4．句意：他们需要培训负责任的工人来协助这项工作。 responsible负责的；impossible不可能的；comfortable舒适的。根据“help with the work”可知，员工需负责禁烟工作。故选A。 5．句意：这些工作人员将履行提醒人们避免吸烟的职责。 continue继续；complete完成；avoid避免。禁烟措施的目的是避免吸烟。故选C。 6．句意：地铁站需在所有入口外设立“禁止吸烟”标志。 clean up清理；set up设立；cut up切碎。根据“signs outside entrances”可知，需设立禁烟志。故选B。 7．句意：车站内的工作人员将不得不非常注意它们的公共区域。 its它的；his他的；their他们的。指代“metro stations”需用their。故选C。 8．句意：该市还将组织一支志愿者队伍来帮助开展禁烟工作。 volunteers志愿者；doctors医生；scientists科学家。禁烟工作通常由志愿者协助。故选A。 9．句意：它有一个三步走的计划。 speech演讲；disease疾病；plan计划。根据“three-step”可知是分步计划。故选C。 10．句意：最后，它将只允许在少数区域吸烟。 sadly悲伤地；only仅；loudly大声地。根据“a small number of areas”可知，仅有少数区域允许吸烟。故选B。 （四） （2025·山东淄博·二模） Have you ever seen drones in the sky? What can they be used for? Can they only be used for taking fantastic photos? Can a small group of drones make railways 1 , and at the same time, help railway companies save money? That is the 2 of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that railways are safe for trains. Drones 3 used to check power lines already. They could do the same thing to check railway lines and other important things 4 the correct position of the railway and turning points. The 5 they can be checked, the more railway safety, reliability (可靠性) and on-time performance (准点率) will be improved. Operations would be more efficient (有效的) and 6 would be cut. That includes huge savings and better protection of railway workers’ safety. It is said that European railways 7 spend around 20 billion euros a year on that, because they often send workers to check and 8 the railway at night. That can be dangerous work without the help of drones. By using the latest technologies, drones 9 could provide higher-value services for railways, explore mistakes in the railway before causing any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new idea. Very small drones with AI will travel ahead of the train and guide it 10 drivers. With their ability to see ahead, they could find any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react (反应) in time. 1．A．clean B．safe C．lively D．attractive 2．A．present B．past C．moment D．future 3．A．were being B．have been C．will be D．can be 4．A．for example B．as for C．such as D．as well as 5．A．more often B．more slowly C．more quickly D．more suddenly 6．A．costs B．prices C．railways D．stations 7．A．only B．lonely C．alone D．single 8．A．build B．wash C．break D．repair 9．A．they B．themselves C．it D．itself 10．A．for B．with C．without D．under 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。 1．句意：一小群无人机能让铁路变得安全，同时帮助铁路公司省钱吗？ clean干净的；safe安全的；lively生动的；attractive吸引人的。根据“make sure that railways are safe for trains”可知，这里说的是让铁路变得安全。故选B。 2．句意：这就是应用“天空之眼”技术确保铁路安全的未来。 present现在；past过去；moment时刻；future未来。根据“applying today’s ‘eyes in the sky’ technology”和整个语篇讨论无人机潜在应用可知，这是展望未来可能性。故选D。 3．句意：无人机已经被用来检查电线了。 were being过去进行时的被动语态；have been现在完成时的被动语态；will be一般将来时的被动语态；can be情态动词的被动语态。根据“already”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，drones和use之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态have been used。故选B。 4．句意：它们也能做同样的事情来检查铁路线和其他重要的东西，比如铁路的正确位置和转折点。 for example例如，后接一个例子；as for至于；such as比如，后接多个例子；as well as也，和……一样。这里是在列举无人机可以检查的铁路相关的重要东西，所以用such as。故选C。 5．句意：它们被检查得越频繁，铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率就会提高得越多。 more often更频繁地；more slowly更慢地；more quickly更快地；more suddenly更突然地。根据“the more railway safety, reliability (可靠性) and on-time performance (准点率) will be improved”可知，检查得越频繁，这些方面就会提高得越多。故选A。 6．句意：运营会更有效，成本也会降低。 costs成本；prices价格；railways铁路；stations车站。根据上文“help railway companies save money”可知，这里说的是成本会降低。故选A。 7．句意：据说欧洲铁路仅此一项每年就花费约200亿欧元，因为他们经常派工人在晚上检查和维修铁路。 only仅仅；lonely孤独的；alone独自地，单独的；single单个的。根据“spend around 20 billion euros a year on that”可知，这里强调巨额花费的单一原因 (夜间人工检查)，alone作副词，而only位置不符，通常前置，lonely和single为形容词。故选C。 8．句意：据说欧洲铁路仅此一项每年就花费约200亿欧元，因为他们经常派工人在晚上检查和维修铁路。 build建造；wash洗；break打破；repair修理。根据“send workers to check”以及铁路的实际情况可知，是检查和维修铁路。故选D。 9．句意：通过使用最新的技术，无人机本身可以为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在导致任何安全问题之前发现铁路上的错误。 they他们；themselves他们自己；it它；itself它自己。这里强调无人机自身可以提供服务，drones是复数，所以用themselves。故选B。 10．句意：带有人工智能的非常小的无人机将在火车前面行驶，在没有司机的情况下引导它。 for为了；with和……一起；without没有；under在……下面。根据“Very small drones with AI will travel ahead of the train and guide it”可知，这里说的是在没有司机的情况下引导火车。故选C。 （五） （2025·吉林·中考） Yesterday was the Mid-Autumn Festival. I went out to 1 the celebrations with my best friend, Liu Lin. We saw a wonderful 2 on the Central Square. Liu Lin told me it was called Datiehua (打铁花), a traditional art in China. When the 3 came, a man scooped up the molten iron (舀起熔化的铁) and threw it into the sky. At the same time, the other man hit it hard with a board. This brought a shower of sparks (火花). It was beautiful and it 4 like fireworks (烟花). The whole square was bright 5 the sparks were shining in the night sky. All the people couldn’t help cheering for the two 6 . Liu Lin told me that Datiehua had a 7 history. It started in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the past, fireworks were too expensive for people, so they 8 Datiehua. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, it got 9 . People considered it as a sign of good luck. As time goes 10 , Datiehua has been a tradition in some areas in China. I’m proud that we Chinese people are so clever that we have made so many fantastic things. 1．A．stop B．enjoy C．change 2．A．show B．sale C．speech 3．A．afternoon B．morning C．night 4．A．smelled B．looked C．tasted 5．A．though B．unless C．when 6．A．men B．women C．children 7．A．modern B．long C．fresh 8．A．created B．grew C．fixed 9．A．boring B．deep C．popular 10．A．off B．by C．up 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述作者在中秋节欣赏打铁花表演的经历，并介绍这一传统艺术的起源与发展。 1．句意：我与我最好的朋友刘林一起出去享受了庆祝活动。 stop停止；enjoy享受；change改变。根据“the celebrations”可知，是享受庆祝活动。故选B。 2．句意：我们在中央广场看到一场精彩的表演。 show表演；sale销售；speech演讲。根据“Liu Lin told me it was called Datiehua”可知，是看到了打铁花表演。故选A。 3．句意：当夜幕降临时，一个人舀起熔化的铁块，将其抛向天空。 afternoon下午；morning早上；night夜晚。根据“in the night sky”可知，是夜晚来临。故选C。 4．句意：它很美丽，看起来像烟花。 smelled闻起来；looked看起来；tasted尝起来。根据“like fireworks”可知，是看起来像烟花。故选B。 5．句意：当火花在夜空中闪烁时，整个广场很明亮。 though虽然；unless除非；when当……时。根据“the sparks were shining in the night sky”可知，是当火花在夜空中闪烁时。故选C。 6．句意：所有人都不禁为这两人喝彩。 men男人；women女人；children儿童。根据“a man”及“the other man”可知，是两个男人。故选A。 7．句意：刘林告诉我，打铁花有着悠久的历史。 modern现代的；long悠久的；fresh新鲜的。根据“It started in the Northern Song Dynasty.”可知，历史悠久。故选B。 8．句意：过去，烟花对于人们来说过于昂贵，于是他们创造了打铁花。 created创造；grew种植；fixed修理。根据“fireworks were too expensive for people, so they ... Datiehua”可知，是因为烟花太贵，所以才创造了打铁花。故选A。 9．句意：在明清时期，它变得流行起来。 boring无聊的；deep深的；popular流行的。根据“People considered it as a sign of good luck.”可知，被认为是好运的象征，因此打铁花变得流行起来。故选C。 10．句意：随着时间的推移，打铁花已成为中国某些地区的传统习俗。 off离开；by通过；up向上。as time goes by“随着时间的推移”，固定句型。故选B。 （六） （2025·上海宝山·一模） Watching football and working in the garden are the favourite hobbies in Britain. People, young or old, all love gardening very much. That’s why Britain is called “a country of flowers”. It is quite 1 to see a small garden in almost every family. If you praise the owners for their beautiful gardens, they will feel very delighted all day long. Gardening has become an important way of life in Britain. Newspapers, magazines and TV offer many special programmes. They often share useful 2 and nice designs with interested gardeners, or invite famous gardeners to answer their questions. Besides, there are competitions of different 3 across the country, from small community ones to big world events. They attract millions of gardeners. To help children develop interest in gardening, there are special competitions for kids, too. The British like to 4 gardening stories with their traditional culture. Gardening has long been a part of British traditional stories and books. A well-kept garden is a symbol of order, beauty and peace. Those are important ideas for British people. The stories often describe gardens as quiet and special places full of tradition. They also show a cultural belief — taking good care of the land is an important 5 for everyone. In 2000, the British government started the Eden (伊甸园) Project in Cornwall, England. Now it is a home of various kinds of plants and flowers around the world. In fact, it is famous as the world’s largest greenhouse. In 2002, a book called The Garden: An English Love Affair was published. It talked about Britain’s long gardening history and 6 much public attention. The author cleverly wrote about gardening in British historical stories, telling this old and interesting life style in a vivid way. Gardening is like love. If watered and cut with care, the flowers of love will grow well forever. 1．A．boring B．common C．impossible D．strange 2．A．skills B．texts C．tools D．pictures 3．A．subjects B．sizes C．numbers D．ages 4．A．exchange B．replace C．connect D．provide 5．A．plan B．responsibility C．hope D．suggestion 6．A．lost B．paid C．reduced D．caught 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了园艺是英国人最喜爱的爱好之一，园艺不仅成为了英国人重要的生活方式，还与英国的传统文化深度联结，相关赛事、项目和书籍也进一步体现了英国人对园艺的热爱与传承。 1．句意：在几乎每个家庭里看到一个小花园是很寻常的。 boring无聊的；common寻常的；impossible不可能的；strange奇怪的。根据“People, young or old, all love gardening very much.”可知，在英国的每个家庭看到一个小花园是很寻常的，故选B。 2．句意：他们经常和对园艺感兴趣的人分享实用的技巧和精美的设计，或者邀请知名园艺师解答疑问。 skills技巧；texts文本；tools工具；pictures图片。根据“share useful”和“and nice designs”并结合备选项可知，应是分享技巧，故选A。 3．句意：此外，全国还有不同规模的比赛，从小型社区赛事到大型世界赛事。 subjects主题；sizes规模；numbers数量；ages年龄。根据“from small community ones to big world events”可知，比赛是不同规模的，故选B。 4．句意：英国人喜欢把园艺故事和他们的传统文化联系在一起。 exchange交换；replace替换；connect联系；provide提供。根据“Gardening has long been a part of British traditional stories and books.”并结合备选项可知，connect...with...“把……和……联系起来”符合语境，故选C。 5．句意：它们也体现了一种文化信念——好好照料土地是每个人的重要责任。 plan计划；responsibility责任；hope希望；suggestion建议。根据“They also show a cultural belief”并结合备选项可知，好好照料土地是每个人的责任，故选B。 6．句意：这本书讲述了英国悠久的园艺历史，并引起了公众的广泛关注。 lost失去；paid支付；reduced减少；caught引起。根据“much public attention”并结合备选项和文章主题可知，catch attention“引起关注”符合语境，故选D。 （七） （2025·陕西·二模） You may notice that horses 1 in many Chinese idioms. These horse-related sayings offer fascinating glimpses (一瞥) into Chinese culture and ancient 2 . “A horse that covers a thousand miles” is perhaps the most famous horse idiom. It describes 3 with amazing talent or potential (潜能). Chinese parents often use this phrase to 4 their children, hoping they’ll become “thousand-mile horses” who achieve great things. The idiom comes from ancient times when people believed 5 legendary (传奇的) horses could run 1,000 miles in a single day. “A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another meaning to this idea. 6 talented people (“swift horses”) might be common, good leaders who can 7 talent (“good riders”) are uncommon. This saying reminds us that having talent isn’t enough-you need someone who 8 you and gives you opportunities. “Ride a horse while looking for a better one” describes someone who keeps searching for better chances while 9 their present situation. Chinese people use this idiom to describe practical, ambitious (有抱负的) people who never stop 10 themselves. “An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom that comes with 11 . Just as an old horse remembers the safest paths through mountains, experienced people can guide others through difficult situations. This idiom shows that Chinese 12 the elders and their plenty of knowledge. “A painted horse won’t run” warns against valuing appearance over substance (实质). No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never gallop (驰骋). 13 , beautiful promises without real action are worthless. This idiom teaches Chinese to value practical results over 14 words. These horse idioms show how ancient Chinese people observed (观察) horses’ strength, speed, and intelligence, turning these observations into timeless 15 about human - nature and success. 1．A．appear B．disappear C．discuss D．keep 2．A．palace B．wonder C．victory D．wisdom 3．A．everyone B．someone C．anyone D．no one 4．A．allow B．encourage C．suppose D．imagine 5．A．general B．certain C．normal D．common 6．A．Since B．If C．Although D．When 7．A．discover B．train C．understand D．serve 8．A．agrees with B．cares for C．depends on D．believes in 9．A．failing B．dividing C．managing D．refusing 10．A．regarding B．to regard C．improving D．to improve 11．A．ability B．memory C．experience D．honor 12．A．record B．respect C．remind D．require 13．A．Simply B．Exactly C．Properly D．Similarly 14．A．empty B．correct C．real D．helpful 15．A．popularity B．lessons C．protection D．levels 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】导语：本文介绍了多个和马相关的中文成语，解释了它们的含义、来源以及背后蕴含的中国文化与人生智慧。 1．句意：你可能注意到马在许多中文成语里出现。 appear出现；disappear消失；discuss讨论；keep保持。根据语境，成语里会“出现”马的形象，故选A。 2．句意：这些和马相关的谚语让我们得以一瞥中国文化和古代智慧。 palace宫殿；wonder奇迹；victory胜利；wisdom智慧。后文多处提到wisdom、lessons等，与智慧对应，故选D。 3．句意：它形容某人有着惊人的天赋或潜能。 everyone每个人；someone某人；anyone任何人；no one没有人。该成语用于描述有才能的“某个人”，故选B。 4．句意：中国父母常用这个短语来鼓励孩子。 allow允许；encourage鼓励；suppose假设；imagine想象。父母希望孩子成才，是在“鼓励”孩子，故选B。 5．句意：古人相信某些传奇的马一天能跑一千里。 general总的；certain某些；normal正常的；common普通的。此处指“某种、某些”传说中的马，故选B。 6．句意：虽然有才能的人（千里马）可能很常见，但能发现人才的好领导者（好骑手）却不常见。 Since自从/因为；If如果；Although虽然；When当……时。前后为转折让步关系，故选C。 7．句意：能发现人才的好领导者不常见。 discover发现；train训练；understand理解；serve服务。伯乐的作用是“发现”千里马，故选A。 8．句意：你需要有人信任你并给你机会。 agrees with同意；cares for关心；depends on依靠；believes in信任、相信。领导者要相信人才、给予机会，故选D。 9．句意：形容某人在维持现状的同时不断寻找更好机会。 failing失败；dividing分开；managing管理、维持；refusing拒绝。manage present situation表示维持当下的处境，故选C。 10．句意：形容那些从不停止提升自己的务实、有抱负的人。 regarding看待；to regard看待（不定式）；improving提升；to improve提升（不定式）。stop doing sth.停止做某事，此处指不断提升自我，故选C。 11．句意：“老马识途” 赞美来自经验的智慧。 ability能力；memory记忆；experience经验；honor荣誉。老马靠的是经验，老人靠阅历经验指导他人，故选C。 12．句意：这个成语表明中国人尊重长辈和他们丰富的知识。 record记录；respect尊重；remind提醒；require要求。respect the elders尊重长辈，为固定搭配，故选B。 13．句意：同样地，没有实际行动的美丽承诺是毫无价值的。 Simply简单地；Exactly确切地；Properly恰当地；Similarly同样地。前后是类比关系，画马不能跑和空口承诺无用道理相似，故选D。 14．句意：这个成语教会中国人看重实际结果，而非空洞的话语。 empty空的、空洞的；correct正确的；real真实的；helpful有帮助的。empty words空话、虚言，与前文无实际行动对应，故选A。 15．句意：把这些观察变成关于人性和成功的永恒经验教训。 popularity流行；lessons教训、启示；protection保护；levels水平。成语给人启示和道理，即lessons，故选B。 真题实战 （一） （2025·山东青岛·中考） Do you remember the useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right” in English learning? They carry more 1 than the words themselves. In Chinese culture, we also have lots of similar useful expressions like “drinking ink (墨水)” and “An inch (寸) of time is worth an inch of gold”. “Drinking ink” is a common expression to show that a person is 2 . Is there anyone who really drinks ink? It could be true in Chinese history. During the Northern Qi Dynasty, those who 3 very badly in the exam would be punished by drinking one liter (升) of ink. Even if they were found to have poor handwriting or make up something terrible, they would be taken into a special room to drink ink. The rule was accepted by the following dynasties. Nowadays, this expression is 4 used to describe people’s ways of receiving education or their level of education. For example, “drinking foreign ink” means one has studied overseas. “Drinking little ink” means a 5 level of education. sundial “An inch of time is worth an inch of gold” means that an inch of time has the same 6 as an inch of gold. It is also the first half of a saying, “An inch of time is worth an inch of gold, but an inch of time cannot be bought 7 an inch of gold”. In ancient times, time was measured (测量) by inches because people used the sundial as a time-keeping tool. It is made of a flat and 8 plate on which time degrees are shown. As the sun moves from rising to setting, the length of the gnomon’s shadow changes from long to short and short to long. This is 9 the sundial tells time. Language cannot be separated from culture. Language learning can help us 10 understand the cultures behind the countries and communicate more with the people from different countries. 11．A．suggestions B．chances C．meanings D．promises 12．A．expected B．educated C．remembered D．missed 13．A．performed B．planned C．guessed D．prepared 14．A．quietly B．quickly C．widely D．suddenly 15．A．low B．basic C．normal D．perfect 16．A．size B．value C．standard D．shape 17．A．for B．from C．in D．with 18．A．long B．round C．square D．deep 19．A．where B．when C．why D．how 20．A．harder B．less C．better D．worse 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文通过“喝墨水”和“一寸光阴一寸金”两个中文习语，讲述了语言背后的文化故事。 1．句意：它们所承载的意义超过了词语本身。 suggestions建议；chances机会；meanings意义；promises承诺。根据“They carry more...than the words themselves”可知这些习语所承载的意义远不止于字面本身。故选C。 2．句意：“喝墨水”是一个常见的表达，表示一个人受过教育。 expected期待；educated教育；remembered记住；missed错过。根据“Nowadays, this expression is...used to describe people’s ways of receiving education or their level of education”可知，“喝墨水”现在用来描述人们接受教育的方式或教育水平，因此这个表达表示一个人受过教育。故选B。 3．句意：在北齐时期，那些在考试中表现很差的人会被惩罚喝一升墨水。 performed表现；planned计划；guessed猜测；prepared准备。根据“very badly in the exam”可知，此处指在考试中表现很差。故选A。 4．句意：如今，这个表达被广泛用来描述人们接受教育的方式或他们的教育水平。 quietly安静地；quickly快速地；widely广泛地；suddenly突然地。根据“used to describe people’s ways of receiving education or their level of education”可知，这个表达现在被广泛地用来描述人们的教育方式或水平。故选C。 5．句意：“墨水喝得不多”意味着教育水平低。 low低的；basic基本的；normal正常的；perfect完美的。根据“Drinking little ink”可知，喝墨水少意味着教育水平低。故选A。 6．句意：“一寸光阴一寸金”意味着一寸时间和一寸黄金有相同的价值。 size尺寸；value价值；standard标准；shape形状。根据“An inch of time is worth an inch of gold”可知，一寸时间和一寸黄金有相同的价值。故选B。 7．句意：它也是谚语“一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴”的前半部分。 for为了；from从；in在里面；with用。根据“an inch of time cannot be bought…an inch of gold”可知，此处指寸金买不到寸光阴，buy sth. with sth.意为“用某物买某物”。故选D。 8．句意：它是由一个扁平的圆形板制成的，上面显示时间度数。 long长的；round圆的；square方的；deep深的。根据“sundial”以及常识可知，日晷通常是圆形的。故选B。 9．句意：这就是日晷如何报时。 where哪里；when何时；why为什么；how如何。根据“As the sun moves from rising to setting, the length of gnomon’s shadow changes from long to short and short to long”可知，此处描述的是日晷如何报时。故选D。 10．句意：语言学习可以帮助我们更好地理解国家背后的文化，并与来自不同国家的人进行更多交流。 harder更努力地；less更少地；better更好地；worse更糟糕地。根据“understand the cultures behind the countries and communicate more with the people from different countries”可知，语言学习可以帮助我们更好地理解文化和交流。故选C。 （二） （2025·山东潍坊·中考） In the past, most people worked on their feet and moved their bodies all day, so they had lots of exercise. They also mostly ate 1 foods like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat. Today, many people 2 in front of a computer all day at work and often eat a lot of sweet foods, or foods that are made in factories. This can be a big 3 to their health. The disease that causes most deaths in the world today—three in every ten—is heart disease. 4 many of these deaths need not happen, and are caused because people have not exercised or eaten well enough. Not exercising, or eating unhealthy food, can sometimes cause 5 dangerous disease—diabetes (糖尿病). When someone has diabetes, there is too much 6 in their blood. In the last twenty years, more and more people have died 7 diabetes—and almost 10% of the world’s population now has this disease. Many people are also 8 new health problems that are caused by computers and cell phones. When people stay for too long in front of a computer, they can 9 get problems with their eyes, arms, necks, and backs. And when they use computers and cell phones at night, it is often more difficult for them to 10 . Some scientists also think that cell phones may cause health problems because of a kind of energy which they produce called radiation (辐射). 1．A．fast B．natural C．delicious D．expensive 2．A．sit B．lie C．play D．stand 3．A．risk B．ache C．accident D．disadvantage 4．A．So B．Or C．As D．But 5．A．one B．other C．another D．the other 6．A．water B．sugar C．salt D．waste 7．A．in B．on C．of D．for 8．A．crazy about B．worried about C．excited at D．disappointed at 9．A．hardly B．nearly C．clearly D．easily 10．A．sleep B．wake C．breathe D．escape 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文通过对比古今生活方式，分析了现代生活中久坐、饮食不健康和电子设备使用等对健康的危害。 1．句意：他们主要吃水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉等天然食物。 fast 快速的；natural 天然的；delicious 美味的；expensive 昂贵的。根据“In the past”及“like fruit, vegetables, fish, and meat”“eat a lot of sweet foods, or foods that are made in factories”可知，在过去，水果、蔬菜、鱼和肉都是天然的食物，与下文提到的“工厂制造的食物”形成对比，故选B。 2．句意：如今，许多人在工作中一整天都坐在电脑前，而且常常会大量食用甜食或者工厂生产的食品。 sit 坐；lie 躺；play 玩； stand 站。根据“in front of a computer all day at work”可知，整天坐在电脑前工作，故选A。 3．句意：这对他们的健康是个很大的风险。 risk 风险；ache 疼痛；accident 事故；disadvantage 缺点。前文提到了整天坐在电脑前工作，吃不健康的食品，这些对于健康来说都是很大的风险，故选A。 4．句意：但是很多这样的死亡本可以避免。 So 所以；Or 或者；As 因为；But 但是。“many of these deaths need not happen”与前文是转折关系，故选D。 5．句意：不进行锻炼或者食用不健康的食物，有时可能会引发另一种严重的疾病——糖尿病。 one 一个；other 其他的；another 另一个；the other 另一个（两者中）。此处指很多种疾病中的其中一种，表示不确定数量的其中一个用another，故选C。 6．句意：当一个人患有糖尿病时，其血液中的糖分就会过多。 water 水；sugar 糖；salt 盐；waste 废物。根据“When someone has diabetes”可知，糖尿病患者血液中的糖分会过多，故选B。 7．句意：在过去二十年里，死于糖尿病的人数不断增加，目前全球约有 10%的人患有这种疾病。 in 在……里；on在……上面；of……的；for为了。根据“more and more people have died…diabetes”可知，越来越多的人死于糖尿病，die of“死于”，通常指死于某种内部原因，例如疾病，故选C。 8．句意：许多人还对电脑和手机所引发的新健康问题感到担忧。 crazy about 对……疯狂；worried about 担心；excited at对……兴奋；disappointed at 对……失望。根据“new health problems”可知，对健康问题应该感到担忧，故选B。 9．句意：如果人们长时间坐在电脑前，就很容易出现眼睛、手臂、颈部和背部的健康问题。 hardly 几乎不；nearly 几乎；clearly 清楚地；easily 容易地。根据“When people stay for too long in front of a computer, they can …get problems with their eyes, arms, necks, and backs. ”可知，在电脑面前久坐容易出现各种健康问题，故选D。 10．句意：而且当他们在夜间使用电脑和手机时，往往更难以入睡。 sleep 睡觉；wake 醒来；breathe 呼吸；escape 逃脱。根据“when they use computers and cell phones at night, it is often more difficult for them”可知，在夜间使用电脑或手机，很难以入睡，故选A。 （三） （2025·黑龙江·中考） Heilongjiang province is a barn (粮仓) of China. It has rich 1 for plants to grow. The farmers sow (播撒) seeds (种子) in spring and have a harvest in 2 . Do you know that a seed has its 3 identity card (身份证)? In our country, there is a seed 4 in Beijing. It collects all kinds of seeds from 5 places. When seeds first come in, they each get a number for 6 “physical examination”. Some workers put all kinds of seeds 7 different farms together. Then, they divide them into 8 according to the seeds’ looks. Next, workers check the seeds to 9 sure they’re healthy. A worker at the seed bank showed a seed that had a large insect 10 it. “A seed like this should not be 11 ,” he said. After that, workers test the good ones, they use the results to predict their 12 . They dry and weigh the best seeds after several 13 . Next, they keep the seeds 14 in a fridge at -18℃. With all these done, the seeds now have their identities. It is a good 15 to protect the safety of plants. Even though there is a natural disaster on the farm, the seeds won’t die out. 1．A．sand B．soil C．stones 2．A．seasons B．autumn C．winter 3．A．other B．half C．own 4．A．bank B．office C．school 5．A．same B．similar C．different 6．A．its B．their C．them 7．A．from B．with C．to 8．A．groups B．lessons C．pieces 9．A．have B．take C．make 10．A．inside B．outside C．beside 11．A．known B．broken C．saved 12．A．height B．growth C．weight 13．A．tests B．meets C．goals 14．A．cool B．cold C．warm 15．A．dream B．day C．way 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了黑龙江省作为中国粮仓的特点，以及种子在北京种子库中的分类、检测和保存过程。 1．句意：黑龙江省有丰富的土壤供植物生长。 sand沙子；soil土壤；stones石头。根据“Heilongjiang province is a barn (粮仓) of China”可知，作为粮仓，黑龙江省拥有肥沃的土壤，适合植物生长。故选B。 2．句意：农民春天播种，秋天收获。 seasons季节；autumn秋天；winter冬天。根据农业常识，播种在春季，收获通常在秋季。故选B。 3．句意：你知道种子有它的自己身份证吗？ other其他的；half一半；own自己的。根据“identity card”可知，种子有自己独特的身份标识。故选C。 4．句意：我国在北京有一个种子库。 bank银行/库；office办公室；school学校。根据“It collects all kinds of seeds”可知，这是一个种子库。故选A。 5．句意：它收集来自不同地方的各种种子。 same相同的；similar相似的；different不同的。根据“all kinds of seeds”可知，种子来自不同地区。故选C。 6．句意：当种子第一次入库时，会获得一个编号用于它们“体检”。 its它的；their它们的；them它们（宾格）。此处指代“seeds”，需用形容词性物主代词their。故选B。 7．句意：一些工人把来自不同农场的各种种子放在一起。 from来自；with和；to到。根据“different farms”可知，种子来自不同农场。故选A。 8．句意：然后，他们按外观将种子分组。 groups组；lessons课程；pieces片。根据“divide them into”可知，种子被分组。故选A。 9．句意：接下来，工人检查种子以确保它们健康。 have有；take拿；make使。此处固定搭配“make sure”表示“确保”。故选C。 10．句意：种子库的一名工作人员展示了一颗种子，里面有一只大昆虫。 inside内部；outside外部；beside旁边。根据“had a large insect”可知，昆虫在种子内部。故选A。 11．句意：“这样的种子不应被保存。”他说。 known知道；broken损坏；saved保存。根据“insect inside”可知，被虫蛀的种子不应保存。故选C。 12．句意：在那之后，工人们测试好的，他们用结果来预测他们的成长。 height高度；growth生长；weight重量。种子库关注的是种子的生长潜力。故选B。 13．句意：他们经过多次测试后干燥并称重。 tests测试；meets会议；goals目标。根据“test the good ones”可知，指多次测试。故选A。 14．句意：接下来，将种子保存在-18℃的寒冷冰箱中。 cool凉爽的；cold寒冷的；warm温暖的。根据常识可知，-18℃属于低温冷冻环境。故选B。 15．句意：这是保护植物安全的良好方式。 dream梦想；day日子；way方式。种子库是保护植物多样性的有效方式。故选C。 （四） （2025·福建·中考） Wen Yan is a doctor of China Medical Team to Africa. She often thought of the fight to 1 Beauty, a baby who was born with only 800 grams. She had weak lungs (肺) and could hardly breathe. It was believed that she couldn’t live long in a hospital 2 necessary equipment (设备). “But even with the smallest chance, my team and I had to try our best,” said Wen. To keep the baby 3 , Wen coated Beauty with a soft cloth. The most dangerous moment arrived when Beauty’s heart beat only 30 times a minute. Wen stayed close to Beauty to 4 her for almost five hours. 5 , Beauty was able to breathe by herself. By the time of her leaving hospital over two months later, Beauty weighed 2,050 grams. The medical team and her family 6 the great moment with laughter and tears. Beauty’s mother held Wen’s hands and said, “I want my daughter to be a doctor like you.” During her stay in Africa, Wen helped thousands of 7 . Wen traveled to faraway villages under a burning hot sun. 8 she often felt tired after long traveling, she had no time to take a rest, because the local people were lining up for help. They endlessly expressed their 9 for her efforts. Besides saving lives, Wen’s team also 10 local doctors and nurses every week to better their skills. 1．A．wake B．dress C．save 2．A．short of B．filled with C．famous for 3．A．clever B．warm C．lovely 4．A．look after B．play with C．talk about 5．A．Clearly B．Finally C．Certainly 6．A．celebrated B．forgot C．held 7．A．travelers B．patients C．volunteers 8．A．Unless B．As C．Though 9．A．interests B．ideas C．thanks 10．A．called B．trained C．ordered 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国援非医疗队医生文艳在非洲的工作经历。 1．句意：她常常想起为拯救Beauty而进行的斗争，她出生时体重仅有800克。 wake醒来；dress穿衣；save拯救。根据“Wen Yan is a doctor of China Medical Team to Africa”可知她是一名医生，所以是拯救那个婴儿。故选C。 2．句意：人们认为她在缺乏必要设备的医院里活不了多久。 short of缺乏；filled with充满；famous for以……而闻名。根据“she couldn’t live long in a hospital...necessary equipment”可知是在缺乏必要设备的医院里活不了多久。故选A。 3．句意：为了保暖，文艳用一块柔软的布裹住Beauty。 clever聪明的；warm温暖的；lovely可爱的。根据“Wen coated Beauty with a soft cloth”可知文艳用一块柔软的布裹住Beauty，这样可以保暖。故选B。 4．句意：文艳在Beauty身边照顾她将近五个小时。 look after照顾；play with与……一起玩；talk about谈论。根据“Wen stayed close to Beauty to”可知是照顾她。故选A。 5．句意：最后，Beauty能够自己呼吸了。 Clearly清楚地；Finally最后；Certainly当然。根据“Beauty was able to breathe by herself.”可知最后她可以自己呼吸了。故选B。 6．句意：医疗队和她的家人用欢笑和泪水庆祝这一伟大时刻。 celebrated庆祝；forgot忘记；held举行。根据“the great moment with laughter and tears”可知是庆祝这一时刻。故选A。 7．句意：在非洲期间，文艳帮助了数千名患者。 travelers旅行者；patients病人；volunteers志愿者。根据“During her stay in Africa, Wen helped thousands of”可知她帮助了很多病人。故选B。 8．句意：尽管长途跋涉后她常常感到疲惫，但她没有时间休息，因为当地的人们正在排队等待帮助。 Unless除非；As因为；Though尽管。前后两句是转折关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 9．句意：他们不断地对她的努力表示感谢。 interests兴趣；ideas想法；thanks感谢。根据“for her efforts.”可知她帮助当地人，当地人向她表示感谢。故选C。 10．句意：除了拯救生命，文艳的团队还每周培训当地医生和护士，以提高他们的技能。 called称呼；trained训练；ordered命令。根据“local doctors and nurses every week to better their skills.”可知是培训当地医生和护士，以提高他们的技能。故选B。 （五） （2024·山西·中考） A man couldn’t stand up for two years. Beinao-1 sends small electrical signals (信号) to his 1 . After using it, he is able to take some small steps with others’ help. A woman had trouble speaking. When she thinks of words in her mind, Beinao-1 turns her thoughts into text on a screen. Now she 2 “talk” to her family again. Beinao-1 is a breakthrough (突破) that Chinese scientists have made. With it, they have 3 helped several disabled people start to move and speak again, giving them a new chance at life. Beinao-1 uses a thin and soft electrode sheet. It can fit the brain comfortably. 4 it is put on the brain’s surface, it receives signals and sends them out. There’s also a small wireless device that can receive and translate the signals for a smart machine. 5 this “translator”, the machine can understand the thoughts from the brain and act. For example, if a disabled person thinks “I want to drink water”, a robotic arm can 6 a cup, fill it with water, lift it carefully to the person’s mouth, and finally put it back. In this way, Beinao-1 helps disabled people 7 things by thoughts. Beinao-1 is China’s completely self-developed technology. It has broken the world record in its field. It shows that China has become more 8 in high technology. We believe China will continue to lead the world in technology development. 1．A．ears B．legs C．hands 2．A．can B．must C．should 3．A．secretly B．politely C．successfully 4．A．When B．Unless C．Although 5．A．To B．With C．About 6．A．pick up B．take away C．give out 7．A．believe B．control C．protect 8．A．beautiful B．peaceful C．powerful 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国自主研发的脑机接口技术Beinao-1如何帮助残疾人恢复行动和语言能力，展现了我国高科技领域的突破。 1．句意：Beinao-1向他的腿发送电信号后，他能在他人的帮助下迈小步。 ears耳朵；legs腿；hands手。根据“couldn’t stand up”和“take steps”可知，信号应是作用于腿部。故选B。 2．句意：现在她能够再次和家人“交谈”。 can能够；must必须；should应该。根据“Beinao-1 turns her thoughts into text on a screen”可知，该设备让她具备了通过文字“交谈”的能力，can“能够”符合功能描述。故选A。 3．句意：他们成功帮助几位残疾人重新开始活动和说话。 secretly秘密地；politely礼貌地；successfully成功地。根据“giving them a new chance at life”可知，应是成功地帮助残疾人恢复能力。故选C。 4．句意：当它被放置在大脑表面时，就会接收并发送信号。 When当……时；Unless除非；Although尽管。“it is put on the brain’s surface”是信号传输的时间条件，应是当设备就位后才会启动功能。故选A。 5．句意：借助这个“翻译器”，机器能理解大脑的想法并行动。 To向；With借助；About关于。根据“this ‘translator’, the machine can understand the thoughts from the brain and act.”可知，通过翻译器的辅助，机器能理解大脑的想法并行动。故选B。 6．句意：例如，如果一个残疾人想“我想喝水”，机械臂可以拿起一个杯子，装满水，小心地把它举到这个人的嘴里，最后放回去。 pick up拿起；take away带走；give out分发。根据“fill it with water”可知，装水前需先拿起杯子。故选A。 7．句意：用这种方法，Beinao-1帮助残疾人通过思维控制事物。 believe相信；control控制；protect保护。根据“robotic arm can pick up a cup”可知，残疾人通过思维控制机械臂执行动作。故选B。 8．句意：这表明中国在高科技领域变得更强大。 beautiful美丽的；peaceful和平的；powerful强大的。根据“broken the world record”可知，技术突破直接反映中国科技实力强大。故选C。 （六） （2024·安徽合肥·二模） Sports and games are lots of fun. Imagine playing soccer with your friends. The main thing is to score goals. When you 1 the ball into the net (球网), it feels great. Each goal gives your team a 2 . When your team gets higher points, your team wins the game. Sometimes your team might win, and sometimes it might lose, but it’s always 3 to play. In a big game, like an important match, teams try very hard to win. Players need to work together to find the best 4 to score. To help the team play better and work together, a good 5 is important. He or she can give players advice and make sure everyone works as a team. Players with great talent and lots of practice are more likely to succeed. If you’re really skilled, you might even score the winning goal that makes your team get the top 6 ! Watching games is fun too. Fans go to the sports field, so they can 7 loudly for their favorite team. Sometimes, if a player is 8 , the coach will let another player take their place. In sports, it’s important to play well with others and listen to your coach. 9 is also very important. Whether it’s soccer, basketball, or any other sport, the 10 you play, the better you’ll get. So get a ball, invite your friends, and have fun playing sports! Remember, every game is a chance to learn and grow. 1．A．kick B．throw C．hit D．pass 2．A．record B．point C．game D．net 3．A．exciting B．difficult C．famous D．tiring 4．A．rule B．action C．chance D．reason 5．A．customer B．parent C．pilot D．coach 6．A．prize B．name C．seat D．list 7．A．sing B．cheer C．ask D．read 8．A．happy B．angry C．tired D．busy 9．A．Luck B．Teamwork C．Health D．Practice 10．A．later B．sooner C．earlier D．more 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了体育运动的乐趣、团队合作的重要性、观看比赛的体验以及练习对提升运动水平的作用，鼓励人们积极参与体育运动。 1．句意：当你把球踢进球网时，感觉很棒。 踢足球通常用“kick the ball”来表达将球踢向某个方向，“kick”符合语境。“throw”一般用于投掷，“hit”侧重于击打，“pass”是传球，均不符合把球踢进球网这一动作描述。 2．句意：每个进球都会给你的球队得一分。 在足球比赛中，进球会得到分数，“point”表示分数，符合语境。“record”是记录，“game”是比赛，“net”是球网，均不符合此处得分的意思。 3．句意：有时你的球队可能会赢，有时可能会输，但比赛总是令人兴奋的。 根据语境，不管输赢，比赛本身是让人感到兴奋的，“exciting”表示令人兴奋的，符合语境。“difficult”是困难的，“famous”是著名的，“tiring”是累人的，均不符合此处描述比赛的感受。 4．句意：球员们需要共同努力，寻找得分的最佳机会。 在比赛中球员要寻找能得分的机会，“chance”表示机会，符合语境。“rule”是规则，“action”是行动，“reason”是原因，均不符合此处寻找得分相关内容的语境。 5．句意：为了帮助球队更好地比赛和合作，一个好的教练很重要。 在体育比赛中，能给球员建议并确保大家团队合作的是教练，“coach”符合语境。“customer”是顾客，“parent”是父母，“pilot”是飞行员，均与体育比赛中的角色无关。 6．句意：如果你真的很有技巧，你甚至可能进决定胜负的球，让你的球队获得最高奖项！ 在比赛中进决定胜负的球会让球队获得奖项，“prize”表示奖项，符合语境。“name”是名字，“seat”是座位，“list”是清单，均不符合此处球队获胜后获得的东西的语境。 7．句意：球迷们去体育场，这样他们就可以大声为他们最喜欢的球队欢呼。 球迷去体育场会为喜欢的球队欢呼，“cheer”表示欢呼，符合语境。“sing”是唱歌，“ask”是问，“read”是阅读，均不符合球迷在体育场的行为。 8．句意：有时，如果一个球员累了，教练会让另一个球员代替他。 球员累了才会被换下，“tired”表示累的，符合语境。“happy”是开心的，“angry”是生气的，“busy”是忙碌的，均不符合球员被换下的原因。 9．句意：练习也非常重要。 后文提到“你练习得越多，你就会变得越好”，说明这里强调的是练习的重要性，“Practice”符合语境。“Luck”是运气，“Teamwork”是团队合作，“Health”是健康，均不符合此处强调的内容。 10．句意：无论是足球、篮球还是其他运动，你练习得越多，你就会变得越好。 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，越……”，这里说练习得越多就会变得越好，“more”表示更多，符合语境。“later”是更晚，“sooner”是更快，“earlier”是更早，均不符合此处表达练习和水平关系的语境。 （七） （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测） The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala presented a wonderful show 1 WuBOT. It became one of the most popular programs this year. In the snow, humanoid (人形的) robots performed traditional Chinese kung fu 2 young martial artists. These robots were developed by Unitree Technology, a top Chinese robot company. The Unitree G1 robots can do 3 movements, such as drunken boxing (醉拳) and nunchaku (双节棍). They 4 on stage with students from Tagou Martial Arts School. 5 high-precision (高精密度的) control and stable motion (稳定运动) design, the robots move smoothly and work well with humans. The robots have made great 6 in just one year. In the 2025 gala, they could only do simple group dances. But this year, they 7 complete difficult and complex kung fu moves easily. This shows China’s robot control technology is developing 8 . WuBOT is not just a fun performance. It 9 traditional culture and modern technology in a creative way. It also shows the world the rapid rise of China’s humanoid robots. In the future, such robots will be 10 used in education, public services and daily life. 1．A．named B．watched C．needed D．liked 2．A．for B．with C．about D．by 3．A．easy B．simple C．difficult D．boring 4．A．performed B．fought C．discussed D．agreed 5．A．Instead of B．Thanks to C．As for D．According to 6．A．trouble B．danger C．progress D．time 7．A．must B．should C．need D．could 8．A．slowly B．rapidly C．hardly D．carefully 9．A．compares B．introduces C．shares D．mixes 10．A．widely B．politely C．loudly D．bravely 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了2026年央视春晚的节目《WuBOT》，其中人形机器人Unitree G1与塔沟武校的学生共同表演中国传统武术，展现了中国机器人控制技术的快速发展以及传统文化与现代科技的融合。 1．句意：2026年央视春晚呈现了一场名为《WuBOT》的精彩表演。 空后为节目名称，表示“名为……的”，应用named作后置定语。watched“观看”、needed“需要”、liked“喜欢”均不符合命名语境。 2．句意：在雪地里，人形机器人与年轻武术家一起表演中国传统功夫。 表示“与……一起”表演，应用介词with。for“为了”、about“关于”、by“由”均不能准确表达协同表演的关系。 3．句意：Unitree G1机器人能做高难度的动作，如醉拳和双节棍。 根据下文列举的醉拳和双节棍，这些是“高难度的”动作，应用difficult。easy“容易的”、simple“简单的”与动作难度不符，boring“无聊的”与语境无关。 4．句意：它们与塔沟武术学校的学生一起在舞台上表演。 根据前文“performed...with young martial artists”可知，机器人与学生共同“表演”，应用performed。fought“打架”、discussed“讨论”、agreed“同意”均不符合舞台演出语境。 5．句意：由于高精密度控制和稳定运动设计，机器人动作流畅且与人类配合良好。 前后句为因果关系，表示“由于”，应用Thanks to。Instead of“代替”、As for“至于”、According to“根据”均不表示原因。 6．句意：这些机器人在仅仅一年内取得了巨大进步。 固定搭配make great progress，意为“取得巨大进步”，应用progress。trouble“麻烦”、danger“危险”、time“时间”均不能与make构成此固定短语。 7．句意：但在今年，它们能够轻松完成困难且复杂的功夫动作。 根据上下文，今年它们“能够”完成高难度动作，应用could，表示过去的能力。must“必须”、should“应该”、need“需要”均不符合能力表达。 8．句意：这表明中国的机器人控制技术正在迅速发展。 根据前后对比（去年只能做简单动作，今年能做复杂动作），技术是在“迅速地”发展，应用rapidly。slowly“缓慢地”与事实相反，hardly“几乎不”、carefully“仔细地”均不符合发展速度的语境。 9．句意：它以创造性的方式将传统文化与现代技术融合。 根据句意，节目将传统文化与科技“结合”在一起，应用mixes。compares“比较”、introduces“介绍”、shares“分享”均不符合融合之意。 10．句意：未来，这类机器人将被广泛应用于教育、公共服务和日常生活。 根据后文列举的应用领域，表示“广泛地”使用，应用widely。politely“礼貌地”、loudly“大声地”、bravely“勇敢地”均不符合应用场景的语境。 （八） （2025·福建厦门·模拟预测） In Shanghai, a new ice cream shop has recently become famous for its new food: ice creams made 1 traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). There are a lot of different 2 for you to choose from. Workers in the shop said that they use ice cream as the 3 part and add only a few herbal ingredients (草本成分) to improve the taste. The TCM ice cream has become popular 4 . The topic about it on Sina Weibo has received more than 50 million views and 10,000 comments (评论). Some people 5 whether these ice creams mixed with traditional Chinese medicine are safe enough, because they don’t know if they are good for health. However, others show their 6 . “I’m not afraid of putting on some weight after eating this kind of ice cream,” a Weibo user said. The rise of TCM ice cream shows that traditional Chinese medicine has become the popular ingredient of 7 food products. Today, young people place more importance on 8 and cultural confidence. 9 , the mixture of traditional Chinese medicine with modern foods is getting more and more popular in China. From herbal tea to these ice creams, traditional Chinese medicine is making its mark in our 10 habits. 1．A．from B．by C．in 2．A．tastes B．prices C．feelings 3．A．none B．main C．top 4．A．station B．online C．railway 5．A．believe B．think C．doubt 6．A．worries B．interest C．sadness 7．A．traditional B．modern C．local 8．A．health B．money C．power 9．A．As a result B．At the end of C．At that moment 10．A．shopping B．working C．eating 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】文章主要介绍上海一家新开的冰淇淋店因其用传统中药制作的新食品而闻名，这种中药冰淇淋在网上很受欢迎，同时人们对它的安全性存在疑虑，中药冰淇淋的兴起表明传统中药已成为现代食品的热门成分，体现了年轻人对健康和文化自信的重视。 1．句意：在上海，一家新的冰淇淋店最近因其新食品而闻名：用传统中药制作的冰淇淋。 from来自；by通过；in在……里面。根据“ice creams made...traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).”可知，此处指用传统中药制作的冰淇淋，be made from“由……制成”，固定短语，此处指看不出原材料。故选A。 2．句意：有很多不同的口味供你选择。 tastes口味；prices价格；feelings感觉。根据“There are a lot of different...for you to choose from.”及常识可知，冰淇淋有不同的口味。故选A。 3．句意：店里的工作人员说，他们用冰淇淋作为主要部分，只添加一些草本成分来改善味道。 none没有；main主要的；top顶端的。根据“add only a few herbal ingredients (草本成分) to improve the taste.”可知，添加一些草本成分来改善味道，由此推知冰淇淋是主要部分。故选B。 4．句意：中药冰淇淋在网上很受欢迎。 station车站；online在网上；railway铁路。根据“The topic about it on Sina Weibo has received more than 50 million views and 10,000 comments (评论).”可知，中药冰淇淋在网上很受欢迎。故选B。 5．句意：有些人怀疑这些混合了中药的冰淇淋是否足够安全，因为他们不知道它们是否对健康有益。 believe相信；think认为；doubt怀疑。根据“because they don’t know if they are good for health.”可知，人们不知道中药冰淇淋是否对健康有益，所以怀疑其安全性。故选C。 6．句意：然而，其他人则表现出他们的兴趣。 worries担心；interest兴趣；sadness悲伤。根据“I’m not afraid of putting on some weight after eating this kind of ice cream,”可知，有人不担心吃了这种冰淇淋会长胖，由此推知他们对中药冰淇淋感兴趣。故选B。 7．句意：中药冰淇淋的兴起表明，传统中药已成为现代食品的热门成分。 traditional传统的；modern现代的；local当地的。根据“the mixture of traditional Chinese medicine with modern foods is getting more and more popular in China.”可知，传统中药与现代食品的混合在中国越来越受欢迎，由此推知传统中药已成为现代食品的热门成分。故选B。 8．句意：如今，年轻人更加重视健康和文化自信。 health健康；money金钱；power力量。根据“the mixture of traditional Chinese medicine with modern foods is getting more and more popular in China.”可知，传统中药与现代食品的混合在中国越来越受欢迎，结合常识可知，中药与健康有关，由此推知年轻人更加重视健康。故选A。 9．句意：因此，传统中药与现代食品的混合在中国越来越受欢迎。 As a result因此；At the end of在……的结尾；At that moment在那时。根据“Today, young people place more importance on...and cultural confidence.”可知，年轻人更加重视健康和文化自信，由此推知“传统中药与现代食品的混合在中国越来越受欢迎”是重视健康和文化自信的结果。故选A。 10．句意：从凉茶到这些冰淇淋，传统中药正在我们的饮食习惯中留下印记。 shopping购物；working工作；eating饮食。根据“From herbal tea to these ice creams,”可知，凉茶和冰淇淋都属于饮食。故选C。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $