Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Learning About Language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册配套课件PPT（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language 语法项目——动词不定式作主语 目 录 NO.1 语境中体悟 NO.2 学案中理清 课时跟踪检测 NO.3 应用中融通 语境中体悟 NO.1 Develop a healthy lifestyle How to keep healthy① is always a concern for people. First of all， it is important for you to have② a light diet every day to maintain good health. Second， to go③ to bed early and get up early not only helps prevent diseases but also keeps you in good shape. Third， it’s wise of you to laugh④ more every day， which can help you improve your health through good emotional control. It’s important to follow⑤ good habits and keep a positive attitude. In addition， to exercise⑥ for half an hour every day can improve circulation and make your body healthier. Finally， to promote health， it is also an effective way to drink⑦ enough water every day. [语法入门] ①疑问词how+动词不定式短语作主语; ②④⑤⑦动词不定式作真正主语，it在句中作形式主语; ③⑥动词不定式作主语。 学案中理清 NO.2 一、不定式作主语　 　　[先感知] ①To clean the windows is today’s job. ②To jump out of the window is dangerous. ③To finish the work before Friday is not so easy. [会发现] 1.句①②③中动词不定式短语在句中作______，谓语动词采用______ __________形式; 2.句①②③中动词不定式短语都是具体的、一次性的或者具有______含义的动作。 [明规则] 不定式(短语)作主语，句子谓语动词采用第三人称单数形式。动词不定式(短语)作主语通常表示具体的、一次性的或者具有将来含义的动作。 主语 第三 人称单数 将来 名师点津: 不定式作主语与动名词作主语的区别 一般来说，不定式作主语，表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作;动名词作主语，表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为。但是在多数情况下，不定式与动名词作主语没有明显的区别。例如，“眼见为实”这句谚语可以翻译成以下两种形式: To see is to believe.(不定式作主语) Seeing is believing.(动名词作主语) [对点练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ①__________ (finish) reading the book will take you two hours.  ②______________ (get) up early is beneficial for your health.  ③______________________ is a happy thing in life.  爱与被爱是人生中一件幸福的事。 ④_________________________________ is very important.  使自己具备足够的技能是非常重要的。 To finish To get/Getting To love and to be loved To equip yourself with enough skills 二、it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语　 　　[先感知] ①It is interesting to play with snow in winter. ②It’s important for us to keep the water clean. ③It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship. ④It took me less than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening. [会发现] 1.句①②③④中动词不定式在句子中均作真正的______; 2.句①的句式结构为It is/was +_____+to do sth.; 3.句②的句式结构为It is/was +adj.+_______+to do sth.;  4.句③的句式结构为It is/was +___+to do sth.; 5.句④为“It ______________________________________”句型。  主语 adj. for sb. n. takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. [明规则] it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语有三种情况: 1.It is/was +n.+to do sth.; 2.It is/was +adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.; 3.It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth.。 [对点练]　 (单句语法填空) ①(2024·北京高考)It is a good option _________ (write) about China’s fast economic growth.  ②(2024·北京高考)Lastly， it’s essential ___________ (mention) China’s cultural prosperity.  ③(2025·全国Ⅰ卷写作)It would be a great opportunity for everyone ________ (share) memorable moments through this column， as we can not only record our school days but also inspire others with our stories.  to write to mention to share 三、“特殊疑问词+不定式”作主语　 　　[先感知] ①How to use the computer is a question. ②Where to go has not been decided. ③When to start hasn’t been decided yet. ④Whether to drive or take a taxi is still a question. [会发现] 1.句①②③中主语分别是_______________________，_________ ______，______________;  2.句④中主语是 _____________________________;  3.以上例句中谓语动词都是用的______________形式。 [明规则] 动词不定式也可与疑问词what， who， which， when， where， why， how或者连词whether等连用作主语。此时，句子谓语用第三人称单数形式。 How to use the computer Where to go When to start Whether to drive or take a taxi 第三人称单数 　[对点练] (1)单句语法填空 ①How __________ (balance) academic pressure and personal hobbies remains a challenge for many students.  ②Whether to compete in the relay race ___ (be) a decision that has to be made by our teacher. to balance is (2)句型转换 ③How to finish the work is still a question. →_______________________________ is still a question.(用主语从句改写句子)  How the work should be finished 应用中融通 NO.3 Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.It is a basic social custom ________ (offer) a cup of tea to them whenever guests visit.  2.It is common ______ (tip) the waiter in European countries.  3.It seemed selfish of him not _______ (give) them anything.  to offer to tip to give 4.It takes me one hour _________ (finish) the task.  5.As is known to all， ______ (do) morning exercises is good for our health.  6.__________ (realize) this aim needs my constant hard work and the support from my families.  to finish to do To realize Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)__________________________________ _____ surrounded by nature’s beauty. 在大自然的美景中创作艺术是一种令人耳目一新的体验。  2.______________________________ on behalf of my class and share my views on sportsmanship.  我很荣幸能站在这里代表我的班级，分享我对体育精神的看法。 It was a refreshing experience to create art It is my great honor to stand here 3._____________________________ is to experience Chinese musical traditions.  听这位音乐家的音乐是在体验中国音乐传统。 4._________________________ and cool down properly before and after running.  跑步前和跑步后做适当的热身和放松运动很重要。 To listen to the musician’s music It is important to warm up 课时跟踪检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Are you an early bird or a night owl? Our activity patterns and sleep cycles could influence our risk of heart disease. New research published in Experimental Physiology found wake/sleep cycles cause metabolic (新陈代谢) differences and change our body’s preference for energy sources. Researchers from Rutgers University， New Jersey， USA classified participants into two groups (early and late) based on their natural tendency to seek activity and sleep at different times. The participants were monitored for a week to assess their activity patterns across the day. They ate a calorie and nutrition⁃controlled diet and had to fast overnight to minimize dietary impact on the results. To study fuel preference， they were tested while at rest before completing two 15⁃minute period of exercise: one moderate and one high intensity session on a running machine. Aerobic (有氧的) fitness levels were tested through an incline challenge where the incline was raised 2.5% every two minutes until the participant reached a point of exhaustion. The researchers found that those who stay up later have a reduced ability to use fat for energy， meaning fats may build up in the body and increase the risk of heart disease. People who are “early birds” rely more on fat as an energy source and are more active during the day with higher levels of aerobic fitness than “night owls”. On the other hand， “night owls” use less fat for energy at rest and during exercise. Researchers also found that early birds use more fat for energy at both rest and during exercise than night owls. Professor Steven Malin from Rutgers University said， “We found that early birds are more physically active and have higher fitness levels than night owls. Further research is needed to examine the link between exercise and metabolic adaptation to identify whether exercising earlier in the day has greater health benefits.” 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人的活动模式和睡眠周期与心脏病风险之间的关系。 1.What does the underlined word “fast” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Move quickly.　　　　 B.Go without food. C.Exercise regularly. D.Fall sound asleep. √ 解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词前的had to可知，fast是动词;结合画线词所在句“They ate ... results.”可推知，ate ...diet和fast overnight都是“把饮食对结果的影响降到最低”的措施。由此推知，fast overnight是指“夜间禁食”，fast与go without food同义。故选B项。 2.How was the research conducted? A.By making a survey. B.By making contrasts. C.By providing examples. D.By introducing a concept. √ 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中“Researchers ... across the day.”和第三段的内容可知，研究人员根据参与者在不同时间寻求活动和睡眠的自然倾向将他们分为两组，然后以各种方式对参与者进行监测和测试，通过比较两组的结果来得出结论。故选B项。 3.What is the characteristic of the “early birds”? A.Having lower fitness level. B.Using less fat during exercise. C.Consuming more fat at rest. D.Being more active during the night. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，“早起的鸟儿”休息时会消耗更多脂肪。故选C项。 4.What is Malin’s attitude to the result of the research? A.Tolerant. B.Pessimistic. C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain. 解析:观点态度题。根据最后一段中Malin说的话“We found ... benefits.”可知，Malin认为虽然目前的研究表明，早起和健康水平之间存在相关性，但Malin不确定这两者之间的因果关系，以及早起锻炼对健康的潜在益处。他呼吁通过进一步的研究来检验这种联系。由此推知，他对研究结果持不确定的态度。故选D项。 √ Ⅱ.完形填空 When my cousin David was only fifty， he was diagnosed (诊断) with Pick’s disease. He gradually couldn’t recognize faces. In his earlier years， David had amazing 　5　. For example， in the eighth grade， his classmates chose some less 　6　 tasks while he built a full⁃sized musical instrument in a woodshop class. When David grew up， he became a director of a museum. And he was 　7　 in his field because of his wide knowledge of history. He also served as president of a national historical society. Then the disease forced him to leave these 　8　.  Later， his wife moved him to a care facility (场所). Workers there signaled friendliness and great patience. But I still found the environment 　9　. I asked a friend how she dealt with the 　10　. She worked in a similar unit in another care facility. 　11　， she said， “People in the nursing rooms have active minds， but their bodies are 　12　. Many of them often 　13　 in unfamiliar environments. But here in the dementia (痴呆) unit， it’s 　14　. These people don’t realize their minds have gone. They 　15　 each activity and take each day as it comes.”  I realized I was so focused on what David had 　16　. Instead of crying over what no longer was， I should 　　17　. It would， I thought， 　18　 both David and me when we were together. I still visit David these days. I’m filled with 　19　 whenever I watch him playing the piano， because I know he is bringing his listeners pleasure.  语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的表弟大卫原本才华横溢，但罹患匹克氏病后逐渐失去认知能力;幸好他在护理机构依然能欣赏每一项活动，珍惜每一天。这种行为让作者学会珍惜当下，而非沉湎于失去的过往。 5.A.adventures　　　　　 B.chances C.talents D.habits √ 解析:根据下文“in the eighth grade， his classmates chose some less 　　　　tasks while he built a full⁃sized musical instrument in a woodshop class”可知，八年级时大卫在木工课上制作了一个全尺寸的乐器，因此他早年就有惊人的天赋。  6.A.common B.challenging C.mysterious D.boring √ 解析:根据下文“while he built a full⁃sized musical instrument in a woodshop class”可知，此处是进行对比，大卫在木工课上制作了一个全尺寸的乐器，这是非常有难度的，与之相对的应该是他的同学们选择了一些不太具有挑战性的任务。 7.A.annoyed B.contacted C.guided D.respected √ 解析:根据下文“because of his wide knowledge of history”可知，大卫对历史有着广泛了解，因此他在他的领域受到尊重。 8.A.roles B.dreams C.hobbies D.plans √ 解析:根据上文“When David grew up， he became a director of a museum.”和“He also served as president of a national historical society.”可知，此处指脱离上文提到的这些社会角色。 9.A.discouraging B.unfashionable C.impressive D.satisfying √ 解析:根据上文“Workers there signaled friendliness and great patience.”和表示转折的“But”可知，虽然护理机构的工作人员表现得友善且极富耐心，但作者仍不满意，觉得那里的环境令人沮丧。 10.A.emotion B.evidence C.atmosphere D.reaction √ 解析:根据上文“But I still found the environment 　　　　.”可知，作者就护理机构的环境表达看法，向朋友询问的应该是如何应对这种氛围。  11.A.Luckily B.Surprisingly C.Obviously D.Gradually √ 解析:根据最后一段首句“I realized I was so focused on what David had 　　　　.”可知，这位朋友所说的话让作者有了新的感悟，因此其表述的内容是令人惊讶的。  12.A.improving B.observing C.failing D.recovering √ 解析:根据上文“People in the nursing rooms have active minds”和表示转折的“but”可知，虽然疗养院的人思想活跃，但他们的身体机能却在衰退。 13.A.appear B.adapt C.apologize D.complain √ 解析:根据上文“People in the nursing rooms have active minds， but their bodies are 　　　　.”和“in unfamiliar environments”可知，疗养院的人思想和身体活动是不同步的，因此其中许多人在不熟悉的环境中会抱怨。  14.A.different B.familiar C.worthwhile D.convenient √ 解析:根据下文“These people don’t realize their minds have gone.”可知，痴呆症病房里的人没有意识到他们的思想已经消失了，因此他们的情况与护理病房里思想活跃的人是不同的。 15.A.prevent B.appreciate C.memorize D.refuse √ 解析:根据上文“These people don’t realize their minds have gone.”可知，痴呆症病房里的人没有意识到他们的思想已经消失了，因此他们能欣赏每一项活动。 16.A.organized B.feared C.lost D.valued √ 解析:根据上文“He gradually couldn’t recognize faces.”可知，大卫逐渐出现面容失认症状，作者之前关注的是他失去的认知能力。 17.A.get away B.cheer up C.stand out D.fall behind √ 解析:根据上文“Instead of crying over what no longer was”可推知，作者不再为大卫不再拥有的东西哭泣，而是振作起来，为其现在的状态而开心。 18.A.replace B.cheat C.confuse D.benefit √ 解析:根据上文“Instead of crying over what no longer was”可知，不再为不再存在的东西哭泣，而是珍惜当下，这对两人都有好处。 19.A.curiosity B.courage C.pride D.anxiety √ 解析:根据下文“whenever I watch him playing the piano， because I know he is bringing his listeners pleasure”可知，弹钢琴时，大卫为听众带来了快乐，作者会因此充满了自豪。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分) 20.　　　　 (maintain) a healthy diet can be hard today because of busy lives and lots of ready⁃made foods. But experts say that it is important 21.　　　　 (eat) foods full of good nutrients. For example， eating fruits and green vegetables 22.　　　　　(help) fight off body stress and reduces the risk of developing long⁃term illnesses.  It’s not just about what we eat， but how we eat. Mindful eating， 23.　　　　 means taking time to enjoy each bite， can help our stomach work better and stop us from overeating. Also， knowing which foods go well together matters， like eating 24.　　　 (balance) diets can help our bodies take in more nutrients.  Legumes， nuts， and seeds are excellent 25.　　　 (alternative) to meat， 26.　　　　 (provide) essential amino acids without excessive fat. 27.　　　　 (additional)， people often forget to drink enough water， but enough water helps the body function and keeps the mind clear. In the end， 28.　　　　 is advisable to consult professionals before making drastic changes.While some popular diets sound good， 29.　　　　 real way to stay healthy is through habits that last， not quick fixes.  语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代社会中健康饮食的重要性。 20.Maintaining　考查动名词。此处为动名词作主语。 21.to eat　考查不定式。此处为it is +adj.+to do sth. 结构，不定式是真正的主语。 22.helps　考查时态和主谓一致。描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时;主语是eating fruits and green vegetables，谓语动词应该用单数。 23.which　考查定语从句。该空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Mindful eating，应用which引导。 24.balanced　考查形容词。此处修饰名词diets，应用形容词。 25.alternatives　考查名词复数。前面主语是复数，所以表语也应该是复数。 26.providing　考查现在分词。此处是现在分词短语作伴随状语，provide与逻辑主语Legumes， nuts， and seeds 是主动关系。 27.Additionally　考查副词。此处位于句首，应用副词修饰整个句子且句首单词的首字母应大写。 28.it　考查代词。此处为it is +adj.+to do sth.结构，it作形式主语。 29.the　考查冠词。后面有不定式作定语，此处名词应为特指，应用定冠词。 本课结束 $