Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Learning About Language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦动词不定式用法复习，通过“语境中体悟”呈现9个含不定式的句子引导学生感知，再“语法入门”归纳其作主语、表语等功能，搭建从语境感知到规律总结的学习支架，衔接前后语法知识。 其亮点是“语境-学案-应用”三阶设计，结合高考真题对点练，以表格梳理时态语态、口诀分类作宾语动词，培养语言能力（语境理解）、思维品质（系统归纳）和学习能力（应用巩固）。学生能高效掌握语法规律，教师可通过分层练习提升教学针对性。

Section Ⅲ　　Learning About Language 语法项目——复习过去分词 目 录 NO.1 语境中体悟 NO.2 学案中理清 课时跟踪检测 NO.3 应用中融通 语境中体悟 NO.1 To be kind to difficulty① is to be cruel to yourself ②.I don‘t remember who said that.When we are faced with difficulties， our main task is to find out the root of the problem③， and then figure out how to solve the problem.It is not advisable to be afraid of difficulties④in the face of them.A variety of approaches can help you to move⑤ on.One way is to find someone⑥ to talk to⑦.Secondly， a better way is to look for experienced people⑧ to share your inner thoughts⑨ with.In addition， the most effective and direct way is to take immediate action⑩ .Only in this way can we overcome the difficulties and move forward. [语法入门] ①④不定式短语作主语； ②③⑥⑧⑩不定式短语作表语； ⑤不定式短语作宾语补足语； ⑦不定式短语作定语； ⑨不定式短语作状语。 学案中理清 NO.2 一、动词不定式的时态和语态 项目 主动 被动 意义 一般式 to do to be done 与谓语动作同时或在其后发生 进行式 to be doing 无 在谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行 完成式 to have done to have been done 在谓语动作之前发生 ①I noticed him go out. 我看见他出去了。(notice与go out同时发生) ②He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. 他犹豫了一下，然后说他决定不去跑步了。(run的动作在decide后发生) ③The programme， the topic of which will be environmental protection in our daily life， is scheduled to be held next Friday. 这个节目的主题是我们日常生活中的环境保护，节目定于下周五举行。(hold的动作发生在is scheduled之后) ④I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time. 我很抱歉让你久等了。(keep发生在be sorry前) [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①(2025·浙江1月高考)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women ______ (rent) rather than purchase them outright， providing a less expensive solution to one－time event dressing. ②(2024·浙江1月高考)As I rushed outdoors ________ (empty) the wastepaper baskets， the door swung shut behind me. ③(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years， people have told fables (寓言) ________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. to rent to empty to teach ④The engine just won't start.Something seems ____________ (go) wrong with it. ⑤He is thought ____________ (hide) in the woods now. ⑥Tom pretended not _____________ (hear) about the news， but in fact he knew it very well last week. to have gone to be hiding to have heard 二、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义　 1．动词不定式作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系时。 We have masses of work to do today.Hurry up! 今天，我们有很多工作要做。快点儿！ 2．在“be＋性质形容词＋动词不定式”结构中。 The water is not fit to drink， so hold out until we get to a shop. 这水不能喝。因此坚持一下，直到我们找到商店。 3．动词不定式与疑问代词连用时。 I'm trying to get her a good gift， but I don't know what to choose. 我想送她一件好礼物，但不知道选什么好。 4．在be to blame， be to let， be to seek 中，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 I felt I was to blame for this bicycle accident. 对于这次自行车事故，我觉得我应该受到责备。 [对点练]　 (完成句子) ①This machine is __________________ .Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. 这台机器很容易操作。任何人都能在几分钟内学会使用它。 ②The airport _______________ next year will help promote tourism in this area. 明年将要完工的机场将会帮助促进这一地区的旅游业发展。 very easy to operate to be completed ③The realization that this is a precious land， _______________ by humans， was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。 ④She teaches us not only how to gain knowledge but also ______ __________ . 她不仅教给我们如何获得知识，而且教我们如何行为得体。 to be respected how to behave well 三、动词不定式的语法功能　 1．作主语 (1)动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未发生的动作，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语，即动词不定式后置。 (2)在“It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb.to do sth.”结构中，若形容词侧重于评价人物的性格、品质，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind， nice， foolish， generous等，且sb.与形容词之 间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。 It's a great pleasure to talk with you. 和你交谈是一种很大的乐趣。 It is generous of him to contribute so much. 他捐献了这么多真是太慷慨了。 It is important for us to live a low－carbon life. 过低碳生活对我们来说很重要。 2．作宾语 常用不定式作宾语的动词 三个希望两答应：hope， wish， want， agree， promise 两个要求莫拒绝：demand， ask， refuse 设法学会做决定：manage， learn， decide 不要假装在选择：pretend， choose “动词＋it＋adj./n.＋动词不定式”结构 it为形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。常用于该结构的动词有feel， find， think， believe， consider， make等 ①I promise to keep you company on weekends. 我保证周末陪你。 They demanded to know the truth. 他们要求知道真相。 Tina has decided to go to Rome for her holidays. 蒂娜已决定去罗马度假。 We think it possible to finish the task ahead of time. 我们认为提前完成任务是有可能的。 3．作表语 动词不定式作表语时需放在系动词后面，表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用。系动词主要是be动词(am， is， are， was， were等)和表象系动词(seem， appear等)；主语常常是dream， wish， idea， plan， task， purpose， aim， duty， job等表示意向、打算、职责等意义的词。 His dream is to become an astronaut. 他的梦想是成为一名宇航员。 My main task is to get this company running smoothly. 我的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。 She seems to get along well with her new classmates. 她似乎和她的新同学相处得很好。 4．作定语 动词不定式作定语，通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。 She is always the first to come and the last to leave.(主谓关系) 她总是第一个到，最后一个离开。 Have you got a letter to write？(动宾关系) 你有一封信要写吗？ Do you have the ability to read and write in English？(同位关系) 你有用英语读写的能力吗？ 5．作状语 (1)动词不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，有时也可以表示结果、原因等。 She was surprised to see George walk in. 看到乔治进来，她很惊讶。 (2)动词不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do， so as to do， to do等，但so as to do不能置于句首。 In order to pass the exam， he worked hard. 为了通过考试，他努力学习。 6．作补语 (1)ask， tell， invite， get， advise， allow， want， permit， warn， order， encourage， prefer， expect， force， wish， beg等表示命令、教导、要求、意向、允许、警告等意义的动词后常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。 She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them. 她耐心地向学生们解释了所有的规则，并要求每个人都要遵循这些规则。 He depends on you to help him with his English. 他指望你帮助他学英语。 (2)下列动词(短语)接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语：一感(feel)，二听(hear， listen to)，三让(let， have， make)，五看(see， notice， observe， watch， look at)，半帮助(help)，但在变为被动语态时需加to。 Nobody saw him come in.(主动语态) 没人看见他进来。 The thief was observed to enter the shop.(被动语态) 有人看见小偷进了那家商店。 (3)下列句型中常用动词不定式作主语补足语： sb.be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought＋to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done sth. The novel is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说，这部小说被译成多种语言了。 The accident is reported to have killed two people. 据报道，那起事故中有两人丧生。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)We hope __________ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context， and initiate dialogues with minimalist art， conceptual art and expressionism. ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. ③(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level， the national parks， in particular， tend ________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. to present to give to catch ④(2024·浙江1月高考)It is so easy _____ (let) an online course slide， but your grades will suffer as a result. ⑤He hurried to the station， only _________ (tell) that the tickets had been sold out. ⑥We found it difficult ________ (finish) the work on time. to let to be told to finish 应用中融通 NO.3 用所给词的适当形式填空 ① _______ (get) to school on time， I got up early in the morning.Unfortunately， on the way to school， I was held up in a traffic jam.With a car accident ② __________ (occur) in front of us， the congestion became increasingly serious and my taxi had great difficulty ③ ________ (move) ahead.④ ________ (save) time， we had no choice but ⑤ _________ (change) our route.Thanks to my taxi driver's To get occurring moving To save to change excellent ⑥ ________ (drive) skills， we managed ⑦ ________ (choose) a new route and avoided ⑧ _____________ (trap) in the traffic jam.Eventually， to my relief， I succeeded in ⑨ ________ (arrive) at school on time.When I talked with my classmates about my experience on my way to school， they reminded me not ⑩ ________ (take) a taxi， but to ride a bike. driving to choose being trapped arriving to take 课时跟踪检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Some talk of building settlements on the moon or mars to help make sure humanity survives long into the future. Others have their sights set closer to home： on future cities under the ocean. “Technologically speaking， it is absolutely possible to colonize the bottom of the sea，” says Fabien Cousteau， a well－known ocean explorer who once spent 31 days living in what is now the world's only functioning undersea habitat， Aquarius. It's about the size of a school bus and located 62 feet below the ocean surface off the Florida Keys. Just as astronauts test what it would be like to live in space， aquanauts try out undersea living with an eye on the future. Escaping from disasters such as climate change is one reason to live under the sea. Others include studying， exploring， or appreciating the ocean. It's costly to constantly keep up an ocean habitat which must pump in or make its own air， electricity， and fresh water. Inhabitants have to deal with high pressure. And infections can develop rapidly due to high humidity. Despite the challenges， several new ocean habitats and cities are under construction. A series of space station — like undersea living quarters for aquanauts called Proteus are scheduled to be completed off Curacao， an island north of Venezuela in South America. An undersea colony called Ven Base Alpha will be built near a hydrothermal vent， which would supply it with energy. Meanwhile， an undersea city called Ocean Spiral in Japan would link its surface to the deep sea， using the difference in pressure to generate energy and produce fresh water. This sounds amazing， but it would be extremely expensive and remains just a design. Not everyone agrees that building homes in the ocean is a good idea. This type of development could place even more strain on ecosystems that are already struggling with pollution and climate change. It's important to make sure that any construction is done carefully， says Susanne Menden－Deuer， an oceanographer at the University of Rhode Island. Wild undersea habitats should be treated as “the precious， irreplaceable resource that they are，” she says. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在海底建立居住地的可能性、面临的挑战及对生态环境的潜在影响。 1．What do we know about Aquarius? A．It is still under construction. B．It functions as an undersea school bus. C．It is the only ocean habitat in operation. D．It only allows a person to live there for 31 days. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘Technologically speaking ...the sea，’says Fabien Cousteau ...in what is now the world's only functioning undersea habitat， Aquarius.”可知，Aquarius是目前唯一在运行的海洋栖息地。故选C。 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The present and future of living under the sea. B．The reasons and challenges of living under the sea. C．The purpose and cost of building undersea settlements. D．The problems and findings of building undersea settlements. √ 解析:段落大意题。第三段先提到“Escaping from disasters ... appreciating the ocean.”，即生活在海底的原因，接着指出“It's costly ... due to high humidity.”，即在海底生活面临的挑战。所以第三段主要讲的是在海底生活的原因和面临的挑战。故选B。 3．What would be the result of building homes in the ocean according to the text? A．Rapid development of undersea habitats. B．Protection of irreplaceable ocean resource. C．Negative impacts on undersea ecosystems. D．Struggles with pollution and climate change. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This type of ...and climate change.” 可知，在海洋中建造房屋会对海底生态系统产生负面影响。故选C。 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A novel.　　　　　　 B．A diary. C．A news report. D．A science magazine. √ 解析:文章出处题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了在海底建造定居点和城市的可能性、原因、面临的挑战以及一些正在建设的项目，还讨论了这种发展对生态系统的影响，内容涉及科学探索和研究等方面，符合科学杂志的主题范畴。故本文最有可能来自科学杂志。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I had always been fascinated by the idea of traveling alone. The thought of 5 new places， meeting different people， and having unique experiences on my own 6 me. So， when I got the chance to take a solo trip to a small coastal town， I 7 it without hesitation. As soon as I arrived， I was 8 by the beautiful scenery. The sound of the waves crashing against the shore， the salty smell of the sea， and the warm sun on my face made me feel 9 . I spent my days exploring the narrow streets of the town， visiting local 10 to buy souvenirs， and chatting with the friendly locals. One day， I decided to go on a hike along a cliffside trail. The view was breathtaking， but the trail was 11 in some parts. As I was carefully making my way through a steep section， I 12 my footing and slipped. I landed hard on my knee and elbow， and pain shot through my body. I was 13 and worried about how I would get back to town. Just then， a young man who was also hiking came by. He quickly 14 to help me. He checked my injuries and 15 me to a nearby bench. He offered me water and some snacks from his backpack and waited with me until I felt better. Thanks to his kindness， I was able to make it back to town safely. It 16 me that even when traveling on my own， I was not truly 17 . There were kind－hearted people everywhere who were willing to lend a hand. It also made me more 18 of the unexpected challenges that could come my way， but I was 19 to face them with a positive attitude. 语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作者首次独自旅行时不慎受伤，幸得陌生徒步者帮助，由此感悟到独自旅行并不孤单，世间处处有温情，同时也意识到面对旅途中的挑战需保持积极态度。 5．A.discovering B．leaving C．missing D．passing √ 解析:根据上文“I had always been fascinated by the idea of traveling alone.”和下文“new places， meeting different people， and having unique experiences”可知，此处指独自旅行，去发现新的地方，遇见不同的人。故选A。 6．A.puzzled B．excited C．frightened D．confused √ 解析:上文“I had always been fascinated by the idea of traveling alone.”和“unique experiences”表明积极情感，“excited”(使兴奋)与上文的正向态度一致，指独自旅行的想法让作者感到兴奋。故选B。 7．A.tried out B．put forward C．jumped at D．set about √ 解析:根据下文“without hesitation”可知，作者果断接受机会。故选C。 8．A.moved B．attracted C．annoyed D．inspired √ 解析:根据下文“The sound of the waves crashing against the shore， the salty smell of the sea， and the warm sun on my face made me feel __________ .”可知，作者被美丽的风景吸引住了。故选B。 9．A.relaxed B．stressed C．lonely D．depressed √ 解析:根据上文“The sound of the waves crashing against the shore， the salty smell of the sea， and the warm sun on my face”可知，海浪拍打海岸的声音、海水的咸味，以及作者脸上温暖的阳光，都让作者感到很放松。故选A。 10．A.factories B．schools C．farms D．shops √ 解析:根据上文“I spent my days exploring the narrow streets of the town”和下文“to buy souvenirs”可知，旅行中探索街道时通常会逛商店去购买纪念品。故选D。 11．A.smooth B．wide C．dangerous D．short √ 解析:根据上文“go on a hike along a cliffside trail”以及下文“As I was carefully making my way through a steep section， I __________ my footing and slipped.”可知，小路有些地方很危险。故选C。 12．A.lost B．found C．kept D．improved √ 解析:根据下文“my footing and slipped”可知，作者失去了平衡，滑倒了。动词短语lose one's footing意为“未站稳；失去平衡”，符合语境。故选A。 13．A.calm B．brave C．confident D．scared √ 解析:根据上文“I landed hard on my knee and elbow， and pain shot through my body.”可知，作者膝盖和手肘着地，重重地摔在地上，疼痛传遍全身，所以作者很害怕。故选D。 14．A.continued B．stopped C．pretended D．refused √ 解析:根据下文“He checked my injuries and __________ me to a nearby bench.”可知，一个也在徒步旅行的年轻人赶快停下来帮助作者。故选B。 15．A.looked B．pushed C．took D．forced √ 解析:根据上文“He checked my injuries”以及空后“me to a nearby bench”可知，他检查了作者的伤势后，把作者带到附近的长椅上。故选C。 16．A.struck B．beat C．warned D．informed √ 解析:根据空后“even when traveling ...lend a hand”可知，作者突然意识到：即使独自旅行，也并非真正孤单，因为到处都有好心人愿意伸出援助之手。“It strikes sb. that ...”为固定句型，意为“某人突然意识到……”。故选A。 17．A.busy B．free C．alone D．tired √ 解析:根据上文“Thanks to his kindness， I was able to make it back to town safely.”以及“even when traveling on my own”可知，作者虽然是独自旅行，但是遇到困境后有人伸出援助之手。全文围绕“独自旅行 (traveling alone)”展开，此处指虽然是独自旅行但并非真的是孤单一人，形成主题闭环。故选C。 18．A.afraid B．aware C．ashamed D．proud √ 解析:根据下文“the unexpected challenges that could come my way”可知，这一次独自旅行中受伤的经历，让作者更加意识到旅途中可能会遇到意想不到的挑战。故选B。 19．A.sorry B．tired C．ready D．worried √ 解析:根据上文“the unexpected challenges that could come my way”以及转折词“but”可知，未来可能会遇到意想不到的挑战，但作者已经准备好用积极的态度去面对。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分) Archaeologists have discovered a wooden Mayan boat in southern Mexico， believed 20. ________ (be) over 1，000 years old. 21. ________ (measure) over 5 feet (1.5 m)， it was found almost completely undamaged in a freshwater pool near the ruined Mayan city of Chichen Itza.The rare find came during 22. ________ (construct) work on a new tourist railway known as the Maya Train. Experts from Parises Sorbonne University have been helping with discovering the canoe's exact age and type. 23. ________ 3D model of it would also be made to allow 24. ________ (copy) to be made， and to facilitate further study. The Mayan civilisation flourished (繁荣) before Spain conquered the region.In their time， the Mayans ruled large stretches of territory in 25.________ is now southern Mexico， Guatemala， Belize and Honduras. The boat has been dated 26. ________ 830 AD and 950 AD， towards the end of the Mayan civilisation's golden age. Around this period， the Mayan civilisation 27. ________ (suffer) a major political collapse， marked by the abandonment of cities 28. ________ (dot) around modern－day Central America — leaving ruins of towering pyramids and other stone buildings. No single theory for this collapse has been widely accepted， 29. ________ it's believed that a combination of internal warfare， drought and overpopulation may have been contributing factors. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个考古发现：考古学家在墨西哥南部发现了一艘玛雅人的木船。 20．to be　考查固定短语。(be) believed to be ...“被认为是……”。结合句意，此处指这艘木船被认为有1 000多年的历史，故填to be。 21．Measuring　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处在句中作状语，此处measure“量度为”为系动词，不及物，没有被动语态，与句子主语it为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式，因其处于句首，所以首字母大写，故填Measuring。 22．construction　考查名词。此处construction work，意为“建设工程”，故填construction。 23．The　考查冠词。分析可知，此处指这艘木制的玛雅船的3D模型会被制作出来，所以表示特指，空处位于句首，首字母要大写，故填The。 24．copies　考查名词复数。空前allow为动词，所以此处要用名词作宾语。copy“复制品”为可数名词，结合句中“to be made，and to facilitate further study”可知，复制品不止一个，所以此处要用复数，故填copies。 25．what　考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，所以应用连接代词what。 26．between　考查固定短语。固定短语between ...and ...“在……和……之间”。结合句意，此处指船存在于公元830年和950年之间，故填between。 27．suffered　考查动词的时态。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填suffered。 28．dotted　考查非谓语动词。(be) dotted around“分散在……周围”，此处指城市分散在现代美洲大陆中央周围，故填dotted。 29．but　考查连词。分析句意可知，空前和空后的内容为转折关系，故填but。 本课结束 $