Unit 3 Section Ⅰ “Reading and Thinking”的课文习读环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“海洋探索”主题，涵盖人类海洋探索历史、海上丝绸之路、海洋保护等内容，聚焦语言能力培养，通过泛读理清文脉、精读分析细节、写作输出观点的学习支架，帮助学生构建从理解到应用的知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质，通过课文写法借鉴赏析用词句式及衔接逻辑，结合美文阅读中深海探索科学发现，培养学生分析议论文结构、推断段落功能的能力，如分析郑和远航体现的文化交流，增强人类命运共同体意识。学生能提升语言运用与跨文化理解能力，教师可借助系统资源优化教学效率。

UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION 1 把握单元素养目标 主题意识 本单元在“人与自然”的主题语境下，围绕“海洋探索”这一主题展开，通过介绍人类海洋探索的历史与意义、海上丝绸之路、我国海洋科考的发展、海洋传说故事、海洋生物多样性、人类活动对海洋的影响、海洋环境保护、世界海洋日等内容，引导学生多角度、全方位地思考人类与海洋的关系，理解海洋探索对国家乃至全人类发展的重要性，树立人类命运共同体意识，认识到尊重自然、保护生态是可持续发展的必由之路。 语法 项目 能够理解动词不定式在语篇中作不同句子成分的用法，并在不同语境中进行综合运用。 续表 语言 输入 听 能够听懂并理解观鲸活动的基本内容，能准确获取主旨大意；注意顺序词的运用，进而获取关键信息。 读 阅读介绍中国海洋探索历史的文章，了解中国古代和现代的海洋探索进程，理解说明文的结构特点和说明方法；阅读关于海洋开发利弊的正反论述，理解议论文的结构特征。 看 通过浏览相关图文，获取关键信息；结合文字和图片，理解海洋探索对于国家发展的重要性。 语言 输出 写 能够有理有据地写出关于海洋开发利弊的议论文。 说 能够在叙述探访海洋生物的计划时，利用表达顺序的话语标记，使表达条理清晰、层次分明。 Section Ⅰ　“Reading and Thinking”的课文习读环节 目 录 NO.1 课文阅读理解 NO.2 课文写法借鉴 NO.3 美文阅读润心 课时跟踪检测 课文阅读理解 NO.1 Ⅰ.理清文脉结构 泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 cultural exchange influence efforts reach out Ⅱ.把握主旨大意 1．What is the theme of the text about? A.Looking ahead to the exploration of the sea. B.Describing trade and curiosity's influence on the sea. C.Analysing the causes of human exploration of the sea. D.Introducing the achievements and future of human exploration of the sea. √ 2．Match the main idea with each part. Part 1(Para.1) A．The sea exploration in ancient China. Part 2(Paras.2～3) B．The sea exploration in today's China. Part 3(Paras.4～5) C．The reasons to explore other places. Part 4(Para.6) D．The exploration in the future. 精读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)阅读理解 1．Why did the early explorers search for sea routes? A．To find the sea routes from east to west. B．To discover the mysteries of the sea. C．Being driven by curiosity and the need to trade. D．Being inspired by Marco Polo's tales. √ √ 2．What's the influence of the Silk Road? A．To discover the mysteries of the sea. B．To promote trade deals and learn each other's cultures. C．To find the sea routes from west to east. D．To study and understand climate change and its effects. 3．How can we describe Zheng He's voyages at that time? A．Astonishing. B．Disappointing. C．Frightening. D．Encouraging. √ √ 4．What is the function of the first sentence in the 4th paragraph? A．To present the background. B．To introduce the topic. C．To provide an example. D．To make a transition. [Tip] 判断段落首句功能 解答询问段落首句功能的阅读理解题时，需留意首句与段落主旨的关系，看其是否直接点明主题或观点；观察首句在逻辑方面的作用，如引出下文论述、提出问题引发思考、进行对比或转折等；考虑首句与上文段落的衔接，判断是否有承上启下、呼应或补充上文的作用。如本题，第四段首句承接上文所述的早期航海探索，并引出下文提到的21世纪海上丝绸之路。由此可知，正确答案为D项。 √ 5．What is the reason for China exploring the Arctic in the scientific aspect? A．To meet an urgent need for resources. B．To do research on its climate change and its effects. C．To communicate with other countries. D．To explore new trading sea routes. (二)阅读表达 1．What will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future? The need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships. 2．What contributed to the cultural communication with each other? Merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals. 3．What should we do to make contributions to enhancing integration with other countries? To contribute to better integration with other countries， we can learn foreign languages， study different cultures.Also， we can promote international trade through shipping.Moreover， sharing our own culture is important. |阅|读|技|能|提|升| 厘脉络，明主旨 本文是说明文，介绍了中国从古至今的海洋探索历程。文章脉络清晰，逐层推进。作者用一条时间线贯穿全文，从早期的航海探索到明代郑和下西洋，再到现代的“一带一路”和中国海洋科考，最后表达了对未来的展望。阅读时注意从各段首句中标记出关键词汇，梳理出时间线索，从而更好地把握文章的主旨。 课文写法借鉴 NO.2 (一)赏用词之妙 1．Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. 赏析：curiosity与trade搭配，共同构成人类取得伟大成就的基石，为下文人类探索海洋指明原因。此处curiosity为名词，意为“求知欲；好奇心”。 2．These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. 赏析：作者使用sight一词形象地描绘了郑和带领的七支大型船队浩浩荡荡出行的壮观景象，同时也突出了人类通过海洋传播文化的历史事实。a sight to behold意为“壮观的景象”。此处sight为名词，意为“景象；情景；视野；视觉”，其同义词有view， scenery等。 提能训练 ①(单句语法填空)The moment I was back home， __________ (curious)drove me to unwrapped the delicately－packed present. ②(词汇升级)The sunrise at the seaside was well worth seeing. ____________________ curiosity quite a sight to behold (二)赏句式之高 1．Here， merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals， which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. 赏析：此句是主从复合句。句中to negotiate trade deals是动词不定式短语作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句。 该句描述了中国商人和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起的盛况。 2．The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road， which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. 赏析：此句是主从复合句。句中travelled by Zheng He是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰The ancient sea routes；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。该句介绍了“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的发展。 提能训练/完成句子 ① _________________________________ ， scientists have made great efforts， _____________________________ . 为了探索海洋的奥秘，科学家们付出了巨大的努力，这带来了许多发现。 ②The damaged ships， ____________________________ ， tell stories of past voyages， _________________________ . 在海底发现的受损船只讲述着过去航行的故事，这些故事让研究人员着迷。 To explore the mysteries of the ocean which has led to many discoveries found at the bottom of the ocean which fascinate researchers (三)赏衔接之顺 Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements.To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.However， merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. 赏析：本段表明贸易往来和对世界的好奇心驱使着人类探索未知的世界，列举了马可·波罗、哥伦布等知名的西方航海家。接着用“However”话锋一转，提到了更早之前，东方就有向西方航行的探险活动，由此引出中国的海洋探索历史。 提能训练/完成句子 The next day， I went to Jenny's house.Before the speech， ____________________________. 第二天，我去了珍妮家。然而，就在演讲之前，我改变了主意。 however， I changed my mind 美文阅读润心 NO.3 在浩瀚无垠的海洋深处，隐藏着无数未知的秘密与奇迹。古老的沉船诉说着往昔的探险故事，奇异的生物展现着生命的顽强魅力，珍贵的资源等待着被发掘。让我们一同潜入这神秘的深海世界，开启一场惊心动魄的探索之旅吧。 DIVING DEEP Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks.All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's furthest corners.Among these is the Esmeralda， the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia.Today， some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail， there is little — if any — land on our planet left unexplored.We have more detailed maps of the Moon， and even of Venus and Mars， than we do of Earth's own sea bed. Given our limited knowledge， it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields.As with the discovery of the Esmeralda， many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters near the coast.These may sometimes include whole cities buried beneath the waves.One such find is the ancient Roman city of Neápolis， discovered off the coast of Tunisia.Believed to have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD， the ruins of Neápolis are almost 2，000 years old.The remaining streets and buildings offer a window into a ① fascinating period in our history.However， we are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure， darkness and extreme cold at vast depths.Fragments of the past lying deep beneath the oceans are still waiting to be discovered. Amazing biological discoveries are also being made.The dark zones of the oceans may contain up to 90 per cent of the planet's fish.In these waters， more than 200 metres deep， where light cannot reach， are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.Imagine bone－white coral 6，000 metres below the ② ③ ocean's surface， growing at the rate of only one or two millimetres per year.Some of these could be 4，000 years old.Swimming through these black depths is the barreleye， a strange fish with eyes that can look upwards through its transparent forehead.In the very deepest ocean trenches that are more than 8，000 metres below the surface， the pressure is equivalent to 50 aeroplanes stacked one on top of another.Yet there is still life to be found， even around the deep－sea volcanic openings.These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet， even in the most extreme circumstances. Furthermore， the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources， some of which are completely new to us.Most notable of these is China's discovery of an ice－like substance， known as “fire ice”， under the South China Sea.In addition， China's underwater vessels， such as the Jiaolong and Shenhai Yongshi， have been exploring waters at depths of thousands of metres.The Jiaolong even holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine， at 7，062 metres， giving China its place alongside the world's top ocean explorers.The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed， as well as helping identify areas for deep－sea drilling， taking deep－sea exploration into a whole new era. Being a tough environment of complete darkness， enormous pressure and intense cold， the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration.However， through closer international scientific， economic and cultural cooperation， we are all becoming part of a global mission to open up our planet's final frontier.Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery， and the world beneath the waves may one day be almost as familiar to us as the land we walk upon today. 阅读理解 1．What caused the ancient Roman city of Neápolis to be buried underwater according to the text? A．A terrible earthquake. B．A volcanic eruption. C．A tsunami. D．A hurricane. √ √ 2．Which of the achievements makes China one of the world's top ocean explorers? A．The discovery of “fire ice”． B．The discovery of the ruins of Neápolis. C．The discovery of the Esmeralda. D．China's vessel， Jiaolong， holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine. 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The depths of the ocean are within the range of human exploration. B．It is better for a country to explore the ocean alone. C．Ocean exploration requires international cooperation. D．Man has become familiar with the underwater world. √ 素养积累 1.由文积词汇 shipwreck n. 失事的船；沉船 Venus n. 金星 fragment n. 碎片；片段 intense adj. 强烈的；紧张的 frontier n. 边界；前沿 beneath prep. 在……下面 2.据文悟句式 句①　it is no surprise that ...意为“不足为奇的是……”，其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。 句②　where引导定语从句，修饰先行词these waters。 句③　as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。 课时跟踪检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The deep sea， an unseen world lying beneath the surface of the oceans， holds countless mysteries and wonders waiting to be discovered. Only a fraction of this vast underwater realm has been explored， leaving much of it a complete unknown. One of the most fascinating aspects of the deep sea is its biodiversity. Despite the extreme conditions， such as the pressure of water at depths of several kilometers and the near－freezing temperatures， life has found a way to thrive. From bioluminescent (生物发光的) creatures that light up the darkness to giant squid with eyes as big as dinner plates， the deep sea is a treasure trove of unique species. Scientists have discovered that many deep－sea creatures have adapted to their harsh environment in remarkable ways. For example， some fish have developed transparent skulls to allow more light to reach their eyes， enabling them to see in the dimly lit depths. Others have evolved to have no eyes at all， relying instead on other senses such as smell and touch to navigate and hunt. In addition to its biodiversity， the deep sea also plays a crucial role in the Earth's ecosystems. It is a major carbon sink， absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in the form of calcium carbonate in the shells of organisms like plankton and mollusks. This process helps to regulate the Earth's climate and mitigate the impacts of global warming. However， the deep sea is not immune to the impacts of human activities. Fishing， mining， and pollution all pose threats to this fragile ecosystem. Overfishing can deplete the populations of deep－sea species， disrupting their food chains and potentially leading to broader ecological impacts. Mining activities can cause physical damage to the seabed， while pollution can contaminate the water and harm marine life. As we continue to explore and learn more about the deep sea， it is crucial that we do so responsibly. By understanding and protecting this hidden world， we can ensure that its wonders remain intact for future generations to marvel at and learn from. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了深海作为海洋表面之下的未知世界，蕴含着无数奥秘，目前大部分区域尚未被探索。深海对调节气候意义重大，因此我们在探索深海时需采取负责任的态度，以保护这一神秘世界。 1．What makes the deep sea a fascinating place for scientists? A．Its high temperatures and low pressure. B．The lack of light and extreme conditions. C．The variety of unique species that live there. D．The abundance of resources available for mining. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“One of the most fascinating ...of unique species. ”可知，深海最吸引人的方面之一是其生物多样性。该段提到发光生物、巨型乌贼等各种独特的物种，这说明丰富多样的独特物种使深海对科学家来说是一个迷人的地方。故选C。 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation of deep－sea creatures? A．Transparent skulls to enhance vision. B．Complete absence of eyes. C．Ability to produce their own light. D．Using electric fields to navigate. √ 解析:根据第二段“bioluminescent (生物发光的) creatures that light up the darkness”和第三段“some fish have ...navigate and hunt”可知，透明头骨以增强视觉和完全无眼睛以及自身拥有发光能力等适应性特征文中均有提及，D项(利用电场导航)未提到，故选D。 3．What role does the deep sea play in regulating the Earth's climate? A．It stores carbon dioxide in the form of calcium carbonate. B．It absorbs heat from the atmosphere and distributes it evenly. C．It produces oxygen through photosynthesis. D．It reflects sunlight back into space. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段“It is a major carbon sink ... of global warming.”可知，深海是一个主要的碳汇，它将从大气中吸收的大量二氧化碳以碳酸钙的形式储存在浮游生物和软体动物等生物的外壳中，这一过程有助于调节地球气候。故选A。 4．What is the author's main message in the article? A．We should stop exploring the deep sea to protect it. B．The deep sea is too fragile to be explored responsibly. C．Understanding and protecting the deep sea is crucial for future generations. D．The wonders of the deep sea are too amazing to be believed. √ 解析:主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文开篇介绍了深海的神秘及生物多样性等特点，接着说明深海在地球生态系统中的重要作用，然后指出人类活动对深海生态系统造成威胁，最后一段强调理解和保护深海对子孙后代至关重要。由此可知，C项是作者的主要观点。故选C。 B Scientists have discovered the world's largest known field of sea grass.They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers：tiger sharks.The work should help protect the sea grass，and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean. Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts.They grow in thick fields， known as meadows (草地)．Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean's water， and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures.Sea grasses store huge amounts of carbon — the harmful pollution that's making global warming worse.Damaging these sea grass meadows can release this pollution again， so it's important to protect them. From above， the meadows can be hard to spot， either because the water is too deep or not clear enough.And the ocean is so huge that it's simply not possible to study it all by diving.So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research.Tiger sharks are huge， strong， and deadly.But they also live underwater， are fast swimmers， and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.Between 2016 and 2020， a team of researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins (鳍) of seven tiger sharks.After catching the sharks， the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment， and then let them go again. The scientists have learned that the waters around the Bahamas are home to the largest sea grass meadow ever discovered and that the world has roughly 40% more sea grass meadows than they previously thought. The programme shows how useful large underwater animals can be in helping to learn more about life under the sea.Oliver Shipley is a scientist at Beneath the Waves， which led the work.He says animals like tiger sharks “...are going to take us to new places that we didn't know existed.” 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们用附在虎鲨身上的照相机拍摄的视频发现了世界上最大的海草场。 5．What can be known about sea grasses in paragraph 2? A．They help fight global warming. B．They need to be removed regularly. C．They mainly live on sea creatures. D．They grow in deep waters of the ocean. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后两句可知，碳会加剧全球变暖，而海草储存了大量的碳，破坏这些海草场会再次释放碳。因此可知，海草能够帮助对抗全球变暖。 6．Why are tiger sharks chosen by scientists? A．They are sensitive to sea grasses. B．Cameras are easily fixed on them. C．They are the most faithful sea animals. D．They often wander in sea grass meadows. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But they also live underwater， are fast swimmers， and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.”可知，科学家们选用虎鲨是因为它们生活在水下，游泳速度很快，并且会在海草场上度过很长时间。 7．What does Oliver Shipley think of sea animals? A．They are dangerous. B．They are adorable. C．They are helpful. D．They are smart. √ 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，Oliver Shipley认为海洋动物是有帮助的。 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Many new places in the ocean need exploring. B．Sharks help discover the world's largest sea grass meadow. C．Scientists have found a powerful way to protect the ocean. D．Large underwater animals contribute a lot to the ocean. √ 解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段内容并通读整篇文章可知，文章介绍了虎鲨帮助科学家们发现了世界上最大的海草场。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Beach is a relaxing place to catch waves， get some sun， enjoy picnic， spot wildlife and go exploring. Here are tips from experts on how to be a better beachgoer， so future generations of sea lovers can get their beach therapy (疗法) when they need it. Use safer sunscreens Many sunscreens advertise that they are “reef－friendly”， which has no firm definitions， and their usage isn't regulated by governmental bodies. 9 . Only purchase mineral－based sunscreens so that it won't do harm to reefs. Get involved 10 . If you forget to bring one， find an abandoned bag at the beach. It may seem a little gesture， but it will help remove rubbish. By working together people can really make a difference. Thoughtful toys for kids It's fun for your little ones to play with plastic toys in the sand. 11 . They end up polluting the environment and can be accidentally eaten by animals， causing them serious harm or even killing them. Pack metal or wooden toys instead. Read the signs Signs at the beach aren't optional reading. They tell you where you can't go and what you can't do， so you don't mess with the local ecosystem. 12 . They are storm barriers and home to many animals. Destroy what you build It doesn‘t matter how much time and effort your children spent building sand castles or digging tunnels： if you are on a beach marked as a sea turtle habitat， fill in the trench and knock down the structure. Sea turtles have heavy bodies and they can die if they fall into a hole and get trapped. 13 . A．So it's best to read the fine print carefully B．Beachgoers are generally advised to stay off sand hills C．Thus， try your best to be a considerate eco－friendly tourist D．However， plastic toys break easily， leaving behind bits and pieces E．Sand structures can also prevent them from reaching birthing areas F．Bring a reusable bag to clean up while you're walking the shoreline G．Have your children pick up trash with you when walking on the beach 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章倡导人们在海滩游玩时要注意保护海滩的自然环境。 9．选A　上文“Many sunscreens advertise ...by governmental bodies. ”说明有些防晒霜宣称对珊瑚友好，但是没有明确的定义，因此也有可能对珊瑚礁有害，所以要仔细阅读上面的成分说明。因此推断A项“所以最好仔细阅读细则”符合语境，故选A。 10．选F　下文“If you forget ...make a difference.”讲如果你忘了带，就在海滩上找一个被遗弃的袋子。这似乎是一个小小的举动，但它将有助于清除垃圾。通过共同努力，人们真的可以有所作为。由此 可知，此处的one应是指代装垃圾的袋子，用来清除垃圾，因此推断F项“当你沿海岸线散步时，带上一个可重复使用的袋子来清理”符合语境， one与F项中的reusable bag指代一致，故选F。 11．选D　上文“It's fun for your little ones to play with plastic toys in the sand. ”讲孩子玩塑料玩具会很快乐，下文“They end up ...wooden toys instead. ”讲这一类玩具对海滩的危害，建议带金属或者木质玩具，D项“然而，塑料玩具很容易破裂，留下碎片”说明塑料玩具的害处，与上文是转折关系，并引出下文。故选D。 12．选B　上文“Signs at the beach ...the local ecosystem. ”说明标识语指导海滩游客的行为，且这一句与后面一句里的 they构成紧密衔接，因此推断B项“一般建议去海滩的人远离沙丘”符合语境，承接下文“They are storm barriers and home to many animals.”，说明标识语会建议人们远离沙丘，因为沙丘是海滩动物的保护屏障和家园。故选B。 13．选E　前一句“Sea turtles have heavy bodies and they can die if they fall into a hole and get trapped. ”讲在沙滩建立的沙堡和渠道的一个危害，E项“沙质结构也会阻止它们到达产卵地”符合语境，接着讲另外一个危害。故选E。 本课结束 $