Unit 11 Section 4 Focus on Language：Modal Verbs-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（北师大版）

该高中英语课件聚焦情态动词的意义及用法，涵盖can/could、may/might等核心情态动词及“情态动词+have done”结构。通过Tom的对话情境导入，引导学生在语境中体悟用法，再经语法入门、规则点拨、自主感知、对点练等环节，构建从感知到应用的层层递进学习支架。 其亮点在于以语境化情境（如Tom迟到、忘带课本等对话）培养语言能力，通过“我的发现”环节引导学生自主归纳情态动词含义以提升思维品质，结合高考真题（如2025浙江1月考题）强化学习能力。讲练结合的设计让学生能在真实语境中运用情态动词，教师可借助系统练习提升教学效率。

Focus on Language: Modal Verbs Section 4 课时目标 1.在文本中理解情态动词的意义和用法。 2.在语境中使用恰当的情态动词进行表达。 语境中体悟　 Tom ①could have got to school on time yesterday morning, but he was held up on the way to school in a heavy traffic jam. “Tom, you ②should have said sorry to me for coming late，” said Mr Smith. “I ③must be too eager to go into the classroom.I ④can't be too sorry for my coming late！” said Tom. “Oh, I ⑤must have left my English textbook at home, after I finished my homework last night，” said Tom.“⑥Shall I share it with my classmate？” “OK, you ⑦may/might as well bring your own textbook next time, but for this time you ⑧can share it with your deskmate，” said Mr Smith.“Now, class, ⑨would you please turn to page 11? ⑩Shall we begin our lesson？” [语法入门] ①处could have done表示本来可以做某事，但实际上没做； ②处should have done 表示本来应该做某事，但实际上没做； ③处must表示肯定推测； ④处can't be too表示无论怎么样都不为过； ⑤处must have done表示对过去事实的肯定推测； ⑥⑩处shall表示征求意见； ⑦处may/might as well意为“不妨；倒不如”； ⑧处can表示许可； ⑨处would表示要求。 学案中理清　 [自主感知] ①(教材典句)They couldn't relax or read a book without plugging their ears. ②(教材典句)We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property. ③(教材典句)Ma Ming, drummer for the rock band “Storm”， had to pack his bags. ④(教材典句)“For the last two weeks, since Smith moved into the flat above us, we dared not go onto our balcony，” said Laurene. ⑤(教材典句) The candles were a great sight as you can imagine, but James didn't get to blow them out. ⑥Since nobody could help Mary with her study, she must have finished it by herself. [我的发现] 通过以上例句，你能归纳出句中情态动词的含义吗？ [规则点拨] 一、情态动词的概念及特征 情态动词表示说话人的某种情感或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，表示需要、可能、必须、应该等。 情态动词有以下特征： 1．在形式上，大多数情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化(have to除外)，有的情态动词有过去式。 2．在意义上，大多数情态动词有多个意义，如can可以表达“能力”“可能”“许可”等。 3．在用法上，情态动词须同不带 to的动词不定式(have to、 ought to、 used to除外)连用，构成复合谓语。 二、情态动词的基本用法 1．can/could (1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。 The smallest good habits can make a big difference. 最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。 It was several minutes before I could take in what he said. 过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。 (2)表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句或疑问句中。can比could语气强。 This can't/couldn't be done by him. 这件事不可能是他做的。 (3)表示请求或许可。在疑问句中可以用could代替can，语气更委婉。 Could I use your phone, please? 我可以用一下你的电话吗？ (4)表示理论上的可能性。 Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries.要始终相信美好的事物是可能的，记住失误也会变成经验教训，从而获得更多发现。 (5)用于否定句和疑问句，表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。 He can't/couldn't do this. 他不可能这样做。(表示不相信) Can this be done by him? 这可能是他做的吗？(表示疑惑、惊讶) (6)用于固定结构中 ①can't ...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分；越……越好”。 You can't be too careful while driving. 你开车时越小心越好。 ②can't help doing sth.表示“禁不住做某事”。 Hearing this story, I couldn't help laughing. 听到这个故事，我禁不住大笑起来。 |名|师|点|津|　can和be able to都可以表示能力，二者有时可互换。但be able to可以表示“终于做成某事”，有更多时态和人称的变化，且可与某些情态动词或系动词连用，如might、 ought to、 seem等，还可用非谓语动词形式。 　If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem. 如果你睡个好觉，那么你就能做出这道题。 He seemed to be able to put complicated thoughts into simple words. 他似乎能把复杂的思想用简单的话语说出来。 She grasped my hand, not being able to say anything. 她抓着我的手，什么话也说不出来。 [对点练]　(根据句意填入适当的情态动词或其否定式) ①That ______ be Mary, for she is in hospital. ②________ you please do me a favor? ③You _____ tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. ④—Can this book be yours? —No, it _______ be mine.It must be his. can't Could can can't 2．may/might (1)表示请求或许可。在疑问句中，might可以代替may，语气更加委婉。 May I ask if you are fond of traveling by ship? 我可以问一下你是否喜欢乘船旅行？ Might I borrow your computer? 我可以借一下你的电脑吗？ (2)表示可能性，可以对过去、现在或将来进行推测，通常用于肯定句和否定句。might比may语气弱。 Parents may scold their children when their rooms are untidy but they should also understand that their rooms are their own private space. 当孩子们的房间不整洁时，父母也许会责骂孩子。但他们也应该理解，孩子们的房间是他们的私人空间。 If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house. 如果你离开时忘记关掉它，你可能会把整个房子都烧毁。 (3)表示祝愿，常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！”。 May you succeed! 祝你成功！ (4)用于固定结构中：“may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“不妨，倒不如”。 Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here. 既然雨下得这么大，你倒不如待在这儿。 [对点练]　(根据句意填入适当的情态动词) ①(2025·浙江1月高考)Filming short videos _____ affect the learning environment and disturb both teachers and fellow students. ②He _____ have been to some of those places, but I am not sure. ③_______ I have a look at your new computer? may may Might 3．must/have to (1)must的用法 ①表示义务，意为“必须”(主观意志)。回答must构成的一般疑问句时，若是否定回答，一般不用mustn't，而用needn't或是don't have to，因为mustn't意为“绝不能，一定不要”，而没有“不必”的意思。 Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment. 在教育和就业方面，男性和女性必须被平等对待。 ②must常用于肯定句中，表示猜测、推测，意为“想必，一定”。其具体用法如下： I think the old woman must be a nice person. 我认为这位老太太一定是个好人。 Hurry up! They must be waiting for us now. 快点！他们现在一定正在等我们。 must do 对现在或未来的事进行猜测 must be doing 对正在进行的事进行猜测 must have done 对已经发生的事进行猜测 ③用于否定句中，表示禁止。 Smoking must not be allowed in the office. 严禁在办公室吸烟。 ④表示“偏要，非要……不可”。 Must you make so loud noise? 你非得弄出这么大声吗？ (2)have to的用法 have to表示由于某种客观原因而不得不做某事。除此以外，have to自身有人称和时态的变化。 I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course. 我还想了解一下我得为这门课程付多少钱。 It was then that I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on balancing family and work.就是在那时，我开始欣赏她在平衡家庭和工作方面所做出的艰难选择。 [对点练]　(选词填空：must/mustn't/don't have to) ①You ______ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years. ②The new law states that people _______ drive after drinking alcohol. ③You ____________ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. ④John, look at the time.______ you play the piano at such a late hour? must mustn't don't have to Must 4．shall (1)用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 Shall the driver wait outside? 司机在外面等着可以吗？ (2)用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等。 I promised he shall get a present for his birthday. 我许诺他会得到一件生日礼物。 (3)用于条约、规定、法令、法律等，意为“必须”。 It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 已经声明过，在所有试卷收上来之前，考生必须待在座位上。 5．should/ought to (1)表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为“应该”。 表示责任或义务时，ought to等同于should，只是前者的语气稍重。 Why shouldn't we buy the lady a flower? It will make her feel better. 我们为什么不给那位女士买一朵花呢？这会让她感觉好一些。 You ought not to be so selfish. 你不应该这么自私。 (2)should表示出乎预料的口气，意为“竟然；居然”。 That he should speak to you like that is quite astonishing. 他竟然那样对你说话，真是令人惊讶。 (3)should和ought to表示推测，指预期的可能性，意为“应该，估计”。 He ought to/should be here on time — he started early enough. 他应该按时到这里的——他很早就出发了。 [对点练]　(选词填空：shall/should/ought to) ①In my opinion, whenever in trouble, we ______________ seek help from those we trust most. ②—I haven't got the reference book yet, but I'll have a test on the subject next month. —Don't worry.You _______ have it by Friday. ③It's strange that he ________ have taken the books without the owner's permission. should/ought to shall should 6．will/would (1)表示自愿或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决定等。will指现在，would指过去。 —Can someone fetch some water? —I will. ——有人能去取点水来吗？ ——我去。 (2)表示请求或要求，would比will更客气、委婉。而在句末用won't you表达邀请的语气。 Would you mind opening the window for me? 你介意帮我打开窗户吗？ (3)will表示规律性的“注定会”。 Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you by what you wear. 穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你的穿着来评判你。 [对点练]　(选词填空：will/would) ①I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _______ take me to Disneyland at weekends. ②—Daddy, can you buy me a new computer when you go to Beijing? —You _____ get one if you are admitted to a key middle school. would will 7．need/dare need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中；用作实义动词时，可用于各种时态。 (1)用作情态动词 —Are you coming with me? —I can't, Alice.I daren't. ——你要和我一起去吗？ ——不行，爱丽丝。我不敢。 It's quite warm here; we needn't turn the heating on yet. 这里很暖和。我们不必开暖气。 (2)用作实义动词 You don't need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 Most people hate Harry but they don't dare to say so.大多数人对哈利敢怒不敢言。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①He dares _____________ (challenge) all kinds of difficulties. ②My room is in a mess, but I needn't _______ (clean) it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning. ③—Need I hand in the application now? —Yes, you_____ . /No, you________. to challenge clean must needn't 三、“情态动词＋have done”的用法 1．对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 must have done “(过去)一定做过……”，语气比较肯定，用于肯定句 may/might have done “(过去)可能做过……”，语气不确定，用于肯定句和否定句 can/could have done 用于否定句和疑问句，表示怀疑或不确定 Looking at the large empty apartment, I became aware of how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. 看着又大又空的公寓，我开始意识到妈妈独自一人在巴西一定很孤单。 The boy might have known the truth, but I am not quite sure. 那个男孩可能已经知道了真相，但我不是很确定。 You can't have seen him just now.He has been abroad for nearly a month. 你刚才不可能看见他，他已经出国近一个月了。 2．表示“与过去事实相反” could have done 过去本可以做某事但实际上没做 needn't have done 过去本不必做某事但实际上做了 ought to/should have done 过去本应该做某事但实际上没做 oughtn't to/ shouldn't have done 过去本不应该做某事但实际上做了 might have done 过去本可以做某事但实际上没做 He could have gone on regretting it, as too many of us do. 他本可以继续为此而遗憾，正如我们中很多人一样。 You needn't have worked that late last night.It was harmful to your health. 你昨天晚上本不必工作到那么晚，那对你的健康有害。 You ought to have done this exercise more carefully. 你本应该更仔细地做这个练习。 You might have given him more help, though you were busy then. 你本可以给他更多帮助，虽然你当时很忙。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①You ___________________________________ for two days' off but you kept silent at that moment. 你本应该解释你休假两天的原因，但当时你却保持了沉默。 ②He is still young. You _______________________such an expensive present. 他还小，你本没必要送他这么昂贵的礼物。 should have accounted for your absence needn't have given him ③—What has happened to George? —I don't know. He________________. ——乔治发生了什么事？ ——我不知道，他可能迷路了。 ④They ______________________ when they worked in the mountain area. 他们在山区工作时肯定受了不少苦。 may have got lost must have suffered a lot ⑤She_______________________________________, but she had to look after her mother in the hospital. 她本该参加你的生日聚会，但她得在医院照顾她妈妈。 ⑥George_____________________.His coffee is still warm. 乔治不可能走远。他的咖啡还是热的。 ought to have attended your birthday party can't have gone too far [随堂应用体验] Ⅰ.选用方框中的情态动词填空 must, may, can, might, ought to, had better, would, should In the film The Million Pound Bank Note, Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay.While this situation ①______ seem unusual, it can sometimes happen to travellers.In case it happens to you on a trip abroad, what ②_______ you do? First, and most importantly, you ③_____ stay calm. may should must Fear ④______ cause you to become confused.You need to think clearly.Second, you should go to your nearest consulate.They ⑤______ _____ be able to help to some extent.Third, you ⑥______ do well to check with some local charities.They ⑦_______ offer help to travellers in need.Fourth, you ⑧___________ avoid getting into trouble. can ought would might had better to Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Knowing that you are keen on art, ________ ____________________________________ (我迫不及待地想告诉你这段不可思议的经历). 2．I am feeling sick and I __________________ (本不应该吃) so much chocolate. 3．Two years later, he ________________________________ (能把汉语说得很好)． I cannot wait to tell you this incredible experience shouldn't have eaten was able to speak very good Chinese 4．We were badly in need of help then, but we ________________ ______ (不敢向他求助)． 5．My father suggested that _____________________(我应该树立一个明确的目标) and struggle for it. dared not to turn to him I should set a clear goal 课时检测 第Ⅰ卷　语法强化训练 (一)单句语法填空(20分) (1)Chris ______ go to the opera on Sunday because he is going to have a meeting. (2)Sometimes it ___________ be helpful to use examples to explain abstract concepts. (3)Taking up a job that is worth doing _____ give people mental satisfaction. can't might/may can (4)David, ______ you please sweep the floor and take out the trash? (5)However, you ______ also decide for yourself what kind of books to read. (6)It was an easy test and he __________________ (pass), but he didn't. (7)He _______________ (done) it all by himself for there was no one else in the house to turn to for help. could must should have passed must have done (8)An improvement in living standards _______ be years away. (9)They all said that he _______ come home before the Spring Festival. (10)I _________________ (work) out the problem, but I was too nervous. could might could have worked (二)完成句子(共9空，18分) (11)The police are doing ______________________. 警方正在尽一切可能寻找她。 (12)You _____________________ in that company where environmental jobs are better paid. 你可以在那个公司找一份工作，那里与环境相关的工作报酬更高。 all they can to find her could look for a career (13)You ______________ after a long walk. 走了很长一段路，你一定累了。 (14)I'm afraid he ________________________________ today. 恐怕他今天不会来参加会议了。 (15)He __________________________ for a long time. 他一定学了很长时间的日语。 must be tired might not come to attend the meeting must have learned Japanese (16)You _________________ when crossing the street. 过马路时，你越小心越好。 (17)You _______________________ because he has been old enough to take care of himself. 你不必为他担心，他已经足够大能照顾自己了。 (18)You ______________________ me earlier or I ______________ with them. 你本应该早点告诉我，不然的话我就会和他们一块去了。 can't be too careful needn't worry about him should/ought to have told might have gone 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (一)阅读理解 Good relationships are definitely good sources of happiness in life.We all want happy relationships but if we do not keep that relationship alive, it can also be one of the most distraught things in life.There may be no hard and fast rules in making good relationships, as each of us has different preferences and points of view as to what is a great relationship.The following are some major key players in making relationships work. It is often said that building good relationships is all about communication.Good communication indeed governs a good relationship — knowing the right thing to say, when to say it, how to say it, and accepting some things that are better left unsaid.I personally think communication must be broadened because relationships involve more decisions to make.From study to work, from money to entertainment and even in things about yourself or about your friends that you do not know, communication is necessary in these aspects of the relationships. Of course, being with someone is not saying that you totally agree with him or her all the time.You and your friends come from different family backgrounds, and are raised in different environment, so there may be disagreement here and there.However, it is important in making relationships work to express disagreements without pushing the relationship to end.Again, good communication and learning to compromise (妥协) at times are necessary. As relationships last longer, you may also discover things about you and your friends that you may not have known before.Therefore supporting each other on both your “hidden selves” can also make a good relationship. Love is an important aspect of building relationships and for me, I always believe that love needs open communication, respect, support and understanding each other in making relationships work. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了维持人际关系的关键因素。 1．What does the underlined word “distraught” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Funny.　　　　　　 B．Upset. C．Interesting. D．Surprising. √ 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Good relationships are definitely good sources of happiness in life.We all want happy relationships but if we do not keep that relationship alive”可知，不能保持愉快的人际关系可能会给生活带来不良后果，使人不愉快。因此画线词意为“令人不愉快的，令人心烦意乱的”，和upset意思相近。 2．What should you know to communicate well with people? A．A white lie is necessary sometimes. B．Compromises are necessary at any time. C．Your friends need to have the same backgrounds with you. D．Supporting each other in anything helps build a good relationship. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Good communication indeed governs a good relationship — knowing the right thing to say, when to say it, how to say it, and accepting some things that are better left unsaid.”可知，要与人良好沟通，善意的谎言有时是必要的。 3．According to the text, which of the following is NOT important for a good relationship? A．Love. B．Support. C．Communication. D．Hidden selves. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Love is an important aspect of building relationships and for me, I always believe that love needs open communication, respect, support and understanding each other in making relationships work.”可知，爱、支持和沟通对于保持良好的关系都很重要。故D项“隐藏的自我”符合题意。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．The Importance to Express Disagreements B．Different Opinions on Good Relationships C．Keys to Making Relationships Work D．Forbidden Rules in Building Good Relationships √ 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中“The following are some major key players in making relationships work.”可知，本文主要讲述了维持人际关系的关键因素，因此C项“维持人际关系的关键”适合作文章标题。 (二)语法填空(15分) Nowadays, our classrooms, neighborhoods and communities become 5 (diverse) than ever before.People from different 6 (country) and cultures continue to spread out around the world.Different skin colors, languages, physical abilities and clothes 7 (be) some of the types of diversity that we experience every day. How we respond to this diversity will decide not only our future as a person but also our future as a society.As Maya Angelou said, “In diversity there is beauty and 8 (strong)．”Tolerance (宽容) means openness to the differences that exist among us all.It means respecting and learning from others, 9 (value) our differences and discovering what we have 10 common. The opposite of tolerance is closed-mindedness.Arguments and fights 11 (cause) by closed-mindedness from time to time.In contrast, humans 12 are open to differences will create a more peaceful world and have better opportunities in life whether through education, work or friendships.So having tolerance will change our life for the better, and make the world 13 better place.Difference is the spirit of humans and we should learn 14 (respect) it. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今的社会更加多样化，我们应该重视差异，尊重差异，对差异持开放态度，努力创造一个和平的世界。 5．more diverse　考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式。故填more diverse。 6．countries　考查名词复数。根据上文中的“different”和下文的“cultures”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填countries。 7．are　考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。分析句式结构可知，该句主语是由多个名词构成的，此处谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。 8．strength　考查名词。分析句式结构可知，and在此处连接两个名词，应用strong的名词形式；strength作“力量”讲时是不可数名词。故填strength。 9．valuing　考查非谓语动词。mean在此处意为“意味着”，故用动词-ing形式作宾语，构成固定搭配mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”，并与respecting以及discovering并列。故填valuing。 10．in　考查介词。have ...in common意为“在……有共同之处”，是固定短语。故填in。 11．are caused　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据下文中的“from time to time”可知，应用一般现在时；主语Arguments and fights和谓语cause之间为被动关系，且主语是复数，故填are caused。 12．who/that　考查定语从句。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词指人且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that来引导定语从句。 13．a　考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处意为“一个更好的地方”，表泛指，且better以辅音音素开头，故填a。 14．to respect　考查非谓语动词。learn作及物动词时，其后可接动词不定式作宾语，构成固定搭配learn to do sth.。故填to respect。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $