专题5 情态动词和虚拟语气（A卷·基础巩固）-2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》(原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第5个专题，内容为情态动词和虚拟语气。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题5 情态动词和虚拟语气（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.—Must I hand in the report right now? —No, you ______. You can submit it tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 2.If you ______ harder, you ______ the exam last term.​ A. studied; would pass B. had studied; would have passed C. study; will pass D. have studied; passed 3.The sign says: "No smoking! You ______ smoke here."​ A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. may not D. might not 4.—I didn’t see you at the meeting yesterday. —Oh, I ______ there, but I had a flat tire. A. should have been B. must have been C. might be D. could be 5.You ______ park here. It’s a No Parking zone. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t 6.If only I ______ more time, I would finish the project.​ A. have B. had C. will have D. had had 7.The doctor suggested that he ______ a rest for a week.​ A. takes B. took C. take D. taking 8.Without electricity, human life ______ very different today.​ A. is B. will be C. would be D. must be 9.You ______ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit since college!​ A. must B. can C. will D. may 10.—______ I borrow your car? —Sorry, you ______. I need it today. A. Could; couldn’t B. May; mustn’t C. Can; needn’t D. Will; shouldn’t 11.The teacher insisted that the homework ______ on time.​ A. hand in B. handed in C. be handed in D. was handed in 12.It’s strange that he ______ attend the meeting yesterday.​ A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t 13.You ______ drive so fast. The road is slippery. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t 14.If he ______ here now, he would help us.​ A. were B. is C. will be D. has been 15.The regulations require that everyone ______ a mask in public.​ A. wears B. wore C. wear D. wearing 16.—I saw John in the library yesterday. —He ______ be there. He went to Shanghai last week. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 17.You ______ apologize to her. It’s not your fault.​ A. must B. should C. needn’t D. couldn’t 18.______ I have a word with you? It’s urgent.​ A. Must B. May C. Should D. Will 19.The weather forecast says it ______ rain tomorrow.​ A. might B. must C. should D. could 20.It’s high time we ______ action to protect the environment.​ A. take B. Took C. have taken D. will take 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） We all know health is the most important in our life and we know smoking is harmful to People's health. But not many people know about the danger of second-hand smoke. Second-hand smoke is the smoke that comes from the smoker's breath. If people breathe in second-hand smoke from time to time, they could get sick from it. It can cause lung cancer（肺癌）and many other diseases. But how serious is the problem of the second-hand smoke? The World Health Organization(WHO) did a study of 194 countries. They found that second-hand smoke causes about 600,000 deaths every year. That is about 1% of the world death and it leads to a lot of trouble and pain. Second-hand smoke is especially harmful to children because their bodies are growing.According to a study, around 165,000 children under 5 die each year because of second-hand smoke. Most of these deaths happened in Africa and Southern Asia where health care is very poor. You can do something to keep yourself and other people away from second-hand smoke.You can ask the smokers, such as your parents, to smoke outside. And, if someone smokes close to you, you'd better hold your breath or just walk away. 31. The underlined word "breath" in the passage means“ ”in Chinese. A. 脉搏 B. 呼吸 C.感染 D. 传染 32. According to the passage, which statement is RIGHT? A. There are 194 countries in the world. B. The total death of the world is about 600,000. C. Second-hand smoke is worse for adults than children. D. Health care is very poor in Africa and Southern Asia. 33. What does the writer think is the most important in life? A. Health. B. Friendship. C. Love. D. Money. 34. How can you keep away from second-hand smoke? A. Standing close to the persons who smoke. B. Asking your parents to go out of your house. C. Holding your breath all the time. D. Walking away from the smokers. 35. The best title of this article may be "________” A. Smoking B. Second-Hand Smoke C. Giving Up Smoking D. Smoking Is Harmful to Children 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 As the final exams approached, I (26) ______ (review) my notes day and night. My friend suggested, "You (27) ______(spend) less time on social media if you (28) ______(want) to improve your grades." I ignored the advice, believing I (29) ______(manage) everything on my own. The night before the exam, I (30) ______(lie) awake, realizing I (31) _____ (study) smarter instead of longer. "If only I (32) ______(create) a study plan," I sighed. The next day, I (33) ______(rush) through the questions, making careless mistakes. Looking back, I (34) ______(understand) that good time management (35) ______(be) crucial. Next term, I (36) ______ (definitely) try a different approach. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第5个专题，内容为情态动词和虚拟语气。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题5 情态动词和虚拟语气（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.—Must I hand in the report right now? —No, you ______. You can submit it tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】：B 【解析】：考查must表义务的否定。回答must开头疑问句，否定用needn’t/don’t have to（不必）。 2.If you ______ harder, you ______ the exam last term.​ A. studied; would pass B. had studied; would have passed C. study; will pass D. have studied; passed 【答案】：B 【解析】：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用had done，主句用would have done。 3.The sign says: "No smoking! You ______ smoke here."​ A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. may not D. might not 【答案】：A 【解析】：mustn’t表“禁止”，符合标志牌的强制性规定。 4.—I didn’t see you at the meeting yesterday. —Oh, I ______ there, but I had a flat tire. A. should have been B. must have been C. might be D. could be 【答案】：A 【解析】：should have done表“本应做但未做”，符合“因爆胎未能到场”的遗憾语气。 5.You ______ park here. It’s a No Parking zone. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t 【答案】：B 【解析】：mustn’t表“禁止”，与“No Parking”标识逻辑一致。 6.If only I ______ more time, I would finish the project.​ A. have B. had C. will have D. had had 【答案】：B 【解析】：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去式（had） 7.The doctor suggested that he ______ a rest for a week.​ A. takes B. took C. take D. Taking 【答案】：C 【解析】：suggest后接虚拟语气，从句省略should，用动词原形。 8.Without electricity, human life ______ very different today.​ A. is B. will be C. would be D. must be 【答案】：C 【解析】：含蓄虚拟语气（without引导），与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形。 9.You ______ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit since college!​ A. must B. can C. will D. May 【答案】：A 【解析】：must表肯定推测，根据“没变样”的证据推断身份。 10.—______ I borrow your car? —Sorry, you ______. I need it today. A. Could; couldn’t B. May; mustn’t C. Can; needn’t D. Will; shouldn’t 【答案】：B 【解析】：may表正式许可，否定用mustn’t（禁止）。 11.The teacher insisted that the homework ______ on time.​ A. hand in B. handed in C. be handed in D. was handed in 【答案】：C 【解析】：insist表“坚持要求”时，从句用虚拟语气（should do，should可省）。 12.It’s strange that he ______ attend the meeting yesterday.​ A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t 【答案】：A 【解析】：It’s strange that…句型中，从句用should+动词原形，表“竟然”。 13.You ______ drive so fast. The road is slippery. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t 【答案】：A 【解析】：mustn’t表“禁止”，强调危险情境下的禁止行为。 14.If he ______ here now, he would help us.​ A. were B. is C. will be D. has been 【答案】：A 【解析】：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用were（be动词统一用were）。 15.The regulations require that everyone ______ a mask in public.​ A. wears B. wore C. wear D. Wearing 【答案】：C 【解析】：require后接虚拟语气，从句用(should) wear，should可省。 16.—I saw John in the library yesterday. —He ______ be there. He went to Shanghai last week. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t、 【答案】：A 【解析】：can’t表否定推测，“不可能”，与“上周去了上海”矛盾。 17.You ______ apologize to her. It’s not your fault.​ A. must B. should C. needn’t D. couldn’t 【答案】：C 【解析】：needn’t表“不必”，符合“不是你的错”的逻辑。 18.______ I have a word with you? It’s urgent.​ A. Must B. May C. Should D. Will 【答案】：B 【解析】：may表礼貌请求，符合“紧急但需许可”的语境。 19.The weather forecast says it ______ rain tomorrow.​ A. might B. must C. should D. could 【答案】：A 【解析】：might表不确定推测，符合天气预报的不确定性。 20.It’s high time we ______ action to protect the environment.​ A. take B. Took C. have taken D. will take 【答案】：B 【解析】：It’s high time后接虚拟语气，从句用过去式（took）。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） We all know health is the most important in our life and we know smoking is harmful to People's health. But not many people know about the danger of second-hand smoke. Second-hand smoke is the smoke that comes from the smoker's breath. If people breathe in second-hand smoke from time to time, they could get sick from it. It can cause lung cancer（肺癌）and many other diseases. But how serious is the problem of the second-hand smoke? The World Health Organization(WHO) did a study of 194 countries. They found that second-hand smoke causes about 600,000 deaths every year. That is about 1% of the world death and it leads to a lot of trouble and pain. Second-hand smoke is especially harmful to children because their bodies are growing.According to a study, around 165,000 children under 5 die each year because of second-hand smoke. Most of these deaths happened in Africa and Southern Asia where health care is very poor. You can do something to keep yourself and other people away from second-hand smoke.You can ask the smokers, such as your parents, to smoke outside. And, if someone smokes close to you, you'd better hold your breath or just walk away. 31. The underlined word "breath" in the passage means“ ”in Chinese. A. 脉搏 B. 呼吸 C.感染 D. 传染 32. According to the passage, which statement is RIGHT? A. There are 194 countries in the world. B. The total death of the world is about 600,000. C. Second-hand smoke is worse for adults than children. D. Health care is very poor in Africa and Southern Asia. 33. What does the writer think is the most important in life? A. Health. B. Friendship. C. Love. D. Money. 34. How can you keep away from second-hand smoke? A. Standing close to the persons who smoke. B. Asking your parents to go out of your house. C. Holding your breath all the time. D. Walking away from the smokers. 35. The best title of this article may be "________” A. Smoking B. Second-Hand Smoke C. Giving Up Smoking D. Smoking Is Harmful to Children 【答案】21. B；22. D；23. A；24. D；25. B 【导语】健康是我们生命中最宝贵的东西，而吸烟的危害已广为人知。但很多人并不清楚，除了直接吸烟，长期接触二手烟同样会对身体造成严重伤害。它来自吸烟者的呼吸，会增加患肺癌等多种疾病的风险，甚至导致死亡，对正在成长中的孩子影响尤甚。本文通过数据与研究，带你了解二手烟的危害，并告诉你如何远离它，保护自己和家人。 【解析】 21.词义猜测题 Second-hand smoke is the smoke that comes from the smoker's breath.句意为“二手烟是来自吸烟者____的烟”。结合常识，烟是从人“呼出的气体”中来的。 A 脉搏（pulse）：与“烟”来源无关；B 呼吸：符合“呼出气体”的含义；C 感染、D 传染：均不符合“smoke comes from...”的逻辑。 22.细节判断题 最后一段 Most of these deaths happened in Africa and Southern Asia where health care is very poor.（这些死亡多发生在医疗条件极差的非洲和南亚。）A 错：WHO 调查了 194 个国家，并非“世界只有 194 个国家’；B 错：60 万是二手烟致死的数量，且占“世界总死亡的 1%”，说明世界总死亡远多于 60 万；C 错：原文 especially harmful to children（对儿童尤其有害），而非“对成人更糟”； D 对：与原文“where health care is very poor”完全对应。 23. 细节理解题 首句 We all know health is the most important in our life.（我们都知道健康是生活中最重要的。）直接对应 A 项“Health”。 24.细节理解题 if someone smokes close to you, you'd better hold your breath or just walk away.（如果有人在你附近吸烟，你最好屏住呼吸或走开。）A 错：靠近吸烟者会增加吸入二手烟；B 错：原文是“ask smokers to smoke outside”（让吸烟者在室外吸），不是“让父母离开家”；C 错：“holding your breath all the time”（一直屏住呼吸）不现实，原文是“暂时屏住呼吸”；D 对：“walking away from the smokers”（远离吸烟者）与原文建议一致。 25. 标题归纳题 引出健康重要性→指出二手烟的存在→分析二手烟的危害（含数据）→强调对儿童的影响→给出防护方法。核心是“二手烟”。A Smoking（吸烟）：范围太宽，未突出“二手烟”；B Second-Hand Smoke（二手烟）：覆盖全文核心话题；C Giving Up Smoking（戒烟）：文章未重点讲“如何戒烟”，而是“如何防二手烟”；D Smoking Is Harmful to Children（吸烟对儿童有害）：仅涉及部分内容，以偏概全。 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 As the final exams approached, I (26) ______​ (review) my notes day and night. My friend suggested, "You (27) ______(spend) less time on social media if you (28) ______(want) to improve your grades." I ignored the advice, believing I (29) ______(manage) everything on my own. The night before the exam, I (30) ______(lie) awake, realizing I (31) _____ (study) smarter instead of longer. "If only I (32) ______(create) a study plan," I sighed. The next day, I (33) ______(rush) through the questions, making careless mistakes. Looking back, I (34) ______(understand) that good time management (35) ______(be) crucial. Next term, I will definitely try a different approach. 【参考答案与解析】： 26.was reviewing — 过去进行时 — 时间状语“As the final exams approached”（随着期末考试临近）表示过去某一阶段持续进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语I对应was，review的现在分词是reviewing。 27.would spend — 过去将来时 — 主句“My friend suggested”（我的朋友建议）是一般过去时，宾语从句中表示“将来要做的事”，用过去将来时“would + 动词原形”。 28.wanted — 一般过去时 — 虚拟语气条件句（与现在事实相反），主句用“would spend”，从句用一般过去时表假设，want的过去式为wanted。 29.could manage — 情态动词过去式 — 主句“I ignored the advice”（我忽略了建议）是一般过去时，从句“believing I...on my own”（相信我能自己处理一切）用情态动词过去式could表示过去的能力，manage用原形。 30.lay — 一般过去时 — 时间状语“The night before the exam”（考试前一晚）表示过去发生的动作，lie（躺）的过去式为lay。 31.should have studied — 情态动词+完成式 — “realizing”（意识到）后接虚拟语气，表示“本应该做却没做的事”，用“should have + 过去分词”，study的过去分词是studied。 32. had created — 过去完成时 — “If only”（要是……就好了）引导虚拟语气，表示对“过去未做之事”的遗憾，用“had + 过去分词”，create的过去分词是created。 33. rushed — 一般过去时 — 时间状语“The next day”（第二天）表示过去发生的动作，rush的过去式为rushed。 34.understand — 一般现在时 — “Looking back”（回首过去）是现在的时间视角，陈述客观感悟，用一般现在时，主语I对应动词原形understand。 35.is — 一般现在时 — “good time management is crucial”（良好的时间管理至关重要）是客观真理，用一般现在时，主语management是不可数名词，be动词用is。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $