摘要:
本讲义围绕小学英语4BU3 Road safety主题,系统梳理道路安全核心词汇(如road, safety及其词性转换)、情态动词can的用法(肯定、否定、疑问句)、祈使句(肯定与否定形式),以及交通方式表达(take/by/in/on的区别)和名词所有格等知识点,构建从词汇基础到语法应用再到情境运用的学习支架。
资料通过“趁热打铁”即时练习巩固知识,对比cross/across/through等易混词培养思维品质,结合交通规则情境提升语言运用能力,发音规则总结助力语言能力发展。课中辅助教师系统授课,课后练习帮助学生查漏补缺,有效提升学习能力。
内容正文:
4BU3 Road safety知识点
New words
1.road (名词)道路,公路
复数: 道路安全 拓展:street 街道
注意:具体某一条路,road首字母大写。例:Xiangyu Road 翔宇路
2.safety (名词)安全,平安
①形容词:safe 安全的
用法:放系动词后,名词前,例:keep safe , a safe car
②副词:safely 安全地
用法:修饰动词,放动词后,例:cross the road safely 安全地过马路)
③名词:safety 安全
用法:可以做主语或宾语,例:Road safety is important.
趁热打铁:用safe/safely/safety填空
1.Food is important for us.
2.We must get to school .
3.To keep ,you shouldn’t play near the river.
4.Please wait when the traffic lights are red.It’s .
5.The students cross the road every day.
3.bus (名词)公共汽车,巴士
复数: 乘公共汽车
拓展:taxi出租车 metro地铁 train火车 plane飞机 ship轮船
4.traffic light (名词)交通信号灯
在交通灯处
5.take (动词)乘坐,搭乘
三单形式: 搭乘出租车
拓展:搭乘交通工具的表达方式
(1)take +a/the+交通工具
动词短语,去某地直接加上to ,例:take a bus to school乘公交车去学校
(2)by+交通工具
介词短语,要搭配动词使用,例:go to school by bus 乘公交车去学校
(3)on/in+a/the+交通工具 in+a/the taxi/car(内部小,不可站起来的交通工具)
介词短语,要搭配动词使用,例:go to school on the bus 乘公交车去学校
趁热打铁:用take/by/in/on填空(take用适当形式)
1.I come home bike.
2.Lily a taxi to the cinema.
3.I go to school my father’s car.
4.The boy goes to the park the metro.
5.We a plane to Hainan.
6.Lily goes to the library bus.
6.busy (形容词)人来车往的;忙碌的
反义词:free 空闲的 一条人来车往的路 a busy day
7.stay (动词)保持;停留
近义词:keep 跟紧 待在家里
8.close (形容词)接近,靠近
be close to 【一词多义】close(动词)关闭,合上 关门
9.cross (动词)穿越,横过
穿过
词性
用法
例句
cross
动词
从物体表面穿过
Please cross the road with me.
across
介词
从物体表面穿过,搭配动词使用
Don’t run across the road.
through
介词
从物体内部穿过,搭配动词使用
We walk through the forest.
趁热打铁:用cross/across/through填空(cross用适当形式)
1.Liu Tao,don’t the road now.
2.The traffic light is red.We can’t ride the road.
3.We can the river by ferry(轮渡).
4.The runners are running the city.
10.stop (动词)停止,停下
三单形式: 用法:stop+动名词 停止讲话
11.wait (动词)等候,等待
等绿灯 等等我
12.left (形容词)向左边
向左看 向左转
13.right (形容词)向右边
复习:【一词多义】right 正确的 all right 好的 你是对的。
在右边 向右看
单元语法
一、复习情态动词can的用法
can是情态动词,后面加动词原形。 注意:情态动词无人称及数的变化,只有时态变化
1.肯定句结构:主语+can+动词原形+其他。 例:We can go now. 我们现在走了。
2.否定句结构:主语+can't+动词原形+其他。 例:We can’t go now.我们现在不能走。
can't=can not/cannot 注意:有some变any,too变either,and变or
3.一般疑问句结构:Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 例:Can he swim? 他会游泳吗?
肯定回答:Yes,主语 can. 否定回答:No,主语 can't.
注意:①一二人称互换(I/we变you, my/our变your, me/us变you)
②some变any ③读升调 ④句号变问号 ⑤主语是人或物时,答句用对应的代词替代
例:---Can Mike swim? ---Yes,he can.(解析:Mike是男生,答句用he替代)
4.对动词(动作)提问:What can +主语+do?(此处的do替代划线部分的动词)
例:I can sing and dance.(对划线部分提问) What can you do?
趁热打铁:
(一)用所给词的适当形式填空
1.You can't (are)late again! 2.Bobby can (play)ping-pong。
3.Tina (sing)well. 4.Can we (cross)the river now?
(二)按要求改句子
1.We can take a bus to the park.(改为否定句)
We a bus to the park.
2.The ducks can swim in the lake too.(改为否定句)
The ducks in the lake .
3.Lily can play basketball well.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
--- Lily basketball well? ---No, .
4.We can cross the road now.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
--- the road now? ---Yes, .
5.I can play football.(对划线部分提问) ?
6.Sam can see many flowers in the park.(对划线部分提问)
Sam in the park?
(二)复习祈使句
表示命令、请求、劝告、警告及禁止别人做某事的句子叫作祈使句。
(1)常见的三种祈使句
①Be+名词或形容词!如:Be careful!当心!Be a good student.成为一个好学生!
②动词原形+宾语. 如:Stay close.跟紧。
③Let+(第一人称/第三人称)宾格+动词原形,如:Let's go home.让我们回家吧。
(2)祈使句的应答:祈使句的应答一般是“好的”。如:Yes/ Sure./ OK./ All right.
(3)祈使句的否定
祈使句的否定一般在动词原形前加上don't。如:Don't run on the road.不要在路上跑。
Let型变否定句,在动词前加not.如:Let's not swim in the river. 咱们不要在河里游泳。
(4)祈使句的语法口诀
祈使句,主语you,常省去,动词原形谓语当,句首加don't变否定,朗读应当用降调。
趁热打铁:
(一)用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. (not)play on the road. 2. (come)and (eat)a cake.
3.Let’s (go)by bike. 4.Don’t (are)late.
5.Haohao (run)on the road. 6.Liu Tao (take)a bus to school.
(二)按要求改句子。
1.Let's go to the playground. Let’s to the playground.
2.Wait for the green traffic light. for the green traffic light.
3.Please go with us. go with us.
Lead-in&Cartoon time&Story time
1.Let’s go to Aunt Alice’s home. 咱们去爱丽丝阿姨的家吧。
知识点:名词所有格
①直接在人名、名词(不以s结尾)后加 ’s 例:Mike's 迈克的 the lion’s 狮子的
②名词复数(以s结尾)加 s’ 例:the dogs’ 小狗的 the students’ 学生们的
趁热打铁:用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.This is (Jack)school.
2.The (children)kites are very beautiful.
3.We go to (Uncle Li)home and have a party.
4.These bags are the women (teacher).
5.Look at my (friend)picture.
2.There are many cars and buses on the road. 马路上有许多小汽车和公共汽车。
对划线部分提问:
3.The traffic light is red now. 交通灯现在是红色了。(现在是红灯了。)
改为一般疑问句:
4.What traffic rules can you learn from the story? 你从这个故事可以学到什么交通规则?
5.Bobby and Sam take a bus to school. 波比和山姆乘公共汽车去学校。
改为一般疑问句:
改为否定句:
知识点:对交通方式提问提问用“How+一般疑问句?”
趁热打铁:对划线部分提问
1.I go home by bike. go home?
2.We come to school by bus. come to school?
3.Bobby goes to the park by taxi. Bobby to the park?
4.They go to the cinema by taxi. go to the cinema?
6.Look left and right first. 先左右看看。
【文化拓展】在中国,人们靠右走,过马路时,要“左—右—左”观察路口 first 首先
7.That's right. 那是对的。
区分:That's all right. 没关系。(对“Sorry.”的回答)
8.That’s our bus. 那是我们的巴士。
改为一般疑问句: 否定回答:
对划线部分提问:
9.How do the family keep safe on the road? 这家人在马路上如何保持安全?
family (集体名词)家人,本身是复数
10.how to cross the road 如何过马路 how to keep safe 如何保持安全
知识点:how to do sth. 如何做某事
Sounds in focus
o→/əʊ/ 速记:字母o在“辅音+o”或“辅音+o+辅音+不发音的e”结构中发字母本来音/əʊ/
例:go no piano home close oh hole nose
拓展:o在ld,st前也读/əʊ/ 如:old cold most
趁热打铁:判断下列单词划线部分发音是否相同,相同的写“S”,不相同的写“D”
( )1.old not
( )2.go hello
( )3.computer today
( )4.stop dog
( )5.close most
( )6.cross nose
1.It's a lovely day today. 今天是个好天气。
同义句:
2.Don't stay at home all day. 不要整天待在家里。
改为肯定句:
3.Take your bike and your helmet. 带着你的自行车和你的头盔。
改为否定句:
单元词汇拓展:
交通工具:metro/subway地铁 taxi出租车 plane飞机 ship轮船 ferry轮渡 tram有轨电车
答案
New words
1.roads road safety
2.趁热打铁:1.safety 2.safely 3.safe 4.safe 5.safely
3.buses take a bus/by bus
4.at the traffic light
5.takes take a taxi/by taxi
趁热打铁:1.by 2.takes 3.in 4.on 5.take 6.by
6.a busy road 忙碌的一天
7.stay close stay at home
8.与……靠近、亲近 close the door
9.趁热打铁:1.cross 2.across 3.cross 4.through
10.stops stop talking
11.wait for the green light wait for me
12.look left turn left
13.You are right. on the right look right
单元语法
(一)趁热打铁
1.be 2.play 3.sings 4.cross
(二)趁热打铁
1.can’t take 2.can’t swim either 3.Can play she can’t
4.Can you cross we can 5.What can you do? 6.What can see
(一)趁热打铁
1.Don’t 2.Come eat 3.go 4.be 5.runs 6.takes
(二)趁热打铁
1.not go 2.Don’t wait 3.Please don’t
Lead-in&Cartoon time&Story time
趁热打铁:1.Jack’s 2.children’s 3.Uncle Li’s 4.teachers’ 5.friend’s
2.What’ on the road?
3.Is the traffic light red now?
4./
5.Do Bobby and Sam take a bus to school? Bobby and Sam don’t take a bus to school.
趁热打铁:1.How do you 2.How do you 3.How does go 4.How do they
6./ 7./ 8.Is that your bus? No it isn’t What’s that? 9./ 10./
Sounds in focus
趁热打铁:DSSSSD
1.It’s a sunny/fine day today.
2.Stay at home all day.
3.Don’t take your bike or your helmet.
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