专题02 阅读理解 记叙文（期中真题汇编）高一英语下学期人教版

专题02 阅读理解 记叙文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·广东化州·期中） We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn’t even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open in surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, “Very dirty floors.” “Yes, I’m glad they’ve finally decided to clean them,” the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, “But aren’t you working late?” Mum just pushed harder, each swipe (拖一下) of the mop taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book. After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, “Thank you.” Outside, Mum told me, “Dagmar is fine. No fever.” “You saw her, Mum?” “Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. It’s a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush.” 1. When she took a mop from the small room, what Mum really wanted to do was _______. A. to clean the floor B. to please the nurse C. to see a patient D. to surprise the story-teller 2. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a_______. A. nurse B. visitor C. patient D. cleaner 3. What can be inferred about the hospital? A. It is a children’s hospital. B. It has strict rules about visiting hours. C. The conditions there aren’t very good. D. The nurses and doctors there don’t work hard. 4. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely _______. A. the story-teller’s sister B. Mum’s friend C. the story-teller’s classmate D. Dad’s boss 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了妈妈为了在非探视时间去看望病人，装作清洁工进入医院的故事。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Outside, Mum told me, “Dagmar is fine. No fever.”(在外面，妈妈告诉我：“Dagmar很好。没有发烧。”)”可知，妈妈拿拖把进入医院的真正目的是去看病人Dagmar。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““Yes, I’m glad they’ve finally decided to clean them,” the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, “But aren’t you working late?” (“是的，我很高兴他们终于决定清理它们了，”护士回答。她奇怪地看着妈妈说：“但你不是工作到很晚吗？”)”可知，护士以为妈妈是一名清洁工。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. (我跟她讲了医院的规定，她要等到明天才会盼着我们去)”及全文可知，妈妈为了见到病人Dagmar，需要装作清洁工才能进入医院，这暗示了医院对于探视时间有严格的规定。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Dad will stop worrying as well. (爸爸也不用再担心了)”以及妈妈和讲述者一起的情节，可以推断出Dagmar最有可能是讲述者的姐姐或妹妹，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·河北宁晋二中·期中） 2, 000 years ago, the most powerful army in the world belonged to the Romans. They conquered (占领) almost all of Europe, and parts of Asia and Africa. Life in the army was hard. And many of the soldiers long for the comforts of home. They wanted to get married and set up families. The emperor, whose name was Claudius, grew worried that his army was growing soft. So he made a law that no soldier was allowed to get married. By that time, many of the Romans were Christians. And one of their leaders was a bishop (主教), called Valentine. He believed that if a man and a woman fell in love with each other, they should get married. And so he decided to let soldiers get married in his church, even though it was against the law. The soldiers’ weddings were meant to be kept secret. But as you know, all secrets are hard to keep. And soon the word got out. Valentine was arrested (逮捕) and brought before the emperor who demanded that he stop helping soldiers to marry. When he refused, the emperor pronounced (宣判) him to death. While Valentine was in prison, the jailer’s daughter used to bring him food. She was a young blind woman. She and Valentine used to spend long hours talking to each other. And soon they fell in love. One day, Valentine put his hand through the bars of the cell and touched the lids of her closed eyes. When she opened them again, she could see. It was a miracle (奇迹). The love story didn’t continue. Unfortunately, Valentine’s execution (死刑) was set for February 14th. This took place in the year 270. And ever since, people have observed the day of February14th called Valentine’s Day, in honour of this brave bishop. 1. Why were the soldiers forbidden (禁止) to get married? A. The soldiers had no spare time to consider this. B. The soldiers who got married would become soft. C. The soldiers were not interested in marriage. D. The emperor stopped them getting married. 2. Which of the following could Valentine agree with? A. Soldiers shouldn’t get married in his church. B. Two people who love each other should get married. C. Soldiers shouldn’t get married secretly. D. It is against social custom for soldiers to get married. 3. Why does Valentine’s Day fall on February 14th? A. People used to get married on that day. B. A bishop cured his beloved girl on that day. C. Valentine’s birthday was on February 14th. D. A bishop called Valentine was sentenced to death on the day. 4. In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the text? A. Geography. B. Travelling. C. Festival. D. Life. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了情人节背后的故事，介绍了情人节的由来。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The emperor, whose name was Claudius, grew worried that his army was growing soft. So he made a law that no soldier was allowed to get married. (皇帝名叫克劳狄斯，他开始担心自己的军队变得软弱。因此，他制定了一项法律，禁止士兵结婚。)”可知，士兵们被禁止结婚是因为皇帝阻止他们结婚。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“He believed that if a man and a woman fell in love with each other, they should get married. (他认为，如果一个男人和一个女人相爱了，他们就应该结婚。)”可知，瓦伦丁会同意相爱的两个人应该结婚。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Unfortunately, Valentine’s execution was set for February 14th. (不幸的是，瓦伦丁的死刑定在2月14日。)”和最后一段“And ever since, people have observed the day of February14th called Valentine’s Day, in honour of this brave bishop. (从那时起，人们就把2月14日定为情人节，以纪念这位勇敢的主教。)”可知，情人节是2月14日是因为一位名叫瓦伦丁的主教在那天被判处死刑。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了情人节背后的故事，介绍了情人节的由来，因此这篇文章最有可能出现在报纸的“节日”部分。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·福建莆田锦江中学·期中） Nicholas Sparks is an American novelist known for his best-selling tales of romance (浪漫) and heartbreak. Sparks grew up mainly in north-central California, where his family moved when he was eight. He attended the University of Notre Dame on a track scholarship, but an injury ended his athletic career and led him to write his first unpublished novel. In 1988, he graduated with a major in business and held a variety of jobs. In the early 1990s, he and his wife, Cathy Cote, settled in North Carolina, which later provided a setting for his novels. While working his day job, Sparks continued to write. He cooperated with former Olympic runner Billy Mills on Wokini: A Lakota Journey to Happiness and Self-Understanding. The book, which was inspired by a Native American legend, was published in 1990. Determined to become a professional writer, Sparks spent several months working on The Notebook, his first published novel, which hit The New York Times best-seller list immediately after it reached the public in 1996. By the time the film adaptation (改编) was released in 2004, Sparks had published seven more novels. Although Sparks’s fiction usually involves love stories, he rejects the suggestion that he is a “romance novelist”. His supporters agree that Sparks explores more-serious subject matter, such as loneliness, sadness, and loss, and that many of his books feature less-than-happy endings. That is also evident in his only nonfiction work, Three Weeks with My Brother, in which he and his brother, Micah, share their own emotional responses to the deaths of their parents and sister. Sparks has devoted much of his time and literary profits to writing programs at Notre Dame and to charitable causes, most notably the Nicholas Sparks Foundation, which he and his wife established in 2011. 1. What led Sparks to write his first novel? A. A scholarship. B. His marriage. C. An accident. D. His major. 2. What do we know about The Notebook? A. It arrived in cinemas in 2004. B. It was written by two authors. C. It became a hit due to a report. D. It was Sparks’ nonfiction work. 3. Why isn’t Sparks a romance novelist? A. His stories have nothing to do with love. B. He prefers to record real events in lives. C. His books never end with happiness. D. He pays attention to various themes. 4. Which words can best describe Sparks? A. Lucky and careful. B. Tough and caring. C. Honest and brave. D. Tolerant and calm. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国小说家Nicholas Sparks的成长经历、写作生涯，他作品的特点以及他在慈善方面的贡献。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He attended the University of Notre Dame on a track scholarship, but an injury ended his athletic career and led him to write his first unpublished novel.(他凭借田径奖学金进入圣母大学，但一次受伤结束了他的运动生涯，并促使他写出了第一部未出版的小说)”可知，一次受伤(即意外事故)促使Sparks写了他的第一部小说。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Determined to become a professional writer, Sparks spent several months working on The Notebook, his first published novel, which hit The New York Times best seller list immediately after it reached the public in 1996. By the time the film adaptation was released in 2004, Sparks had published seven more novels.(决心成为一名职业作家的Sparks花了几个月时间创作了他的第一部出版小说《恋恋笔记本》，该书于1996年面向公众发行后立即登上了《纽约时报》畅销书排行榜。到2004年电影改编版上映时，Sparks又出版了七部小说)”可知，《恋恋笔记本》于2004年被改编成电影上映。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Although Sparks’s fiction usually involves love stories, he rejects the suggestion that he is a ‘romance novelist’. His supporters agree that Sparks explores more serious subject matter, such as loneliness, sadness, and loss, and that many of his books feature less than happy endings.(虽然Sparks的小说通常包含爱情故事，但他不认同自己是“言情小说家”这一说法。他的支持者们一致认为，Sparks探讨了更严肃的主题，如孤独、悲伤和失落，而且他的许多书都以不太圆满的结局收尾)”可知，Sparks不仅仅关注爱情故事，还关注各种不同的主题，所以他不是言情小说家。故选D项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“He attended the University of Notre Dame on a track scholarship, but an injury ended his athletic career and led him to write his first unpublished novel.(他凭借田径奖学金进入圣母大学，但一次受伤结束了他的运动生涯，并促使他写出了第一部未出版的小说)”和第三段“Determined to become a professional writer, Sparks spent several months working on The Notebook, his first published novel, which hit The New York Times best seller list immediately after it reached the public in 1996.(决心成为一名职业作家的Sparks花了几个月时间创作了他的第一部出版小说《恋恋笔记本》，该书于1996年面向公众发行后立即登上了《纽约时报》畅销书排行榜)”可知，Sparks在受伤结束运动生涯后，没有放弃，而是坚持写作并取得成功，体现了他的坚韧。再根据最后一段“Sparks has devoted much of his time and literary profits to writing programs at Notre Dame and to charitable causes, most notably the Nicholas Sparks Foundation, which he and his wife established in 2011.(Sparks将大量的时间和文学收益投入到圣母大学的写作项目以及慈善事业中，其中最著名的是他和妻子在2011年成立的Nicholas Sparks基金会)”可知，他很有爱心，愿意为慈善事业付出。所以“Tough and caring(坚韧且有爱心)”最能描述他。故选B项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·四川遂宁·期中） The Jones-Baldwin family wasn’t always so big. When Keia Jones married her husband Richardo Baldwin in 2010, she had just one child: a 2-year-old daughter, Zariyah from a previous relationship. Little did they know, though, that their family would eventually add not one, not two, but three more children to the Jones-Baldwin family, thanks to the gift of adoption. First came 11-year-old Karleigh, in 2014. She and Zariyah became close friends at school, but due to some financial difficulties, Keia says Karleigh’s mother fell on hard times and was unable to properly care for her. In 2017, the couple adopted a lovely 3-year-old named Ayden. That same year, their fourth child came into their lives unexpectedly. “Unlike our three other black kids, the baby, named Princeton, is white,” Keia recalls. Princeton was born seriously ill and stayed in hospital several weeks after his birth. “They needed someone to do skin-to-skin with him,” says Keia, “and chose me for the task, and I was more than willing to take on the job.” The experience of being black parents raising a white son has certainly caused them some trouble. There are always lots of suspicious stares and unfavorable comments wherever they go. Someone even called the police and said the baby was stolen by the couple. Once the family were enjoying themselves on the beach in Florida when the police were called in. It was not until Keia showed the police their ID cards that they were convinced that the baby was indeed their adopted son. When asked why they would make so much effort to adopt the kids, Keia smiled. “It’s all love,” she said.“Both my husband and I love kids. We just can’t stand seeing kids suffering. Thank goodness, the lovely kids, who are from different cultures and of different ages, are all growing up healthily and happily under the same roof. Over the years, they have brought us so much joy! Our hearts are so full and so grateful.” 1. How many people are there in the family? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven. 2. Why was Karleigh adopted? A. She was deserted by her parents. B. She was Zariyah’s close friend. C. Her mother failed to raise her well. D. She needed someone to do skin-to-skin with her. 3. What is some people’s attitude to the couple raising Princeton? A. Indifferent. B. Sympathetic. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Keia will make every effort to adopt more kid. B. Adopting the kids is a win-win situation. C. The kids adopted were from the same family. D. The kids have brought much money for the couple. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了琼斯-鲍德温夫妇收养了三个肤色不同的孩子的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Jones-Baldwin family wasn’t always so big. When Keia Jones married her husband Richardo Baldwin in 2010, she had just one child: a 2-year-old daughter, Zariyah from a previous relationship. Little did they know, though, that their family would eventually add not one, not two, but three more children to the Jones-Baldwin family, thanks to the gift of adoption.(琼斯-鲍德温家族并非一直如此庞大。凯娅·琼斯2010年嫁给丈夫理查德·鲍德温时，只有一个孩子：上一段婚姻留下的两岁女儿扎里娅。然而他们不知道的是，他们的家庭最终会给琼斯-鲍温家增加不是一个，不是两个，而是三个孩子，这多亏了收养的礼物)”可知，这对夫妻本来有一个孩子，后来收养了三个孩子，因此家里有6口人。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“First came 1l-year-old Karleigh, in 2014. She and Zariyah became close friends at school, but due to some financial difficulties, Keia says Karleigh’s mother fell on hard times and was unable to properly care for her(2014年，11岁的卡丽第一个到来。她和扎里娅在学校成了好朋友。凯娅说，但由于经济上的困难卡丽的母亲陷入了困境，无法适当地照顾她)”可知，卡丽被收养是因为她母亲没能把她抚养好。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“The experience of being black parents raising a white son has certainly caused them some trouble.There are always lots of suspicious stares and unfavorable comments wherever they go. Someone even called the police and said the baby was stolen by the couple(黑人父母抚养白人儿子的经历死疑给他们带来了一些麻烦。无论他们走到哪里，总会有很多怀疑的目光和不利的评论。甚至有人报了警，说孩子被这对夫妇偷走了)”可知，有些人对这对抚养普林斯顿的夫妇持怀疑态度。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Both my husband and I love kids. We just can’t stand seeing kids suffering. Thank goodness, the lovely kids, who are from different cultures and of different ages, are all growing up healthily and happily under the same roof. Over the years, they have brought us so much joy! Our hearts are so full and so grateful.(我丈夫和我都喜欢孩子。我们只是无法忍受看到孩子们受苦。感谢上帝，这些来自不同文化、不同年龄的可爱的孩子们都在同一个屋檐下健康快乐地成长。这些年来，他们给我们带来了这么多的快乐!我们的心中充满了感激)”可知，从最后一段我们可以看出收养孩子是一个双赢的局面。故选B。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·山东宁阳复圣中学·期中） Emma Chen, from the United States, works as a volunteer in Hangzhou’s Liangzhu Museum, Zhejiang province. The museum was built in 2005 and shows the archaeological findings from the Liangzhu ruins. What has caught Chen’s attention the most is a ring-footed black pottery jar (陶罐) that has 12 symbols. Some experts feel it tells a story. “It says that a man caught a tiger with a net,” Chen said. “There are many different explanations, but they were probably depicting specific activities or events, carving on a jar what had happened earlier that day, the way people these days post moments on WeChat,” she said. Chen’s deep knowledge of museums is impressive, and her love connects people across the ages. She has a special gift for making ancient history come alive and attracting visitors. Her love for Chinese history happened before she was majoring in Oriental (东方的) studies. She learned Chinese during her college days in the US, and the interest finally drove her across the Pacific Ocean. Coming to China in early 2015 after graduating, she became a member of the museum’s volunteer team in 2022. Chen said her repeated visits to the museum led to them making an offer. “I remembered a worker coming up to me and asking if I wanted to do the job. I had always wanted to do it, so I agreed immediately,” she said. “I just happened to be at the right place at the right time.” Chen has visited many museums in China, such as the Yinxu Museum in Henan province and the Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan province. But in her eyes, Liangzhu Museum is an invaluable treasure that cannot be taken the place of because she believes every word that is written on a wall in the hall of the museum, that “Liangzhu is the most specific testimony (证明) of 5,000 years of Chinese civilization”. In 2019, the Liangzhu ruins made it to the UNESCO World Heritage List. 1. What does the underlined word “depicting” mean in paragraph 2? A. Describing. B. Carving. C. Painting. D. Acting. 2. How did Chen’s love for Chinese history influence her life? A. It made her change her major in college. B. It helped her become a professional archaeologist. C. It encouraged her to learn Chinese and finally move to China. D. It led her to work at the Liangzhu Museum at once after graduation. 3. What makes the Liangzhu Museum special to Chen? A. Its size in China. B. Its historical (历史的) value. C. Its modern design. D. Its large collections. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The Liangzhu Museum in Hangzhou. B. Different kinds of museums in China. C. An American volunteer’s determination. D. An American volunteer for a Chinese museum. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国志愿者Emma Chen在中国良渚博物馆做志愿者的故事。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第二段中“There are many different explanations, but they were probably depicting specific activities or events, carving on a jar what had happened earlier that day, the way people these days post moments on WeChat (有很多不同的解释，但它们可能depicting了具体的活动或事件，在罐子上刻下当天早些时候发生的事情，就像现在人们在微信上发布时刻的方式一样)”可知，这些符号可能是在描述特定的活动或事件，depicting意为“描述”，与选项A“Describing (描述)”相符。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“She learned Chinese during her college days in the US, and the interest finally drove her across the Pacific Ocean. Coming to China in early 2015 after graduating, she became a member of the museum’s volunteer team in 2022. (她在美国大学期间学习了中文，这种兴趣最终驱使她横渡太平洋。毕业后，她于2015年初来到中国，2022年成为博物馆志愿者团队的一员。)”可知，她对中国历史的热爱促使她学中文，并最终来到了中国。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“But in her eyes, Liangzhu Museum is an invaluable treasure that cannot be taken the place of because she believes every word that is written on a wall in the hall of the museum, that “Liangzhu is the most specific testimony (证明) of 5,000 years of Chinese civilization”. (但在她眼中，良渚博物馆是一件无法替代的无价之宝，因为她相信博物馆大厅墙上写的每一句话，“良渚是中华文明五千年最具体的见证”。)”可知，良渚博物馆对她来说特别之处在于它的历史价值。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Emma Chen, from the United States, works as a volunteer in Hangzhou’s Liangzhu Museum, Zhejiang province. The museum was built in 2005 and shows the archaeological findings from the Liangzhu ruins. (来自美国的Emma Chen在浙江省杭州市良渚博物馆做志愿者。该博物馆建于2005年，展示了良渚遗址的考古发现。)”可知，文章主要讲述了来自美国的志愿者Emma Chen在杭州良渚博物馆做志愿者，向游客讲述中国历史的故事。由此可知，D选项“An American volunteer for a Chinese museum. (一位为中国博物馆服务的美国志愿者)”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高一下·广东顺德德胜中学·期中） Oprah Winfrey is recognized as one of the most powerful females in the world. A successful TV hostess, and an influential producer are among the titles she is known as. She was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi, on January 29, 1954. As a child, she lived with poverty and mistreatment. Although she was not offered everything effortlessly, she still overcame her childhood struggles and made her mark in the world. How did Oprah Winfrey overcome the setbacks (挫折) and build her career from zero? It started when she was 19 and won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty contest. This was her stepping stone towards her journey to work in the media. She started her career as a radio and TV hostess in Nashville. Then she moved to Baltimore, Maryland, where she hosted a local talk show called People Are Talking. This show gained popularity and this finally led to her own national talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, which ran for 25 seasons and was the highest-rated talk show in the history of television. Oprah has a heart of gold and has been a supporter of many causes over the course of her career, such as education, health, and wellness. She has used her stage to inspire and teach people worldwide through her charity organization known as the Oprah Winfrey Network. She also took a step for the education of girls in South Africa by starting the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy. Oprah Winfrey’s life is a true example of where being strong and determined can lead you. She has shown people that if you put your mind to something, you can achieve it. The lesson we can learn from her is that no matter how hard things get, you can always find the strength to keep going and reach your goals. 1. What was Oprah’s childhood like? A. She was born with a silver spoon. B. She struggled with health problems. C. She went through a lot of difficulties. D. She grew up in an easy atmosphere. 2. What was the first step of Oprah’s career? A. Winning a beauty contest. B. Launching a local talk show. C. Running a national talk show. D. Hosting a radio and TV programme. 3. Which of the following can best describe Oprah? A. Warm-hearted but impatient. B. Humorous and ambitious. C. Narrow-minded but talented. D. Strong-willed and kind-hearted. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国著名脱口秀主持人奥普拉·温弗瑞（Oprah Winfrey）的生平事迹和成就。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“As a child, she lived with poverty and mistreatment. (她童年时生活在贫困和虐待之中。)”以及 “Although she was not offered everything effortlessly, she still overcame her childhood struggles and made her mark in the world. (尽管她并非轻而易举地获得一切，但她仍然克服了童年的挣扎并在世界上留下了自己的印记。)”可知，奥普拉·温弗瑞的童年充满了贫困和虐待等困难。选项C“went through a lot of difficulties (经历了很多困难)”准确地概括了她的童年经历。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“It started when she was 19 and won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty contest. This was her stepping stone towards her journey to work in the media. (这要从她19岁赢得田纳西州黑人小姐选美比赛开始说起。这是她步入媒体工作旅程的垫脚石。)”可知，奥普拉职业生涯的第一步是赢得选美比赛。选项A“Winning a beauty contest (赢得选美比赛)”是她事业的起点。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“she still overcame her childhood struggles (她仍然克服了童年的挣扎)”和最后一段“Oprah Winfrey’s life is a true example of where being strong and determined can lead you. (奥普拉·温弗瑞的人生是坚强和决心能将你带向何方的真实写照。)”以及“She has shown people that if you put your mind to something, you can achieve it. (她向人们表明，如果你下定决心做某事，你就能实现它。)”可以看出她意志坚强、有决心。根据第四段“Oprah has a heart of gold (奥普拉有一颗金子般的心)”以及她支持公益事业、创办慈善组织和学校的描述，可以看出她心地善良、乐于助人。选项D“Strong-willed and kind-hearted (意志坚定且心地善良)”最准确地概括了奥普拉的性格特点。故选D项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·广东东莞八中·期中） My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun. In September of 2020, I started a side business in São Paulo selling bread, sauces and other foods online. At the same time, my husband and I were revisiting our dream of living abroad. Canada seemed like the perfect choice because of its diverse (多样的) food culture. I chose to study culinary (烹饪的) management at George Brown College, one of Canada’s top culinary schools. I started my two-year program in September 2022. The program included business courses, such as human resources, and marketing, as well as hands-on cooking classes. I learned skills to be a cook, like working with flavors (味道), and how to prepare large amounts of food. Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness. Being in a kitchen invigorated me. I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do. During my studies, I had some exciting opportunities. I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips. I was one of the winners and got to run an online store, Flavia’s Taste of Brazil, for a week. Using the college’s kitchen, I completed 25 orders, preparing a total of 41 meals. Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love. 1. What can we know about the author when she was a child? A. She loved staying in the kitchen. B. She spent a lot of time in Canada. C. She dreamed of studying abroad. D. She offered to run a side business. 2. Why did the author go to George Brown College? A. To work with her husband. B. To follow her love for cooking. C. To meet her parents’ wishes. D. To find a well-paid job in Brazil. 3. Which best explains the underlined word “invigorated” in paragraph 2? A. Made fun of someone. B. Gave energy to someone. C. Kept track of someone. D. Left a message to someone, 4. What does the author’s success in cooking competitions suggest? A. She is a uniquely gifted teacher. B. She is inspired by other winners. C. She is highly skilled and creative. D. She is lucky enough to be a finalist. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何从童年时期对烹饪的热爱出发，通过在加拿大的烹饪管理课程学习，最终实现自己的梦想并取得成就。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun.(我的父母是出色的厨师。从小到大，我喜欢和他们一起在厨房里。这是一个我可以放松自己，发挥创造力，享受乐趣的地方)”可知，作者小时候喜欢和父母一起待在厨房。故选A。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I chose to study culinary (烹饪的) management at George Brown College, one of Canada's top culinary schools.(我选择了在加拿大顶级烹饪学校之一的乔治布朗学院学习烹饪管理)”并结合最后一段“Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love.(回到大学不仅仅是为了学习烹饪的硬技能。它给了我勇气和信心去追求我的爱)”可推断，作者去 George Brown College是为了追求她对烹饪的热爱。故选B。 【3题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness.(有些日子，我从早上7点一直到下午5点不歇脚，但我的心里充满了幸福)”及画线词后“I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do.(我知道烹饪是我想做的事情)”可推断，一直待在厨房里使作者感到快乐，使作者充满干劲儿。画线词与“Gave energy to someone(给予某人能量)”的意思最接近。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips.(我是学校烹饪比赛的决赛选手，我做了一种传统的巴西火鸡沙拉salpicao。2024年4月，我参加了Cookin举办的一场烹饪比赛。Cookin是一款厨师销售和送餐的应用。我设计了一份巴西风味的菜单，包括从乡村到海岸的菜肴，包括番石榴酱猪肉和薯条)”可推断，在烹饪方面, 作者不仅技术熟练，而且富有创造力。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·湖南衡阳县三中·期中） I really love my job because I enjoy working with small children and like the challenges and awards from the job. I also think my work is important. There was a time when I thought I would never have that sort of career. I wasn’t an excellent student, because I didn’t do much schoolwork. In my final term, I started thinking what I might do and found I didn’t have much to offer. I just accepted that I wasn’t the type to have a career. I then found myself a job, looking after two little girls. It wasn’t too bad at first. But the problems began when I agreed to live in, so that I would be there if my boss had to go out for business in the evening. We agreed that if I had to work extra hours one week, she’d give me time off the next. But unfortunately, it didn’t often work out. I was getting extremely tired and fed up, because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children. One Sunday, I was in the park with the children, and met Megan who used to go to school with me. I told her about my situation. She suggested that I should do a course and get a qualification (资格证书) if I wanted to work with children. I didn’t think I would be accepted, because I didn’t take many exams in school. She persuaded me to phone the local college and they were really helpful. My experience counted for a lot and I got on a part-time course. I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten. Now I’ve got a full-time job there. I shall always be thankful to Megan. I wish I had known earlier that you could have a career, even if you aren’t top of the class at school. 1. What is the author’s present job? A. Working part-time in a college. B. Taking care of children for a family. C. Helping children with their schoolwork. D. Looking after children at a kindergarten. 2. Why did the author leave her first job? A. She found a full-time job. B. She was fed up with children. C. She decided to attend a part-time course. D. She needed a rest after working extra hours. 3. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. Megan helped the author find a part-time job. B. The author used to take care of two girls in a family. C. In the family with two girls, the author had to work extra hours very often. D. The author met Megan in a park. 4. What has the author learned from her own experiences? A. Less successful students can still have a career. B. Qualifications are necessary for a career. C. Hard work makes an excellent student. D. One must choose the job he likes. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者找到适合自己的工作的经历。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I really love my job because I enjoy working with small children and like the challenges and awards from the job.(我真的很喜欢我的工作，因为我喜欢做儿童工作，喜欢工作带来的挑战和奖励。)”、第四段中的“I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten.(我不得不辞去在那一家的工作，在幼儿园找了份帮忙的工作。)”和最后一段中的“Now I’ve got a full-time job there.(现在我在那里有一份全职工作。)”可知，现在作者在幼儿园有了一份全职工作，她和小孩子打交道，由此可推测，她现在在幼儿园照顾小孩子。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“My experience counted for a lot and I got on a part-time course. I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten.(我的经验很重要，我上了一门兼读课程。我不得不辞去在那一家的工作，在幼儿园找了份帮忙的工作。)”可知，由于作者要上兼读课程，所以辞去了第一份工作。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I then found myself a job, looking after two little girls.(然后我找到了一份工作，照顾两个小女孩。)”和“We agreed that if I had to work extra hours one week, she’d give me time off the next. But unfortunately, it didn’t often work out.(我们约定，如果我一周必须加班，她下一周会给我休假。但不幸的是，它并不经常奏效。)”可知，作者曾在一个家里照顾两个女孩子，这份工作经常让作者加班，所以B项和C项陈述正确；根据第四段中的“One Sunday, I was in the park with the children, and met Megan who used to go to school with me.(一个星期天，我和孩子们在公园里，遇到了曾经和我一起上学的梅根。)”可知，作者和梅根是在公园见面的，所以D项陈述正确。根据第四段中的“I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten.(我不得不辞去在那一家的工作，在幼儿园找了份帮忙的工作。)”可知，文章中提到作者在幼儿园找到了一份兼职的工作，但并没有指出是梅根帮助作者的，所以A项错误。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I wish I had known earlier that you could have a career, even if you aren’t top of the class at school.(我希望我早点知道，即使你在学校不是班上的尖子生，你也可以有一份事业。)”并结合作者的经历可推测出，作者在学校并不是一个优秀的学生，但她最后依然找到了自己喜欢的工作，所以不那么成功的学生依然可以拥有一份事业。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·广东实验中学·期中） At eleven, I decided to learn to swim. There was a pool at the YMCA offering exactly the opportunity. My mother always warned against it, and kept fresh in my mind the details of each drowning in the river. But the YMCA pool was safe. I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and my father took me to the beach. The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me. The pool was quiet. I was afraid of going in all alone, so I sat on one side of the pool to wait for others. Then came a big boy. He yelled, “Hi, how’d you like to in the water?” With that he picked me up and threw me into the deep end. I landed in a sitting position, and swallowed water. But I was not frightened out of my wits — when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump to come out of the surface. It seemed a long way down. I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards. Then I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water. I tried to yell but no sound came out. I went down, down, endlessly. When I came to consciousness, I found myself lying on the bed in the hospital. I never went back to the pool. I avoided water whenever I could. This misadventure stayed with me as the years rolled by. It deprived (剥夺) me of the joy of boating and swimming. Finally, I decided to get an instructor. Piece by piece, he built a swimmer. Several months later, the instructor was finished, but I was not. Sometimes the terror would return. This went on until July. I swam across the Lake Wentworth. Only once did the terror return. When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?” I had overcome my fear of water. 1. The author’s original fear of water was caused by ______. A. his poor skill in swimming B. his mother’s warning of drowning C. an outing to the beach with his father D. an unpleasant memory of the pool 2. Why was the author not scared to death when he was thrown into the water? A. He knew how to swim in the pool. B. He felt that the YMCA pool was safe. C. He was waiting for others to save him. D. He came up with an idea to go upwards. 3. By expressing “but I was not” in Paragraph 5, the author probably means ______. A. he was still a poor swimmer B. he had not overcome the fear yet C. he was not afraid of drowning any more D. he was not satisfied with the swimming training 4. What does the author’s experience with swimming teach us about overcoming fear? A. It is important to face our fears head-on. B. It is better to avoid situations that cause fear. C. It is impossible to overcome deep-seated fears. D. It is best to rely on others to help us overcome fear. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在海难被巨浪打翻和在泳池被大男孩扔进深水区的惊险经历导致他怕水，后来他决定聘请教练学习游泳并最终克服对水的恐惧。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and my father took me to the beach. The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me.(我小时候就怕水。这始于我三岁的时候，我父亲带我去海滩。巨浪把我打倒，把我卷了过去)”可知，作者最初对水的恐惧源于和父亲去海滩游玩，被巨浪打翻的经历。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But I was not frightened out of my wits — when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump to come out of the surface.(但我并没有被吓得魂飞神离——当我的脚触到底部时，我就会猛地一跳，跳出水面)”可知，作者之所以不是太害怕是因为他可以用脚触到泳池底部后往上跳，找到了向上露出水面的方法。故选D项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。划线部分上文“Finally, I decided to get an instructor. Piece by piece, he built a swimmer. Several months later, the instructor was finished(最后，我决定找个教练。他一点一点地培养了一个游泳者。几个月后，教练的工作完成了)”讲作者学会了游泳，教练完成了工作。但根据下文“but I was not.  Sometimes the terror would return.(但我还没有。有时恐惧又会回来)”可知，上下文有转折关系，说明虽然教练完成了工作，但作者还没有，他仍然没有克服对水的恐惧。“but I was not”与“he had not overcome the fear yet”同义。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?”(当我游到湖中央时，我把脸埋在下面，除了看不到底的水什么也没看到。我笑着说：“好吧，恐怖先生，你觉得你能把我怎么样?”)”和最后一段中“I had overcome my fear of water.(我已经克服了对水的恐惧)”可知，作者在湖中央勇敢面对自己的恐惧并最终战胜了它。所以作者的经历告诉我们要直面恐惧，才能战胜它。故选A项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东济南二中·期中） There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have a lot of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help. The old man told him, “I just have what you exactly need, and it’s in the attic. Wait a minute here.” Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. It’s rather tricky to sit on for it’s invisible, but if you take it to school and manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your real friends are,” Grandpa said. Mario was curious to know whether it was true or not, so he took the strange invisible chair and set off for school. At break time, he asked his classmates to form a circle, and then he put himself inside, with his chair. “Nobody moves! You’ re about to see something amazing.” Then Mario tried to sit on the chair, but he missed and fell down onto his back. Everyone had a pretty good laugh about it. Mario wouldn’t be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground…until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall over. This time he sat, hovering in mid-air... Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana — three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down. Meanwhile, many others he had thought of as friends did nothing but make fun of him, enjoying his every fall. Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought. of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes (不幸). 1. Why did Mario turn to his grandpa for help? A. Because he wondered about true friends. B. Because he couldn’t make any friends. C. Because he didn’t get along with his schoolmates D. Because he didn’t like his school. 2. Why was Mario able to hover in the mid-air? A. Because he managed to sit on the invisible chair finally. B. Because his three friends held him up. C. Because his classmates gave him a chair to sit on. D. Because he could see the magic chair clearly. 3. Who are real friends according to the text? A. Those who laugh with us. B. Those who take joy in our misfortunes. C. Those who care for us when we are popular at school D. Those who sympathize with your misfortunes. 4. How did Mario most probably feel in the end of the text? A. Happy. B. Unconcerned. C. Upset. D. Uncomfortable. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Mario为了弄清楚谁是真正的朋友，听从爷爷的建议，拿了一把看不见的椅子去学校，通过观察同学们的反应，最终明白了真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不是那些只是路过或者在我们不幸时取笑我们的人。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help.(然而，他不确定他的同学是否是他真正的朋友，所以他向他的爷爷求助。)”可知，Mario向他的爷爷求助是因为他想知道真正的朋友是什么样的。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana — three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down.(Mario环顾四周，看到他的三个最好的朋友George、Lucas和Diana把他举起来，这样他就不会摔倒了。)”可知，Mario能在半空中悬浮是因为他的三个朋友把他举起来了。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes.(和他的三个朋友一起离开后，他向他们解释了他的爷爷是如何巧妙地想出一个办法来告诉他，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不仅仅是碰巧路过的熟人。更不用说真正的朋友是那些在我们不幸时取乐的人了。)”可知，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，也就是那些同情你的不幸的人。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by.(和他的三个朋友一起离开后，他向他们解释了他的爷爷是如何巧妙地想出一个办法来告诉他，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不仅仅是碰巧路过的熟人。)”可知，Mario通过这件事明白了真正的朋友是什么样的，并且他还有三个真正的朋友，所以他应该是高兴的。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南京励志中学·期中） While getting into Harvard Law School is never easy for anyone, Rehan, whose single-parent family was poor, made it by himself. Rehan lived through years of family struggles, poverty, and unfairness. He saw his father do several jobs to raise his brother and him with little rest and food. Rehan admitted he was pained and “hungry for more”. Life taught him the value of hard work and self-improvement at a very young age. Those hard times tested the family as a whole. The more stressed Rehan was, the worse his grades became. His father told him to learn to relax by exercising. With a different purpose, he channeled his energy into sports, which he hoped would become his way out of a poor life. However, things didn’t go that way. His father was in bad physical condition and then Rehan had to take a job at Bates Trucking & Trash Removal. He was smart and worked harder than any others. His co-workers spoke highly of him and tried to persuade him to go back to school. One of the company owners even helped him enroll (注册) at Bowie State University. Rehan earned a 4. 0 grade point average and was able to transfer to the University of Maryland. But Rehan’s struggles still weren’t over. During his junior year at the University of Maryland, his father suffered a stroke (中风). Instead of dropping out of school, Rehan returned to Bates Trucking & Trash Removal in order to save his father. He got up each day at 3 am to work before class and doubled his learning plans. Finally, he graduated with good grades. Moreover, he began applying to Harvard Law School and made it. With a sick father, a younger brother, a hard job, and a little time to learn, Rehan just had his own painful story to stand on. “Yes, Rehan has a quick mind, but what makes his achievement even more admirable is his courageous journey to this moment,” said his professor. 1. What does the author mean by saying “hungry for more” in Paragraph 2? A. Rehan was pained due to the lack of food. B. Rehan wanted to get along well with his father. C. Sufferings made Rehan more determined to fight. D. Unlucky experience taught Rehan to take things easy. 2. Why did Rehan go into sports? A. He wished to change his life. B. He found his talent for sports. C. He wanted to improve his mood. D. He tried to develop new hobbies. 3. What happened after Rehan went to work? A. His father’s health gradually improved. B. He was refused by Bowie State University. C. He could continue his study with others’ help. D. His co-workers found the job difficult for him. 4. Which of the following can best describe Rehan’s days in college? A. Colourful but busy. B. Fresh and relaxing. C. Adventurous and funny. D. Challenging but rewarding. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公Rehan克服家庭困难，通过努力进入哈佛法学院的故事。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Rehan lived through years of family struggles, poverty, and unfairness. He saw his father do several jobs to raise his brother and him with little rest and food. Rehan admitted he was pained and “hungry for more”. Life taught him the value of hard work and self-improvement at a very young age.( Rehan经历了多年的家庭斗争、贫困和不公平。他看到他的父亲做几份工作来抚养他和他的兄弟，几乎没有休息和食物。Rehan承认他很痛苦，“渴望得到更多”。在他很小的时候，生活就教会了他努力工作和自我完善的价值)”可知，Rehan经历了家庭的挣扎、贫困和不公，生活的苦难让他意识到努力工作和自我提升的价值，所以“hungry for more”意思是苦难让他更有决心去奋斗。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“His father told him to learn to relax by exercising. With a different purpose, he channeled his energy into sports, which he hoped would become his way out of a poor life.( 他父亲告诉他要学会通过锻炼来放松。带着不同的目的，他把自己的精力投入到体育运动中，他希望这能成为他摆脱贫困生活的途径)”可知，Rehan从事体育运动是希望这能成为他摆脱贫困生活的途径，即他希望通过运动改变自己的人生。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“His co-workers spoke highly of him and tried to persuade him to go back to school. One of the company owners even helped him enroll (注册) at Bowie State University. Rehan earned a 4. 0 grade point average and was able to transfer to the University of Maryland.( 他的同事对他评价很高，并劝他回学校去。公司的一位老板甚至帮助他进入了鲍伊州立大学。Rehan的平均成绩为4.0分，并且能够转学到马里兰大学)” 可知，Rehan工作后，他的同事高度评价他并劝他回学校，公司的一位老板甚至帮他在鲍伊州立大学注册，他后来取得了好成绩并转学到了马里兰大学，所以他在别人的帮助下能够继续他的学业。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“During his junior year at the University of Maryland, his father suffered a stroke (中风) . Instead of dropping out of school, Rehan returned to Bates Trucking & Trash Removal in order to save his father. He got up each day at 3 am to work before class and doubled his learning plans. Finally, he graduated with good grades. Moreover, he began applying to Harvard Law School and made it.( 他在马里兰大学读大三的时候，父亲中风了。为了救他的父亲，Rehan没有辍学，而是回到了Bates Trucking & Trash Removal公司。他每天凌晨3点起床，课前工作，把学习计划翻倍。最后，他以优异的成绩毕业了。此外，他开始申请哈佛法学院，并成功了)”可知，在大学里，Rehan面临着父亲中风的困境，他要工作还要学习，每天凌晨3点起床工作然后去上课，学习计划加倍，这说明他的大学生活充满挑战；但最后他以好成绩毕业，还被哈佛大学法学院录取，这又是很有回报的。故选D项。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏海安高中·期中） Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome (DS) were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. Born in Rosebank, Ms. Russo was the eldest child of Dorothy and Louis Russo, who moved to Grasmere during the early 1950s. Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome. In 1972, she started Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. The program included kindergarten and graded elementary classes, as well as reading classes, a wood shop, day trips and a sleep away camp. Early on there weren’t too many programs for children with disabilities and they didn’t start school until they were 3 years old. Ms. Russo felt they were being cheated out of an education during the years that are the most developmental. Throughout the years, she applied to city and state officials for better programs for Down Syndrome children. Over the years she helped place a number of Down Syndrome children, including 11 from Willowbrook, in adoptive or foster families. She stressed parents shouldn’t be influenced by negative labels schools and medical professionals used in describing children’s abilities. “Professionals always tell you what they (DS children) cannot do,” she once said. “Keep them stimulated. You treat them more towards the normal, not the exception, and you will get more out of your child.” 1. What left children with Down Syndrome overlooked according to Ms. Russo? A. Their abilities. B. Their physical appearances. C. Their movements. D. Their disappointed parents. 2. What made Ms. Russo start Down Syndrome Learning Center? A. The internal calling to help. B. The availability of enough money. C. The repeated requests of parents. D. The growing number of DS children. 3. What does Ms. Russo want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Society needs to change the attitude towards DS children. B. Professionals often underestimate the DS children’s abilities. C. Parents should have faith in their children’s potential to encourage growth. D. Parents should accept their children’s limitations and provide special treatment. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A. Teri Russo devoted her life to fighting for DS children. B. A devoted nurse tried her best to explore Down Syndrome. C. Programs Teri Russo successfully started helped DS children. D. DS children face more challenges than normal people expect. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了（Teri Russo一生致力于为唐氏综合征儿童争取权益，创办学习中心并努力改善他们的生活和教育环境）。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome (DS) were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. (她是一位“杰出女性”，一生都在为“上帝的孩子们”而奋斗，她认为唐氏综合征儿童（DS 儿童）常常因为外貌而受到恶劣对待和忽视。)”可知，Russo女士认为唐氏综合征儿童因为外表而受到忽视。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome (DS) were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. (Teri Russo为唐氏综合征患者提供食物、住所和衣物，她于82岁时离世。她是一位“杰出女性”，一生都在为“上帝的孩子们”而奋斗，她认为唐氏综合征儿童（DS 儿童）常常因为外貌而受到恶劣对待和忽视。鲁索女士将自己的一生都奉献给了残疾且被遗弃的孩子们。她的座右铭是：心中充满爱，脸上带着微笑，充实地过好每一天，并且永远不要伤害任何人。)”、第三段中“In 1972, she started Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. (1972年，她在Tottenville创办了唐氏综合征学习中心，但后来由于资金短缺，她将学校搬到了自己家中。)”可知，她创办学习中心是出于帮助这些孩子的内在呼唤。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She stressed parents shouldn’t be influenced by negative labels schools and medical professionals used in describing children’s abilities. (她强调，父母不应该受到学校和医学专业人士在描述孩子能力时使用的负面标签的影响。)”以及“Keep them stimulated. You treat them more towards the normal, not the exception, and you will get more out of your child. (让他们保持活跃。你把他们当作正常人对待，而不是例外，你会从你的孩子身上得到更多。)”可知，Russo女士想传达的是父母应该相信孩子的潜力，鼓励他们成长。故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome (DS) were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. (Teri Russo为唐氏综合征患者提供食物、住所和衣物，她于82岁时离世。她是一位“杰出女性”，一生都在为“上帝的孩子们”而奋斗，她认为唐氏综合征儿童（DS 儿童）常常因为外貌而受到恶劣对待和忽视。鲁索女士将自己的一生都奉献给了残疾且被遗弃的孩子们。她的座右铭是：心中充满爱，脸上带着微笑，充实地过好每一天，并且永远不要伤害任何人。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Teri Russo为唐氏综合征儿童奉献了一生。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏如皋·期中） Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he found an appreciation of music, and from his mother an love of learning and the beauty of the countryside about his home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural (建筑学的) drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871. to public disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. After Under the Greenwood Tree came A Pair of Blue Eyes. Once more Hardy drew on real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic (田园诗般)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure (1895), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy (争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focus on poetry for the rest of his life. 1. What do we know about Hardy? A. His writing started with poems. B. His wife Emma shared his interest. C. He was into drawing as a young man. D. He got fame at the first attempt of writing 2. What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 3? A. Removed. B. Included. C. Changed. D. Ignored. 3. After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A. Jude the Obscure. B. A Pair of Blue Eyes. C. Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D. Far from the Madding Crowd. 4. What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A. Campus life. B. Marriage life. C. Life in London. D. Life in the countryside. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英国作家托马斯·哈代的生平经历以及他的文学作品。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. (后来他搬到伦敦，开始写诗，但他的作品没有被出版商接受)”可知，哈代一开始是写诗的，只是他的诗作没有被出版商接受，由此可知哈代的写作是从写诗开始的。故选A。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. (和大多数他的小说作品一样，这部小说incorporated多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如哈代上过的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆)”可知，哈代的这部小说里包含了一些多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如他曾就读的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆，由此可推测“incorporated”意思是“包含”，与“Included”意思相近。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. (哈代随后创作了《远离尘嚣》，故事背景设定在他的出生地附近的普德莱顿。这部小说终于给哈代带来了成功，使他能够放弃建筑实践，只专注于写作)”可知，在《远离尘嚣》这部小说之后，哈代完全投身于写作。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. (和大多数他的小说作品一样，这部小说包含多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如哈代上过的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆)”、第五段中“It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. (正是在斯特敏斯特牛顿，他写下了《还乡》，这是他最持久的作品之一)”、第六段中“In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. (1887年，哈代出版了《林地居民》，讲述了一个小村庄里一个诚实的伐木工人的故事。1891年，他最好的作品之一《德伯家的苔丝》出版，故事主要发生在19世纪的英国乡村)”可知，哈代的很多小说都是以乡村生活为背景的，由此可推测他大多数小说的共同元素是乡村生活。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·四川遂宁·期中） Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old Chinese woman, was the first Chinese female scientist who was awarded a Nobel Prize for her work on 7 December, 2015. Her discovery of artemisinin (青蒿素) has led to the development of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions. Tu Youyou was born in Zhejiang, China, on 30 December, 1930. She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Centre. After graduation, she became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices. In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria — a disease that killed millions of people every year. Across the world, scientists had been trying to find a cure. They tested more than 240,000 chemicals with no success. However, Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret. She studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine. She researched hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures. Then Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one. This was not an easy task because the team had limited resources. However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical. Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success. The medicine they discovered, artemisinin, has now become the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria (疟疾). Tu’s work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives. She was noted for her bravery and her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals. Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite her age. 1. How did Tu Youyou obtain a deep knowledge about traditional practices? A. By reading ancient Chinese medical literature. B. By studying at Peking University Health Science Centre. C. By learning from experts in the field of Chinese medicine. D. By working in China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. 2. Why was it difficult for Tu Youyou and her team to find a cure for malaria? A. They didn’t have enough resources. B. They weren’t good at doing experiments. C. They could not find human subjects. D. They could not find a promising chemical. 3. What’s the underlined word “noted” mean? A. marked B. recorded C. attentive D. famous 4. Which of the following can best describe Tu Youyou? A. Independent and brave. B. Patient and confident. C. Outgoing and knowledgeable. D. Devoted and determined. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了屠呦呦及其团队攻克疟疾，发现青蒿素的过程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.”（后来，她跟随该领域的专家学习了两年半的中医，对传统医疗实践有了深入的了解。）可知，屠呦呦通过跟随中医领域的专家学习，从而对传统医疗实践有了深入的了解。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“This was not an easy task because the team had limited resources.”（这不是一项容易的任务，因为团队的资源有限。）可知，屠呦呦的团队很难找到治疗疟疾的方法是因为他们没有足够的资源。故选A项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“She was noted for her bravery and her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals.”（她以勇敢和运用旧智慧和新方法实现目标的能力而noted。）并结合屠呦呦的医学贡献可知，她勇于尝试的精神，融合旧智慧和新方法最终实现目标，攻克疟疾的能力是有目共睹的，故推知noted应表示“出名的”。故选D项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“She researched hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures. Then Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one.”（她研究了数百种与抗疟疾疗法有关的传统配方。然后屠呦呦和她的团队开始用现代研究方法逐一研究这些中草药。）及第四段第二句“However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical.”（然而，经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终发现了一种很有前景的化学物质。）及最后一段最后一句“Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite her age.”（如今，屠呦呦尽管年事已高，仍在继续从事科研工作。）可知，屠呦呦为了帮助人类治疗疟疾进行了无数的研究与失败，但她从未放弃，最终得以攻克疟疾，现在仍在为科研事业奉献自身。说明她拥有坚强的意志力和献身精神。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江西上饶中学·期中） Growing up in rural Jiangsu Province, Yu Jigao showed a strong interest in fine arts at an early age and studied on his own for years. His hard work paid off later. In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists. It was then that Yu found his lifelong artistic zeal for gongbi. Gongbi paintings usually describe birds and flowers, symbols of beauty and joy, in an artistic way with intense color. After graduation from the art school in 1957, Yu began his professional career at the Chinese Painting Institute of Jiangsu. He has since published a series of art collections. Since 1959, Yu has contributed a series of works to many important sites. Yu’s works have also been displayed in a range of national and international exhibitions. From 1986 to 1997, he held his exhibitions in such places as Beijing, Guangzhou and New York. Both the themes and artistic techniques have won widespread praise in the past years. While observing traditional rules, he uses accurate lines, powerful brush movements as well as the interplay between dark and light to represent the harmony of nature. Though he adopts a realistic style, he tries to enrich his works with spiritual beauty through his brush. Yu says, “That feeling turns into the images of singing birds and elegant flowers in my paintings.” Thanks to his careful observation of nature and artistic sensitivity, Yu is able to combine realistic description with artistic expression in his brushwork. Now as deputy director of the Academy of Chinese Gongbi Painting of Flowers and Birds and a national top-level artist, Yu maintains a simple and easy-going style. In addition to artistic creation, Yu has devoted himself to promoting his painting style as the cultural heritage of China. “Art is part of my life,” Yu says. “I am proud to be a flower-bird painter. I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts.” 1. What does the underlined word “zeal” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Request. B. Passion. C. Justice. D. Fund. 2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Yu? A. His school life. B. His painting techniques. C. His achievements in painting. D. His contributions to the art school. 3. Which is Yu’s painting feature? A. Adopting abstract objects. B. Excluding plants and animals. C. Combining traditional rules with a realistic style. D. Representing the imbalance between nature and humans. 4. What does Yu expect of his painting style? A. It will be passed on. B. It will change over time. C. It will look more complicated. D. It will reach the top international level. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了国画大师喻继高。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists. It was then that Yu found(20世纪50年代初，他来到南京师范大学，在那里他从一些著名艺术家那里学习绘画理论和技巧。就在那时)”的语境和强调句型可知，此处是指就在学习绘画理论和技巧时，喻继高发现了他对工笔画一生的艺术热情。故推测，zeal意为“热情”。A. Request. 要求；B. Passion. 热情；C. Justice. 正义；D. Fund.资金。故选B。 【2题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“After graduation from the art school in 1957, Yu began his professional career at the Chinese Painting Institute of Jiangsu. He has since published a series of art collections. Since 1959, Yu has contributed a series of works to many important sites. Yu’s works have also been displayed in a range of national and international exhibitions. From 1986 to 1997, he held his exhibitions in such places as Beijing, Guangzhou and New York. Both the themes and artistic techniques have won widespread praise in the past years.(1957年从艺术学校毕业后，喻在江苏中国画学院开始了他的职业生涯。此后，他出版了一系列艺术作品集。自1959年以来，喻为许多重要遗址贡献了一系列作品。喻的作品也在一系列国家和国际展览中展出。从1986年到1997年，他在北京、广州和纽约等地举办了展览。在过去的几年里，无论是主题还是艺术技巧都赢得了广泛的赞誉)”可知，本段主要讲述了喻在绘画方面的艺术成就。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“While observing traditional rules, he uses accurate lines, powerful brush movements as well as the interplay between dark and light to represent the harmony of nature. Though he adopts a realistic style, he tries to enrich his works with spiritual beauty through his brush.(在遵守传统规则的同时，他使用精确的线条、有力的笔刷动作以及黑暗和光明之间的相互作用来代表自然的和谐。虽然他采用了现实主义的风格，但他试图通过笔触来丰富自己的作品，使之具有精神美)”可知，喻的绘画风格结合了传统的规则和现实主义风格。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“In addition to artistic creation, Yu has devoted himself to promoting his painting style as the cultural heritage of China. “Art is part of my life,” Yu says. “I am proud to be a flower-bird painter. I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts.”(除了艺术创作之外，喻还致力于将他的绘画风格作为中国的文化遗产加以推广。喻说：“艺术是我生活的一部分。”。“作为一名花鸟画家，我感到很自豪。我希望通过我的努力，为它创造一个美好的未来。”)”推知，喻希望他的绘画风格被传承下去。故选A。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·四川眉山东坡区·期中） When my daughter was seven years old, she came home from soccer practice clearly downhearted. When asked, she told me what a teammate said: her teeth were too yellow. My heart broke for her. As parents, we try to keep our children safe, but we can’t always be there to protect our kids from unkind words. I tried to comfort my daughter. I told her that she has a beautiful smile with nice, strong, healthy teeth. I explained why she shouldn’t let someone else’s criticisms define her. On the inside, though, I worried. From my youth, I’ve struggled with the concept that my self-worth was directly related to my physical appearance. When I became a mom, I was terrified that this concept would take root in my daughter. I wanted to protect her little ears from unkind words that might influence her idea of self-worth. I wanted to shield her little eyes from unrealistic beauty standards promoted by magazines, television, and movies. I wanted to guard her little heart from being broken by the idea that she didn’t live up to the standards in some way. On social media, the battle became exceptionally greater. Every day we are bombarded (轰炸) with people living their “best life”, all told through filters (过滤器) which only highlight the “best” parts: best angles, best locations, best outfits, and best hair. Rarely do we get a glimpse of reality. On social media, outer beauty controls everything. How, then, can we teach our kids that they are much more than their appearance? We can start by modeling kindness, empathy, and self-acceptance in our own lives. Kids are incredible mimics (模仿者), so be mindful of what you say, even when you think your kids aren’t listening. If we are constantly putting ourselves down, our kids will follow suit. Instead, adopt a positive attitude when it comes to your own self-worth. Additionally, try to teach your children to see the inner beauty in themselves and in others. There’s beauty in strength, goodness, gentleness, perseverance, and kindness. Praise kids for their acts of kindness, like sharing with a friend or helping a family member without being asked, and talk to them about how it makes them feel. 1. How did the author react to her daughter’s trouble? A. Thrilled. B. Apologetic. C. Sorrowful. D. Curious. 2. What does the underlined word shield probably mean in paragraph 2? A. Cure. B. Fix. C. Broaden. D. Protect. 3. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Everything in social media is not true. B. Social media reflects an unrealistic world. C. People like to share their privacy in social media. D. People attach more importance to their physical appearance. 4. What should parents do to their kids? A. Tell them to behave themselves. B. Praise their kids for their appearance. C. Set a positive example for their kids. D. Encourage their kids to ignore the outer beauty. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章通过女儿被队友的话语伤害这件事儿引发了对于孩子自我价值教育的思考。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When asked, she told me what a teammate said: her teeth were too yellow. My heart broke for her.(当我问她时，她告诉我，一个队友说她牙齿黄。我为她感到心碎。)”可知，作者在听到女儿的苦恼后，作者心碎了，故作者是伤心的，故选C。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词shield前文内容“I wanted to protect her little ears from unkind words that might influence her idea of self-worth.(我想要保护她的耳朵，不去听到那些可能会影响她的自我价值的那些不友好的话语。)”可推知，此处划线词所在的句子与前文构成排比，故此处的划线词shield与前文内容中的protect意思相近，意为“保护她的眼镜不看到那些杂志、电视和电影呈现的不真实的美”，故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“On social media, the battle became exceptionally greater. Every day we are bombarded (轰炸) with people living their “best life”, all told through filters (过滤器) which only highlight the “best” parts: best angles, best locations, best outfits, and best hair. Rarely do we get a glimpse of reality.(在社交媒体上，这场战斗变得异常激烈。每天我们都那些被人们过着‘最好的生活’所轰炸，所有都是过滤后只突出‘最好’的那部分：最佳角度、最佳位置、最佳服装和最佳发型。我们很少能看到现实。)”可推知，媒体上呈现的都是过滤后的“最好”的东西，我们很少能看到现实的东西，故媒体上的东西并非都是现实的，故选A。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Kids are incredible mimics (模仿者), so be mindful of what you say, even when you think your kids aren’t listening. If we are constantly putting ourselves down, our kids will follow suit. Instead, adopt a positive attitude when it comes to your own self-worth. Additionally, try to teach your children to see the inner beauty in themselves and in others.(孩子是令人难以置信的模仿者，因此要注意你的言语，即使当你在孩子没有在听的时候。如果我们不断地贬低自己，我们的孩子也会效仿。相反，当谈到自我价值时，要采取积极的态度。而且，努力教会你的孩子看到自己和他人的内在美。)”可知，孩子是一个模仿者，因此当谈到自我价值时，我们要积极面对，孩子才能效仿我们，也同样积极面对，因此我们应给孩子树立一个正确的榜样，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·湖南衡阳四中·期中） A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809 and 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the questions correctly. The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called the “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems.  From watching Stevenson, I knew that acquiring a skill at the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads (珠子), so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear. My normal solution was escape, and if I had to calculate something, I would go online.    Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those math problems that once confused her, while my older child took her abacus to school to show it to her classmates and teachers. These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally developed confidence. 1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To prove the difficulty of math. B. To introduce the topic of the abacus. C. To show the cleverness of Stevenson. D. To stress the importance of abacus learning. 2. What do we know about the author from Paragraph 3? A. He was weak in math. B. He was good at computers. C. He regarded math as useful. D. He had a close relationship with kids. 3. What did the author realize from his learning experience? A. All roads lead to Rome. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Faith can move mountains. D. Practice makes perfect. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Secret to My Success B. A Rough Ride — Learning Math C. The Power of Learning the Abacus D. The Abacus — an Ancient Technology 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿通过学习算盘提升数学技能并增强自信的经历。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809 and 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the questions correctly. (几年前，我站在纽约市郊外的一间小教室里，看着一个名叫Serena Stevenson的高中生回答数学问题。老师念出一串数字——74,470、70,809和98,402——史蒂文森在脑海中将这些数字相加。对于每个问题，她都会闭上眼睛，然后右手的手指开始动起来。她大部分问题都答对了。)”和第二段“The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called the “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems. (她成功的关键是一种古老的技术——算盘。史蒂文森采用了一种名为‘珠心算’的练习方法，即在脑海中想象算盘，然后用手指来解决问题。)”可知，第一段的主要目的是引入算盘这一话题。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear. (我是那些对数学有疑问的人之一，我感到一丝恐惧。)”可知，作者数学不好。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. (然而，在上了几节算盘课并进行了大量练习之后，数学似乎不再那么可怕了。我并没有成为几何学的创始人Euclid，但这种练习减轻了我的恐惧。据一项研究显示，在算盘上练习能很容易地增强自信，算盘学生对即将到来的数学考试也不太可能感到紧张。部分原因似乎是练习和成果是相辅相成的。)”可知，作者从自己的学习经历中意识到熟能生巧。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由第四段“Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. (然而，在上了几节算盘课并进行了大量练习之后，数学似乎不再那么可怕了。我并没有成为几何学的创始人Euclid，但这种练习减轻了我的恐惧。据一项研究显示，在算盘上练习能很容易地增强自信，算盘学生对即将到来的数学考试也不太可能感到紧张。部分原因似乎是练习和成果是相辅相成的。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和女儿通过学习算盘提升数学技能并增强自信的经历，强调了学习算盘的力量。选项C“The Power of Learning the Abacus (学习珠算的力量)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东济宁育才中学·期中） Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels. He spent hours meeting with clients(客户), but he dreamed of being a novelist instead. I remember thinking: Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn’t? A decade later, however, I was surprised to see the same person on TV, holding up his new book. James Patterson had developed into a best-selling author. He has since published more than 100 New York Times best sellers. “I never thought of myself as an advertising person,” he told me when I asked how he’d done it. “I always planned to be a writer.” Mr. Patterson’s ability to sec himself as a writer shows a term(术语) “possible selves.” It describes how people envision their futures: what they may become, or want to become, etc. The term, created in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius, grew out of research on self-concept and self-perception(自我知觉).While self-concepts, like “I am a kind person” or “I am a good parent”, are based on the present, the researchers found that people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change. These possible selves,both positive and negative,are closely related to motivation (动机).In a small study, when young adults were made to envision themselves as either regular exercisers (hoped-for selves) or inactive (feared selves),both groups exercised more in the weeks afterward. But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future. A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, “if you build a bridge from your ‘now’ self to the possible self,” Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge? 1. What was the author’s attitude towards James Patterson’s dream at first? A. Doubtful. B. Curious. C. Worried. D. Disappointed. 2. What does the underlined word “envision” mean in the fourth paragraph? A. Face. B. Imagine. C. Make. D. Determine. 3. What can we learn about “possible self” from paragraphs 5 and 6? A. It is a necessity for a better future. B. It refers to a person’s present behaviors. C. Negative possible selves cannot inspire people. D. Imagining positive possible selves can promote one’s health. 4. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs? A. How a possible self can be of help. B. How to connect “now” self and possible self. C. What could be done to change one’s possible self. D. What motivation is needed to have a positive self. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经采访一个广告经理，这位经理说自己想成为作家，多年后，这位经理真的梦想成真。作者由此了解了一个专业术语“可能的自我”，每个人都会受到可能的自我的影响。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I remember thinking: Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn’t?(我记得我当时想:当然，每个人都梦想成为小说家。谁不？)”可推断，作者最初听到这位广告经理的梦想时感到怀疑。故选A。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“what they may become, or want to become, etc.(他们可能成为什么，或者想成为什么，等等。)”可知，下文是人们对自己未来的畅想。选项A“Face (面对)”；选项B“Imagine (想象)”；选项C“Make (制作)”；选项D“Determine (决定)”。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段“But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future.(但研究人员发现，想象积极可能的自我可以通过对更美好的未来抱有希望来改善健康和减少抑郁。)”可知，想象积极的可能的自我对我们的健康有好处。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, “if you build a bridge from your ‘now’ self to the possible self,” Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge?(“如果你在‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间架起一座桥梁，” Markus博士说，“一个可能的自我可以帮助你实现白日梦，而这些白日梦似乎是不现实的。”但我们要如何搭建那座桥呢？)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如果在‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间架起一座桥梁，一个可能的自我可以帮助我们实现白日梦。再根据最后一句“But how do we build that bridge?”可知，接下来文章将会介绍如何建立‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间的一座桥梁。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江苏江阴六校·期中） My father wanted to go to Alaska, but he couldn’t go alone. He had been stationed there while in the army, and now, so many years later, he wanted to go back, this time for pleasure. But an illness in that same army led to the final loss of his hearing, and now his near deafness made traveling alone impossible. My mother didn’t like to camp. So he turned to me — a lover of the outdoors who looked forward to adventures. We planned to leave immediately following my college graduation that June. There was just one problem. I got a job. My new employer wanted me to report to work immediately and I promised to show up on time, mentally canceling the trip to Alaska. Taking the job was logical. It didn’t make sense to go to college for four years, and then turn down the very career opportunity I’d been looking for. At least it seemed not to ... until I saw the look on my father’s face when I informed him of the news. Without another word, I called my new boss and explained the situation. If he couldn’t hold the position for me for the three weeks when I’d be traveling, then he’d simply have to give it to somebody else. I knew he wouldn’t have any difficulty with the latter choice — career opportunities in the field of forestry at that time were few and far between, and there were many more job applicants than positions available to them. It turned out to be the right decision. At first, I was homesick and felt upset about having to put my own plans aside to meet my father’s. Thankfully my moodiness didn’t last long. It was impossible to resist (抵挡) the beauty surrounding me, the adventures awaiting me, and my father’s love enveloping me. After we returned, I was so excited to know that my employer did hold my position open for me, and I worked for that company for eight wonderful years. When I chose to honor my father’s wishes above my own, I truly got the best of both worlds. 1. What can we learn about the author’s father in paragraph 1? A. He had poor hearing. B. He led an adventurous life. C. He had never traveled alone. D. He didn’t get on with his wife. 2. What problem did the author have? A. He failed to make a career choice. B. He couldn’t impress his new employer. C. His travel plan conflicted with his job. D. His father couldn’t attend his graduation ceremony. 3. How did the author feel at the beginning of the trip? A. Embarrassed. B. Nervous. C. Unhappy. D. Unlucky. 4. Which of the following words can best describe the new employer? A. Creative. B. Moody. C. Strict. D. Considerate. 5. How does the author feel about his decision to travel with his father in the end? A. Regretful and angry. B. Confused and helpless. C. Satisfied and thankful. D. Indifferent and neutral. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者父亲因想重返曾服役的阿拉斯加，而作者因工作机会与旅行计划冲突，最终作者选择推迟工作陪伴父亲旅行的故事，以及旅行后的感悟。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But an illness in that same army led to the final loss of his hearing, and now his near deafness made traveling alone impossible. (但在同一支部队中患的一场病导致他最终失聪，现在他几乎耳聋，无法独自旅行)”可知，作者的父亲听力很差。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“There was just one problem. I got a job. My new employer wanted me to report to work immediately and I promised to show up on time, mentally canceling the trip to Alaska. (只有一个问题。我找到了一份工作。我的新雇主希望我立即去上班，我答应会准时到岗，心里取消了去阿拉斯加的旅行)”可知，作者的旅行计划和工作产生了冲突。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“At first, I was homesick and felt upset about having to put my own plans aside to meet my father’s. (起初，我很想家，因为不得不把自己的计划放在一边去满足父亲的愿望而感到难过)”可知，旅行开始时作者心里不高兴。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“After we returned, I was so excited to know that my employer did hold my position open for me. (我们回来后，我很兴奋地得知我的雇主确实为我保留了职位)”，可知雇主为作者保留了职位，说明雇主是体贴、考虑周到的。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It turned out to be the right decision. (结果证明这是个正确的决定)”以及第五段“I worked for that company for eight wonderful years. When I chose to honor my father’s wishes above my own, I truly got the best of both worlds. (我在那家公司工作了美好的八年。当我选择尊重父亲的愿望而不是自己的时，我真正两全其美了)”可知，作者对陪父亲旅行的决定最终是满意且感恩的。故选C项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 记叙文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·广东化州·期中） We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn’t even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open in surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, “Very dirty floors.” “Yes, I’m glad they’ve finally decided to clean them,” the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, “But aren’t you working late?” Mum just pushed harder, each swipe (拖一下) of the mop taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book. After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, “Thank you.” Outside, Mum told me, “Dagmar is fine. No fever.” “You saw her, Mum?” “Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. It’s a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush.” 1. When she took a mop from the small room, what Mum really wanted to do was _______. A. to clean the floor B. to please the nurse C. to see a patient D. to surprise the story-teller 2. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a_______. A. nurse B. visitor C. patient D. cleaner 3. What can be inferred about the hospital? A. It is a children’s hospital. B. It has strict rules about visiting hours. C. The conditions there aren’t very good. D. The nurses and doctors there don’t work hard. 4. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely _______. A. the story-teller’s sister B. Mum’s friend C. the story-teller’s classmate D. Dad’s boss Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·河北宁晋二中·期中） 2, 000 years ago, the most powerful army in the world belonged to the Romans. They conquered (占领) almost all of Europe, and parts of Asia and Africa. Life in the army was hard. And many of the soldiers long for the comforts of home. They wanted to get married and set up families. The emperor, whose name was Claudius, grew worried that his army was growing soft. So he made a law that no soldier was allowed to get married. By that time, many of the Romans were Christians. And one of their leaders was a bishop (主教), called Valentine. He believed that if a man and a woman fell in love with each other, they should get married. And so he decided to let soldiers get married in his church, even though it was against the law. The soldiers’ weddings were meant to be kept secret. But as you know, all secrets are hard to keep. And soon the word got out. Valentine was arrested (逮捕) and brought before the emperor who demanded that he stop helping soldiers to marry. When he refused, the emperor pronounced (宣判) him to death. While Valentine was in prison, the jailer’s daughter used to bring him food. She was a young blind woman. She and Valentine used to spend long hours talking to each other. And soon they fell in love. One day, Valentine put his hand through the bars of the cell and touched the lids of her closed eyes. When she opened them again, she could see. It was a miracle (奇迹). The love story didn’t continue. Unfortunately, Valentine’s execution (死刑) was set for February 14th. This took place in the year 270. And ever since, people have observed the day of February14th called Valentine’s Day, in honour of this brave bishop. 1. Why were the soldiers forbidden (禁止) to get married? A. The soldiers had no spare time to consider this. B. The soldiers who got married would become soft. C. The soldiers were not interested in marriage. D. The emperor stopped them getting married. 2. Which of the following could Valentine agree with? A. Soldiers shouldn’t get married in his church. B. Two people who love each other should get married. C. Soldiers shouldn’t get married secretly. D. It is against social custom for soldiers to get married. 3. Why does Valentine’s Day fall on February 14th? A. People used to get married on that day. B. A bishop cured his beloved girl on that day. C. Valentine’s birthday was on February 14th. D. A bishop called Valentine was sentenced to death on the day. 4. In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the text? A. Geography. B. Travelling. C. Festival. D. Life. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·福建莆田锦江中学·期中） Nicholas Sparks is an American novelist known for his best-selling tales of romance (浪漫) and heartbreak. Sparks grew up mainly in north-central California, where his family moved when he was eight. He attended the University of Notre Dame on a track scholarship, but an injury ended his athletic career and led him to write his first unpublished novel. In 1988, he graduated with a major in business and held a variety of jobs. In the early 1990s, he and his wife, Cathy Cote, settled in North Carolina, which later provided a setting for his novels. While working his day job, Sparks continued to write. He cooperated with former Olympic runner Billy Mills on Wokini: A Lakota Journey to Happiness and Self-Understanding. The book, which was inspired by a Native American legend, was published in 1990. Determined to become a professional writer, Sparks spent several months working on The Notebook, his first published novel, which hit The New York Times best-seller list immediately after it reached the public in 1996. By the time the film adaptation (改编) was released in 2004, Sparks had published seven more novels. Although Sparks’s fiction usually involves love stories, he rejects the suggestion that he is a “romance novelist”. His supporters agree that Sparks explores more-serious subject matter, such as loneliness, sadness, and loss, and that many of his books feature less-than-happy endings. That is also evident in his only nonfiction work, Three Weeks with My Brother, in which he and his brother, Micah, share their own emotional responses to the deaths of their parents and sister. Sparks has devoted much of his time and literary profits to writing programs at Notre Dame and to charitable causes, most notably the Nicholas Sparks Foundation, which he and his wife established in 2011. 1. What led Sparks to write his first novel? A. A scholarship. B. His marriage. C. An accident. D. His major. 2. What do we know about The Notebook? A. It arrived in cinemas in 2004. B. It was written by two authors. C. It became a hit due to a report. D. It was Sparks’ nonfiction work. 3. Why isn’t Sparks a romance novelist? A. His stories have nothing to do with love. B. He prefers to record real events in lives. C. His books never end with happiness. D. He pays attention to various themes. 4. Which words can best describe Sparks? A. Lucky and careful. B. Tough and caring. C. Honest and brave. D. Tolerant and calm. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·四川遂宁·期中） The Jones-Baldwin family wasn’t always so big. When Keia Jones married her husband Richardo Baldwin in 2010, she had just one child: a 2-year-old daughter, Zariyah from a previous relationship. Little did they know, though, that their family would eventually add not one, not two, but three more children to the Jones-Baldwin family, thanks to the gift of adoption. First came 11-year-old Karleigh, in 2014. She and Zariyah became close friends at school, but due to some financial difficulties, Keia says Karleigh’s mother fell on hard times and was unable to properly care for her. In 2017, the couple adopted a lovely 3-year-old named Ayden. That same year, their fourth child came into their lives unexpectedly. “Unlike our three other black kids, the baby, named Princeton, is white,” Keia recalls. Princeton was born seriously ill and stayed in hospital several weeks after his birth. “They needed someone to do skin-to-skin with him,” says Keia, “and chose me for the task, and I was more than willing to take on the job.” The experience of being black parents raising a white son has certainly caused them some trouble. There are always lots of suspicious stares and unfavorable comments wherever they go. Someone even called the police and said the baby was stolen by the couple. Once the family were enjoying themselves on the beach in Florida when the police were called in. It was not until Keia showed the police their ID cards that they were convinced that the baby was indeed their adopted son. When asked why they would make so much effort to adopt the kids, Keia smiled. “It’s all love,” she said.“Both my husband and I love kids. We just can’t stand seeing kids suffering. Thank goodness, the lovely kids, who are from different cultures and of different ages, are all growing up healthily and happily under the same roof. Over the years, they have brought us so much joy! Our hearts are so full and so grateful.” 1. How many people are there in the family? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven. 2. Why was Karleigh adopted? A. She was deserted by her parents. B. She was Zariyah’s close friend. C. Her mother failed to raise her well. D. She needed someone to do skin-to-skin with her. 3. What is some people’s attitude to the couple raising Princeton? A. Indifferent. B. Sympathetic. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Keia will make every effort to adopt more kid. B. Adopting the kids is a win-win situation. C. The kids adopted were from the same family. D. The kids have brought much money for the couple. Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·山东宁阳复圣中学·期中） Emma Chen, from the United States, works as a volunteer in Hangzhou’s Liangzhu Museum, Zhejiang province. The museum was built in 2005 and shows the archaeological findings from the Liangzhu ruins. What has caught Chen’s attention the most is a ring-footed black pottery jar (陶罐) that has 12 symbols. Some experts feel it tells a story. “It says that a man caught a tiger with a net,” Chen said. “There are many different explanations, but they were probably depicting specific activities or events, carving on a jar what had happened earlier that day, the way people these days post moments on WeChat,” she said. Chen’s deep knowledge of museums is impressive, and her love connects people across the ages. She has a special gift for making ancient history come alive and attracting visitors. Her love for Chinese history happened before she was majoring in Oriental (东方的) studies. She learned Chinese during her college days in the US, and the interest finally drove her across the Pacific Ocean. Coming to China in early 2015 after graduating, she became a member of the museum’s volunteer team in 2022. Chen said her repeated visits to the museum led to them making an offer. “I remembered a worker coming up to me and asking if I wanted to do the job. I had always wanted to do it, so I agreed immediately,” she said. “I just happened to be at the right place at the right time.” Chen has visited many museums in China, such as the Yinxu Museum in Henan province and the Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan province. But in her eyes, Liangzhu Museum is an invaluable treasure that cannot be taken the place of because she believes every word that is written on a wall in the hall of the museum, that “Liangzhu is the most specific testimony (证明) of 5,000 years of Chinese civilization”. In 2019, the Liangzhu ruins made it to the UNESCO World Heritage List. 1. What does the underlined word “depicting” mean in paragraph 2? A. Describing. B. Carving. C. Painting. D. Acting. 2. How did Chen’s love for Chinese history influence her life? A. It made her change her major in college. B. It helped her become a professional archaeologist. C. It encouraged her to learn Chinese and finally move to China. D. It led her to work at the Liangzhu Museum at once after graduation. 3. What makes the Liangzhu Museum special to Chen? A. Its size in China. B. Its historical (历史的) value. C. Its modern design. D. Its large collections. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The Liangzhu Museum in Hangzhou. B. Different kinds of museums in China. C. An American volunteer’s determination. D. An American volunteer for a Chinese museum. Passage 6 （24-25学年高一下·广东顺德德胜中学·期中） Oprah Winfrey is recognized as one of the most powerful females in the world. A successful TV hostess, and an influential producer are among the titles she is known as. She was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi, on January 29, 1954. As a child, she lived with poverty and mistreatment. Although she was not offered everything effortlessly, she still overcame her childhood struggles and made her mark in the world. How did Oprah Winfrey overcome the setbacks (挫折) and build her career from zero? It started when she was 19 and won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty contest. This was her stepping stone towards her journey to work in the media. She started her career as a radio and TV hostess in Nashville. Then she moved to Baltimore, Maryland, where she hosted a local talk show called People Are Talking. This show gained popularity and this finally led to her own national talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, which ran for 25 seasons and was the highest-rated talk show in the history of television. Oprah has a heart of gold and has been a supporter of many causes over the course of her career, such as education, health, and wellness. She has used her stage to inspire and teach people worldwide through her charity organization known as the Oprah Winfrey Network. She also took a step for the education of girls in South Africa by starting the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy. Oprah Winfrey’s life is a true example of where being strong and determined can lead you. She has shown people that if you put your mind to something, you can achieve it. The lesson we can learn from her is that no matter how hard things get, you can always find the strength to keep going and reach your goals. 1. What was Oprah’s childhood like? A. She was born with a silver spoon. B. She struggled with health problems. C. She went through a lot of difficulties. D. She grew up in an easy atmosphere. 2. What was the first step of Oprah’s career? A. Winning a beauty contest. B. Launching a local talk show. C. Running a national talk show. D. Hosting a radio and TV programme. 3. Which of the following can best describe Oprah? A. Warm-hearted but impatient. B. Humorous and ambitious. C. Narrow-minded but talented. D. Strong-willed and kind-hearted. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·广东东莞八中·期中） My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun. In September of 2020, I started a side business in São Paulo selling bread, sauces and other foods online. At the same time, my husband and I were revisiting our dream of living abroad. Canada seemed like the perfect choice because of its diverse (多样的) food culture. I chose to study culinary (烹饪的) management at George Brown College, one of Canada’s top culinary schools. I started my two-year program in September 2022. The program included business courses, such as human resources, and marketing, as well as hands-on cooking classes. I learned skills to be a cook, like working with flavors (味道), and how to prepare large amounts of food. Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness. Being in a kitchen invigorated me. I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do. During my studies, I had some exciting opportunities. I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips. I was one of the winners and got to run an online store, Flavia’s Taste of Brazil, for a week. Using the college’s kitchen, I completed 25 orders, preparing a total of 41 meals. Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love. 1. What can we know about the author when she was a child? A. She loved staying in the kitchen. B. She spent a lot of time in Canada. C. She dreamed of studying abroad. D. She offered to run a side business. 2. Why did the author go to George Brown College? A. To work with her husband. B. To follow her love for cooking. C. To meet her parents’ wishes. D. To find a well-paid job in Brazil. 3. Which best explains the underlined word “invigorated” in paragraph 2? A. Made fun of someone. B. Gave energy to someone. C. Kept track of someone. D. Left a message to someone, 4. What does the author’s success in cooking competitions suggest? A. She is a uniquely gifted teacher. B. She is inspired by other winners. C. She is highly skilled and creative. D. She is lucky enough to be a finalist. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·湖南衡阳县三中·期中） I really love my job because I enjoy working with small children and like the challenges and awards from the job. I also think my work is important. There was a time when I thought I would never have that sort of career. I wasn’t an excellent student, because I didn’t do much schoolwork. In my final term, I started thinking what I might do and found I didn’t have much to offer. I just accepted that I wasn’t the type to have a career. I then found myself a job, looking after two little girls. It wasn’t too bad at first. But the problems began when I agreed to live in, so that I would be there if my boss had to go out for business in the evening. We agreed that if I had to work extra hours one week, she’d give me time off the next. But unfortunately, it didn’t often work out. I was getting extremely tired and fed up, because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children. One Sunday, I was in the park with the children, and met Megan who used to go to school with me. I told her about my situation. She suggested that I should do a course and get a qualification (资格证书) if I wanted to work with children. I didn’t think I would be accepted, because I didn’t take many exams in school. She persuaded me to phone the local college and they were really helpful. My experience counted for a lot and I got on a part-time course. I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten. Now I’ve got a full-time job there. I shall always be thankful to Megan. I wish I had known earlier that you could have a career, even if you aren’t top of the class at school. 1. What is the author’s present job? A. Working part-time in a college. B. Taking care of children for a family. C. Helping children with their schoolwork. D. Looking after children at a kindergarten. 2. Why did the author leave her first job? A. She found a full-time job. B. She was fed up with children. C. She decided to attend a part-time course. D. She needed a rest after working extra hours. 3. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. Megan helped the author find a part-time job. B. The author used to take care of two girls in a family. C. In the family with two girls, the author had to work extra hours very often. D. The author met Megan in a park. 4. What has the author learned from her own experiences? A. Less successful students can still have a career. B. Qualifications are necessary for a career. C. Hard work makes an excellent student. D. One must choose the job he likes. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·广东实验中学·期中） At eleven, I decided to learn to swim. There was a pool at the YMCA offering exactly the opportunity. My mother always warned against it, and kept fresh in my mind the details of each drowning in the river. But the YMCA pool was safe. I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and my father took me to the beach. The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me. The pool was quiet. I was afraid of going in all alone, so I sat on one side of the pool to wait for others. Then came a big boy. He yelled, “Hi, how’d you like to in the water?” With that he picked me up and threw me into the deep end. I landed in a sitting position, and swallowed water. But I was not frightened out of my wits — when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump to come out of the surface. It seemed a long way down. I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards. Then I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water. I tried to yell but no sound came out. I went down, down, endlessly. When I came to consciousness, I found myself lying on the bed in the hospital. I never went back to the pool. I avoided water whenever I could. This misadventure stayed with me as the years rolled by. It deprived (剥夺) me of the joy of boating and swimming. Finally, I decided to get an instructor. Piece by piece, he built a swimmer. Several months later, the instructor was finished, but I was not. Sometimes the terror would return. This went on until July. I swam across the Lake Wentworth. Only once did the terror return. When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?” I had overcome my fear of water. 1. The author’s original fear of water was caused by ______. A. his poor skill in swimming B. his mother’s warning of drowning C. an outing to the beach with his father D. an unpleasant memory of the pool 2. Why was the author not scared to death when he was thrown into the water? A. He knew how to swim in the pool. B. He felt that the YMCA pool was safe. C. He was waiting for others to save him. D. He came up with an idea to go upwards. 3. By expressing “but I was not” in Paragraph 5, the author probably means ______. A. he was still a poor swimmer B. he had not overcome the fear yet C. he was not afraid of drowning any more D. he was not satisfied with the swimming training 4. What does the author’s experience with swimming teach us about overcoming fear? A. It is important to face our fears head-on. B. It is better to avoid situations that cause fear. C. It is impossible to overcome deep-seated fears. D. It is best to rely on others to help us overcome fear. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东济南二中·期中） There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have a lot of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help. The old man told him, “I just have what you exactly need, and it’s in the attic. Wait a minute here.” Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. It’s rather tricky to sit on for it’s invisible, but if you take it to school and manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your real friends are,” Grandpa said. Mario was curious to know whether it was true or not, so he took the strange invisible chair and set off for school. At break time, he asked his classmates to form a circle, and then he put himself inside, with his chair. “Nobody moves! You’ re about to see something amazing.” Then Mario tried to sit on the chair, but he missed and fell down onto his back. Everyone had a pretty good laugh about it. Mario wouldn’t be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground…until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall over. This time he sat, hovering in mid-air... Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana — three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down. Meanwhile, many others he had thought of as friends did nothing but make fun of him, enjoying his every fall. Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought. of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes (不幸). 1. Why did Mario turn to his grandpa for help? A. Because he wondered about true friends. B. Because he couldn’t make any friends. C. Because he didn’t get along with his schoolmates D. Because he didn’t like his school. 2. Why was Mario able to hover in the mid-air? A. Because he managed to sit on the invisible chair finally. B. Because his three friends held him up. C. Because his classmates gave him a chair to sit on. D. Because he could see the magic chair clearly. 3. Who are real friends according to the text? A. Those who laugh with us. B. Those who take joy in our misfortunes. C. Those who care for us when we are popular at school D. Those who sympathize with your misfortunes. 4. How did Mario most probably feel in the end of the text? A. Happy. B. Unconcerned. C. Upset. D. Uncomfortable. Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南京励志中学·期中） While getting into Harvard Law School is never easy for anyone, Rehan, whose single-parent family was poor, made it by himself. Rehan lived through years of family struggles, poverty, and unfairness. He saw his father do several jobs to raise his brother and him with little rest and food. Rehan admitted he was pained and “hungry for more”. Life taught him the value of hard work and self-improvement at a very young age. Those hard times tested the family as a whole. The more stressed Rehan was, the worse his grades became. His father told him to learn to relax by exercising. With a different purpose, he channeled his energy into sports, which he hoped would become his way out of a poor life. However, things didn’t go that way. His father was in bad physical condition and then Rehan had to take a job at Bates Trucking & Trash Removal. He was smart and worked harder than any others. His co-workers spoke highly of him and tried to persuade him to go back to school. One of the company owners even helped him enroll (注册) at Bowie State University. Rehan earned a 4. 0 grade point average and was able to transfer to the University of Maryland. But Rehan’s struggles still weren’t over. During his junior year at the University of Maryland, his father suffered a stroke (中风). Instead of dropping out of school, Rehan returned to Bates Trucking & Trash Removal in order to save his father. He got up each day at 3 am to work before class and doubled his learning plans. Finally, he graduated with good grades. Moreover, he began applying to Harvard Law School and made it. With a sick father, a younger brother, a hard job, and a little time to learn, Rehan just had his own painful story to stand on. “Yes, Rehan has a quick mind, but what makes his achievement even more admirable is his courageous journey to this moment,” said his professor. 1. What does the author mean by saying “hungry for more” in Paragraph 2? A. Rehan was pained due to the lack of food. B. Rehan wanted to get along well with his father. C. Sufferings made Rehan more determined to fight. D. Unlucky experience taught Rehan to take things easy. 2. Why did Rehan go into sports? A. He wished to change his life. B. He found his talent for sports. C. He wanted to improve his mood. D. He tried to develop new hobbies. 3. What happened after Rehan went to work? A. His father’s health gradually improved. B. He was refused by Bowie State University. C. He could continue his study with others’ help. D. His co-workers found the job difficult for him. 4. Which of the following can best describe Rehan’s days in college? A. Colourful but busy. B. Fresh and relaxing. C. Adventurous and funny. D. Challenging but rewarding. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏海安高中·期中） Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome (DS) were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. Born in Rosebank, Ms. Russo was the eldest child of Dorothy and Louis Russo, who moved to Grasmere during the early 1950s. Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome. In 1972, she started Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. The program included kindergarten and graded elementary classes, as well as reading classes, a wood shop, day trips and a sleep away camp. Early on there weren’t too many programs for children with disabilities and they didn’t start school until they were 3 years old. Ms. Russo felt they were being cheated out of an education during the years that are the most developmental. Throughout the years, she applied to city and state officials for better programs for Down Syndrome children. Over the years she helped place a number of Down Syndrome children, including 11 from Willowbrook, in adoptive or foster families. She stressed parents shouldn’t be influenced by negative labels schools and medical professionals used in describing children’s abilities. “Professionals always tell you what they (DS children) cannot do,” she once said. “Keep them stimulated. You treat them more towards the normal, not the exception, and you will get more out of your child.” 1. What left children with Down Syndrome overlooked according to Ms. Russo? A. Their abilities. B. Their physical appearances. C. Their movements. D. Their disappointed parents. 2. What made Ms. Russo start Down Syndrome Learning Center? A. The internal calling to help. B. The availability of enough money. C. The repeated requests of parents. D. The growing number of DS children. 3. What does Ms. Russo want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Society needs to change the attitude towards DS children. B. Professionals often underestimate the DS children’s abilities. C. Parents should have faith in their children’s potential to encourage growth. D. Parents should accept their children’s limitations and provide special treatment. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A. Teri Russo devoted her life to fighting for DS children. B. A devoted nurse tried her best to explore Down Syndrome. C. Programs Teri Russo successfully started helped DS children. D. DS children face more challenges than normal people expect. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏如皋·期中） Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he found an appreciation of music, and from his mother an love of learning and the beauty of the countryside about his home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural (建筑学的) drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871. to public disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. After Under the Greenwood Tree came A Pair of Blue Eyes. Once more Hardy drew on real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic (田园诗般)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure (1895), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy (争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focus on poetry for the rest of his life. 1. What do we know about Hardy? A. His writing started with poems. B. His wife Emma shared his interest. C. He was into drawing as a young man. D. He got fame at the first attempt of writing 2. What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 3? A. Removed. B. Included. C. Changed. D. Ignored. 3. After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A. Jude the Obscure. B. A Pair of Blue Eyes. C. Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D. Far from the Madding Crowd. 4. What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A. Campus life. B. Marriage life. C. Life in London. D. Life in the countryside. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·四川遂宁·期中） Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old Chinese woman, was the first Chinese female scientist who was awarded a Nobel Prize for her work on 7 December, 2015. Her discovery of artemisinin (青蒿素) has led to the development of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions. Tu Youyou was born in Zhejiang, China, on 30 December, 1930. She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Centre. After graduation, she became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices. In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria — a disease that killed millions of people every year. Across the world, scientists had been trying to find a cure. They tested more than 240,000 chemicals with no success. However, Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret. She studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine. She researched hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures. Then Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one. This was not an easy task because the team had limited resources. However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical. Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success. The medicine they discovered, artemisinin, has now become the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria (疟疾). Tu’s work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives. She was noted for her bravery and her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals. Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite her age. 1. How did Tu Youyou obtain a deep knowledge about traditional practices? A. By reading ancient Chinese medical literature. B. By studying at Peking University Health Science Centre. C. By learning from experts in the field of Chinese medicine. D. By working in China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. 2. Why was it difficult for Tu Youyou and her team to find a cure for malaria? A. They didn’t have enough resources. B. They weren’t good at doing experiments. C. They could not find human subjects. D. They could not find a promising chemical. 3. What’s the underlined word “noted” mean? A. marked B. recorded C. attentive D. famous 4. Which of the following can best describe Tu Youyou? A. Independent and brave. B. Patient and confident. C. Outgoing and knowledgeable. D. Devoted and determined. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江西上饶中学·期中） Growing up in rural Jiangsu Province, Yu Jigao showed a strong interest in fine arts at an early age and studied on his own for years. His hard work paid off later. In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists. It was then that Yu found his lifelong artistic zeal for gongbi. Gongbi paintings usually describe birds and flowers, symbols of beauty and joy, in an artistic way with intense color. After graduation from the art school in 1957, Yu began his professional career at the Chinese Painting Institute of Jiangsu. He has since published a series of art collections. Since 1959, Yu has contributed a series of works to many important sites. Yu’s works have also been displayed in a range of national and international exhibitions. From 1986 to 1997, he held his exhibitions in such places as Beijing, Guangzhou and New York. Both the themes and artistic techniques have won widespread praise in the past years. While observing traditional rules, he uses accurate lines, powerful brush movements as well as the interplay between dark and light to represent the harmony of nature. Though he adopts a realistic style, he tries to enrich his works with spiritual beauty through his brush. Yu says, “That feeling turns into the images of singing birds and elegant flowers in my paintings.” Thanks to his careful observation of nature and artistic sensitivity, Yu is able to combine realistic description with artistic expression in his brushwork. Now as deputy director of the Academy of Chinese Gongbi Painting of Flowers and Birds and a national top-level artist, Yu maintains a simple and easy-going style. In addition to artistic creation, Yu has devoted himself to promoting his painting style as the cultural heritage of China. “Art is part of my life,” Yu says. “I am proud to be a flower-bird painter. I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts.” 1. What does the underlined word “zeal” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Request. B. Passion. C. Justice. D. Fund. 2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Yu? A. His school life. B. His painting techniques. C. His achievements in painting. D. His contributions to the art school. 3. Which is Yu’s painting feature? A. Adopting abstract objects. B. Excluding plants and animals. C. Combining traditional rules with a realistic style. D. Representing the imbalance between nature and humans. 4. What does Yu expect of his painting style? A. It will be passed on. B. It will change over time. C. It will look more complicated. D. It will reach the top international level. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·四川眉山东坡区·期中） When my daughter was seven years old, she came home from soccer practice clearly downhearted. When asked, she told me what a teammate said: her teeth were too yellow. My heart broke for her. As parents, we try to keep our children safe, but we can’t always be there to protect our kids from unkind words. I tried to comfort my daughter. I told her that she has a beautiful smile with nice, strong, healthy teeth. I explained why she shouldn’t let someone else’s criticisms define her. On the inside, though, I worried. From my youth, I’ve struggled with the concept that my self-worth was directly related to my physical appearance. When I became a mom, I was terrified that this concept would take root in my daughter. I wanted to protect her little ears from unkind words that might influence her idea of self-worth. I wanted to shield her little eyes from unrealistic beauty standards promoted by magazines, television, and movies. I wanted to guard her little heart from being broken by the idea that she didn’t live up to the standards in some way. On social media, the battle became exceptionally greater. Every day we are bombarded (轰炸) with people living their “best life”, all told through filters (过滤器) which only highlight the “best” parts: best angles, best locations, best outfits, and best hair. Rarely do we get a glimpse of reality. On social media, outer beauty controls everything. How, then, can we teach our kids that they are much more than their appearance? We can start by modeling kindness, empathy, and self-acceptance in our own lives. Kids are incredible mimics (模仿者), so be mindful of what you say, even when you think your kids aren’t listening. If we are constantly putting ourselves down, our kids will follow suit. Instead, adopt a positive attitude when it comes to your own self-worth. Additionally, try to teach your children to see the inner beauty in themselves and in others. There’s beauty in strength, goodness, gentleness, perseverance, and kindness. Praise kids for their acts of kindness, like sharing with a friend or helping a family member without being asked, and talk to them about how it makes them feel. 1. How did the author react to her daughter’s trouble? A. Thrilled. B. Apologetic. C. Sorrowful. D. Curious. 2. What does the underlined word shield probably mean in paragraph 2? A. Cure. B. Fix. C. Broaden. D. Protect. 3. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Everything in social media is not true. B. Social media reflects an unrealistic world. C. People like to share their privacy in social media. D. People attach more importance to their physical appearance. 4. What should parents do to their kids? A. Tell them to behave themselves. B. Praise their kids for their appearance. C. Set a positive example for their kids. D. Encourage their kids to ignore the outer beauty. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·湖南衡阳四中·期中） A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809 and 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the questions correctly. The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called the “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems.  From watching Stevenson, I knew that acquiring a skill at the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads (珠子), so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear. My normal solution was escape, and if I had to calculate something, I would go online.    Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those math problems that once confused her, while my older child took her abacus to school to show it to her classmates and teachers. These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally developed confidence. 1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To prove the difficulty of math. B. To introduce the topic of the abacus. C. To show the cleverness of Stevenson. D. To stress the importance of abacus learning. 2. What do we know about the author from Paragraph 3? A. He was weak in math. B. He was good at computers. C. He regarded math as useful. D. He had a close relationship with kids. 3. What did the author realize from his learning experience? A. All roads lead to Rome. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Faith can move mountains. D. Practice makes perfect. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Secret to My Success B. A Rough Ride — Learning Math C. The Power of Learning the Abacus D. The Abacus — an Ancient Technology Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东济宁育才中学·期中） Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels. He spent hours meeting with clients(客户), but he dreamed of being a novelist instead. I remember thinking: Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn’t? A decade later, however, I was surprised to see the same person on TV, holding up his new book. James Patterson had developed into a best-selling author. He has since published more than 100 New York Times best sellers. “I never thought of myself as an advertising person,” he told me when I asked how he’d done it. “I always planned to be a writer.” Mr. Patterson’s ability to sec himself as a writer shows a term(术语) “possible selves.” It describes how people envision their futures: what they may become, or want to become, etc. The term, created in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius, grew out of research on self-concept and self-perception(自我知觉).While self-concepts, like “I am a kind person” or “I am a good parent”, are based on the present, the researchers found that people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change. These possible selves,both positive and negative,are closely related to motivation (动机).In a small study, when young adults were made to envision themselves as either regular exercisers (hoped-for selves) or inactive (feared selves),both groups exercised more in the weeks afterward. But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future. A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, “if you build a bridge from your ‘now’ self to the possible self,” Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge? 1. What was the author’s attitude towards James Patterson’s dream at first? A. Doubtful. B. Curious. C. Worried. D. Disappointed. 2. What does the underlined word “envision” mean in the fourth paragraph? A. Face. B. Imagine. C. Make. D. Determine. 3. What can we learn about “possible self” from paragraphs 5 and 6? A. It is a necessity for a better future. B. It refers to a person’s present behaviors. C. Negative possible selves cannot inspire people. D. Imagining positive possible selves can promote one’s health. 4. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs? A. How a possible self can be of help. B. How to connect “now” self and possible self. C. What could be done to change one’s possible self. D. What motivation is needed to have a positive self. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江苏江阴六校·期中） My father wanted to go to Alaska, but he couldn’t go alone. He had been stationed there while in the army, and now, so many years later, he wanted to go back, this time for pleasure. But an illness in that same army led to the final loss of his hearing, and now his near deafness made traveling alone impossible. My mother didn’t like to camp. So he turned to me — a lover of the outdoors who looked forward to adventures. We planned to leave immediately following my college graduation that June. There was just one problem. I got a job. My new employer wanted me to report to work immediately and I promised to show up on time, mentally canceling the trip to Alaska. Taking the job was logical. It didn’t make sense to go to college for four years, and then turn down the very career opportunity I’d been looking for. At least it seemed not to ... until I saw the look on my father’s face when I informed him of the news. Without another word, I called my new boss and explained the situation. If he couldn’t hold the position for me for the three weeks when I’d be traveling, then he’d simply have to give it to somebody else. I knew he wouldn’t have any difficulty with the latter choice — career opportunities in the field of forestry at that time were few and far between, and there were many more job applicants than positions available to them. It turned out to be the right decision. At first, I was homesick and felt upset about having to put my own plans aside to meet my father’s. Thankfully my moodiness didn’t last long. It was impossible to resist (抵挡) the beauty surrounding me, the adventures awaiting me, and my father’s love enveloping me. After we returned, I was so excited to know that my employer did hold my position open for me, and I worked for that company for eight wonderful years. When I chose to honor my father’s wishes above my own, I truly got the best of both worlds. 1. What can we learn about the author’s father in paragraph 1? A. He had poor hearing. B. He led an adventurous life. C. He had never traveled alone. D. He didn’t get on with his wife. 2. What problem did the author have? A. He failed to make a career choice. B. He couldn’t impress his new employer. C. His travel plan conflicted with his job. D. His father couldn’t attend his graduation ceremony. 3. How did the author feel at the beginning of the trip? A. Embarrassed. B. Nervous. C. Unhappy. D. Unlucky. 4. Which of the following words can best describe the new employer? A. Creative. B. Moody. C. Strict. D. Considerate. 5. How does the author feel about his decision to travel with his father in the end? A. Regretful and angry. B. Confused and helpless. C. Satisfied and thankful. D. Indifferent and neutral. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $