Unit 3 课外拓展阅读小页- 2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

外研八下时文阅读 Unit3时文阅读全能训练三 拓展阅读 建议作答时间：10分钟 姓名： 评价： How a Soccer Team Overcame a Bad Start Adapted from BBC Sport At the beginning of the season, the Riverside High School soccer team was a mess. They lost their first five games. Players blamed each other. Some refused to pass the ball. The coach was considering canceling the rest of the season. “We had talent, but we didn’t have teamwork,” said team captain 17-year-old David Kim. “Everyone wanted to be the star. No one wanted to do the hard work.” After the fifth loss, the team held a meeting without the coach. For two hours, they sat in the locker room and talked honestly. Players admitted they had been selfish. They apologized for blaming each other. They made a promise: from that day on, they would play as one team. The change didn’t happen overnight. They started arriving early for practice. They created new rules—no criticizing teammates during games, celebrating every good play, and talking constantly on the field. Slowly, things improved. They won their sixth game by a single goal. Then they won again. By the end of the season, they had won eight of their last ten games. “We didn’t suddenly become better players,” David explained. “We became a better team. When you trust each other, you play differently. You take risks because you know someone has your back.” The team didn’t win the championship that year. But they learned something more valuable. “Losing taught us what we needed to change,” David said. “Sometimes you have to fail before you figure out how to succeed together.” Core Vocabulary · blame /bleɪm/ v. 责怪；指责 · locker room /ˈlɒkə ruːm/ n. 更衣室 · criticize /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ v. 批评 · risk /rɪsk/ n. 风险 · championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/ n. 冠军；锦标赛 Comprehension Questions 1. What was the main problem with the soccer team at the beginning of the season? A. They didn’t have talented players. B. They lost their first five games because of bad coaching. C. They had talent but no teamwork. D. The captain refused to play. 2. What did the team do after their fifth loss? A. They asked the coach to leave. B. They held a meeting without the coach and talked honestly. C. They decided to cancel the season. D. They blamed each other even more. 3. What does the phrase “has your back” in paragraph 6 most likely mean? A. 站在你身后 B. 支持你 C. 批评你 D. 取代你 4. How did the team change after their meeting? A. They started arriving late for practice. B. They criticized teammates during games. C. They created new rules and started trusting each other. D. They decided to let the coach make all decisions. 5. What lesson did the team learn from their experience? A. Winning is the only thing that matters. B. Talented players don’t need teamwork. C. Sometimes failure teaches you how to succeed together. D. Losing means you should give up. Stella原创资料 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $外研八下时文阅读 Unit3时文阅读全能训练一 拓展阅读 建议作答时间：10分钟 姓名： 评价： The Power of Trust on a Team Adapted from National Geographic Kids In the summer of 2023, a team of teenage climbers set out to reach the summit of Mount Rainier in Washington state. Among them was 16-year-old Maya Patel, who was the youngest member of the group. She was also the most nervous. “I kept thinking, what if I slow everyone down? What if I can’t make it?” Maya recalled. Her teammates noticed her worry. Instead of pushing ahead, they made a decision: they would stay together, no matter what. As they climbed higher, the air grew thinner and the path became steeper. At one point, Maya’s foot slipped on a patch of ice. Before she could panic, her teammate Carlos was beside her, steadying her with his hand. “You’ve got this,” he said calmly. Throughout the climb, the team communicated constantly. When one person felt tired, others adjusted their pace. When someone faced a difficult section, another offered guidance. They shared water, snacks, and encouragement. After ten hours, they reached the summit together. Looking out at the view, Maya realized something important. “I thought being strong meant doing everything on your own,” she said. “But on this team, I learned that true strength is trusting others and letting them trust you.” The team’s leader, 18-year-old Sarah Chen, explained their philosophy: “A team isn’t a group of individuals climbing separately. It’s one unit moving together. When one of us succeeds, we all succeed.” Core Vocabulary · summit /ˈsʌmɪt/ n. 山顶；顶峰 · steady /ˈstedi/ v. 使稳定；使平稳 · adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ v. 调整；调节 · pace /peɪs/ n. 速度；节奏 · philosophy /fɪˈlɒsəfi/ n. 理念；哲学 Comprehension Questions 1. What was Maya most worried about before the climb? A. She might get hurt on the mountain. B. She might slow her teammates down. C. The weather might become too cold. D. She didn’t have enough equipment. 2. How did the team help Maya during the climb? A. They let her climb alone to prove herself. B. They pushed ahead and waited for her at the top. C. They stayed together, communicated, and offered help when needed. D. They asked her to turn back when she slipped. 3. What does the word “adjusted” in paragraph 4 most likely mean? A. 加快 B. 改变 C. 调整 D. 停止 4. What did Maya learn about strength by the end of the climb? A. Strength means doing everything on your own. B. Strength means never asking for help. C. Strength means trusting others and letting them trust you. D. Strength means being the fastest climber. 5. What does the team leader Sarah mean by “one unit moving together”? A. Team members should climb in a single line. B. The team succeeds or fails as one group. C. Only one person can lead the team. D. Everyone must move at the same speed. Stella原创资料 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $The power of trust on a team in the summer of twenty twenty three, a team of teenage climbers set out to reach the summer of mountaineer in washington state. Among them was sixteen year old mia patel, who was the Youngest member of the group. He was also of the most nervous. I kept thinking, what if I slow everyone down? What if I can't make IT? Mayer recalled. Her teammates noticed her worry. Instead of pushing ahead, they made a decision. They would stay together no matter what. As they climb, the higher the air grow thinner and the path became steeper. At one point, my, his foot slipped on a patch ice before he could panic. Her teammate Carlos was beside her. Study her with his hand. You've got this, he said calmly. Throughout the climb, the team communicated constantly. When one person felt tired, others adjusted their pace. When someone faced a difficult section another for guidance, they shared water, snacks and encouragement. After ten hours, they reached the summit together. Looking out at the view, mayer realized something important. I thought being strong meant doing everything on your own, he said. But on this team, I learned that truth string, thus trusting others and letting them trust you. The team's leader, eighteen year old sera chen, explained their philosophy, a team isn't a group of individuals climbing separately. It's one unit moving together. When one of us succeed, we all succeed. The secret of successful teams, what makes some teams succeed while others fail? Researchers at stanford university spent five years studying hundreds of teams to find the answer. Their findings might surprise you. The most successful teams weren't the ones with the highest, the accuse, or the most experienced members. Instead, researchers discovered something called psychological safety. This means team members feel safe to take risks, speak up and make mistakes without fear, being embarrassed or puni shed in teams with high psychological safety, members listen to each other. They asked questions. They admitted when they didn't know something, they encourage different opinions in these teams. People weren't trying to look smart all the time, explained lead researcher professor amy chen. They were comfortable being themselves that allowed creativity to flow. The study also found that successful teams communicated in a particular way. In the best teams, everyone spoke roughly the same amount of time. No one dominated conversations and no one stayed silent. Members also showed empathy. They paid attention to how others were feeling. Google, the technology company, conducted similar research and reach the same conclusion. Psychological safety was the most important factor in their most effective teams. So what does this mean for students working on group projects? Focus less on who is the smartest st. Professor in advisers, focus more on creating an environment where everyone feels safe to contribute. That's what makes a team great. 外研八下时文阅读 Unit3时文阅读全能训练四 拓展阅读 建议作答时间：10分钟 姓名： 评价： The Secret of Successful Teams Adapted from Time for Kids What makes some teams succeed while others fail? Researchers at Stanford University spent five years studying hundreds of teams to find the answer. Their findings might surprise you. The most successful teams weren’t the ones with the highest IQs or the most experienced members. Instead, researchers discovered something called “psychological safety.” This means team members feel safe to take risks, speak up, and make mistakes without fear of being embarrassed or punished. In teams with high psychological safety, members listened to each other. They asked questions. They admitted when they didn’t know something. They encouraged different opinions. “In these teams, people weren’t trying to look smart all the time,” explained lead researcher Professor Amy Chen. “They were comfortable being themselves. That allowed creativity to flow.” The study also found that successful teams communicated in a particular way. In the best teams, everyone spoke roughly the same amount of time. No one dominated conversations, and no one stayed silent. Members also showed empathy—they paid attention to how others were feeling. Google, the technology company, conducted similar research and reached the same conclusion. Psychological safety was the most important factor in their most effective teams. So what does this mean for students working on group projects? “Focus less on who is the smartest,” Professor Chen advises. “Focus more on creating an environment where everyone feels safe to contribute. That’s what makes a team great.” Core Vocabulary · psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ adj. 心理的 · safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全 · dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ v. 支配；控制 · empathy /ˈempəθi/ n. 共情；同理心 · contribute /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/ v. 贡献；投入 Comprehension Questions 1. What did researchers at Stanford University discover about successful teams? A. They had members with the highest IQs. B. They had the most experienced members. C. They had something called “psychological safety.” D. They worked longer hours than other teams. 2. What does “psychological safety” mean according to the passage? A. Team members wear safety equipment at work. B. Team members feel safe to take risks and make mistakes without fear. C. Team members never disagree with each other. D. Team members only speak when they are sure of the answer. 3. What does the word “dominated” in paragraph 5 most likely mean? A. 喜欢 B. 控制；占据主导 C. 帮助 D. 忽略 4. How did successful teams communicate according to the study? A. The leader did most of the talking. B. Everyone spoke roughly the same amount of time. C. Only the most experienced members spoke. D. They communicated through emails only. 5. What advice does Professor Chen give to students working on group projects? A. Find the smartest person to lead the group. B. Focus on who has the best grades. C. Create an environment where everyone feels safe to contribute. D. Let the quietest person make all decisions. Stella原创资料 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $The orchestra without a conductor adapted from the guardian. In most orchestras, a conductor stands at the front directing the musicians with a baton. But the obvious st. ChAmber orchestra based in new york city does things differently. They have no conductor since its founding in one thousand nine and seventy two, this group of musicians has performed without a single leader. Instead, they make decisions together. Before each performance, they sit in a circle and discuss how they will play the music. Every musician has an equal voice. We don't have one person telling everyone what to do, explains violinist Sarah. We listen to each other. If someone has an idea, we try IT out. Sometimes we disagree, but we work through IT. The group's approach requires trust and respect. Musicians must be willing to both lead and follow. During rehearsals, different members take turns guiding sections of the music. No one is in charge all the time. IT sounds like IT might be chaotic, says telemark leslee. But IT actually works beautifully because everyone feels ownership of the performance we all give our best. The orfield chAmber orchestra has recorded over one hundred albums and performed around the world. Their model has inspired other groups to rethink what leadership looks like, as one review were put that they prove that great teams don't need a single leader. They need shared responsibility. How a soccer team overcame a bad start at the beginning of the season, the riverside high school soccer team was a mess. They lost their first five games. Players blamed each other. Some refused to pass the ball. The coach was considering cancelling the rest of the season. We had talent, but we didn't have teamwork, said team captain in seventeen year old David kim. Everyone wanted to be the star. No one wanted to do the hard work. After the fifth loss, the team held a meeting without the coach for two hours. They SAT in the locker room and talked honestly. Players admitted they had been selfish. They apologized for blaming each other. They made a promise from that day on, they would play as one team. The change didn't happen overnight. They started arriving early for practice. They created new rules. No, criticizing teammates during games, celebrating every good play, talking constantly on the field. Slowly things improved. They won their sixth game by a single goal. Then they won again. By the end of the season, they had one aid of their last ten games. We didn't suddenly become Better players, data explained. We became a Better team. When you trust each other, you play differently, you take risks because you know someone has, you're back. The team didn't win the chapan ship that year, but they learned something more valuable. Losing taught us what we needed to change, David said. Sometimes you have to fail before you figure out how to succeed together. 外研八下时文阅读 Unit3时文阅读全能训练二 拓展阅读 建议作答时间：10分钟 姓名： 评价： The Orchestra Without a Conductor Adapted from The Guardian In most orchestras, a conductor stands at the front, directing the musicians with a baton. But the Orpheus Chamber Orchestra, based in New York City, does things differently. They have no conductor. Since its founding in 1972, this group of musicians has performed without a single leader. Instead, they make decisions together. Before each performance, they sit in a circle and discuss how they will play the music. Every musician has an equal voice. “We don’t have one person telling everyone what to do,” explains violinist Sarah Adams. “We listen to each other. If someone has an idea, we try it out. Sometimes we disagree, but we work through it.” The group’s approach requires trust and respect. Musicians must be willing to both lead and follow. During rehearsals, different members take turns guiding sections of the music. No one is in charge all the time. “It sounds like it might be chaotic,” says cellist Marcus Lee, “but it actually works beautifully. Because everyone feels ownership of the performance, we all give our best.” The Orpheus Chamber Orchestra has recorded over 100 albums and performed around the world. Their model has inspired other groups to rethink what leadership looks like. As one reviewer put it, “They prove that great teams don’t need a single leader—they need shared responsibility.” Core Vocabulary · orchestra /ˈɔːkɪstrə/ n. 管弦乐队 · conductor /kənˈdʌktə/ n. 指挥 · baton /ˈbætɒn/ n. 指挥棒 · rehearsal /rɪˈhɜːsəl/ n. 排练 · ownership /ˈəʊnəʃɪp/ n. 主人翁感；所有权 Comprehension Questions 1. What makes the Orpheus Chamber Orchestra different from most orchestras? A. They perform without any instruments. B. They have no conductor. C. They only play modern music. D. They have more than 100 members. 2. How do the musicians make decisions in this orchestra? A. The oldest member decides. B. They follow a single conductor. C. They sit in a circle and discuss together. D. They vote and the majority wins. 3. What does the word “chaotic” in paragraph 5 most likely mean? A. 有序的 B. 混乱的 C. 安静的 D. 复杂的 4. Why does the orchestra’s model work well according to cellist Marcus Lee? A. Because everyone follows one leader. B. Because they have recorded many albums. C. Because every member feels ownership and gives their best. D. Because they never disagree with each other. 5. What is the main lesson that other groups can learn from this orchestra? A. Orchestras should not have conductors. B. Great teams can succeed through shared responsibility. C. Musicians should always agree with each other. D. Leadership is not important for a team. Stella原创资料 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版八下 Reading 1: The Power of Trust on a Team 参考译文 2023年夏天，一支由青少年组成的登山队出发前往华盛顿州的雷尼尔山山顶。其中有一位16岁的玛雅·帕特尔，她是队伍中最年轻的成员，也是最紧张的一个。 “我一直在想，如果我拖慢了大家的速度怎么办？如果我登不上去怎么办？”玛雅回忆道。她的队友们注意到了她的担忧。他们没有继续前进，而是做了一个决定：无论如何，他们都要待在一起。 随着他们越爬越高，空气变得更加稀薄，道路也变得更加陡峭。有一次，玛雅的脚在一块冰面上打滑了。在她慌乱之前，队友卡洛斯已经来到她身边，用手稳住她。“你能行的，”他平静地说。 在整个登山过程中，队员们不断沟通。当有人感到疲惫时，其他人就会调整步伐。当有人遇到困难路段时，另一个人就会提供指导。他们分享水、零食和鼓励。 十个小时后，他们一起到达了山顶。望着眼前的景色，玛雅意识到了一件重要的事情。“我原以为强大意味着独自完成所有事情，”她说。“但在这个团队里，我明白了真正的强大是信任他人，并让别人信任你。” 队伍的领队、18岁的萨拉·陈解释了他们的理念：“一个团队不是一群各自攀登的个体。它是一个共同前进的整体。当我们中的一个人成功时，我们所有人都成功了。” 题目解析 第1题 答案：B。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第二段玛雅直接说出了她的担忧：“what if I slow everyone down?”，意思是“如果我拖慢了大家的速度怎么办？”，这与选项B的描述一致。A说她担心受伤、C担心天气太冷、D担心装备不足，文中均未提及。 第2题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章描述了团队帮助玛雅的多种方式：第三段卡洛斯在她打滑时稳住她，第四段提到他们“communicated constantly”（不断沟通）、“adjusted their pace”（调整步伐）、“offered guidance”（提供指导）、“shared water, snacks, and encouragement”（分享水和零食以及鼓励），这些都体现了团队通过待在一起、沟通和提供帮助来支持玛雅，与选项C的描述一致。A说让她独自攀登证明自己、B说他们继续前进在山顶等她、D说在她打滑时让她返回，都与文中描述相反。 第3题 答案：C。 这道题考查词义猜测。文章第四段说当有人感到疲惫时，其他人“adjusted their pace”，结合上下文可知这是在调整行进速度以适应队友，因此“adjusted”意为“调整”。其他选项A“加快”、B“改变”（不够准确）、D“停止”都不符合语境。 第4题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第五段玛雅总结她学到的道理：“true strength is trusting others and letting them trust you”，即真正的强大是信任他人并让别人信任你，这与选项C的描述一致。A说强大意味着独自完成所有事、B说强大意味着从不寻求帮助、D说强大意味着成为最快的攀登者，都与玛雅学到的相反。 第5题 答案：B。 这道题考查句意理解。文章最后一段萨拉说团队是“one unit moving together”，即一个共同前进的整体，她接着说“When one of us succeeds, we all succeed”，意思是当一个人成功时，所有人都成功，这说明团队的成功或失败是一体的，与选项B的描述一致。A说队员应该排成一列攀登、C说只有一个人可以领导团队、D说每个人必须以相同速度移动，都不是这句话的含义。 --- Reading 2: The Orchestra Without a Conductor 参考译文 在大多数管弦乐队中，指挥站在前面，用指挥棒指导音乐家。但总部设在纽约的奥尔菲斯室内乐团却有所不同。他们没有指挥。 自1972年成立以来，这个音乐家团体一直在没有单一领导者的情况下演出。相反，他们共同做决定。每次演出前，他们围坐成一圈，讨论他们将如何演奏音乐。每位音乐家都有平等的发言权。 “我们没有一个人告诉其他人该做什么，”小提琴手萨拉·亚当斯解释道。“我们互相倾听。如果有人有想法，我们就试一试。有时我们会意见不合，但我们会一起解决。” 这个团体的方法需要信任和尊重。音乐家必须既愿意领导也愿意跟随。在排练期间，不同的成员轮流指导音乐的各个部分。没有人一直负责。 “这听起来可能会很混乱，”大提琴手马库斯·李说，“但实际上效果非常好。因为每个人都对演出有主人翁感，我们都全力以赴。” 奥尔菲斯室内乐团已经录制了超过100张专辑，并在世界各地演出。他们的模式启发了其他团体重新思考领导力是什么样子。正如一位评论家所说：“他们证明了伟大的团队不需要单一的领导者——他们需要共同的责任。” 题目解析 第1题 答案：B。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第一段明确指出奥尔菲斯室内乐团“have no conductor”，即没有指挥，这与选项B的描述一致。A说他们没有乐器演出、C说他们只演奏现代音乐、D说他们有超过100名成员，文中均未提及。 第2题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第二段提到这个乐团的决策方式是“they sit in a circle and discuss how they will play the music”，即围坐成一圈讨论如何演奏音乐，每位音乐家都有平等的发言权，这与选项C的描述一致。A说由最年长的成员决定、B说他们听从单一指挥、D说投票表决多数胜出，文中均未提及。 第3题 答案：B。 这道题考查词义猜测。文章第五段大提琴手说“It sounds like it might be chaotic, but it actually works beautifully”，意思是“这听起来可能很______，但实际上效果非常好”。从上下文可知，没有指挥的乐队听起来可能会很混乱，因此“chaotic”意为“混乱的”。其他选项A“有序的”、C“安静的”、D“复杂的”都不符合语境。 第4题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第五段大提琴手马库斯解释了乐团模式奏效的原因：“Because everyone feels ownership of the performance, we all give our best”，即因为每个人都对演出有主人翁感，所以都全力以赴，这与选项C的描述一致。A说每个人都跟随一个领导、B说因为他们录制了很多专辑、D说他们从不意见不合，都不是文中提到的原因。 第5题 答案：B。 这道题考查主旨理解。文章最后一段评论家的话总结了乐团的启示：“They prove that great teams don’t need a single leader—they need shared responsibility”，即他们证明了伟大的团队不需要单一的领导者——他们需要共同的责任，这与选项B的描述一致。A说管弦乐队不应该有指挥、C说音乐家应该总是意见一致、D说领导力对团队不重要，都不是文章传达的信息。 Reading 3: How a Soccer Team Overcame a Bad Start 参考译文 赛季开始时，河滨高中足球队一团糟。他们输掉了前五场比赛。球员们互相指责。有些人拒绝传球。教练甚至考虑取消余下的赛季。 “我们有天赋，但我们没有团队合作，”队长、17岁的大卫·金说。“每个人都想成为明星。没有人愿意做艰苦的工作。” 在第五场失利之后，球队在没有教练的情况下召开了一次会议。他们在更衣室里坐了两个小时，坦诚地交谈。球员们承认自己一直很自私。他们为互相指责而道歉。他们许下承诺：从那天起，他们要作为一个团队来比赛。 改变并非一夜之间发生。他们开始提前到场训练。他们制定了新的规则——比赛中不批评队友，庆祝每一次好的表现，在场上不断交流。 慢慢地，情况改善了。他们以一球之差赢下了第六场比赛。然后他们又赢了。到赛季结束时，他们在最后十场比赛中赢了八场。 “我们并没有突然成为更好的球员，”大卫解释道。“我们成为了一支更好的球队。当你信任彼此时，你的比赛方式就不一样了。你会冒险，因为你知道有人会支持你。” 那一年，球队没有赢得冠军。但他们学到了更有价值的东西。“失败教会了我们需要改变什么，”大卫说。“有时候，你必须先失败，才能弄清楚如何一起成功。” 题目解析 第1题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第二段队长大卫总结了球队的问题：“We had talent, but we didn’t have teamwork”，意思是“我们有天赋，但我们没有团队合作”，这与选项C的描述一致。A说他们没有有天赋的球员、B说他们因为教练糟糕而输球、D说队长拒绝比赛，文中均未提及。 第2题 答案：B。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第三段提到第五场失利后，球队“held a meeting without the coach... talked honestly”，即没有教练在场召开了一次会议，坦诚地交谈，这与选项B的描述一致。A说他们让教练离开、C说他们决定取消赛季、D说他们更加互相指责，文中均未提及。 第3题 答案：B。 这道题考查短语猜测。文章第六段大卫说“You take risks because you know someone has your back”，意思是“你会冒险，因为你知道有人______”。结合上下文，团队信任增强后，队员知道有人会支持自己，因此“has your back”意为“支持你”。其他选项A“站在你身后”、C“批评你”、D“取代你”都不符合语境。 第4题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第四、五段描述了球队的改变：他们制定了新规则，比赛中不批评队友，庆祝好的表现，不断交流，建立了信任，这与选项C的描述一致。A说他们开始迟到训练、B说他们在比赛中批评队友、D说他们让教练做所有决定，都与文中描述相反。 第5题 答案：C。 这道题考查主旨理解。文章最后一段大卫总结了球队学到的教训：“Sometimes you have to fail before you figure out how to succeed together”，意思是“有时候，你必须先失败，才能弄清楚如何一起成功”，这与选项C的描述一致。A说胜利是唯一重要的事、B说有天赋的球员不需要团队合作、D说失败意味着应该放弃，都不是文章传达的信息。 --- Reading 4: The Secret of Successful Teams 参考译文 是什么让一些团队成功而另一些团队失败？斯坦福大学的研究人员花了五年时间研究了数百个团队来寻找答案。他们的发现可能会让你感到惊讶。 最成功的团队不是那些智商最高或成员经验最丰富的团队。相反，研究人员发现了一种叫做“心理安全感”的东西。这意味着团队成员感到安全，可以冒险、畅所欲言、犯错误，而不用担心尴尬或受到惩罚。 在心理安全感高的团队中，成员们互相倾听。他们提出问题。他们承认自己不知道的事情。他们鼓励不同的意见。 “在这些团队中，人们不会总是试图表现得很聪明，”首席研究员陈艾米教授解释道。“他们自在地做自己。这让创造力得以流动。” 研究还发现，成功的团队以一种特定的方式沟通。在最优秀的团队中，每个人的发言时间大致相同。没有人主导对话，也没有人保持沉默。成员们还表现出同理心——他们关注他人的感受。 科技公司谷歌也进行了类似的研究，得出了相同的结论。心理安全感是他们最高效团队中最重要的因素。 那么这对做小组项目的学生来说意味着什么呢？“少关注谁最聪明，”陈教授建议道。“更多地关注创造一个让每个人都感到安全并愿意贡献的环境。这才是让一个团队变得伟大的原因。” 题目解析 第1题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第二段明确指出研究人员发现成功的团队拥有“something called ‘psychological safety’”，即一种叫做“心理安全感”的东西，这与选项C的描述一致。A说他们成员智商最高、B说他们成员经验最丰富、D说他们工作时间更长，文中均明确否定。 第2题 答案：B。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第二段对心理安全感进行了定义：“team members feel safe to take risks, speak up, and make mistakes without fear of being embarrassed or punished”，即团队成员感到安全，可以冒险、畅所欲言、犯错误，而不用担心尴尬或受到惩罚，这与选项B的描述一致。A说团队成员在工作中穿戴安全装备、C说团队成员从不意见不合、D说团队成员只在确定答案时才发言，都与定义不符。 第3题 答案：B。 这道题考查词义猜测。文章第五段说在最好的团队中，没有人“dominated” conversations，结合上下文每个人的发言时间大致相同，可以推断没有人主导或控制对话，因此“dominated”意为“控制”或“占据主导”。其他选项A“喜欢”、C“帮助”、D“忽略”都不符合语境。 第4题 答案：B。 这道题考查细节理解。文章第五段明确说明成功团队的沟通方式：“everyone spoke roughly the same amount of time”，即每个人的发言时间大致相同，这与选项B的描述一致。A说领导者说最多的话、C说只有最有经验的成员发言、D说他们只通过电子邮件沟通，都与文中描述相反。 第5题 答案：C。 这道题考查细节理解。文章最后一段陈教授给学生的建议是：“create an environment where everyone feels safe to contribute”，即创造一个让每个人都感到安全并愿意贡献的环境，这与选项C的描述一致。A说找到最聪明的人领导小组、B说关注谁成绩最好、D说让最安静的人做所有决定，都不是教授的建议。 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