专题 J815 Unit 1 Past and present 语法填空-【题型易-必考题型精练】2025-2026学年八年级下学期英语 话题中心题型梯度特训-译林版

考前语法精练 专题J815语法填空 单元话题特训（新教材译林版） Unit 1 Past and present 过去与现在 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 初阶练手 进阶提升 能力突破 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号里单词的正确形式。 My name is Simon. I live in a small town near Nanjing. The town 1 (change) a lot over the years. When I was a child, there 2 (be) only a few small shops. Now, there 3 (be) a big shopping mall and a modern cinema. People 4 (build) a new hospital last year. I 5 (know) my best friend, Mike, since we were five years old. We often play together. He 6 just 7 (move) to a new flat with his family. It is much bigger than the old one. The government 8 (do) a lot to improve our life. The streets are 9 (clean) than before. I love my hometown and I believe it 10 (become) better and better in the future. 【答案】 1. has changed 2. were 3. is 4. built 5. have known 6. has 7. moved 8. has done 9. cleaner 10. will become 【导语】本文以Simon的视角，讲述了其家乡南京附近小镇多年来发生的巨大变化，涵盖建筑设施、人际关系、政府举措及未来发展展望等方面。 1. 句意：这座小镇这些年已经变化了很多。“over the years”是现在完成时的时间标志，句子主语The town为单数，助动词用has，change的过去分词是changed。 2. 句意：当我还是个孩子时，只有几家小商店。“When I was a child”表明描述过去的情况，用一般过去时；there be句型中，主语only a few small shops是复数，be动词用were。 3. 句意：现在，有一个大型购物中心和一家现代化的电影院。“Now”提示用一般现在时，there be句型遵循“就近一致”原则，靠近的主语a big shopping mall为单数，be动词用is。 4. 句意：人们去年建了一家新医院。“last year”是一般过去时的时间标志，build的过去式是built。 5. 句意：我从五岁起就认识我最好的朋友Mike了。“since we were five years old”是现在完成时的标志，句子主语I，助动词用have，know的过去分词是known。 6. 句意：他刚刚和家人搬到了一套新公寓。“just”常与现在完成时连用，句子主语He是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 7. 句意：他刚刚和家人搬到了一套新公寓。现在完成时中，move的过去分词是moved。 8. 句意：政府已经做了很多来改善我们的生活。此处强调动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语The government是单数，助动词用has，do的过去分词是done。 9. 句意：街道比以前更干净了。“than”是比较级的标志，clean的比较级是cleaner。 10. 句意：我爱我的家乡，并且我相信它在未来会变得越来越好。“in the future”是一般将来时的标志，用“will + 动词原形”结构，become用原形。 Passage 2 根据语境或提示，完成短文，每空一词。 It’s Day 45 of our adventure to the South Pole. This is one of the most difficult days I’ve ever had. However, we keep 1 (walk) against the wind and snow to get to the South Pole. This journey has been special even though at times it 2 (feel) like it is never going to end. First, it’s not easy to move over the white snow and ice that feels like an ocean. Sometimes it’s white everywhere and it’s hard to see more than a few 3 (meter) ahead because of storms. Whenever I almost give 4 , I try to think of how Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary overcame (战胜) their difficulties more than 80 years ago. Another challenge of the jourrney is 5 (prepare) food. For example, we have to eat any hot food fast since it gets cold 6 (quick). Sometimes, we just have some sweets and nuts 7 there’s no time to stop for a proper meal. We’ve always made sure that we eat the right food so that we can continue our journey with enough energy. I think the 8 (hard) part is to protect our feet. It would be bad if we couldn’t get to the pole because of accidents. Our team doctor has always helped us and has 9 (keep) us in good shape. This adventure has taught us that we need to challenge 10 (we) before we can succeed. It will feel wonderful to be finally standing at the South Pole. 【答案】 1. walking 2. felt 3. meters 4. up 5. preparing 6. quickly 7. because 8. hardest 9. kept 10. ourselves 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者南极探险的经历和感受。 1. 句意：然而，我们顶着风雪继续走向南极。keep doing sth意为 “继续做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处用walk的动名词形式walking。故填walking。 2. 句意：这段旅程很特别，尽管有时感觉它永远不会结束。根据“even though at times it…like it is never going to end.”可知，此处描述的是过去这段时间里的感受，所以用一般过去时，feel的过去式是felt，故填felt。 3. 句意：有时到处都是白色，由于风暴，很难看到前方几米远的地方。根据空前的“a few”可知， 此处应填可数名词meter“米”的复数形式meters，故填meters。 4. 句意：每当我几乎要放弃的时候，我就会试着去想80多年前丹增・诺尔盖和埃德蒙・希拉里是如何克服他们的困难的。give up意为 “放弃”，动词短语，符合语境。故填up。 5. 句意：旅程的另一个挑战是准备食物。“is”后面用动名词作表语，所以用prepare的动名词形式preparing。故填preparing。 6. 句意：例如，我们必须尽快吃热的食物，因为它很快就会变冷。根据空前的“gets”可知，这里需要用副词来修饰动词，quick的副词形式是quickly。故填quickly。 7. 句意：有时，我们只吃一些糖果和坚果，因为没有时间停下来吃一顿合适的饭。根据“there’s no time to stop for a proper meal”和“we just have some sweets and nuts”可知，此处是前果后因，所以用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，故填because。 8. 句意：我认为最难的部分是保护我们的脚。根据上下文语境，这里是在说众多挑战中最困难的部分，所以用hard的最高级形式hardest。故填hardest。 9. 句意：我们的队医一直帮助我们，让我们保持良好的状态。根据“Our team doctor has always helped us and has…”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，句中has已给出，keep的过去分词是kept，故填kept。 10. 句意：这次冒险告诉我们，在成功之前我们需要挑战自己。challenge oneself表示“挑战某人自己”，固定搭配，主语是“we”，所以用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wuying, a Miao village, has 1 (see) great changes over the past 10 years. Six years ago, the local officials (官员) joined 2 (village) in a tree-planting activity to celebrate the Tree-Planting Day. Now, we can see 3 (row) of fruit trees in the village. People can make a 4 (live) by growing fruit and the environment in the village has also improved. In the past, girls in the village usually 5 (help) with farming instead of going to school. 6 , in March 2020, the government started night school programmes to teach women Mandarin (普通话). As Liang Zuying, aged 48, said, women of different ages here can get education now. Liang has helped with housework and farming 7 she was 7 years old. Her dream of 8 (get) education came true at the evening classes. Pan Muzhi, 9 teacher at the night school, is happy to see the students. “They have a strong drive to learn. Even after a long and 10 (tired) day of work, they still want to be here,” said Pan. 【答案】 1. seen 2. villagers 3. rows 4. living 5. helped 6. However 7. since 8. getting 9. a 10. tiring 【导语】本文主要介绍了苗族村——乌英，在过去10年里发生了巨大的变化。 1. 句意：乌英，一个苗族村庄，在过去的10年里见证了巨大的变化。根据“over the past 10 years”可知，本句使用现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，see的过去分词是seen，故填seen。 2. 句意：六年前，当地官员与村民一起参加了植树活动来庆祝植树节。根据“the local officials joined…in a tree-planting activity”可知，此句表达当地官员与村民一起参加植树活动，此处指“村民”，village意为“村庄”，villager意为“村民”，可数名词，当地村民不止一个，需用名词复数形式，故填villagers。 3. 句意：现在，我们可以在村里看到一排排的果树。row意为“排”，可数名词，前无不定冠词a/an修饰，需用其复数形式，故填rows。 4. 句意：人们可以通过种植水果谋生，村里的环境也得到了改善。根据“People can make a… by growing fruit”可知，此句表达人们通过种植水果谋生，固定搭配make a living 意为“谋生”，故填living。 5. 句意：在过去，村里的女孩通常帮助务农而不是上学。根据“In the past”可知，本句使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，help的过去式helped，故填helped。 6. 句意：然而，在2020年3月，政府开始了夜校项目来教女性普通话。根据前句“In the past, …instead of going to school”及后句“in March 2020, the government started night school”可知前后句之间是转折关系，结合空格后有逗号，所以用however“然而”来连接表转折，因其在句首，首字母大写，故填However。 7. 句意：梁祖英从7岁起就帮助做家务和务农。根据“Liang has helped”及“she was 7 years old”可知，此句表达梁从7岁开始一直帮助家里干活，since“从……起” ，连接时间状语从句，表动作从过去某一时间持续到现在，符合语境， 故填since。 8. 句意：她在夜校获得教育的梦想实现了。由于空格前of是介词，后接名词或动名词，get动词，其动名词形式为getting，故填getting。 9. 句意：潘木智，在夜校的一位老师，很高兴见到这些学生。根据“Pan Muzhi”和“… teacher at the night school”这两句可知，后句是对前句的一个解释，此处指“一名教师”，表泛指，用不定冠词a/an修饰，teacher是辅音音素开头的单词，用a，故填a。 10. 句意：即使在漫长而疲惫的一天工作之后，他们仍然想来这里。空格后是day名词，常用形容词来修饰，tired是形容词，意为“疲惫的”，修饰人，tiring形容词，意为“疲惫的”，修饰物，此处day为物，故填tiring。 Passage 4 综合填空 Haimen is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with waste. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished (处罚，惩罚). People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Haimen believe that if they work together, they can surely make Haimen a better place. 【答案】 1. have taken 2. live 3. southern 4. on 5. themselves 6. dropped 7. factories 8. carelessly 9. to help 10. more meaningful 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了海门镇近年来的巨大变化，包括生活条件、交通、环境和居民素质等方面的改善。 1. 句意：在过去的几年里发生了巨大的变化，包括生活条件、交通、环境和人。时间状语“over the past few years”表示从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，主语“Great changes”是复数，谓语用“have taken”。故填have taken。 2. 句意：当地人过去住在老房子里。“used to do”表示“过去常常做某事”。故填live。 3. 句意：现在大多数人搬进了新公寓，城镇的南部有一个高铁站。修饰名词“part”，需用形容词形式。故填southern。 4. 句意：大多数人习惯乘高铁出差。“on business”是固定搭配，表示“出差”。故填on。 5. 句意：人们经常在一天辛苦工作后去那里放松自己。空处作“relax”的宾语，宾语和主语people是同一主体，需用反身代词。故填themselves。 6. 句意：过去，人们到处乱扔垃圾。时间状语“In the past”表明用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填dropped。 7. 句意：工厂的废物被倒入河流。空处表示“多个工厂”，需用复数形式。故填factories。 8. 句意：如果人们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，他们将受到惩罚。分析句子结构，设空处修饰动词“drop”，需用副词形式；且根据“If people drop litter ... in public”可知，在公共场所乱扔垃圾是粗心的行为，所以carelessly符合语境。故填carelessly。 9. 句意：他和同学经常讨论如何帮助有需要的人。“how to do”是固定搭配，表示“如何做某事”。故填to help。 10. 句意：他认为现在的生活更有意义了。由is和much可知，空处需用形容词比较级作表语，根据“He and his classmates often discuss how ... people in need.”可知表示“比以前更有意义”。meaningful“有意义的”比较级是more meaningful。故填more meaningful。 Passage 5 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 On September 3, our country 1 (hold) a grand military parade to mark a historic moment—the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. As a 2 (teenage), I sat in front of the television, full of excitement and curiosity. At first, I didn’t fully understand the deep meaning behind the parade. But when I saw the soldiers marching in neat lines, I felt 3 strong sense of pride. They walked at the same 4 (high) and moved together perfectly. It wasn’t just about showing strength—it was about remembering the past and honoring those who 5 (fight) for peace. I also learned that many young soldiers spent years training 6 (improve) their skills. Some even learned 7 (France) and other languages to communicate with people from other countries. This helps develop the friendship 8 different countries. Now, I truly see the importance of peace and working together. I look forward to 9 (make) a contribution to our country’s development when I grow up. As young students, we should continue to learn and grow, 10 that we can help make the world a better place. 【答案】 1. held 2. teenager 3. a 4. height 5. fought 6. to improve 7. French 8. between 9. making 10. so 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者观看纪念抗日战争胜利阅兵式的感受，表达了对和平的珍视和为祖国发展做贡献的决心。 1. 句意：9月3日，我国举行了盛大的阅兵式来纪念一个历史性的时刻——中国人民抗日战争的胜利。根据“On September 3”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填held。 2. 句意：作为一个青少年，我坐在电视机前，充满了兴奋和好奇。根据“As a…”以及提示词可知，此处指“作为一个青少年”，teenager“青少年”，可数名词；a修饰可数名词单数。故填teenager。 3. 句意：但当我看到士兵们整齐地列队行进时，我感到一种强烈的自豪感。根据“I felt…strong sense of pride”可知，“我”感到一种强烈的自豪感，sense是可数名词，此处表示泛指，空后strong是以辅音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词a。故填a。 4. 句意：他们走在同一个高度，完美地走在一起。根据“They walked at the same…”以及提示词可知，此处指“相同的高度”，空前为形容词same，空处应用名词height“高度”。故填height。 5. 句意：这不仅仅是为了展示力量，也是为了铭记过去，纪念那些为和平而战的人们。根据“it was”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填fought。 6. 句意：我还了解到，许多年轻士兵花了数年时间训练以提高技能。根据“many young soldiers spent years training…their skills”以及提示词可知，许多年轻士兵花了数年时间训练以提高技能，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to improve。 7. 句意：有些人甚至学习法语和其他语言，以便与来自其他国家的人交流。根据“Some even learned…”以及提示词可知，有些人甚至学习法语，此处应用名词French“法语”。故填French。 8. 句意：这有助于发展不同国家之间的友谊。根据“This helps develop the friendship…different countries.”可知，此处指“在不同国家之间”，应用介词between“在……之间”。故填between。 9. 句意：我期待长大后为我们国家的发展做出贡献。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，动词短语，此处应用making。故填making。 10. 句意：作为年轻的学生，我们应该继续学习和成长，这样我们就能把世界变得更美好。so that“以便”，引导目的状语从句。故填so。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示词的空格限填一词。 Last summer, I decided to travel to a quiet village in the green mountains. My friend Lisa 1 (guide) me to find the beautiful places. On our first morning, we set off early. Soon we found 2 old house with tall trees around it. A villager told us, “Follow the narrow path beside the river, 3 you’ll find a lake like a bright mirror.” We walked slowly, enjoying the fresh air and 4 (complete) forgetting the busy city life. To our surprise, the lake’s water was much 5 (clear) than we thought—we could see the small stones at the bottom. The villager told us the stones near the lake were dangerous, so we stayed safe by 6 (walk) carefully. Nearby, groups of 7 (tourist) from the city were talking and laughing by the water. We took out paper and pencils 8 (paint) the lovely views. It was really an amazing trip. Away from the busy city, we lost 9 (we) in the peace, feeling so calm and happy. When the night came, we fell asleep 10 sweet dreams in camps. 【答案】 1. guided 2. an 3. and 4. completely 5. clearer 6. walking 7. tourists 8. to paint 9. ourselves 10. with 【导语】本文讲述了作者和朋友去年夏天去山村旅行，享受大自然美景的愉快经历。 1. 句意：我的朋友丽莎引导我找到了那些美丽的地方。根据“Last summer”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，guide的过去式为guided。故填guided。 2. 句意：很快我们发现了一座周围有高树的旧房子。old以元音音素开头，表示“一座”，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 3. 句意：沿着河边的小路走，你会找到一个像明镜一样的湖。根据“Follow the narrow path beside the river”和“you’ll find a lake like a bright mirror”可知，前后为顺承关系，应用and“然后”。故填and。 4. 句意：我们慢慢地走着，享受着新鲜的空气，完全忘记了繁忙的城市生活。修饰动词forgetting，应用complete的副词completely“完全地”。故填completely。 5. 句意：令我们惊讶的是，湖水比我们想象的要清澈得多——我们可以看到底部的小石头。much后接形容词比较级，clear的比较级为clearer。故填clearer。 6. 句意：村民告诉我们湖边的石头很危险，所以我们小心翼翼地走路以保证安全。by为介词，后接动名词walking。故填walking。 7. 句意：附近，一群来自城市的游客在水边谈笑。groups of后接可数名词复数，tourist的复数形式为tourists。故填tourists。 8. 句意：我们拿出纸和笔画可爱的风景。此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to paint。 9. 句意：远离繁忙的城市，我们沉浸在宁静中。lose oneself in“沉浸于”，固定搭配，主语we，应用ourselves。故填ourselves。 10. 句意：当夜晚来临，我们在帐篷里带着甜蜜的梦想入睡。with“带有”，介词。故填with。 Passage 7 Sometimes, my Mom likes to cook breakfast food for dinner. I remember one night when she made pancakes, sausage and biscuits (饼干). All of the food was great 1 the biscuits. They were very 2 (bad) burned (烧焦的). They looked like pieces of black charcoal (木炭). But my Dad didn’t seem to mind. I watched him eat his biscuits 3 (happy), not seeming to care if they tasted bad. My Mom said sorry 4 burning the biscuits, but Dad said, “You know, I like eating burned biscuits every once in a while!” Later that night, before 5 (go) to bed, I asked my Dad if he really liked burned biscuits. He explained (解释道) that my Mom worked 6 (hard) all day, and that she was quite tired by the time she cooked our dinner. It was then that I understood 7 he told Mom that he liked eating the burned biscuits. Everyone has faults. 8 can do everything right all the time. Accepting 9 (other) faults is 10 key to building good relationships. If we do so, we will enjoy true love and understanding. 【答案】 1. but/except 2. badly 3. happily 4. for 5. going 6. hard 7. why 8. Nobody 9. others’ 10. the 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的妈妈晚餐做了烤焦的饼干，爸爸却吃得很开心，作者从中理解到爸爸是为了体谅辛苦工作的妈妈，进而感悟到接受他人的不完美是建立良好关系的关键。 1. 句意：所有的食物都很棒，除了那些饼干。根据“All of the food was great”和“They looked like pieces of black charcoal (木炭).” 可知，前后存在转折对比关系，指除饼干外其他食物都很好；but/except均表示“除……之外”，符合语境。故填 but或except。 2. 句意：它们被烤得非常焦。根据“burned (烧焦的)” 可知，此处需要修饰动词burned，需用副词形式；bad为形容词，其副词形式为badly，用于强调烧焦的程度。故填badly。 3. 句意：我看着他开心地吃着饼干。根据“I watched him eat his biscuits”可知，此处需要修饰动词eat，需用副词形式；happy为形容词，其副词形式为happily，用来描述吃饼干时的状态。故填happily。 4. 句意：妈妈为烤焦了饼干而道歉。根据“My Mom said sorry”和“burning the biscuits”可知，此处是表达“为做某事而道歉”，固定搭配为“say sorry for doing sth.”，因此用介词for。故填for。 5. 句意：那天晚上晚些时候，在睡觉前，我问爸爸是否真的喜欢烤焦的饼干。根据“before”和“go to bed”可知，before 为介词，介词后接动词时需用其动名词形式；go的动名词形式为going。故填going。 6. 句意：他解释说妈妈一整天都在努力工作。根据“my Mom worked”和“all day”可知，此处需要修饰动词worked，hard 作副词时表示“努力地”，“work hard”为固定搭配，符合语境。故填hard。 7. 句意：就在那时我明白了他为什么告诉妈妈他喜欢吃烤焦的饼干。根据“He explained (解释道) that my Mom worked hard all day, and that she was quite tired by the time she cooked our dinner.”可知，爸爸的解释是作者明白其行为的原因，此处引导宾语从句，表“为什么”，需用连接词why。故填why。 8. 句意：每个人都有缺点，没有人能一直把所有事情都做对。根据“Everyone has faults.”可知，前句表明人人都有缺点，后句承接语义，指“没有人”能始终把所有事做好；nobody表示“没有人”，符合逻辑，句首首字母需大写。故填Nobody。 9. 句意：接受他人的缺点是建立良好关系的关键。根据“faults”可知，此处需要修饰名词faults，表“他人的”；others为代词，其所有格形式others’可表示“其他人的”，符合语境。故填others’。 10. 句意：接受他人的缺点是建立良好关系的关键。根据“key to building good relationships”可知，“the key to...”为固定搭配，表示“……的关键”，此处需用定冠词the表特指。故填 the。    Passage 8 请认真阅读下面短文，在设空处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Changsha, my hometown, always holds a special place in my heart. I have 1 (be) here since I was born. Every time I walk along the Xiang River, I see the Orange Isle (橘子洲头) shining 2 (peaceful) like a green pear. It has become one of my happiest 3 (memory). When I was younger, my parents often took me to Yuelu Mountain. We hiked to 4 top to watch the sunrise. The air smelled fresh and the morning light 5 (make) everything golden. I still remember 6 (eat) stinky tofu (臭豆腐) at Huangxing Road-it really smelled smelly but tasted tasty! It is unbelievable that our city has changed and progressed 7 such a rapid way! The government built new subways to make travel easier. And the 8 (rise) tall buildings make the city look modern and dynamic (有活力的). Although some old streets were rebuilt, their traditional parts were preserved (保留), creating a mix of the old 9 the new. For me, Changsha isn’t just a city. Whenever I return from a trip, I feel safer here than anywhere else. No place is 10 (good) than home, sweet home. Changsha is my home full of love! 【答案】 1. been 2. peacefully 3. memories 4. the 5. made 6. eating 7. in 8. rising 9. and 10. better 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者深情介绍了自己的家乡长沙，回忆了在湘江、橘子洲、岳麓山、黄兴路的美好回忆。 1. 句意：我从出生起就一直在这里。be意思是“是；存在”，为动词；since引导时间状语从句，主句要用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，be的过去分词是been。 2. 句意：每次我沿着湘江散步，我都看到橘子洲头像一只青梨一样平静地闪耀着。peaceful意思是“平静的”，为形容词；空格处修饰动词shining，需要用副词形式，peacefully意思是“平静地”。 3. 句意：它已经成为我最美好的回忆之一。memory意思是“回忆”，为可数名词；one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“最……之一”。 4. 句意：我们爬到山顶去看日出。the top是固定表达，意思是“山顶；顶端”，表示特指。 5. 句意：空气闻起来很清新，晨光把一切都染成了金色。make意思是“使；让”，为动词；全文讲述过去的经历，用一般过去时，make的过去式是made。 6. 句意：我还记得在黄兴路吃臭豆腐的事。eat意思是“吃”，为动词；remember doing sth.是固定搭配，意思是“记得做过某事”。 7. 句意：令人难以置信的是，我们的城市以如此快速的方式改变和发展。根据“…such a rapid way”可知，in such a rapid way是固定搭配，意思是“以如此快速的方式”。 8. 句意：拔地而起的高楼让这座城市看起来现代又有活力。rise意思是“升起”，为动词；空格处修饰名词buildings，需要用现在分词作定语，rising意思是“上升的；新兴的”。 9. 句意：虽然一些老街被重建，但它们的传统部分被保留下来，形成了新旧融合。the old and the new是固定表达，意思是“新旧事物”，and表示并列。 10. 句意：没有什么地方比家更好，温馨的家。good意思是“好的”，为形容词；than是比较级标志，good的比较级是better，意思是“更好的”。 Passage 9 阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。 Dear Peter, How’s everything going? I’m in Shenzhen, China right now. Although I have learnt something about China before, it is my 1 (one) time here. What I have experienced changed my opinion about this country. One morning, I 2 (plan) to go to a park by underground. When I walked into the station, I was surprised 3 (find) it was so clean and modern. When I got to the park, I saw many people doing tai chi, jogging and dancing 4 (happy). Everyone was enjoying 5 (them). At noon, I felt tired and hungry. Some useful apps made it convenient 6 me to live here. So I ordered food online. You know what? It was a drone that delivered my lunch! High technology has already 7 (be) a part of Chinese daily life. In the afternoon, I rode 8 shared electric scooter (共享电动车) around the city and wanted to choose some gifts. However, when I was going to pay, I found I had left my bag on the scooter. 9 I went back to look for it at once. It was still there! That’s amazing! Believe me, there is no place safer and 10 (convenient) than China. It is the best choice for your next trip. Yours, Tom 【答案】 1. first 2. planned 3. to find 4. happily 5. themselves 6. for 7. been 8. a 9. So/Then 10. more convenient 【导语】本文通过讲述作者在中国深圳的旅行经历，展现了中国在城市环境、科技应用和社会安全等方面的发展，表达了对中国的高度认可与推荐。 1. 句意：虽然我之前了解过一些关于中国的事情，但这是我第一次来这里。  表示 “第几次” 时，基数词one要变为序数词first，固定搭配为it is one’s first time (to do sth.)。 2. 句意：一天早上，我计划乘地铁去公园。故事发生在过去，描述过去发生的动作要用一般过去时，plan的过去式为 planned（双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ed）。 3. 句意：当我走进地铁站时，我惊讶地发现它非常干净和现代化。固定搭配be surprised to do sth. 表示 “惊讶地做某事”，因此用不定式to find。 4. 句意：到了公园后，我看到很多人在打太极、慢跑和快乐地跳舞。 修饰动词doing tai chi, jogging and dancing要用副词，happy的副词形式为happily。 5. 句意：每个人都玩得很开心。固定搭配enjoy oneself 表示 “玩得开心”，them对应的反身代词为themselves。 6. 句意：一些实用的应用程序让我在这里生活很方便。固定句型make it convenient for sb. to do sth. 表示 “使某人做某事很方便”，因此填介词for。 7. 句意：高科技已经成为中国人日常生活的一部分。has already是现在完成时结构，be动词的过去分词为been。 8. 句意：下午，我骑了一辆共享电动车在城市里转了转，想选些礼物。 shared electric scooter是可数名词单数，泛指 “一辆”，且shared以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词 a。 9. 句意：所以我立刻回去找它。上下文为因果或顺承关系，可用So（表因果，最贴切）或Then（表顺承）。 10. 句意：相信我，没有比中国更安全、更便利的地方了。than是比较级的标志，convenient是多音节形容词，其比较级为more convenient，与前面的safer并列。 Passage 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填上适当单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Xinghua is a modern city now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there are cars everywhere. Most people are used to travelling 3 business in their cars. It’s really convenient. Moreover, the government has turned parts of the city into beautiful parks. People often go to parks to relax themselves after a hard 4 (day)work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people threw rubbish everywhere. Waste was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with 5 (pollute). Now the government has managed 6 (improve) the environment. 7 people throw rubbish carelessly in public, they will be punished (惩罚). As a result, Xinghua is becoming more and more beautiful. People in the city are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a helping hand if someone is in need. Every year, 8 (thousand) of visitors come to the city. Daniel, a middle school student who is also kind and helpful often helps show the visitors around the city at weekends. He thinks his life is much 9 (interest) now. Many hands make light work. People in Xinghua believe that if they work together, they can surely make Xinghua 10 better place. 【答案】 1. have taken 2. live 3. on 4. day’s 5. pollution 6. to improve 7. If/When 8. thousands 9. more interesting 10. a 【导语】本文讲述了兴化近年来在生活条件、交通、环境、市民素质等方面发生的巨大变化。 1. 句意：在过去的几年里发生了巨大的变化，包括生活条件、交通、环境和人。“over the past few years”（在过去几年里）是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，“take place”（发生）没有被动语态，主语“Great changes”是复数，所以用“have taken”。故填have taken。 2. 句意：当地人过去住在旧房子里。“used to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“过去常常做某事”，所以这里用动词原形“live”。故填live。 3. 句意：大多数人习惯开车去出差。“on business”是固定短语，意思是“出差”。故填on 。 4. 句意：人们在一天辛苦的工作后经常去公园放松自己。这里表示“一天的工作”，用名词所有格形式“day’s”。故填day’s。 5. 句意：河里充满了污染物。“be filled with”后接名词，“pollute”的名词形式是“pollution”（污染；污染物）。故填pollution。 6. 句意：现在政府已经设法改善环境。“manage to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“设法做成某事”，所以用“to improve”。故填to improve。 7. 句意：如果/当人们在公共场所随意扔垃圾，他们将受到惩罚。根据“主将从现”原则，这里可以用“if”引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”；也可以用“when”引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。故填If/When。 8. 句意：每年，成千上万的游客来到这个城市。“thousands of”是固定短语，意为“成千上万的”。故填thousands。 9. 句意：他认为他现在的生活有趣得多。“much”修饰形容词比较级，“interesting”的比较级是“more interesting”。故填more interesting。 10. 句意：兴化人相信如果他们共同努力，他们一定能使兴化成为一个更好的地方。 这里泛指“一个更好的地方”，“better”发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 Passage 11 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake hit the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed thousands of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school. 1 , he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost 2 (break) down. And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging through the stones. As he was working in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all 3 (die)! Go home! It’s 4 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he just said, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 5 (stop). “There are big fires. You’re in great 6 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. You’d better 7 (go) home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 8 (quick). He kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 9 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 10 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Love can help us complete the most difficult work. 【答案】 1. However 2. broke 3. dead 4. impossible 5. to stop 6. danger 7. go 8. more quickly 9. shouting 10. themselves 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位父亲在地震中坚持不懈地寻找儿子的感人故事，展现了父爱的伟大力量。 1. 句意：然而，他悲伤地发现大楼已经倒塌。前后表示转折关系，虽然跑到学校，然而，发现学校大楼已经倒塌。空后有逗号，用表示转折关系的副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 2. 句意：这个男人几乎崩溃了。动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，空处填动词过去式作谓语。break“打破”，动词，过去式为broke。故填broke。 3. 句意：他们都死了！此处需用形容词作表语。die“死”，动词，形容词为dead“死的”。故填dead。 4. 句意：你不可能救他！此处需用形容词作表语，表示自己救人是不可能。possible“可能的”，形容词，impossible“不可能的”，符合语境。故填impossible。 5. 句意：消防员和警察也来了，告诉他停下来。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，空处填动词不定式。stop“停止”，动词，不定式为to stop。故填to stop。 6. 句意：你处于极大的危险中。空处位于形容词“great”后，填名词。dangerous“危险的”，形容词，名词为danger，不可数名词。故填danger。 7. 句意：你最好回家。had better do sth“最好做某事”，空处填动词原形。go“去”，动词。故填go。 8. 句意：他的手指伤得很重，但他挖得更快了。空处修饰动词“dug”，且“even”修饰比较级，空处填副词比较级。quick“快速的”，形容词，副词为quickly“快速地”，比较级为more quickly。故填more quickly。 9. 句意：然后，在第38小时，他拉开了一块大石头，听到他的儿子大喊救命。hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，指拉开大石头时正听到喊声。空处填动词现在分词。shout“大喊”，动词，现在分词为shouting。故填shouting。 10. 句意：他们对自己说：“对于一个慈爱的父亲来说，没有什么是太难的。”此句主语为“They”，宾语与主语身份相同，表示对他们自己说，空处填反身代词。they“他们”，主格，反身代词应themselves。故填themselves。 Passage 12 Mike is a landscape architect (景观设计师) from Europe. He came to Guangzhou 16 years ago and has never 1 (leave) since then. Mike says he likes Guangzhou very much 2 the city is full of life. He lives in a 3 (tradition) neighbourhood. Every day, he is happy to see his neighbours playing chess 4 the park, or dancing by the river. He thinks the beauty of a city 5 (lie) in both its environment and its people. Recently, Mike has 6 (develop) a habit of cycling around to explore the city at weekends. In fact, for him, city development is not about building something new, 7 about making use of what is already there in a creative way. As people get together at a car repair shop at night and give some 8 (show) of Yue opera, the shop turns into a community theatre. “It wasn’t designed to be one; it just became one,” Mike tells a 9 (report). “I came to realize that, as architects, we should design with people 10 (keep) a city alive.” 【答案】 1. left 2. because 3. traditional 4. in 5. lies 6. developed 7. but 8. shows 9. reporter 10. to keep 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自欧洲的景观设计师迈克16年前来到广州后便定居于此，文章阐述了他对广州的喜爱，以及他作为景观设计师对城市发展与建筑设计的独到见解。 1. 句意：他16年前来到广州，从那以后就再也没有离开过。根据“has never...(leave) since then”可知，句子是现在完成时“has done”，空处应是过去分词。 2. 句意：迈克说他非常喜欢广州，因为这座城市充满活力。空格前是结果“喜欢广州”，空格后是喜欢的原因，需要用原因连词because连接。 3. 句意：他住在一个传统社区里。空处需要形容词修饰名词neighbourhood，tradition的形容词形式为traditional。 4. 句意：每天他都很高兴看到邻居们在公园下棋，或是在河边跳舞。表示“在公园内部”，用介词in。 5. 句意：他认为城市的美在于它的环境和人。句子为一般现在时，宾语从句的主语“beauty”是不可数名词，谓语动词要用三单形式。 6. 句意：最近，迈克养成了一个习惯，那就是周末骑自行车四处逛逛，去探索这座城市。本句时态为现在完成时，结构为“has done”，空处应是过去分词。 7. 句意：事实上对他来说，城市发展不是建造新的东西，而是用创造性的方式利用已经存在的资源。固定搭配not...but...表示“不是……而是……”，符合此处语境。 8. 句意：人们晚上聚集在汽修店表演粤剧，这个店就变成了社区剧场。空格前有some修饰，可数名词show“演出”要用复数形式shows。 9. 句意：迈克对一名记者说：“它本来没被设计成剧场，只是自然变成了剧场”。此处应是迈克对一名记者说的话，a后接名词单数reporter“记者”。 10. 句意：我逐渐意识到，作为建筑师，我们应该和人们一起做设计，来保持城市的活力。此处表示设计行为的目的，需要用动词不定式作目的状语。 Passage 13 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hi, my young friends! I am Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. I was born in 1899. My 1 (builder) was Zhan Tianyou, a brave and smart man. He believed China should build its own railway. Other countries told him that it was impossible. At first, trains 2 (use) steam engines. Then, the trains 3 (start) to use electric ones. Later, there were even bullet trains. At last, it took 4 (thousand) of years to finish the trip. In 2019, the new high-speed railway opened from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. During the 2022 Winter Olympics, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway 5 (take) people from around the world to the city. The railway played an important role. Although I am old, I 6 (keep) working these days. People all over the world see me as part of history. China 7 (can) be proud of me. And Zhan Tianyou can be proud, too. I 8 (become) a symbol of China’s development. Many people come to visit me every year. I hope 9 keep working for many more years. I 10 never forget my story. 【答案】 1. builder 2. used 3. started 4. thousands 5. took 6. have kept 7. can 8. have become 9. to 10. will 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以京张铁路的第一人称视角，讲述了该铁路从建造至今的发展历程，展现了中国铁路事业的发展与中国的进步变迁。 1. 句意：我的建造者是詹天佑，一个勇敢聪慧的人。 此处作主语，was提示主语是单数名词，且“建造者”符合语境，需名词builder。 2. 句意：起初，火车使用蒸汽机。本句描述过去的情况，用一般过去，谓语动词用过去式used“使用”。 3. 句意：之后，火车开始使用电力机车。本句描述铁路发展历程中的过去事件，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式started“开始”。 4. 句意：最终，历经数千年才完成了这一发展旅程。thousands of是固定搭配，意为“数千的”。 5. 句意：2022年冬奥会期间，京张高铁载着来自世界各地的人们前往举办城市。本句描述发生在2022年的过去事件，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式took。 6. 句意：虽然我年岁已久，这些天我依然在坚持工作。根据时间状语these days，可知动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语为I，助动词用have，keep的过去分词为kept。 7. 句意：中国可以为我骄傲。本句描述现在的客观情况，情态动词can保持原形。 8. 句意：我已经成为中国发展的一个象征。此处表示过去的发展对现在造成的影响，即我现在已经是发展象征，用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语为I，助动词用have，动词become的过去分词为become。 9. 句意：我希望能再工作很多年。hope to do sth是固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”。 10. 句意：我永远不会忘记我的故事。此处表达说话者的意愿和将来的状态，用一般将来时will do结构。 Passage 14 请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Haimen is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of the town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with waste. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished (处罚). People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. 【答案】 1. have taken 2. live 3. southern 4. on 5. themselves 6. dropped 7. factories 8. carelessly 9. to help 10. more meaningful 【导语】本文主要介绍了海门这个现代城镇在过去几年里发生的巨大变化，涵盖了居住条件、交通、环境以及人们素质的提升。 1. 句意：在过去几年里，这里发生了巨大的变化，涵盖居住条件、交通、环境和人们的生活状态。根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+done”。主语“Great changes”是复数，助动词用have。take place是不及物动词短语，无被动语态。故填have taken。 2. 句意：当地人过去住在老旧的房子里。根据“Local people used to…”可知，此处是固定短语used to do sth.，意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形。故填live。 3. 句意：现在他们中的大多数人已经搬进了新公寓，城镇的南部还建有一座高铁站。根据“in the…part of the town”可知，空处修饰名词part，south是名词，其形容词形式为southern，意为“南部的”。故填southern。 4. 句意：大多数人习惯乘坐高铁出差。根据“travelling…business”可知，此处是固定短语on business，意为“出差”。故填on。 5. 句意：人们在辛苦工作一天后，常常去那里放松身心。根据“People often go there to relax…”可知，主语people与宾语指代同一对象，应用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。 6. 句意：过去，人们随地乱扔垃圾。根据“In the past, people…”可知，句子描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。drop的过去式是dropped。故填dropped。 7. 句意：工厂的废弃物被排入河流。根据“Waste from…”可知，from是介词，后接名词。此处表示泛指的工厂，应用factory的复数形式factories。故填factories。 8. 句意：如果有人在公共场合随意乱扔垃圾，就会受到处罚。根据“If people drop litter…in public, they will be punished (处罚).”可知，如果有人在公共场合随意乱扔垃圾，就会受到处罚。空处修饰动词短语drop litter，应用副词。care是名词或动词，其副词为carelessly，意为“粗心地”，符合语境。故填carelessly。 9. 句意：他和同学们经常讨论如何帮助有需要的人。根据“discuss how…people in need”可知，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，表示讨论如何帮助有需要的人。故填to help。 10. 句意：他觉得自己的生活现在变得更有意义了。根据“much…now”可知，much修饰形容词比较级。mean的形容词形式为meaningful，比较级为more meaningful。故填more meaningful。 Passage 15 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填上适当单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空, 使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词, 没有给出单词的空格限一词。 I joined a band (乐队) as a drummer in my middle school. I thought I would have fun playing the drums and meeting new friends. At first, it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. I was 1 only one who couldn’t keep pace (节奏) with the other players. Our teacher, Angie, singled me out (把我单独挑出来) to keep practicing 2 everyone else got to relax. I felt ashamed as my teammates watched me fail so many times. Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn’t care about doing it right. “Are you giving up on me, Steve?” Angie asked. “Yes, I am,” I shouted. Angie sent me inside the music room, where I cried out. Then she came in and said, “Don’t be sad. I believe you can make it!” She told me never to give up. She left me alone and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was also giving up on the team and 3 (me). With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. However, I still couldn’t play well. Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours 4 (practice) with me every week. Thanks to their help, I began to keep pace with them. I played much 5   (good) than before. Later, we performed 6 (wonderful) in an important show. In the past whole process (过程), I 7   (teach) a lesson. Although (尽管) we each had our own job to do in a show, we would all work together 8 (make) the show great. I felt accepted and understood the 9 (important) of teamwork. I couldn’t imagine what my school life would be like 10 them. I loved everyone in the band. (注: give up on: 对……绝望) 【答案】 1. the 2. while 3. myself 4. practicing 5. better 6. wonderfully 7. was taught 8. to make 9. importance 10. without 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者克服困难的过程。 1. 句意：我是唯一一个跟不上其他队员节奏的人。根据“I was...only one who couldn’t keep pace (节奏) with the other players.”可知，此处表示作者是唯一跟不上节奏的。“the only one”表示特指的唯一一个。故填the。 2. 句意：当其他人休息的时候，我们的老师Angie把我单独挑出来一直练习。根据“Our teacher, Angie, singled me out (把我单独挑出来) to keep practicing...everyone else got to relax.”可知，此处强调我继续练习和其他人休息的对比，while“然而；当…… 时（表对比）”之意，故填while。 3. 句意：我同时也是放弃团队和自己。根据“I was also giving up on the team and...”及提示词可知，此处需要使用反身代词，表示放弃我自己。me“我”，人称代词宾格，反身代词为myself。故填myself。 4. 句意：他们每周还多花大约三个小时和我一起练习。根据“They spent about three more hours...with me every week.”及提示词可知，此处考查固定搭配：spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，practice“练习”，动名词形式为practicing。故填practicing。 5. 句意：我比以前演奏得好太多。根据“play”及提示词可知，此处应用副词修饰，结合“much”和“than”可知，此处需要使用副词比较级，good的副词形式为well，其比较级为better。故填better。 6. 句意：后来，我们在一场重要的演出中表现得非常精彩。根据“performed”及提示词可知，此处需要使用副词修饰。wonderful“精彩的”，副词为wonderfully。故填wonderfully。 7. 句意：在过去的整个过程中，我被教会一个道理。根据“I...a lesson.”及提示词可知，I和teach是被动关系，结合上下文可知，时态为一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态was taught。故填was taught。 8. 句意：尽管在一场演出中我们每个人都有各自的工作要做，但我们都会齐心协力让演出成功。根据“we would all work together...the show great.”及提示词可知，此处表示我们齐心协力的目的是为了让演出成功，用动词不定式表目的。故填to make。 9. 句意：我感到自己被接纳了，并且明白了团队合作的重要性。根据“I felt accepted and understood the...of teamwork.”可知，此处考查固定结构：the+n.+of“……的”。important“重要的”，形容词，名词为importance。故填importance。 10. 句意：我无法想象没有他们，我的学校生活将会是怎样的。根据“I couldn’t imagine what my school life would be like...them.”可知，此处表示没有他们，无法想象校园生活会是什么样子。without“没有”，符合语境。故填without。 20 / 20乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前语法精练 专题J815语法填空 单元话题特训（新教材译林版） Unit 1 Past and present 过去与现在 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 初阶练手 进阶提升 能力突破 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号里单词的正确形式。 My name is Simon. I live in a small town near Nanjing. The town 1 (change) a lot over the years. When I was a child, there 2 (be) only a few small shops. Now, there 3 (be) a big shopping mall and a modern cinema. People 4 (build) a new hospital last year. I 5 (know) my best friend, Mike, since we were five years old. We often play together. He 6 just 7 (move) to a new flat with his family. It is much bigger than the old one. The government 8 (do) a lot to improve our life. The streets are 9 (clean) than before. I love my hometown and I believe it 10 (become) better and better in the future. Passage 2 It’s Day 45 of our adventure to the South Pole. This is one of the most difficult days I’ve ever had. However, we keep 1 (walk) against the wind and snow to get to the South Pole. This journey has been special even though at times it 2 (feel) like it is never going to end. First, it’s not easy to move over the white snow and ice that feels like an ocean. Sometimes it’s white everywhere and it’s hard to see more than a few 3 (meter) ahead because of storms. Whenever I almost give 4 , I try to think of how Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary overcame (战胜) their difficulties more than 80 years ago. Another challenge of the jourrney is 5 (prepare) food. For example, we have to eat any hot food fast since it gets cold 6 (quick). Sometimes, we just have some sweets and nuts 7 there’s no time to stop for a proper meal. We’ve always made sure that we eat the right food so that we can continue our journey with enough energy. I think the 8 (hard) part is to protect our feet. It would be bad if we couldn’t get to the pole because of accidents. Our team doctor has always helped us and has 9 (keep) us in good shape. This adventure has taught us that we need to challenge 10 (we) before we can succeed. It will feel wonderful to be finally standing at the South Pole. Passage 3 Wuying, a Miao village, has 1 (see) great changes over the past 10 years. Six years ago, the local officials (官员) joined 2 (village) in a tree-planting activity to celebrate the Tree-Planting Day. Now, we can see 3 (row) of fruit trees in the village. People can make a 4 (live) by growing fruit and the environment in the village has also improved. In the past, girls in the village usually 5 (help) with farming instead of going to school. 6 , in March 2020, the government started night school programmes to teach women Mandarin (普通话). As Liang Zuying, aged 48, said, women of different ages here can get education now. Liang has helped with housework and farming 7 she was 7 years old. Her dream of 8 (get) education came true at the evening classes. Pan Muzhi, 9 teacher at the night school, is happy to see the students. “They have a strong drive to learn. Even after a long and 10 (tired) day of work, they still want to be here,” said Pan. Passage 4 Haimen is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with waste. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished (处罚，惩罚). People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Haimen believe that if they work together, they can surely make Haimen a better place. Passage 5 On September 3, our country 1 (hold) a grand military parade to mark a historic moment—the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. As a 2 (teenage), I sat in front of the television, full of excitement and curiosity. At first, I didn’t fully understand the deep meaning behind the parade. But when I saw the soldiers marching in neat lines, I felt 3 strong sense of pride. They walked at the same 4 (high) and moved together perfectly. It wasn’t just about showing strength—it was about remembering the past and honoring those who 5 (fight) for peace. I also learned that many young soldiers spent years training 6 (improve) their skills. Some even learned 7 (France) and other languages to communicate with people from other countries. This helps develop the friendship 8 different countries. Now, I truly see the importance of peace and working together. I look forward to 9 (make) a contribution to our country’s development when I grow up. As young students, we should continue to learn and grow, 10 that we can help make the world a better place. Passage 6 Last summer, I decided to travel to a quiet village in the green mountains. My friend Lisa 1 (guide) me to find the beautiful places. On our first morning, we set off early. Soon we found 2 old house with tall trees around it. A villager told us, “Follow the narrow path beside the river, 3 you’ll find a lake like a bright mirror.” We walked slowly, enjoying the fresh air and 4 (complete) forgetting the busy city life. To our surprise, the lake’s water was much 5 (clear) than we thought—we could see the small stones at the bottom. The villager told us the stones near the lake were dangerous, so we stayed safe by 6 (walk) carefully. Nearby, groups of 7 (tourist) from the city were talking and laughing by the water. We took out paper and pencils 8 (paint) the lovely views. It was really an amazing trip. Away from the busy city, we lost 9 (we) in the peace, feeling so calm and happy. When the night came, we fell asleep 10 sweet dreams in camps. Passage 7 Sometimes, my Mom likes to cook breakfast food for dinner. I remember one night when she made pancakes, sausage and biscuits (饼干). All of the food was great 1 the biscuits. They were very 2 (bad) burned (烧焦的). They looked like pieces of black charcoal (木炭). But my Dad didn’t seem to mind. I watched him eat his biscuits 3 (happy), not seeming to care if they tasted bad. My Mom said sorry 4 burning the biscuits, but Dad said, “You know, I like eating burned biscuits every once in a while!” Later that night, before 5 (go) to bed, I asked my Dad if he really liked burned biscuits. He explained (解释道) that my Mom worked 6 (hard) all day, and that she was quite tired by the time she cooked our dinner. It was then that I understood 7 he told Mom that he liked eating the burned biscuits. Everyone has faults. 8 can do everything right all the time. Accepting 9 (other) faults is 10 key to building good relationships. If we do so, we will enjoy true love and understanding. Passage 8 请认真阅读下面短文，在设空处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Changsha, my hometown, always holds a special place in my heart. I have 1 (be) here since I was born. Every time I walk along the Xiang River, I see the Orange Isle (橘子洲头) shining 2 (peaceful) like a green pear. It has become one of my happiest 3 (memory). When I was younger, my parents often took me to Yuelu Mountain. We hiked to 4 top to watch the sunrise. The air smelled fresh and the morning light 5 (make) everything golden. I still remember 6 (eat) stinky tofu (臭豆腐) at Huangxing Road-it really smelled smelly but tasted tasty! It is unbelievable that our city has changed and progressed 7 such a rapid way! The government built new subways to make travel easier. And the 8 (rise) tall buildings make the city look modern and dynamic (有活力的). Although some old streets were rebuilt, their traditional parts were preserved (保留), creating a mix of the old 9 the new. For me, Changsha isn’t just a city. Whenever I return from a trip, I feel safer here than anywhere else. No place is 10 (good) than home, sweet home. Changsha is my home full of love! Passage 9 阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。 Dear Peter, How’s everything going? I’m in Shenzhen, China right now. Although I have learnt something about China before, it is my 1 (one) time here. What I have experienced changed my opinion about this country. One morning, I 2 (plan) to go to a park by underground. When I walked into the station, I was surprised 3 (find) it was so clean and modern. When I got to the park, I saw many people doing tai chi, jogging and dancing 4 (happy). Everyone was enjoying 5 (them). At noon, I felt tired and hungry. Some useful apps made it convenient 6 me to live here. So I ordered food online. You know what? It was a drone that delivered my lunch! High technology has already 7 (be) a part of Chinese daily life. In the afternoon, I rode 8 shared electric scooter (共享电动车) around the city and wanted to choose some gifts. However, when I was going to pay, I found I had left my bag on the scooter. 9 I went back to look for it at once. It was still there! That’s amazing! Believe me, there is no place safer and 10 (convenient) than China. It is the best choice for your next trip. Yours, Tom Passage 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填上适当单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Xinghua is a modern city now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there are cars everywhere. Most people are used to travelling 3 business in their cars. It’s really convenient. Moreover, the government has turned parts of the city into beautiful parks. People often go to parks to relax themselves after a hard 4 (day)work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people threw rubbish everywhere. Waste was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with 5 (pollute). Now the government has managed 6 (improve) the environment. 7 people throw rubbish carelessly in public, they will be punished (惩罚). As a result, Xinghua is becoming more and more beautiful. People in the city are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a helping hand if someone is in need. Every year, 8 (thousand) of visitors come to the city. Daniel, a middle school student who is also kind and helpful often helps show the visitors around the city at weekends. He thinks his life is much 9 (interest) now. Many hands make light work. People in Xinghua believe that if they work together, they can surely make Xinghua 10 better place. Passage 11 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake hit the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed thousands of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school. 1 , he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost 2 (break) down. And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging through the stones. As he was working in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all 3 (die)! Go home! It’s 4 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he just said, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 5 (stop). “There are big fires. You’re in great 6 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. You’d better 7 (go) home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 8 (quick). He kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 9 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 10 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Love can help us complete the most difficult work. Passage 12 Mike is a landscape architect (景观设计师) from Europe. He came to Guangzhou 16 years ago and has never 1 (leave) since then. Mike says he likes Guangzhou very much 2 the city is full of life. He lives in a 3 (tradition) neighbourhood. Every day, he is happy to see his neighbours playing chess 4 the park, or dancing by the river. He thinks the beauty of a city 5 (lie) in both its environment and its people. Recently, Mike has 6 (develop) a habit of cycling around to explore the city at weekends. In fact, for him, city development is not about building something new, 7 about making use of what is already there in a creative way. As people get together at a car repair shop at night and give some 8 (show) of Yue opera, the shop turns into a community theatre. “It wasn’t designed to be one; it just became one,” Mike tells a 9 (report). “I came to realize that, as architects, we should design with people 10 (keep) a city alive.” Passage 13 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hi, my young friends! I am Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. I was born in 1899. My 1 (builder) was Zhan Tianyou, a brave and smart man. He believed China should build its own railway. Other countries told him that it was impossible. At first, trains 2 (use) steam engines. Then, the trains 3 (start) to use electric ones. Later, there were even bullet trains. At last, it took 4 (thousand) of years to finish the trip. In 2019, the new high-speed railway opened from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. During the 2022 Winter Olympics, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway 5 (take) people from around the world to the city. The railway played an important role. Although I am old, I 6 (keep) working these days. People all over the world see me as part of history. China 7 (can) be proud of me. And Zhan Tianyou can be proud, too. I 8 (become) a symbol of China’s development. Many people come to visit me every year. I hope 9 keep working for many more years. I 10 never forget my story. Passage 14 请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Haimen is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of the town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with waste. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished (处罚). People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. Passage 15 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填上适当单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空, 使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词, 没有给出单词的空格限一词。 I joined a band (乐队) as a drummer in my middle school. I thought I would have fun playing the drums and meeting new friends. At first, it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. I was 1 only one who couldn’t keep pace (节奏) with the other players. Our teacher, Angie, singled me out (把我单独挑出来) to keep practicing 2 everyone else got to relax. I felt ashamed as my teammates watched me fail so many times. Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn’t care about doing it right. “Are you giving up on me, Steve?” Angie asked. “Yes, I am,” I shouted. Angie sent me inside the music room, where I cried out. Then she came in and said, “Don’t be sad. I believe you can make it!” She told me never to give up. She left me alone and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was also giving up on the team and 3 (me). With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. However, I still couldn’t play well. Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours 4 (practice) with me every week. Thanks to their help, I began to keep pace with them. I played much 5   (good) than before. Later, we performed 6 (wonderful) in an important show. In the past whole process (过程), I 7   (teach) a lesson. Although (尽管) we each had our own job to do in a show, we would all work together 8 (make) the show great. I felt accepted and understood the 9 (important) of teamwork. I couldn’t imagine what my school life would be like 10 them. I loved everyone in the band. (注: give up on: 对……绝望) 8 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $