专题 J812 Unit 1 Past and present 阅读理解-【题型易-必考题型精练】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语 话题中心题型梯度特训-译林版

考前语法精练 专题J812阅读理解 单元话题特训（新教材译林版） Unit 1 Past and present 过去与现在 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 初阶练手 进阶提升 能力突破 Passage 1 NOTICEBOARD THE COMPETITION (比赛) IS ON THE WAY!The theme (主题) is “Changes in My Hometown”. If you are a middle school student and interested in this competition, please pay attention to the information carefully. ►To take part in the competition, you need to sign up on www.cszx.cn, which is open from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.on July 1st. ►The poster competition will end at 6:00 p.m. on July 15th. Please send your works to the following email address before the time: changsha@school.com. ►The work MUST be connected with the changes in your hometown. ►PS. There are also other matches in the competition, including showing the changes of you and your hometown in the form of short videos and explaining (解释) the key points of your poster. We will score your works according to the content (内容). ►If you have any questions, please call us at 999-333-000. 1. Who can join in the competition according to the text? A．Li Hui, who is a 14-year-old student. B．Gao Na, who is a teacher in a middle school. C．Zhang Qi, who is a student from Grade 5. D．Wang Meng, who is going to the university next month. 2. How long is the website open on July 1st? A．For 7 hours. B．For 8 hours. C．For 9 hours. D．For 10 hours. 3. Which of the following forms is OK for the competition? A．Videos. B．Photos. C．Novels. D．Songs. 4. What is the main focus of the poster competition? A．Showing deep love for your hometown. B．Introducing food of your hometown. C．Describing the past environment in your hometown. D．Comparing (比较) the past with the present of your hometown. Passage 2 Green Hill Village was a quiet place ten years ago. Most villagers made a living by growing rice and vegetables. The roads were narrow and muddy, and there were only a few small houses. There was no guest house or tourism, so few visitors came here. In 2018, the government started to improve the village. They built wide and clean roads, and many villagers moved into new houses. A small guest house was opened to welcome tourists. The village also started to develop tourism, and visitors came to enjoy the beautiful countryside and fresh air. Today, Green Hill Village is a popular tourist spot. Many villagers now work as tour guides or run small shops. The lives of the villagers are better than before, and they feel hopeful about the future. 1. What was Green Hill Village like ten years ago? A．A busy tourist spot B．A quiet village C．A modern town D．A big city 2. When did the government start to improve the village? A．In 2010 B．In 2015 C．In 2018 D．In 2020 3. What do many villagers do for a living now? A．Grow rice and vegetables B．Work as tour guides or run shops C．Build roads and houses D．Work in factories 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．The roads are still narrow and muddy now. B．There was a guest house in the village ten years ago. C．Tourism has developed rapidly in Green Hill Village. D．No visitors come to the village now. Passage 3 I’m a Chinese student. I am very proud of China and I’d love to do something for the development of my country. When I finish my education in Canada, I will go back to China, so I can give something back to the country. I’m a Chinese student in America. My hometown used to be very poor. But it has changed a lot. As more and more tourists come to visit my hometown, many people here live a better life and have their own cars now. I’m very pleased with these moves. I spent two years in Beijing as a student in the late 2000s and I recently went back there for a holiday. I couldn’t believe that so many changes took place in such a short time. I respect Chinese people for their strong family values and deep sense of duty. I believe our country will become more prosperous (繁荣的). There is still a long way to go. There are many challenges and difficulties ahead, but I’m sure we can make it if we work together. 1. Who is not Chinese? A．Jackson. B．Susan. C．Zhou Li. D．Carmon. 2. What has helped improve people’s life in Zhou Li’s hometown? A．The help from other cities. B．The development of tourism. C．More car factories. D．The rich natural resources (资源). 3. What’s Susan’s feeling about China’s future? A．Unsure. B．Happy. C．Worried. D．Hopeful. 4. Where can we read this passage? A．In the newspaper. B．On a website. C．In a guide book. D．On the noticeboard. Passage 4 Over the past fifty years, my hometown has changed a lot. In the past, there were only muddy roads and very few cars. People mostly walked or rode bicycles to get around. Now the roads are much wider and far busier than before, filled with cars, buses, and motorcycles day and night. The buildings have also changed. Fifty years ago, most buildings were short, simple, and made of brick or wood. Today, they are much taller and more modern, with glass and steel structures everywhere. The environment (环境) has changed too. The air was fresher and cleaner before, but now it is more polluted because of the growing number of factories and cars. However, people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier. There are also more fun and convenient places now. We have a huge new shopping mall which is larger, brighter, and more exciting than the old market. Young people think life is more interesting and convenient now because there are more activities and things to do. But some old people still remember the past and say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then. 1. In the third paragraph, the underlined word “polluted” means ________. A．fresh and clean B．dirty and harmful C．modern and convenient D．simple and peaceful 2. Why do some old people prefer life in the past? A．Because there were more shopping malls. B．Because the air was cleaner and life was quieter. C．Because there were more factories and cars. D．Because buildings were taller and more modern. 3. What are people doing to improve the environment now? A．Building more factories. B．Making roads wider. C．Planting more trees and building parks. D．Driving more cars. 4. What is the main idea of this passage? A．The hometown has not changed at all. B．The changes have only brought problems. C．The hometown has changed with both good and bad sides. D．Only young people like the changes. Passage 5 My name is Tom. I was born in a small town in 2008. I have lived here for 18 years, and I have seen great changes in my town over the years. When I was a child, the town was very quiet. There were no tall buildings. The main street was narrow, and there were only a few small shops. People used to go to work by bike or on foot. There was a small park in the centre of the town, and it was the only place for children to play. We often played games there after school. But now, the town has changed a lot. Many tall buildings have been built along the main street. There are many big shops, supermarkets and restaurants. The roads are wide and clean, and there are many cars and buses. People can go to work by car, bus or subway. A new big park has been built, and it has a playground, a lake and many trees. Children can play there happily. My family has also changed. We used to live in a small house, but now we live in a big apartment. My father used to work in a small factory, but now he works in a big company. My mother used to stay at home, but now she works as a teacher in a primary school. I love my town’s changes. They make our life better and more convenient. I am proud of my town and hope it will become more beautiful. 1. How long has Tom lived in the small town? A．For 10 years. B．For 18 years. C．For 20 years. D．For 28 years. 2. What was the main street like when Tom was a child? A．Wide and clean. B．Narrow. C．Narrow and clean. D．Wide and dirty. 3. What did Tom often do after school when he was a child? A．Play games in the small park. B．Go shopping with his mother. C．Do homework at home. D．Ride a bike on the street. 4. Which of the following is NOT a change in Tom’s family? A．They moved to a big apartment. B．Tom’s father works in a big company now. C．Tom’s mother is a teacher now. D．Tom’s family has a new car. Passage 6 After a long week at work, I could finally go to the beach by myself. It was a lovely time to watch families come and go for a warm weekend here in California. After a few hours, I noticed a little girl playing by herself. It looked like she built a sandcastle and was now trying to fill it with water. The sandcastle looked beautiful in the summer sunshine.     Unluckily, there was no container around to carry water. She would go to the waves, cup her hands and then walk back to her little castle. Sadly, not much of the water was kept in her hands every time she returned to the castle. But she kept trying and was still smiling and hopeful. So I wished I could help her out. As I was standing there watching her, I suddenly realized I had a bottle of water in my bag. I quickly took it out and walked over to give it to her. Uncertain of what to do first, she shook her head shyly, saying no. I reassured (安慰) her it would make getting the water faster. She smiled widely and finally took it. Not wanting her to feel uncomfortable, I walked off the beach right away. Looking back at her running to the sea with the same big smile, I knew when she noticed someone needed help in her life, she would recall (回忆起) this little act of kindness from a stranger. And then a gentle world would be around her. 1. What was the weather like? A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Cloudy. D．Snowy. 2. What might the underlined word “container” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A． B． C． D． 3. Which of the following can best describe how the little girl’s feelings changed? A．Excited→Sad→Nervous B．Nervous→Hopeful→Surprised C．Cheerful→Shy→Happy D．Helpless→Happy→Uncomfortable 4. What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．A beach vacation helps us relax. B．Spending more time alone is good. C．Kids should not play outside alone. D．A small act of kindness can make a better world. Passage 7 Once there was a piano player in a bar. People came just to hear him play. But one night, a lady asked him to sing a song. “I don’t sing.” said the man. But the lady told the waiter, “I’m tired of listening to the piano. I want the player to sing!” The waiter shouted across the room, “Hey, friend! If you want to get paid, sing a song!” So he did. He had never sung in public before. Now he was singing for the very first time! Nobody had ever heard the song Mona Lisa sung so beautifully! He had talent (天赋) that he was sitting on! He may have lived the rest of his life as a no-name piano player in a no-name bar. But once he found, by accident, that he could sing well, he went on working hard and became one of the best-known singers in the US. His name was Nat King Cole. You, too, have skills, abilities and talent. You may not find it or feel your talent is little, but it may be greater than you think. With hard work, most skills can be improved. However, you may have no success at all, if you just sit on your talent. 1. The lady asked the player to sing a song because _________. A．she had paid him for this B．she knew him very well C．she wanted to have a change D．she enjoyed his singing 2. Nat King Cole succeeded because _________. A．the lady helped him a lot B．he took the chance (机会) C．he continued to play in the bar D．he stopped playing the piano 3. The phrase “sit on” in the passage probably means _________. A．fail to realize B．stay up C．try to develop D．manage to show 4. Which could be the best title for the passage? A．Sing in the Bar B．Become Successful in Life C．Never Lose Heart D．Find Your Hidden Talent Passage 8 Mary was waiting for the airplane to take off. She was happy to get a seat by herself. Just then, an air hostess came up to her and asked, “Would you mind changing your seat? A man would like to sit with his wife.” The only left seat was next to a girl with her arms broken, a black-and-blue face, and a sad expression. “I don’t want to sit there,” Mary thought immediately. But a soft voice spoke, “She needs help.” Finally, Mary moved to that seat. The girl was named Emily. She had been in a car accident and now was on her way for treatment. When the snack and juice arrived, Mary realized that Emily could not feed herself. Mary considered offering to feed her but hesitated (犹豫), as it seemed too impolite to offer a service to a stranger. But then Mary realized that Emily’s need was more important. Mary offered to help her eat. Although Emily was uncomfortable to accept, she agreed. They became closer and closer in a short time. By the end of the five-hour trip, Mary’s heart had warmed, and the time was really better spent than if she had just sat by herself. Mary was very glad that she had sat next to Emily and fed her. Love sometimes goes beyond human borders (边界) and removes the fears that keep people away. When we reach our hands to serve another, we grow to live in a better world. 1. What did the air hostess ask Mary to do? A．To ask for help. B．To treat Emily. C．To change her seat. D．To help Emily eat. 2. Why did Emily have a sad expression at the beginning? A．She lost her job. B．She suffered from a car accident. C．She met a stranger. D．She disliked the air hostess. 3. What do the underlined words “she agreed” mean? A．Emily agreed that Mary would help her eat. B．Emily agreed that she would sit next to Mary. C．Emily agreed that Mary would change her seat. D．Emily agreed that she would receive her treatment. 4. What is the best title for this passage? A．Flying With Strangers B．Changing Seats C．Learning To Forgive D．Passing Your Love On Passage 9 A loud noise wakes Jan up suddenly. She looks at the alarm clock beside the bed. It’s five o’clock. Then she hears the noise again. It’s thunder. Then she hears a different noise. It’s the sound of something hitting the window. She gets up and goes to the window. She can see Tom standing outside in the rain. He’s shouting at Jan to tell her to come outside. Jan gets dressed, puts on her jacket and goes downstairs quietly, trying not to wake Tom’s parents up. “What are you doing, Tom?” “The storm!” he says, “It’s the same storm as Thursday night’s. Let’s go to the tree. Maybe you can go home!” Jan follows Tom down the road and then she remembers something. “The time capsule (胶囊)!” Tom shows her the biscuit tin under his jacket. “I’ve got it.” And now there’s the possibility that she can return to the future. Soon they come to the river and then the old building. They run up the path through the trees and arrive at the piece of land with the apple tree. “Now what do we do?” asks Jan. “I put the time capsule back where I found it and...” “And I go home. ” “Yes. ” Tom uses his hands to dig a hole by the tree. He buries the time capsule and then stands up. Jan suddenly thinks of something. “Tom! I want to give you something from the time capsule.” “No. I don’t want anything. It’s more important for you to go home.” Jan feels sad that Tom doesn’t want anything to remember her. But he’s right. The important thing is to get home. “I’m never going to forget you, Tom. Thanks. You’re a real friend.” “Bye, Jan. Look for me in the future. Promise (承诺)?” “I promise.” Then he turns and runs back to the trees. Jan watches his shadow disappear into the trees. 1. The underlined word “possibility” means “________”. A．decision B．success C．chance D．discussion 2. What does the underlined part mean in the passage? A．Tom wants Jan to forget him. B．Tom doesn’t want Jan to go home. C．Tom wants Jan to go home as soon as possible. D．Tom advises Jan to take him to her home in the future. 3. If Jan wants to go home, which of the following is necessary? a. The jacket. b.The apple tree. c. The time capsule. d. The thunderstorm. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 4. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Jan digs a hole by the tree by herself. B．Jan gives Tom something to remember her. C．Jan lives in Tom’s home before she goes back home. D．Jan and Tom haven’t seen each other for a long time. Passage 10 It was a summer day when I was about 13. Dad took me to visit the Shanghai Natural History Museum. Back then, it was in an old building on Yan’an Road. Dad used to work at a seafood processing factory. As we walked past the fish specimens, he was excited to share his knowledge. “This fish sells fast,” he told me. “It tastes great.” The other visitors turned to stare (盯着) at us as we walked on. But when we were back in the hall to see the dinosaurs carefully, Dad was silent. Clearly, these giants couldn’t be eaten. (If they were still alive, we might be on their menu!) The star exhibit was a Mamenchisaurus (马门溪龙). It stood 22 meters tall and held its long neck high. I couldn’t take my eyes off it. Many questions raced through my mind: What did it do all day? How much did it eat? What was our planet like when it was alive? And why did it—and all the other dinosaurs—disappear? In 2015, the Natural History Museum moved to Jing’an. To celebrate the tenth birthday of its new home, it’s hosting a special dinosaur exhibition where you can see a Mamenchisaurus. But it’s a little different from the one I saw in the old museum. Over time, scientists have learned more about these dinosaurs. Now they believe they couldn’t hold up their long necks very high. There are still many unknowns about these ancient animals. We keep guessing and piecing together the puzzle. As we learn about their world, we also learn more about our own. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for about 165 million years. Will humans ever break this record? 1. The other visitors stared at the author and his father because ________. A．the author asked many interesting questions B．the father knew a lot about the Mamenchisaurus C．the father made strange comments about the fish D．the author looked at the Mamenchisaurus for a long time 2. When he looked at the Mamenchisaurus, the author probably felt ________. A．bored and tired B．proud and excited C．curious and surprised D．frightened and nervous 3. How is the Mamenchisaurus at the ongoing exhibition different from the one the author saw as a boy? A．It’s much taller. B．It’s a bit smaller. C．It has colorful skin. D．Its neck is not lifted as high. 4. We can learn from the article that human beings ________. A．will live longer on Earth than dinosaurs B．have lived on Earth for 165 million years C．will disappear from Earth sooner or later D．will continue to learn more about dinosaurs Passage 11 When Anne woke up the next morning, she could not remember where she was. Then, she remembered. This was Green Gables and they didn’t want her because she wasn’t a boy! She looked out of the window. It was such a beautiful place. She wished they would not send her away. During the drive back to the station, Marilla said, “It’s five miles, and since you enjoy talking so much, you can tell me what you know about yourself.” “I was eleven last March”, said Anne.“And I was born in Bolingbroke, Nova Scotia. My father and mother were teachers. They were very poor and lived in a small yellow house in Bolingbroke. My mother died from a fever soon after I was born, and my father died four days later from a fever, too.” “I lived with some people called Thomas until I was eight years old and helped look after their other children. Then, Mr Thomas was killed when he fell under a train. Then, Mrs Hammond took me, and I lived with her for two years and looked after all her children. Then, she died. Nobody wanted me, so I was put in a children’s home.” Marilla asked no more questions. She felt sorry for Anne. The child had had a hard life, living with people who did not really want her. She began to think it was a pity the girl had to be sent back to the children’s home. Marilla thought long and hard about keeping Anne. She knew that her brother wanted to keep her, and she saw that the girl was clever, even if she liked to dream. The next afternoon, Marilla said to the little girl, “Sit down and listen. We have decided that you may stay here. You must go to school when it opens again in September.” “Oh, thank you,” Anne said happily. Anne had been at Green Gables a fortnight (两星期) before Mrs Lynde came to see what she was like. “You’re not much to look at,” Mrs Lynde said. “You’re very thin and plain. And your face has freckles and your hair is the colour of carrots.” “I hate you,” cried Anne. “I hate you! I hate you!” “What a temper!” cried Mrs Lynde. “Anne, go to your room and stay there until I come up,” said Marilla. Anne ran to her room, crying. Afterward, Marilla went upstairs to talk to Anne. —Taken from Anne of Green Gables 1. Who does the underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refer to? A．Anne’s parents. B．People at the station. C．People in the children’s home. D．Masters of Green Gables. 2. How did Marilla feel after hearing Anne’s past life? A．Happy. B．Lucky. C．Sorry. D．Angry. 3. Which of the following shows the right order of the events? ①Anne lived with Thomas.      ②Anne stayed at Green Gables a fortnight before Mrs Lynde came. ③Anne told Marilla her life.    ④Marilla went upstairs to talk to Anne. A．①②③④ B．①③②④ C．④②①③ D．②④③① 4. Which of the following about Anne is WRONG? A．Anne is a girl who enjoyed talking. B．Nobody wanted her after Mrs Hammond died. C．Anne lived with Mrs Hammond for two years. D．Anne’s father died when she was four years old. Passage 12 Gabriel’s mum loved taking photos with her phone wherever they went. At the amusement park, his mum took photos of Gabriel before a ride and again after the ride. At the beach, she took photos of Gabriel before and after he swam in the water. And on birthdays, it seemed like his mum took pictures every minute. “Smile! Stand still. Say cheese!” Mum said. But Gabriel wanted to play, swim and eat cakes. One day, Gabriel began coughing and sneezing (打喷嚏). He had to stay at home in bed. His mother lovingly prepared his favourite chicken soup. While he was eating the soup, his mum took out her phone. Seeing this, Gabriel was so upset that he refused to take any pictures. “Honey,” his mother said, “I want to show you something.” It was a photo of Gabriel when he was a baby. “This was the first time you got sick. I was so worried until you got better.” “I don’t remember that,” Gabriel said. “Do you remember this?” His mother showed him a photo of them together on a roller coaster (过山车). “When you feel better, we can ride it again.” After a moment of silence, Gabriel said, “It’s OK if you take a photo now.” “Are you sure?” she asked him. Gabriel nodded. Then he felt a sneeze coming. Just as he sneezed, his mum took a photo. She showed it to him. His face looked so silly! As they laughed together, Gabriel realized that even the silliest moments could become the sweetest memories. 1. What did Gabriel’s mum do with her phone wherever they went? A．She took photos of Gabriel. B．She sent messages to Gabriel. C．She surfed the internet with Gabriel. D．She shared photos of Gabriel online. 2. Which “ride” has the same part of speech (词性) as the underlined word in the passage? A．They enjoyed the boat ride on the lake. B．When you ride a bicycle, you are exercising. C．Can I give you a ride to the nearest station? D．The ride lets people experience the journey to Mars. 3. According to the passage, what is the RIGHT order of the events? ①Gabriel began coughing and sneezing. ②Gabriel’s mum showed photos of him as a baby. ③Gabriel let his mum take a photo of him. ④Gabriel’s mum made him chicken soup. A．①②④③ B．②①④③ C．②①③④ D．①④②③ 4. Why did Gabriel finally agree to take photos? A．Because he felt too terrible to be angry with his mother. B．Because he understood that the photos were meaningful. C．Because he thought the photo would make him famous. D．Because he realized the photo would help him keep healthy. Passage 13 The Great Fire of London started in the very early hours of September 2nd, 1666. In four days it destroyed (破坏) more than three-quarters of the old city, where most of the houses were wooden and close together. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a few lost their lives. The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the king’s baker (面包师) in Pudding Lane. The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery into a small hotel next door. Then it spread (蔓延) quickly into Thames Street. That was the beginning.     By eight o’clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometer of the city was burning along the River Thames. Tuesday was the worst day. The fire destroyed many well-known buildings, old St. Paul’s and the Guildhall among them.     Samuel Pepys, the famous writer, wrote about the fire. People threw their things into the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. Birds fell out of the air because of the heat. The fire stopped only when the king finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out. After the fire, Christopher Wren, the architect (建筑师), wanted a city with wider streets and fine new houses of stone. In fact, the streets are still narrow; but he did build more than fifty churches, among them new St. Paul’s.     The fire caused great pain and loss, but after it London was a better place: a city for the future and not just of the past. 1. It seems that the writer of the text was most sorry for the fact that _________. A．some people lost their lives B．the birds in the sky were killed by the fire C．many famous buildings were destroyed D．the king’s bakery was burned down 2. Why did the writer cite (引用) Samuel Pepys? A．Because Pepys was among those putting out the fire. B．Because Pepys also wrote about the fire. C．To show that poor people suffered (遭受) most. D．To give the reader a clearer picture of the fire. 3. How was the fire put out according to the text? A．The king and his soldiers came to help. B．People pulled down houses standing in the direction of the fire. C．People managed to get enough water from the river. D．All the wooden houses in the city were destroyed. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The Great Fire of London ended on September 4th, 1666. B．Many birds were burned in the fire because they couldn’t fly away in time. C．The King’s baker caused the great fire. D．No loss, no gain. London became a better place because of the great fire. Passage 14 Class was almost over. Tom asked our math teacher, Mr Green, about the answer to a math problem. He thought it was 512. But Mr Green said it was 64. Later that day, Tom asked friends, classmates, and other math teachers. Was it 64 or 512? One of the math teachers they asked was Mr Smith, our math teacher last year. He said it was 512. Then the fun began. The next day, in Mr Green’s class, Tom told him Mr Smith’s answer. Mr Green didn’t change his mind. As soon as the class was over, Tom went to Mr Smith’s office. A few minutes later, Tom returned with Mr Smith and four students from another class. And the classroom became an interesting place. Everyone was excited, waiting for a long, heated discussion between the two teachers. We weren’t disappointed. Right then and there, Mr Smith and Mr Green began their argument (争论). They tried to show their answers on the blackboard. They used some math words and expressions I had never heard of, but at one point, the vocabulary turned simple. “No, …” Mr Smith said. “Yes, …” Mr Green answered. “No, …” Mr Smith said again. “Yes, …” Mr Green repeated. … At first, we were on our seats listening carefully, trying to follow their ideas. Later, Tom and some other students began to stand together around them. As time passed by, students showed their support for different teachers and became two teams. Everyone worked so hard, just for the answer to a single math problem. That’s the power of maths! When the school bell rang, the problem was still not solved. “Why not ask all the math teachers at school to join us and have a meeting for it?” Mr. Smith said. “How about lunch time? …” Mr. Green replied. “Great! …” All the students shouted … 1. What can we learn about Tom from Paragraph 1 to 4? A．Tom is in Mr. Smith’s class this year. B．Mr Green taught Tom math last year. C．The writer “I” and Tom are classmates. D．Tom and four students are in the same class. 2. In what order did the story happen? a. The students supported their teachers in two teams. b. The two teachers began their discussion. c. Mr Smith agreed with Tom’s answer. d. Tom questioned Mr Green about a math problem. e. Tom returned with Mr Smith and four students. A．d-e-c-a-b B．e-d-c-b-a C．d-c-e-b-a D．e-a-c-d-b 3. What is the best title for this passage? A．Tom, a Brave Schoolboy B．A Creative Maths Argument C．Great Maths Teachers D．An Amazing Maths Problem 4. What might probably happen by the end of that day? A．The two teachers would solve more math problems. B．The two teachers would teach students to argue for them. C．Students and teachers would work out the problem easily. D．Students and maths teachers would attend the meeting. Passage 15 The Smiths woke up earlier than usual. There was something about hiking (远足) that made them feel wide awake and excited to start the day as their eyes were open. The family had a simple breakfast. They discussed the plan for the day at table. “Dad and I looked at a map last night,” said Mrs. Smith. “We found a nearby trail (小径). There are many interesting things along the way, and best of all, there will be a surprise at the end of the trail.” “What kind of surprise?” asked Jenny. “It won’t be a surprise if we tell you,” laughed her mom. “The sooner you get ready to go, the sooner you’ll find out.” They set out for hiking soon. It was a good day for seeing wildlife. Along the trail, the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass, they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while, Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees and Mr. Smith took photos before they ran away. Then, they continued their hiking. Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way. At this moment, they came to an open area with some small pools. The kids’ eyes grew wide. They looked at their parents. “Is this the surprise?” asked Mike in excitement. Mr. and Mrs. Smith smiled as they walked over to one of the small pools. Steam (蒸汽) rose into the air. “They’re hot springs (温泉),” explained Mr. Smith. “The heat is produced from inside Earth.” “Could we have a bath (洗澡) in the spring if we have our bathing suits?” asked Jenny. Mrs. Smith nodded. “Your bathing suits are in the bag.” She laughed, putting her feet into the spring water. “I can’t believe it! Mom and Dad, this is a great surprise.” Jumped Jenny. 1. Which is the right order of the animals they saw on the way? A．Snakes→birds→rabbits→monkeys. B．Monkeys→snakes→birds→rabbits. C．Rabbits→snakes→monkeys→birds D．Birds→rabbits→ monkeys→snakes. 2. What does the underlined word “surprise” refer to (指代)? A．An open area. B．The hot spring. C．A nearby trail. D．The heat from inside Earth. 3. Why did the family make the plan for the day? A．To take photos. B．To enjoy nature. C．To watch birds. D．To protect wildlife. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A．A Nature Bath B．A Lucky Family C．A Humorous Mom D．A Beautiful Pool 16 / 16乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前语法精练 专题J812阅读理解 单元话题特训（新教材译林版） Unit 1 Past and present 过去与现在 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 初阶练手 进阶提升 能力突破 Passage 1 NOTICEBOARD THE COMPETITION (比赛) IS ON THE WAY!The theme (主题) is “Changes in My Hometown”. If you are a middle school student and interested in this competition, please pay attention to the information carefully. ►To take part in the competition, you need to sign up on www.cszx.cn, which is open from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.on July 1st. ►The poster competition will end at 6:00 p.m. on July 15th. Please send your works to the following email address before the time: changsha@school.com. ►The work MUST be connected with the changes in your hometown. ►PS. There are also other matches in the competition, including showing the changes of you and your hometown in the form of short videos and explaining (解释) the key points of your poster. We will score your works according to the content (内容). ►If you have any questions, please call us at 999-333-000. 1. Who can join in the competition according to the text? A．Li Hui, who is a 14-year-old student. B．Gao Na, who is a teacher in a middle school. C．Zhang Qi, who is a student from Grade 5. D．Wang Meng, who is going to the university next month. 2. How long is the website open on July 1st? A．For 7 hours. B．For 8 hours. C．For 9 hours. D．For 10 hours. 3. Which of the following forms is OK for the competition? A．Videos. B．Photos. C．Novels. D．Songs. 4. What is the main focus of the poster competition? A．Showing deep love for your hometown. B．Introducing food of your hometown. C．Describing the past environment in your hometown. D．Comparing (比较) the past with the present of your hometown. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. D 【导语】 本文是一篇应用文，是一则关于“我家乡的变化”主题比赛的通知，详细说明了参赛对象、报名方式、作品提交要求、比赛形式及评分标准等相关信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据“If you are a middle school student and interested in this competition, please pay attention to the information carefully.”可知，只有中学生可以参加比赛。A选项“14岁的学生李辉”符合中学生身份，可参加比赛。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“you need to sign up on http://www.cszx.cn, which is open from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.on July 1st.”可知，7月1日网站开放时间为早上9点到下午6点，一共9个小时。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“including showing the changes of you and your hometown in the form of short videos”可知，比赛可以以短视频的形式展示你和家乡的变化，所以视频是符合要求的参赛形式。照片、小说和歌曲在文中未提及可以作为参赛形式。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据“The work MUST be connected with the changes in your hometown.”以及“including showing the changes of you and your hometown...”可知，海报比赛的重点是与家乡的变化相关，也就是比较家乡的过去和现在。故选D。 Passage 2 Green Hill Village was a quiet place ten years ago. Most villagers made a living by growing rice and vegetables. The roads were narrow and muddy, and there were only a few small houses. There was no guest house or tourism, so few visitors came here. In 2018, the government started to improve the village. They built wide and clean roads, and many villagers moved into new houses. A small guest house was opened to welcome tourists. The village also started to develop tourism, and visitors came to enjoy the beautiful countryside and fresh air. Today, Green Hill Village is a popular tourist spot. Many villagers now work as tour guides or run small shops. The lives of the villagers are better than before, and they feel hopeful about the future. 1. What was Green Hill Village like ten years ago? A．A busy tourist spot B．A quiet village C．A modern town D．A big city 2. When did the government start to improve the village? A．In 2010 B．In 2015 C．In 2018 D．In 2020 3. What do many villagers do for a living now? A．Grow rice and vegetables B．Work as tour guides or run shops C．Build roads and houses D．Work in factories 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．The roads are still narrow and muddy now. B．There was a guest house in the village ten years ago. C．Tourism has developed rapidly in Green Hill Village. D．No visitors come to the village now. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文讲述了青山村在十年间的变迁：从一个安静的农耕小村，在政府改造后发展为热门旅游地，村民生活也随之改善。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Green Hill Village was a quiet place ten years ago.”可知，十年前青山村是一个安静的村庄。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“In 2018, the government started to improve the village.”可知，政府是在2018年开始改造村庄的。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Many villagers now work as tour guides or run small shops.”可知，现在很多村民的谋生方式是当导游或经营小店。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据“Today, Green Hill Village is a popular tourist spot”可知，说明旅游业发展迅速。故选C。 Passage 3 I’m a Chinese student. I am very proud of China and I’d love to do something for the development of my country. When I finish my education in Canada, I will go back to China, so I can give something back to the country. I’m a Chinese student in America. My hometown used to be very poor. But it has changed a lot. As more and more tourists come to visit my hometown, many people here live a better life and have their own cars now. I’m very pleased with these moves. I spent two years in Beijing as a student in the late 2000s and I recently went back there for a holiday. I couldn’t believe that so many changes took place in such a short time. I respect Chinese people for their strong family values and deep sense of duty. I believe our country will become more prosperous (繁荣的). There is still a long way to go. There are many challenges and difficulties ahead, but I’m sure we can make it if we work together. 1. Who is not Chinese? A．Jackson. B．Susan. C．Zhou Li. D．Carmon. 2. What has helped improve people’s life in Zhou Li’s hometown? A．The help from other cities. B．The development of tourism. C．More car factories. D．The rich natural resources (资源). 3. What’s Susan’s feeling about China’s future? A．Unsure. B．Happy. C．Worried. D．Hopeful. 4. Where can we read this passage? A．In the newspaper. B．On a website. C．In a guide book. D．On the noticeboard. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是网络留言。短文通过四位年轻人的视角，以表格形式讲述了中国的变化和发展。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Carmon：I’m a Chinese student.”“Zhou Li：I’m a Chinese student in America.”及“Susan：I believe our country will become more prosperous.”可知，三位均明确提到是中国学生或来自中国地区，Jackson不是中国人。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“As more and more tourists come to visit my hometown, many people here live a better life and have their own cars now.”可知，随着越来越多的游客来到我的家乡，这里的许多人过上了更好的生活，现在有了自己的车。所以是旅游业的发展帮助提升了人们的生活。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“I believe our country will become more prosperous. There is still a long way to go. There are many challenges and difficulties ahead, but I’m sure we can make it if we work together.”可知，Susan相信我们的国家会变得更加繁荣，虽然有许多挑战和困难，但相信终能成功。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。文章以多人评论的形式呈现，且内容围绕个人感受和观察，符合网络留言板的特点，而非报纸、旅行指南或告示牌。故选B。 Passage 4 Over the past fifty years, my hometown has changed a lot. In the past, there were only muddy roads and very few cars. People mostly walked or rode bicycles to get around. Now the roads are much wider and far busier than before, filled with cars, buses, and motorcycles day and night. The buildings have also changed. Fifty years ago, most buildings were short, simple, and made of brick or wood. Today, they are much taller and more modern, with glass and steel structures everywhere. The environment (环境) has changed too. The air was fresher and cleaner before, but now it is more polluted because of the growing number of factories and cars. However, people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier. There are also more fun and convenient places now. We have a huge new shopping mall which is larger, brighter, and more exciting than the old market. Young people think life is more interesting and convenient now because there are more activities and things to do. But some old people still remember the past and say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then. 1. In the third paragraph, the underlined word “polluted” means ________. A．fresh and clean B．dirty and harmful C．modern and convenient D．simple and peaceful 2. Why do some old people prefer life in the past? A．Because there were more shopping malls. B．Because the air was cleaner and life was quieter. C．Because there were more factories and cars. D．Because buildings were taller and more modern. 3. What are people doing to improve the environment now? A．Building more factories. B．Making roads wider. C．Planting more trees and building parks. D．Driving more cars. 4. What is the main idea of this passage? A．The hometown has not changed at all. B．The changes have only brought problems. C．The hometown has changed with both good and bad sides. D．Only young people like the changes. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要描述了作者家乡过去50年的变化，包括道路、建筑、环境和生活方式等方面的对比，并提到人们对环境改善的努力。 1. 词句猜测题。根据“The air was fresher and cleaner before, but now it is more polluted because of the growing number of factories and cars.”可知，前后句是转折关系，结合选项可推知，此处应表示以前的空气更清新、更干净，但现在由于工厂和汽车的增加，空气变得污浊且有害，因此，polluted意为dirty and harmful“肮脏且有害的”。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据“The air was fresher and cleaner before”和最后一段“But some old people still remember the past and say life was simpler, quieter, and more peaceful back then.”可推知，老人更喜欢过去的生活是因为那时的空气更干净，生活更宁静。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“However, people are trying to plant more trees and build parks to make the city greener and healthier.”可知，人们现在通过植树和建公园来改善环境。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。全文通过对比过去和现在的交通、建筑、环境等方面，说明家乡的变化既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面，因此，选项C符合主旨。故选C。 Passage 5 My name is Tom. I was born in a small town in 2008. I have lived here for 18 years, and I have seen great changes in my town over the years. When I was a child, the town was very quiet. There were no tall buildings. The main street was narrow, and there were only a few small shops. People used to go to work by bike or on foot. There was a small park in the centre of the town, and it was the only place for children to play. We often played games there after school. But now, the town has changed a lot. Many tall buildings have been built along the main street. There are many big shops, supermarkets and restaurants. The roads are wide and clean, and there are many cars and buses. People can go to work by car, bus or subway. A new big park has been built, and it has a playground, a lake and many trees. Children can play there happily. My family has also changed. We used to live in a small house, but now we live in a big apartment. My father used to work in a small factory, but now he works in a big company. My mother used to stay at home, but now she works as a teacher in a primary school. I love my town’s changes. They make our life better and more convenient. I am proud of my town and hope it will become more beautiful. 1. How long has Tom lived in the small town? A．For 10 years. B．For 18 years. C．For 20 years. D．For 28 years. 2. What was the main street like when Tom was a child? A．Wide and clean. B．Narrow. C．Narrow and clean. D．Wide and dirty. 3. What did Tom often do after school when he was a child? A．Play games in the small park. B．Go shopping with his mother. C．Do homework at home. D．Ride a bike on the street. 4. Which of the following is NOT a change in Tom’s family? A．They moved to a big apartment. B．Tom’s father works in a big company now. C．Tom’s mother is a teacher now. D．Tom’s family has a new car. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Tom介绍自己居住的小镇多年来发生的巨大变化，包含城镇设施环境和自身家庭的变化，表达了Tom对小镇的喜爱，以及对小镇未来发展的美好期盼。 1. 细节理解题。根据“I have lived here for 18 years, and I have seen great changes in my town over the years”可知，Tom已经在小镇住了18年。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“The main street was narrow, and there were only a few small shops”可知，那时主街很窄。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“There was a small park in the centre of the town, and it was the only place for children to play. We often played games there after school”可知，Tom小时候放学后经常在小公园里玩游戏。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据“We used to live in a small house, but now we live in a big apartment. My father used to work in a small factory, but now he works in a big company. My mother used to stay at home, but now she works as a teacher in a primary school”可知，我们过去住小房子，现在住大公寓；我爸爸过去在小工厂工作，现在在大公司上班；我妈妈过去待在家里，现在在小学当老师，因此只有“Tom的家庭买了新车”没有在文中提到，不属于家庭的变化。故选D。 Passage 6 After a long week at work, I could finally go to the beach by myself. It was a lovely time to watch families come and go for a warm weekend here in California. After a few hours, I noticed a little girl playing by herself. It looked like she built a sandcastle and was now trying to fill it with water. The sandcastle looked beautiful in the summer sunshine.     Unluckily, there was no container around to carry water. She would go to the waves, cup her hands and then walk back to her little castle. Sadly, not much of the water was kept in her hands every time she returned to the castle. But she kept trying and was still smiling and hopeful. So I wished I could help her out. As I was standing there watching her, I suddenly realized I had a bottle of water in my bag. I quickly took it out and walked over to give it to her. Uncertain of what to do first, she shook her head shyly, saying no. I reassured (安慰) her it would make getting the water faster. She smiled widely and finally took it. Not wanting her to feel uncomfortable, I walked off the beach right away. Looking back at her running to the sea with the same big smile, I knew when she noticed someone needed help in her life, she would recall (回忆起) this little act of kindness from a stranger. And then a gentle world would be around her. 1. What was the weather like? A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Cloudy. D．Snowy. 2. What might the underlined word “container” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A． B． C． D． 3. Which of the following can best describe how the little girl’s feelings changed? A．Excited→Sad→Nervous B．Nervous→Hopeful→Surprised C．Cheerful→Shy→Happy D．Helpless→Happy→Uncomfortable 4. What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．A beach vacation helps us relax. B．Spending more time alone is good. C．Kids should not play outside alone. D．A small act of kindness can make a better world. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在海滩上帮助一个小女孩的暖心故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The sandcastle looked beautiful in the summer sunshine.”可知，天气是晴朗的，故选A。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“Unluckily, there was no container around to carry water. She would go to the waves, cup her hands and then walk back to her little castle.”可知，小女孩没有能装水的容器，只能用手捧水，结合选项，“container”指的是桶类的容器，故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“But she kept trying and was still smiling and hopeful.”、“Uncertain of what to do first, she shook her head shyly, saying no.”和“She smiled widely and finally took it.”可知，小女孩的情绪从开心到害羞再到开心，故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。根据“Looking back at her running to the sea with the same big smile, ... And then a gentle world would be around her.”可知，文章主要告诉我们一个小小的善举能造就更美好的世界，故选D。 Passage 7 Once there was a piano player in a bar. People came just to hear him play. But one night, a lady asked him to sing a song. “I don’t sing.” said the man. But the lady told the waiter, “I’m tired of listening to the piano. I want the player to sing!” The waiter shouted across the room, “Hey, friend! If you want to get paid, sing a song!” So he did. He had never sung in public before. Now he was singing for the very first time! Nobody had ever heard the song Mona Lisa sung so beautifully! He had talent (天赋) that he was sitting on! He may have lived the rest of his life as a no-name piano player in a no-name bar. But once he found, by accident, that he could sing well, he went on working hard and became one of the best-known singers in the US. His name was Nat King Cole. You, too, have skills, abilities and talent. You may not find it or feel your talent is little, but it may be greater than you think. With hard work, most skills can be improved. However, you may have no success at all, if you just sit on your talent. 1. The lady asked the player to sing a song because _________. A．she had paid him for this B．she knew him very well C．she wanted to have a change D．she enjoyed his singing 2. Nat King Cole succeeded because _________. A．the lady helped him a lot B．he took the chance (机会) C．he continued to play in the bar D．he stopped playing the piano 3. The phrase “sit on” in the passage probably means _________. A．fail to realize B．stay up C．try to develop D．manage to show 4. Which could be the best title for the passage? A．Sing in the Bar B．Become Successful in Life C．Never Lose Heart D．Find Your Hidden Talent 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文讲述钢琴手Nat King Cole偶然发现歌唱天赋，努力后成为著名歌手，告诉人们要发掘自身隐藏天赋。 1. 细节理解题。根据“I’m tired of listening to the piano. I want the player to sing!”可知，这位女士厌倦了听钢琴，想要改变一下。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“But once he found, by accident, that he could sing well, he went on working hard and became one of the best-known singers in the US.”可知，他抓住了偶然发现自己唱歌好听的机会并努力成功了。故选B。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“You may not find it or feel your talent is little”可知，“sit on”此处指没有意识到、没有发现自己的天赋。故选A。 4. 最佳标题题。根据文章最后一段及主旨可知，全文主要告诉人们要发现自己隐藏的天赋，最佳标题为“Find Your Hidden Talent”。故选D。 Passage 8 Mary was waiting for the airplane to take off. She was happy to get a seat by herself. Just then, an air hostess came up to her and asked, “Would you mind changing your seat? A man would like to sit with his wife.” The only left seat was next to a girl with her arms broken, a black-and-blue face, and a sad expression. “I don’t want to sit there,” Mary thought immediately. But a soft voice spoke, “She needs help.” Finally, Mary moved to that seat. The girl was named Emily. She had been in a car accident and now was on her way for treatment. When the snack and juice arrived, Mary realized that Emily could not feed herself. Mary considered offering to feed her but hesitated (犹豫), as it seemed too impolite to offer a service to a stranger. But then Mary realized that Emily’s need was more important. Mary offered to help her eat. Although Emily was uncomfortable to accept, she agreed. They became closer and closer in a short time. By the end of the five-hour trip, Mary’s heart had warmed, and the time was really better spent than if she had just sat by herself. Mary was very glad that she had sat next to Emily and fed her. Love sometimes goes beyond human borders (边界) and removes the fears that keep people away. When we reach our hands to serve another, we grow to live in a better world. 1. What did the air hostess ask Mary to do? A．To ask for help. B．To treat Emily. C．To change her seat. D．To help Emily eat. 2. Why did Emily have a sad expression at the beginning? A．She lost her job. B．She suffered from a car accident. C．She met a stranger. D．She disliked the air hostess. 3. What do the underlined words “she agreed” mean? A．Emily agreed that Mary would help her eat. B．Emily agreed that she would sit next to Mary. C．Emily agreed that Mary would change her seat. D．Emily agreed that she would receive her treatment. 4. What is the best title for this passage? A．Flying With Strangers B．Changing Seats C．Learning To Forgive D．Passing Your Love On 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了Mary从刚开始不愿换飞机上的座位到渐渐认识一个人并愿意付出自己爱心的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Just then, an air hostess came up to her and asked, ‘Would you mind changing your seat? A man would like to sit with his wife.’”可知，空姐要求Mary换座位。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“The girl was named Emily. She had been in a car accident and now was on her way for treatment.”可知，Emily表情悲伤的原因是因为她遭遇了一场车祸，现在正前往治疗。故选B。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“Mary offered to help her eat. Although Emily was uncomfortable to accept, she agreed.”可知，Mary主动提出帮Emily进食，尽管她接受起来不太自在，但她还是同意了。故选A。 4. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，Mary通过帮助陌生人Emily传递了爱心，并从中获得温暖，选项D“传递你的爱”为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 9 A loud noise wakes Jan up suddenly. She looks at the alarm clock beside the bed. It’s five o’clock. Then she hears the noise again. It’s thunder. Then she hears a different noise. It’s the sound of something hitting the window. She gets up and goes to the window. She can see Tom standing outside in the rain. He’s shouting at Jan to tell her to come outside. Jan gets dressed, puts on her jacket and goes downstairs quietly, trying not to wake Tom’s parents up. “What are you doing, Tom?” “The storm!” he says, “It’s the same storm as Thursday night’s. Let’s go to the tree. Maybe you can go home!” Jan follows Tom down the road and then she remembers something. “The time capsule (胶囊)!” Tom shows her the biscuit tin under his jacket. “I’ve got it.” And now there’s the possibility that she can return to the future. Soon they come to the river and then the old building. They run up the path through the trees and arrive at the piece of land with the apple tree. “Now what do we do?” asks Jan. “I put the time capsule back where I found it and...” “And I go home. ” “Yes. ” Tom uses his hands to dig a hole by the tree. He buries the time capsule and then stands up. Jan suddenly thinks of something. “Tom! I want to give you something from the time capsule.” “No. I don’t want anything. It’s more important for you to go home.” Jan feels sad that Tom doesn’t want anything to remember her. But he’s right. The important thing is to get home. “I’m never going to forget you, Tom. Thanks. You’re a real friend.” “Bye, Jan. Look for me in the future. Promise (承诺)?” “I promise.” Then he turns and runs back to the trees. Jan watches his shadow disappear into the trees. 1. The underlined word “possibility” means “________”. A．decision B．success C．chance D．discussion 2. What does the underlined part mean in the passage? A．Tom wants Jan to forget him. B．Tom doesn’t want Jan to go home. C．Tom wants Jan to go home as soon as possible. D．Tom advises Jan to take him to her home in the future. 3. If Jan wants to go home, which of the following is necessary? a. The jacket. b.The apple tree. c. The time capsule. d. The thunderstorm. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 4. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Jan digs a hole by the tree by herself. B．Jan gives Tom something to remember her. C．Jan lives in Tom’s home before she goes back home. D．Jan and Tom haven’t seen each other for a long time. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文主要讲述Tom通过埋时间胶囊，帮助Jan回家的故事。 1. 词句猜测题。根据“And now maybe there’s the possibility she can return to the future.”并结合下文可知，此处指Jan有可能回到未来。画线词意为“可能，可能性”，与“chance”意思相近。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“‘No. I don’t want anything. It’s more important for you to go home.’ Jan feels sad that Tom doesn’t want something to remember her. But he’s right. The important thing is to get home.”可知，Tom认为对Jan来说，回家更重要。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“It’s the same storm as Thursday night’s. Let’s go to the tree. Maybe you can go home!” 可知，这场暴风雨是Jan能尝试回家的前提条件；根据“I put the time capsule back where I found it and… And I go home”可知，埋藏时间胶囊是Jan回家的关键操作；根据“Tom uses his hands to dig a hole by the tree. He buries the time capsule”可知，苹果树是埋藏时间胶囊的位置，是完成操作的必要场所。所以Jan回家需要苹果树、时间胶囊和暴风雨，对应选项b、c、d。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据“Jan gets dressed, puts on her jacket and goes downstairs quietly, trying not to wake Tom’s parents.”可知，Jan下楼时不想吵醒Tom的父母，由此推断她回家前住在Tom家。故选C。 Passage 10 It was a summer day when I was about 13. Dad took me to visit the Shanghai Natural History Museum. Back then, it was in an old building on Yan’an Road. Dad used to work at a seafood processing factory. As we walked past the fish specimens, he was excited to share his knowledge. “This fish sells fast,” he told me. “It tastes great.” The other visitors turned to stare (盯着) at us as we walked on. But when we were back in the hall to see the dinosaurs carefully, Dad was silent. Clearly, these giants couldn’t be eaten. (If they were still alive, we might be on their menu!) The star exhibit was a Mamenchisaurus (马门溪龙). It stood 22 meters tall and held its long neck high. I couldn’t take my eyes off it. Many questions raced through my mind: What did it do all day? How much did it eat? What was our planet like when it was alive? And why did it—and all the other dinosaurs—disappear? In 2015, the Natural History Museum moved to Jing’an. To celebrate the tenth birthday of its new home, it’s hosting a special dinosaur exhibition where you can see a Mamenchisaurus. But it’s a little different from the one I saw in the old museum. Over time, scientists have learned more about these dinosaurs. Now they believe they couldn’t hold up their long necks very high. There are still many unknowns about these ancient animals. We keep guessing and piecing together the puzzle. As we learn about their world, we also learn more about our own. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for about 165 million years. Will humans ever break this record? 1. The other visitors stared at the author and his father because ________. A．the author asked many interesting questions B．the father knew a lot about the Mamenchisaurus C．the father made strange comments about the fish D．the author looked at the Mamenchisaurus for a long time 2. When he looked at the Mamenchisaurus, the author probably felt ________. A．bored and tired B．proud and excited C．curious and surprised D．frightened and nervous 3. How is the Mamenchisaurus at the ongoing exhibition different from the one the author saw as a boy? A．It’s much taller. B．It’s a bit smaller. C．It has colorful skin. D．Its neck is not lifted as high. 4. We can learn from the article that human beings ________. A．will live longer on Earth than dinosaurs B．have lived on Earth for 165 million years C．will disappear from Earth sooner or later D．will continue to learn more about dinosaurs 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者13岁时和父亲参观上海自然博物馆的经历，以及新馆恐龙展的变化，表达了对恐龙的好奇和对人类探索未知的思考。 1. 细节理解题。根据“As we walked past the fish specimens, he was excited to share his knowledge. ‘This fish sells fast,’ he told me. ‘It tastes great.’ The other visitors turned to stare at us as we walked on.”可知，父亲对鱼类标本做出“好卖、好吃”的奇怪评价，引来其他游客注视，故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据“I couldn’t take my eyes off it. Many questions raced through my mind: What did it do all day? How much did it eat?…”可知，作者被马门溪龙吸引，脑海里涌现诸多疑问，由此推测他的心情是好奇又惊讶的，故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Now they believe they couldn’t hold up their long necks very high.”可知，现在展览的马门溪龙脖子不像作者小时候看到的那样抬得高，故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据“There are still many unknowns about these ancient animals. We keep guessing and piecing together the puzzle.”可知，人类会继续了解更多关于恐龙的知识，故选D。 Passage 11 When Anne woke up the next morning, she could not remember where she was. Then, she remembered. This was Green Gables and they didn’t want her because she wasn’t a boy! She looked out of the window. It was such a beautiful place. She wished they would not send her away. During the drive back to the station, Marilla said, “It’s five miles, and since you enjoy talking so much, you can tell me what you know about yourself.” “I was eleven last March”, said Anne.“And I was born in Bolingbroke, Nova Scotia. My father and mother were teachers. They were very poor and lived in a small yellow house in Bolingbroke. My mother died from a fever soon after I was born, and my father died four days later from a fever, too.” “I lived with some people called Thomas until I was eight years old and helped look after their other children. Then, Mr Thomas was killed when he fell under a train. Then, Mrs Hammond took me, and I lived with her for two years and looked after all her children. Then, she died. Nobody wanted me, so I was put in a children’s home.” Marilla asked no more questions. She felt sorry for Anne. The child had had a hard life, living with people who did not really want her. She began to think it was a pity the girl had to be sent back to the children’s home. Marilla thought long and hard about keeping Anne. She knew that her brother wanted to keep her, and she saw that the girl was clever, even if she liked to dream. The next afternoon, Marilla said to the little girl, “Sit down and listen. We have decided that you may stay here. You must go to school when it opens again in September.” “Oh, thank you,” Anne said happily. Anne had been at Green Gables a fortnight (两星期) before Mrs Lynde came to see what she was like. “You’re not much to look at,” Mrs Lynde said. “You’re very thin and plain. And your face has freckles and your hair is the colour of carrots.” “I hate you,” cried Anne. “I hate you! I hate you!” “What a temper!” cried Mrs Lynde. “Anne, go to your room and stay there until I come up,” said Marilla. Anne ran to her room, crying. Afterward, Marilla went upstairs to talk to Anne. —Taken from Anne of Green Gables 1. Who does the underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refer to? A．Anne’s parents. B．People at the station. C．People in the children’s home. D．Masters of Green Gables. 2. How did Marilla feel after hearing Anne’s past life? A．Happy. B．Lucky. C．Sorry. D．Angry. 3. Which of the following shows the right order of the events? ①Anne lived with Thomas.     ②Anne stayed at Green Gables a fortnight before Mrs Lynde came. ③Anne told Marilla her life.   ④Marilla went upstairs to talk to Anne. A．①②③④ B．①③②④ C．④②①③ D．②④③① 4. Which of the following about Anne is WRONG? A．Anne is a girl who enjoyed talking. B．Nobody wanted her after Mrs Hammond died. C．Anne lived with Mrs Hammond for two years. D．Anne’s father died when she was four years old. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《绿山墙的安妮》，主要讲述了孤女安妮来到绿山墙后，向玛丽拉讲述了自己坎坷的童年身世，最终打动玛丽拉获准留在绿山墙，之后琳德夫人到访点评安妮外貌引发冲突的故事。 1. 词句猜测题。根据“This was Green Gables and they didn’t want her because she wasn’t a boy!”可推知，安妮当时身处绿山墙，不愿意收留安妮的是绿山墙的主人，因此划线词they指代绿山墙的主人。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Marilla asked no more questions. She felt sorry for Anne.”可知，听完安妮的过往经历后，玛丽拉感到很难过。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“I lived with some people called Thomas until I was eight years old”可知，最早安妮八岁前和托马斯一家一起生活（①）；根据“During the drive back to the station, Marilla said, ‘It’s five miles, and since you enjoy talking so much, you can tell me what you know about yourself.’”可知，之后安妮在回车站的路上给玛丽拉讲述自己的人生经历（③）；根据“Anne had been at Green Gables a fortnight (两星期) before Mrs Lynde came to see what she was like.”可知，玛丽拉决定留下安妮，安妮在绿山墙待了两周后，琳德夫人前来拜访看安妮（②）；根据“‘I hate you,’ cried Anne. ‘I hate you! I hate you!’ ‘What a temper!’ cried Mrs Lynde...Marilla went upstairs to talk to Anne.”可知，安妮和琳德夫人发生冲突后，玛丽拉让安妮先回房间，之后上楼找安妮谈话（④），因此正确顺序为①③②④。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据“My mother died from a fever soon after I was born, and my father died four days later from a fever, too.”可知，安妮的父亲在安妮刚出生时就去世了，并非安妮四岁时，D项表述错误。故选D。 Passage 12 Gabriel’s mum loved taking photos with her phone wherever they went. At the amusement park, his mum took photos of Gabriel before a ride and again after the ride. At the beach, she took photos of Gabriel before and after he swam in the water. And on birthdays, it seemed like his mum took pictures every minute. “Smile! Stand still. Say cheese!” Mum said. But Gabriel wanted to play, swim and eat cakes. One day, Gabriel began coughing and sneezing (打喷嚏). He had to stay at home in bed. His mother lovingly prepared his favourite chicken soup. While he was eating the soup, his mum took out her phone. Seeing this, Gabriel was so upset that he refused to take any pictures. “Honey,” his mother said, “I want to show you something.” It was a photo of Gabriel when he was a baby. “This was the first time you got sick. I was so worried until you got better.” “I don’t remember that,” Gabriel said. “Do you remember this?” His mother showed him a photo of them together on a roller coaster (过山车). “When you feel better, we can ride it again.” After a moment of silence, Gabriel said, “It’s OK if you take a photo now.” “Are you sure?” she asked him. Gabriel nodded. Then he felt a sneeze coming. Just as he sneezed, his mum took a photo. She showed it to him. His face looked so silly! As they laughed together, Gabriel realized that even the silliest moments could become the sweetest memories. 1. What did Gabriel’s mum do with her phone wherever they went? A．She took photos of Gabriel. B．She sent messages to Gabriel. C．She surfed the internet with Gabriel. D．She shared photos of Gabriel online. 2. Which “ride” has the same part of speech (词性) as the underlined word in the passage? A．They enjoyed the boat ride on the lake. B．When you ride a bicycle, you are exercising. C．Can I give you a ride to the nearest station? D．The ride lets people experience the journey to Mars. 3. According to the passage, what is the RIGHT order of the events? ①Gabriel began coughing and sneezing. ②Gabriel’s mum showed photos of him as a baby. ③Gabriel let his mum take a photo of him. ④Gabriel’s mum made him chicken soup. A．①②④③ B．②①④③ C．②①③④ D．①④②③ 4. Why did Gabriel finally agree to take photos? A．Because he felt too terrible to be angry with his mother. B．Because he understood that the photos were meaningful. C．Because he thought the photo would make him famous. D．Because he realized the photo would help him keep healthy. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加布里埃尔从讨厌妈妈一直拍照，到理解照片是珍贵回忆的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Gabriel’s mum loved taking photos with her phone wherever they went.”可知，无论去哪里，加布里埃尔的妈妈都用手机给他拍照。故选A。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“When you feel better, we can ride it again.”可知，当“你”觉得好点了，“我们”可以再坐一次过山车，可推测出“ride”意为“乘坐”。选项B中“ride”同样作动词，与画线词词性一致，其他选项中“ride”均为名词。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“One day, Gabriel began coughing and sneezing.”，“His mother lovingly prepared his favourite chicken soup.”，“It was a photo of Gabriel when he was a baby.”“After a moment of silence, Gabriel said, ‘It’s OK if you take a photo now.’”可知，Gabriel生病咳嗽，妈妈做鸡汤；妈妈展示Gabriel婴儿时期的照片；Gabriel同意妈妈给他拍照。正确顺序为①④②③。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据“As they laughed together, Gabriel realized that even the silliest moments could become the sweetest memories.”可知，加布里埃尔明白了照片是有意义的。故选B。 Passage 13 The Great Fire of London started in the very early hours of September 2nd, 1666. In four days it destroyed (破坏) more than three-quarters of the old city, where most of the houses were wooden and close together. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a few lost their lives. The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the king’s baker (面包师) in Pudding Lane. The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery into a small hotel next door. Then it spread (蔓延) quickly into Thames Street. That was the beginning.     By eight o’clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometer of the city was burning along the River Thames. Tuesday was the worst day. The fire destroyed many well-known buildings, old St. Paul’s and the Guildhall among them.     Samuel Pepys, the famous writer, wrote about the fire. People threw their things into the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. Birds fell out of the air because of the heat. The fire stopped only when the king finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out. After the fire, Christopher Wren, the architect (建筑师), wanted a city with wider streets and fine new houses of stone. In fact, the streets are still narrow; but he did build more than fifty churches, among them new St. Paul’s.     The fire caused great pain and loss, but after it London was a better place: a city for the future and not just of the past. 1. It seems that the writer of the text was most sorry for the fact that _________. A．some people lost their lives B．the birds in the sky were killed by the fire C．many famous buildings were destroyed D．the king’s bakery was burned down 2. Why did the writer cite (引用) Samuel Pepys? A．Because Pepys was among those putting out the fire. B．Because Pepys also wrote about the fire. C．To show that poor people suffered (遭受) most. D．To give the reader a clearer picture of the fire. 3. How was the fire put out according to the text? A．The king and his soldiers came to help. B．People pulled down houses standing in the direction of the fire. C．People managed to get enough water from the river. D．All the wooden houses in the city were destroyed. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The Great Fire of London ended on September 4th, 1666. B．Many birds were burned in the fire because they couldn’t fly away in time. C．The King’s baker caused the great fire. D．No loss, no gain. London became a better place because of the great fire. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1666年伦敦大火的发生、蔓延、扑灭过程，以及大火对伦敦造成的破坏和后续重建，强调了火灾带来的痛苦和损失，但也指出火灾后伦敦成为了一个更好的地方。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Tuesday was the worst day. The fire destroyed many well-known buildings, old St. Paul’s and the Guildhall among them.”可知，作者最为遗憾的是许多著名的建筑被大火摧毁。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Samuel Pepys, the famous writer, wrote about the fire. People threw their things into the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. Birds fell out of the air because of the heat.”可知，作者引用Samuel Pepys的描述，是为了让读者更清晰地了解火灾的情况，包括人们的反应和火灾的严重性。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The fire stopped only when the king finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.”可知，火灾是通过拆除位于火势蔓延方向上的房屋来扑灭的。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The fire caused great pain and loss, but after it London was a better place: a city for the future and not just of the past.”可知，虽然火灾造成了巨大的痛苦和损失，但伦敦在火灾后成为了一个更好的地方，这与选项D“不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。伦敦因为这场大火而成为一个更好的地方”相符。故选D。 Passage 14 Class was almost over. Tom asked our math teacher, Mr Green, about the answer to a math problem. He thought it was 512. But Mr Green said it was 64. Later that day, Tom asked friends, classmates, and other math teachers. Was it 64 or 512? One of the math teachers they asked was Mr Smith, our math teacher last year. He said it was 512. Then the fun began. The next day, in Mr Green’s class, Tom told him Mr Smith’s answer. Mr Green didn’t change his mind. As soon as the class was over, Tom went to Mr Smith’s office. A few minutes later, Tom returned with Mr Smith and four students from another class. And the classroom became an interesting place. Everyone was excited, waiting for a long, heated discussion between the two teachers. We weren’t disappointed. Right then and there, Mr Smith and Mr Green began their argument (争论). They tried to show their answers on the blackboard. They used some math words and expressions I had never heard of, but at one point, the vocabulary turned simple. “No, …” Mr Smith said. “Yes, …” Mr Green answered. “No, …” Mr Smith said again. “Yes, …” Mr Green repeated. … At first, we were on our seats listening carefully, trying to follow their ideas. Later, Tom and some other students began to stand together around them. As time passed by, students showed their support for different teachers and became two teams. Everyone worked so hard, just for the answer to a single math problem. That’s the power of maths! When the school bell rang, the problem was still not solved. “Why not ask all the math teachers at school to join us and have a meeting for it?” Mr. Smith said. “How about lunch time? …” Mr. Green replied. “Great! …” All the students shouted … 1. What can we learn about Tom from Paragraph 1 to 4? A．Tom is in Mr. Smith’s class this year. B．Mr Green taught Tom math last year. C．The writer “I” and Tom are classmates. D．Tom and four students are in the same class. 2. In what order did the story happen? a. The students supported their teachers in two teams. b. The two teachers began their discussion. c. Mr Smith agreed with Tom’s answer. d. Tom questioned Mr Green about a math problem. e. Tom returned with Mr Smith and four students. A．d-e-c-a-b B．e-d-c-b-a C．d-c-e-b-a D．e-a-c-d-b 3. What is the best title for this passage? A．Tom, a Brave Schoolboy B．A Creative Maths Argument C．Great Maths Teachers D．An Amazing Maths Problem 4. What might probably happen by the end of that day? A．The two teachers would solve more math problems. B．The two teachers would teach students to argue for them. C．Students and teachers would work out the problem easily. D．Students and maths teachers would attend the meeting. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述Tom就一道数学题答案与老师产生分歧，引发两位老师激烈争论，同学们也分成两队支持不同老师，最后决定召集全校数学老师开会讨论的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Tom asked our math teacher, Mr Green, about the answer to a math problem.”以及第四段“A few minutes later, Tom returned with Mr Smith and four students from another class. And the classroom became an interesting place. Everyone was excited, waiting for a long, heated discussion between the two teachers.”可知，作者和Tom一起见证了后续事件发展，可推测作者“我”和Tom是同学。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Tom asked our math teacher, Mr Green, about the answer to a math problem.”可知，d“Tom就一道数学问题向格林先生提问”最先发生；根据第二段“He said it was 512.”可知，c“史密斯先生同意汤姆的答案”随后发生；根据第四段“A few minutes later, Tom returned with Mr Smith and four students from another class.”可知，e“汤姆带着史密斯先生和四个学生回来了”接着发生；根据第五段“Right then and there, Mr Smith and Mr Green began their argument (争论).”可知，b“两位老师开始了他们的讨论”再次发生；根据第七段“As time passed by, students showed their support for different teachers and became two teams.”可知，a“学生们分成两队支持他们的老师”最后发生。所以故事发生的顺序是d-c-e-b-a。故选C。 3. 最佳标题题。本文主要讲述学生Tom向数学老师询问一道数学题的答案，以及后续围绕这个数学题展开了讨论。故选项D“一道令人惊奇的数学题”符合文意。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Why not ask all the math teachers at school to join us and have a meeting for it?” Mr. Smith said. “How about lunch time? …” Mr. Green replied. “Great! …” All the students shouted …可知，到那天结束时，学生和数学老师很可能会参加会议。故选D。 Passage 15 The Smiths woke up earlier than usual. There was something about hiking (远足) that made them feel wide awake and excited to start the day as their eyes were open. The family had a simple breakfast. They discussed the plan for the day at table. “Dad and I looked at a map last night,” said Mrs. Smith. “We found a nearby trail (小径). There are many interesting things along the way, and best of all, there will be a surprise at the end of the trail.” “What kind of surprise?” asked Jenny. “It won’t be a surprise if we tell you,” laughed her mom. “The sooner you get ready to go, the sooner you’ll find out.” They set out for hiking soon. It was a good day for seeing wildlife. Along the trail, the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass, they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while, Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees and Mr. Smith took photos before they ran away. Then, they continued their hiking. Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way. At this moment, they came to an open area with some small pools. The kids’ eyes grew wide. They looked at their parents. “Is this the surprise?” asked Mike in excitement. Mr. and Mrs. Smith smiled as they walked over to one of the small pools. Steam (蒸汽) rose into the air. “They’re hot springs (温泉),” explained Mr. Smith. “The heat is produced from inside Earth.” “Could we have a bath (洗澡) in the spring if we have our bathing suits?” asked Jenny. Mrs. Smith nodded. “Your bathing suits are in the bag.” She laughed, putting her feet into the spring water. “I can’t believe it! Mom and Dad, this is a great surprise.” Jumped Jenny. 1. Which is the right order of the animals they saw on the way? A．Snakes→birds→rabbits→monkeys. B．Monkeys→snakes→birds→rabbits. C．Rabbits→snakes→monkeys→birds D．Birds→rabbits→ monkeys→snakes. 2. What does the underlined word “surprise” refer to (指代)? A．An open area. B．The hot spring. C．A nearby trail. D．The heat from inside Earth. 3. Why did the family make the plan for the day? A．To take photos. B．To enjoy nature. C．To watch birds. D．To protect wildlife. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A．A Nature Bath B．A Lucky Family C．A Humorous Mom D．A Beautiful Pool 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了史密斯一家早起远足的经历。他们在小径上看到了各种野生动物，最后惊喜地发现了一处温泉，并决定在那里泡澡。 1. 细节理解题。本文是按照事情发展的顺序写的。根据“Along the trail, the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass, they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while, Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees”和“Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen”可知，动物出现的顺序是：鸟→兔子→猴子→蛇。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“They’re hot springs”和“this is a great surprise”可知，惊喜是温泉，下划线的“surprise”指代的是温泉。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“There was something about hiking (远足) that made them feel wide awake and excited”和“They set out for hiking soon. It was a good day for seeing wildlife. Along the trail, the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass, they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail.”可知，他们制定计划是为了远足，享受大自然。故选B。 4. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕史密斯一家远足并发现温泉的经历展开，重点是他们与自然的互动，尤其是最后在温泉中泡澡的场景。选项A“自然浴”最能概括这一主题，既点明了自然元素，又突出了温泉的核心情节，最适合当标题。故选A。 21 / 22乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $