Unit 2 Family rules（期中知识清单）四年级英语下学期（人教PEP版·新教材）

知识清单·人教PEP版四年级下册 Unit 2 Family rules 知识梳理 知识点拨 ➊ 现在进行时的用法 ➋祈使句否定形式 ➌ where引导的特殊疑问句 考点一：现在进行时的用法 Dad is sleeping in his bedroom. She's reading a book in the study. 一、定义：现在进行时表示正在进行的活动或发生的动作。 二、句式结构： 1.肯定句：主语+ be动词+动词-ing形式（+其他）。 例：He is doing the long jump.他正在跳远。 2.否定句：主语+ be动词+ not+动词-ing形式（+其他）。 例：They aren't running.他们没在奔跑。 3.一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+动词-ing形式（+其他）？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+ be动词。否定回答：No,主语+ be动词+ not. 例:(1)—Is she drawing?她正在画画吗？—Yes, she is.是的，她正在画画。 (2)—Are you doing your homework?你正在做你的作业吗？—No,I'm not.不，我没在做作业。 4.特殊疑问句：—特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+动词-ing形式（+其他）？ —主语+ be动词+动词-ing形式（+其他）。 例:—What is Jenny doing?詹妮正在做什么？ —She is singing.她正在唱歌。 三、标志词：现在进行时的标志词有now、look、listen等. 例:(1)I am walking now.我现在正在走路。 (2) Look! He is washing his face.看！他正在洗脸。 (3) Listen! Lucy and Lily are singing.听！露西和莉莉正在唱歌。 四、动词-ing的构成： 1.一般情况，在动词词尾直接加-ing. 例：work—working 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing. 例：make—making 3.以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ing. 例：run—running 4.以ie结尾的动词变ie为y,再加-ing. 例：die—dying lie—lying 【大显身手】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.—What are they doing? —__________ A. They are running. B. He's running. C. We are swimming. ( )2. Amy and Mike __________ playing. A. aren't B. isn't C. don't ( )3. My mum is __________ dinner at home. A. makes B. making C. make ( )4.—Is Diandian playing a game? —__________ A. Yes, he does. B. No, he isn't. C. Yes,I do. ( )5.—What are you doing? —I'm __________a storybook. A. looking B. see C. reading 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Look! The boy ________________(watch)TV. 2. The girls ________________(have)breakfast now. 3.—________________(be)he ________________(clean)the desk? —No,he isn't. 4.—I________________(cook)fish now. —It smells nice. 5. Listen! They ________________(sing)in the music room. 6. It is nine o'clock now.He ________________(lie)on the bed. 三、按要求完成各题。 1. He is sleeping in the bedroom.(变为否定句) He __________ __________ in the bedroom. 2. My father is sweeping the floor.(变为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) —__________ your father __________ the floor? —__________, __________ __________. 3. Diandian has dinner.(变为现在进行时) Diandian __________ __________ dinner. 4. My grandmother is drinking.(对画线部分提问) __________ __________ your grandmother __________? 四、根据图片提示，回答问题。 1. What is he doing? He is __________ __________ __________. 2. What are you doing? I am __________ __________ __________ __________. 3. Are they cooking? __________, __________ __________. 4. Is she cleaning the floor? __________, __________ __________. 考点二：祈使句否定形式 Don't run in the house. Don't be so loud. 1. 核心结构：否定祈使句以 “Don't + 动词原形” 开头，表 “不要做某事”，Don't 后必须接动词原形，不能接 to do 或三单形式。 错误：Don't runs in the house. 正确：Don't run in the house. 2. 接形容词的特殊情况：若表 “不要……（状态）”，需加 be 动词原形（Don't be + 形容词），不能漏 be。 错误：Don't loud. 正确：Don't be loud. 【大显身手】 单项选择。 ( ) 1. ______ jump on the bed. It's not safe. A. Don't B. Doesn't C. Don't be ( ) 2. ______ be so messy. Tidy your room. A. Don't B. Don't be C. Not ( ) 3. Don't ______ hot food in the kitchen alone. A. touch B. touches C. touching ( )4. ______ play with balls in the study. A. Not B. Don’t C. No ( )5. ______ with balls in the living room. A. Don’t play B. don’t play C. No play ( )6. —________ run in the house.     —OK, I won’t. A. Don’t be B. Don’t C. Not 考点三：where引导的特殊疑问句 Where is mum? She’s in the kitchen. 本单元where引导的特殊疑问句用于“询问人或物在哪个房间”，需掌握核心结构和回答逻辑： (1) 询问单数（人 / 物）：Where + is + 主语（he/she/it/ 单数名词）+ 其他？ 回答：主语 + be 动词 + in + 房间名称（表 “在某个房间里”） 例句：Where is Dad?（爸爸在哪里？） (2) 询问复数（人 / 物）：Where + are + 主语（we/you/they/ 复数名词）+ 其他？ 回答：主语 + be 动词 + in + 房间名称（表 “在某个房间里”） 例句：—Where are Mum?（妈妈在哪里？） —He's sleeping in his bedroom.（他正在卧室睡觉。） 【大显身手】 对画线部分提问。 1. My storybooks are under the desk. →__________ __________ __________ storybooks? 2. Miss Lee is in the living room. →__________ __________ Miss Lee? 3. Amy is from the UK. →__________ is Amy __________? 4. The twins are sleeping in the bedroom. →__________ __________ __________ __________ sleeping? 写作指引 本单元写作核心主题为介绍自己的家庭规则（My family rules）。 一、写作方法指导 介绍家庭规则的写作分三步走： (1) 开头：开门见山：直接说明家里有一些规则，这些规则很重要 / 很有帮助。 (2) 正文：具体描述：列举 2-3 条最常见的家庭规则，用 “要做什么” 或 “不要做什么” 的句式表达，可简单说明规则的场景（如在客厅、厨房）。 (3) 结尾：表达感受：说说家庭规则的作用（如让家更安全、更温馨），或表达自己对家庭规则的看法（如觉得规则很有用、喜欢这些规则）。 二、核心素材积累 （一）必备词汇 (1) 家庭规则相关动作：do homework first 先做作业；tidy my room 整理我的房间；wash hands 洗手；use kind words 使用礼貌用语 (2) 禁止类动作：don't run 不要跑；don't touch hot things 不要碰热的东西；don't be loud 不要大声喧哗；don't make a mess 不要弄得一团糟；don't play with balls 不要玩球 (3) 家庭房间：living room 客厅；kitchen 厨房；bedroom 卧室；study 书房 (4) 描述规则的形容词：helpful 有用的；safe 安全的；happy 快乐的；good 好的 （二）必备句型 · 开头句型 There are some rules in my family. 我家有一些家庭规则。 My family has many good rules. 我家有很多好的家庭规则。 Family rules are very important for me. 家庭规则对我来说很重要。 · 正文句型 必须做某事：I must + 动词原形. 例：I must tidy my room every day. 我必须每天整理我的房间。 不得不做某事：I have to + 动词原形 + first. 例：I have to do my homework first after school. 放学后我必须先做作业。 禁止做某事：Don't + 动词原形 + (地点). 例：Don't run in the living room. 不要在客厅里跑。 例：Don't touch hot things in the kitchen. 不要在厨房里碰热的东西。 规则表达：We should + 动词原形. 例：We should use kind words at home. 我们在家应该使用礼貌用语。 · 结尾句型 These rules are very helpful. 这些规则非常有用。 The rules make our family happy and safe. 这些规则让我的家既温馨又安全。 I like my family rules. They are good for me. 我喜欢我的家庭规则，它们对我有好处。 Following family rules is a good habit. 遵守家庭规则是一个好习惯。 三、写作训练 · 写作要求：以My family rules为题，介绍自己的家庭规则； 至少列举 2 条规则，语句通顺，无明显拼写和语法错误； 不少于 5 句话，用学过的简单句、祈使句表达。 · 写作思路提示： 开头：用 There are some rules in my family. 引出主题； 正文：写 2 条规则，比如 “先做作业”“不要在客厅跑”“饭前洗手”； 结尾：说说规则的作用，比如 These rules make our home safe. 四、参考范文 范文 1 My family rules There are some rules in my family. They are all helpful. I have to do my homework first after school. Don't run in the living room. It's not safe. I must wash my hands before dinner. These rules make my family happy and safe. I like my family rules. 综合训练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. I keep my desk (clean) and tidy my bedroom. 2. We work hard and (follow) the rules. 3. (help) your parents do housework. 4. Don’t (eat) in the bedroom. 5. (clean) your room, please. 6. Don’t (play) computer games after dinner. 7. (be) quiet at home. 8. There are many (rule) in our family. 9. My father is (sleep) now. Don’t be loud. 10. They (work) hard and follow family rules. 二、用所给的词填空，每词限用一次。 loud,  sleep,  bedroom,  kitchen 11. My parents are cooking in the . 12. Don’t be so ! The baby is sleeping. 13. —Where is my sister? —She is in the , taking a nap (小睡). 14. It’s time to . Good night! 三、单项选择。 ( )15. Don’t ________ in the house. It’s not safe. A. run B. runs C. running ( )16. —______ is the family rule? —Tidy your room. A. What B. Where C. When ( )17. This rule keeps ______ safe. A. I B. me C. my ( )18. —Do you like all your family rules ? —Yes, I do! For example, I agree with “______” It can keep germs (细菌) away. A. Wash your hands. B. Don’t touch hot things. C. Don’t run or jump in the living room. ( )19. Don’t ______ so loud! Dad is sleeping. A. be B. is C. are ( )20. 她在卧室睡觉。 A. She is sleeping in the bedroom. B. She is sleeping in the living room. C. She is sleeping in the kitchen. ( )21. —______ is Mum? —She is in the kitchen. A. What B. Where C. How ( )22. ______ be so loud! Dad is reading. A. Not B. Don’t C. Doesn’t ( )23. —Can I play games first? —No, you have to do ______ homework first. A. you B. your C. yours ( )24. —Can I watch TV? —No, you ______. A. can B. can’t C. don’t 四、情景匹配。A. We should use kind words. B. I can tidy my room. C. It’s a family rule. D. I have to do my homework first. E. Because it’s helpful. ( )25. What can you do at home? ( )26. What should we do when talking to others? ( )27. What do you have to do first after school? ( )28. What is this? ( )29. Why should we follow it? 五、回到家的Jack和John聊了些什么呢？选择合适的选项，补全对话。 Jack: John, where is Dad? John: 30 He is sleeping. Jack: 31 A. Let’s go and help her. B. He’s in the bedroom. C. Don’t touch hot things. D. Where is Mum? John: She’s in the kitchen. Jack: 32 John: OK. Be careful, Jack. 33 Jack: OK. 六、连词成句。 34. ruler, under, book, The, is, the (.) ____________________________________________________________ 35. after, reads, father, newspaper, dinner, My (.) ____________________________________________________________ 36. brother, is, My, water, drinking (.) ____________________________________________________________ 37. summer, hot, is, in, It (.) ____________________________________________________________ 38. number, students, is, 45, The, of (.) ____________________________________________________________ 七、根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 Hello! I’m Lily. I have a happy family. There are four people in my family: my father, my mother, my brother and me. My father often works in the study. My mother is a helpful woman. She often cooks in the kitchen and washes clothes for us. My brother likes to watch TV in the living room. But my mother says, “Don’t watch TV for too long. First, finish your homework.” I like to read books in my bedroom. It’s safe and quiet. ( )39. How many people are there in Lily’s family? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. ( )40. Where does Lily’s father often work? A. In the study. B. In the kitchen. C. In the living room. ( )41. What does Lily’s mother often do? A. She often watches TV. B. She often cooks and washes clothes. C. She often reads books. ( )42. What does Lily’s brother like to do? A. He likes to watch TV. B. He likes to read books. C. He likes to cook. ( )43. Where does Lily like to read books? A. In the living room. B. In her bedroom. C. In the study. 八、Lele发布了一条朋友圈动态。阅读Lele的动态，完成下列任务。 Moments Lele I’m at Amy’s home. Amy’s mother is washing clothes in the bathroom. Her father is watching TV in the living room. The little puppy Fido is eating in the kitchen. We’ll take him to the park. 15 minutes ago 5Xiaoyu: Fido is so cute! 44. 根据动态内容，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 ( )(1) Amy is at Lele’s home. ( )(2) Amy’s mother is in the living room. ( )(3) The puppy Fido is in the kitchen. 45. 下面哪项可能是Lele这条动态的评论？在相应的方框内打“√”。 □A. Can I go to the zoo with you? □B. I want to play with Fido too. □C. John is at Amy’s home too. 九、根据思维导图完成写作小练。 主题：My family rules 要求：1. 条理清晰，语句通顺； 2. 不少于5句话； 3. 正确使用课文中的核心句型和词汇。 There are some rules in my family. We follow the rules and feel happy. 参考答案 考点一：现在进行时的用法 一、1. A【点拨】问句主语是they（他们），回答需保持主语一致，故选A. 2. A【点拨】Amy and Mike是复数主语，be动词应用are,故选A. 3. B【点拨】句子为现在进行时（be+现在分词），make的现在分词是making，故选B. 4. B【点拨】问句是现在进行时的一般疑问句(Is+主语+doing...?)，回答需用is或isn't。 5. C 二、1. is watching 2. are having 3. Is;cleaning 4. am cooking 5. are singing 6. is lying 三、1. isn't sleeping 2. Is; sweeping; Yes; he is 3. is having 4. What is; doing 四、1. reading a book 2. playing with a ball 3. Yes; they are 4. No; she isn't 考点二：祈使句否定形式 1.A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 考点三：where引导的特殊疑问句 1.Where are your 2.Where is 3.Where from 4.Where are the twins 综合训练参考答案 1. clean 2. follow 3. Help 4. eat 5. Clean 6. play 7. Be 8. rules 9. sleeping 10. work 11. kitchen 12. loud 13. bedroom 14. sleep 15. A 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. E 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. The ruler is under the book. 35. My father reads newspaper after dinner. 36. My brother is drinking water. 37. It is hot in summer. 38. The number of students is 45. 39. B 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. F F T 45. ☑B 46. 范文： My family rules There are some rules in my family. They are good for me and my family. First, I use kind words to my parents and sister. Second, I tidy my bedroom every day. This rule keeps me healthy. Third, I don’t play balls in the living room. It’s not safe. We all follow these family rules. I feel good and my family feels good too. We follow the rules and feel happy. 第 1 页 共 13 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $