Unit 1 Class rules（期中知识清单）四年级英语下学期（人教PEP版·新教材）

知识清单·人教PEP版四年级下册 Unit 1 Class rules 知识梳理 知识点拨 ➊ 祈使句的用法 ➋情态动词can的用法 ➌ 英文中的“开”和“关” 考点一：祈使句的用法 Turn off the lights after school. Put your hand up to speak. 祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、建议或禁止的句子，本单元核心围绕 “班级规则” 展开，祈使句是核心句型，分为肯定式和否定式： 1. 肯定祈使句：以动词原形开头，表达 “要求做某事”，常搭配礼貌用语Please（可置于句首或句末，句末用逗号隔开）。 结构：动词原形 + 其他成分（+ , Please. / Please + 动词原形 + 其他成分） 例句：Keep the classroom clean.保持教室干净。 Please put your hand up to speak.请举手发言。 2. 否定祈使句：以 “Don't + 动词原形” 开头，表达 “禁止做某事”，无主语。 结构：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他成分 例句：Don't eat in class.不要在课堂上吃东西。 Don't be late.不要迟到。 【大显身手】 一、用括号内所给词（组）的适当形式填空。 1. __________(keep) the classroom clean. 2. __________(not make) noises（噪音）. My mother is sleeping. 3.Shh! Don't __________(talk) in class. 4.Please __________(put) your hand up __________(speak). 5.Let __________(we) go to the park tomorrow. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. __________ in bed. It's bad for your eyes. A.Not read B.Don't read C.Don't to read ( )2.Please __________ look outside.Look at the blackboard. A.don't B.can't C.not ( )3. __________ photos in this room.These frescos（壁画）are very fragile（脆弱的）. A.Not B.Don't C.No ( )4.Boys and girls, __________ your workbooks,please. A.handing in B.hand in C.hand ( )5.Don't __________ late for school again. A./ B.is C.be 三、按要求完成句子。 1.Take your toys to school.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 2.No eating in class.（改为同义句） ____________________________________________________________ 3.请关上窗户。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________________ 4.根据图片，用英文写出其代表的标识语。 ____________________________________________________________ 考点二：情态动词can的用法 I can put back the desks and chairs. Can I take this apple? 一、定义：can为情态动词，表示能力或许可，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，一起构成谓语。 二、结构： (1) 肯定句：主语+ can+动词原形（+其他）。 I can clean the blackboard.我能擦黑板。 (2) 否定句：主语+ can't(cannot)+动词原形（+其他）. You can't take toys to school.你不能带玩具到学校。 (3) 一般疑问句：—Can+主语+动词原形（+其他）？—Yes,主语+ can./ No, 主语+ can't. —Can they come to the party?他们能来派对吗？ —Yes, they can.是的，她们能。 (4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形（+其他）？ —Where can she go?她可以去哪里？ —She can go to Dalian.她可以去大连。 · 将含有can的句子改为一般疑问句时，把can提至句首，其首字母改为大写，句点改为问号。 · 当含有can的一般疑问句的主语是I时，表示请求，希望得到对方许可。回答要包含肯定(Yes/ Sure...)或否定(No/ Sorry...), 并根据具体情境表达。 · 将含有can的句子改为特殊疑问句时，首先在句首加上特殊疑问词，然后把can提至疑问词之后，句点改为问号。 【大显身手】 一、根据图片填空。 1.—__________ I take an __________? —Yes, you can. 2. My friend Alice is quiet and nice. She __________ __________ pictures. 3.—Can I __________ __________ outside? —__________, you __________. 4. It's cloudy and warm. I __________ __________ a __________ in the park. 5. I __________ __________ __________ the __________. 二、按要求完成句子。 1. I can sing and dance.（改为疑问句） ____________________________________________________________ 2. Jenny and Joe can fly a kite.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 3. John can sweep the floor.（对画线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 4. Can I sing in the library?（根据生活常识回答） ____________________________________________________________ 5. What can't you do in class?（结合实际作答） ____________________________________________________________ 考点三：英文中的“开”和“关” Turn on the fan, please. Don’t turn off the lights before leaving. 英文中表达 “开” 和 “关” 的核心短语有三组，核心区别在于适用对象和使用场景，需结合具体事物选择正确表达，避免混淆： 1. turn on /turn off（最常用） · 含义：表示 “打开 / 关闭电器、设备或机器”，强调启动 / 停止设备的运行功能。 · 适用对象：电器（灯、风扇、电视、电脑）、电子设备（手机、收音机）、水 / 煤气等管道类设施。 例句：Turn on the fan, please.（请打开风扇。） Don’t turn off the lights before leaving.（离开前别关灯。） She turned on the TV to watch the news.（她打开电视看新闻。） 2. open /close（物理开合） · 含义：表示 “打开 / 关闭可物理开合的物体”，强调改变物体的闭合状态（从合到开、从开到合）。 · 适用对象：门、窗、书、盒子、雨伞、眼睛、嘴巴等具有物理开合结构的事物。 例句：Close the window. It’s cold outside.（关上窗户，外面冷。） Open your book to Page 10.（把书翻到第 10 页。） He closed the door quietly.（他轻轻地关上了门。） 【大显身手】 一、选择合适的词（组）填入句子，并选择对应的图片。（可重复选择） Turn off Close Turn on Open ( )1. __________ your pencil box. ( )2. __________ the lights. It's too dark（黑暗的）inside. ( )3. __________ your computer. Time for bed. ( )4. __________ the door. It's too noisy（吵闹的）outside. ( )5. __________ your book. Turn to Page 10. A. B. C. D. E. 写作指引 本单元核心围绕“班级规则”展开，写作重点是让学生能用简单的英语句子表达班级里的行为规范，培养学生的规则意识和英语书面表达能力。 一、写作指导 1. 第一步：审题立意 明确写作主题是“Class rules”（班级规则），核心是“表达班级里应该做、不应该做的事情”。 2. 第二步：梳理素材 引导学生结合本单元所学和实际班级生活，梳理3-5条核心规则，如“按时上课”“认真听讲”“保持安静”“爱护物品”等。 3. 第三步：组织表达 用本单元所学句型，将梳理的规则转化为简单的英语句子。 二、写作结构 结合四年级学生的写作能力，采用“总—分—总”的简单结构，具体结构如下： 第一段：开头（总起，点明主题） 示例：We have many class rules. They help us have a good class. 第二段：中间（分述，列出核心规则） 示例：First, we should be on time for class. Second, we should listen to the teacher carefully. Third, we should keep quiet in class. 第三段：结尾（总结，表达态度） 示例：I will follow all the class rules. Let’s keep our class clean and tidy. 三、必用核心句型 （一）祈使句 · Keep + 形容词. （保持某种状态） 例句：Keep quiet. （保持安静。）/ Keep the classroom clean. （保持教室干净。） · Don’t + 动词原形. （不要做某事） 例句：Don’t run in the classroom. （不要在教室里跑。） Don’t talk in class. （不要在课堂上说话。） · Listen to + 名词. （听……） 例句：Listen to the teacher. （听老师讲课。） · Be + 形容词. （保持某种状态） 例句：Be quiet. （保持安静。）/ Be polite. （要有礼貌。） （二）情态动词should句型 · We should + 动词原形. （我们应该做某事） 例句：We should listen carefully. （我们应该认真听讲。） We should help each other. （我们应该互相帮助。） · We should not (shouldn’t) + 动词原形. （我们不应该做某事） 例句：We shouldn’t be late. （我们不应该迟到。） （三）补充连接词 用于中间段分述规则，帮助学生梳理顺序，简单易记：First（首先）, Second（其次）, Third（第三）, Finally（最后） 四、写作范文： 题目：班级规则 Class Rules We have many class rules. They help us have a good class. First, we should be on time for class. Second, we should listen to the teacher carefully. Third, we shouldn’t run in the classroom. Finally, keep the classroom clean. I will follow all the class rules. Let’s make our class better! 综合训练 一、Jenny的妹妹Judy对小学生活很好奇，Jenny告诉了她一些班级规则。根据图片，填写单词，补全句子。 1. Hurry up. It's 7:58 a.m. Don't be __________ for class. 2. No littering. Keep the __________ clean, please. 3. If（如果）you want to speak in class, put your __________ up, please. 4. To save energy（节省能源）, turn off the __________ after school. 5. Don't take any snacks（零食）to school. Don't __________ in class. 二、选择正确的词填空。 1. Don't__________(put/ puts) the pictures on the wall. 2. Play the music. __________(Let/ Let's) dance! 3. Never __________(crossing/ cross) the road at the red light. 4. __________(Be/ Let) nice to your classmates. 5. No __________(swim/ swimming) in the river. It's not safe. 三、Jenny准备在学校开放日这天带妹妹Judy来学校参观。从方框中选择合适的选 项补全对话。A. Judy, we can go to the school today. B. But don't eat in class. C. Can I take my bag? D. Can I take some bananas to school? E. Judy, you can't take toys to school. Jenny: 1. __________ Judy: Great! Thank you, Jenny. I'm ready! Jenny: 2. __________ Judy: Oh, sorry.3. __________ Jenny: Yes, you can. Judy: 4. __________ Jenny: Yes, you can.5. __________ Judy: I see（我知道了）. Let's go! 四、蓝蓝用绘画的方式来宣传和倡导正确的行为。请为下列描述选择合适的图片。 A. B. C. D. E. ( )1. Turn off the lights after school. ( )2. Don't be late for school. ( )3. Keep the classroom clean. ( )4. Don't sleep in class. ( )5. Put your hand up to speak. 五、典典参加了演讲比赛。选择正确的单词并用其适当形式填空，补全演讲稿。 when keep rule eat take In my class, there are some class 1.__________ to follow. You can't 2.__________ toys to school. You can't 3.__________ in class. Help teachers and your classmates 4.__________ they need help. Please be nice to everyone.5.__________ the classroom clean and tidy. 六、生活运用四（1）班的同学们正在打扫卫生呢！根据图片和对话，将姓名与对应人物匹配。 Tony: Let's clean the classroom.A.Tony B.Mike C.Alice D.Amy E.Lucy F.John Students: OK! Mike: Let's put back the desks and chairs, Alice. Alice: OK. Amy: Let me clean the doors and windows. Lucy: Let me sweep the floor. John: Let me clean the blackboard. Tony: Let me help you, Lucy. *开放问答Before they leave（离开）the classroom, what else（其他）do they need to do? They need to ____________________________________________________________. 七、Tom在介绍他的新教室。看图，补全短文。 Hello, I'm Tom. This is my . What's in it? Let's have a look. You can see a , a yellow and two green . The are nice. The four are new. 八、Tom的房间很乱，爸爸让他整理物品并收拾书包。根据图片从方框中选择合适的 句子补全短文并回答问题。 Oh no! My room is so messy（乱糟糟的）.1. __________ There are so many books on the desk.2. __________ Two pencils and an eraser are on the bed.3. __________ But where is my pencil box? Look!4. __________ Then I can put the pencil box in the schoolbag too.5. __________ The desk and chair are clean! Then, I put my toy car in the box.①Where is my kite? ②Is it on the wall? Can you help me find it? A. I can put them in my pencil box. B. Put back my chair. C. Let me clean my room. D. It's on the floor. E. I can put them in my schoolbag. 6.请回答画线问句：①______________________________ ②______________________________ 7. 自主学习According to the text and the picture（根据短文和图）, what else can Tom do to clean his room? __________________________________________________ 参考答案 考点一：祈使句的用法 一、1. Keep 2. Don't make 3. talk 4. put; to speak 5. us 二、1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 三、1. Don't take your toys to school. 2. Don't eat in class. 3. Please close the window./ Close the window, please. 4. Don't swim here./ No swimming. 考点二：情态动词can的用法 一、1. Can; apple 2. can draw 3. play football; No; can't 4. can take; walk 5. can turn off; fan(s) 二、1. Can you sing or dance? 2. Jenny and Joe can't fly a kite. 3. What can John do? 4. No, you can't. 5. I can't eat/ sleep/ talk in class. 考点三：英文中的“开”和“关” 1. B; Close 2. D; Turn on 3. A; Turn off 4. E; Close 5. C; Open 综合训练参考答案 一、1. late 2. classroom 3. hand 4. lights 5. eat 二、1. put 【点拨】祈使句否定结构为“Don't +动 词原形+其他。”。 2. Let's 【点拨】“Let's +动词原形”是固定结构， 意为“让我们……”。 3. cross【点拨】“Never+动词原形”构成祈使句， 意为“绝不……”。 4. Be 【点拨】“Be+形容词。”是固定结构。 5. swimming 【点拨】“No+ doing”是祈使句的否 定形式，意为“禁止做⋯⋯”。 三、1. A 2. E 3. C 4. D 5. B 四、1.E 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 五、1.rules 2.take 3.eat 4.when 5.Keep 六、1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. E 6. F close the doors/ turn off the lights（答案不唯一，言 之有理即可） 七、classroom; blackboard; door; windows; fans; lights 八、1. C 2. E 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. ①It's under the bed. ②No, it isn't. 7. He can put the kite on the wall.（答案不唯一，言 之有理即可） 第 1 页 共 13 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $