Unit 8 Lesson 4 Theme Reading（知识清单&检测）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材仁爱科普版）

Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! Lesson 4 Theme Reading 知识清单 本课时单词梳理 单词 音标 中文释义 number /ˈnʌmbə(r)/ v. 标号；给…… 编号 /n. 数字；数量 directly /dəˈrektli/ adv. 直接；径直 case /keɪs/ n. 情况；事例 invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；创造 shell /ʃel/ n. 壳；贝壳 warring /ˈwɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 战争的；交战的 rope /rəʊp/ n. 粗绳；绳索 easily /ˈiːzɪli/ adv. 容易地；轻易地 less /les/ det./pron. 较少的；更少的 metal /ˈmetl/ n. 金属 invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明；创造 technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ n. 技术；工艺 almost /ˈɔːlməʊst/ adv. 几乎；差不多 exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ v. 存在；实际上有 covering /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/ n. （一层）覆盖层；遮盖物 situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n. 情况；状况；形势 goods /ɡʊdz/ n. 商品；货品 service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 服务 develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 发展；发育；开发 period /ˈpɪəriəd/ n. 时期；阶段 emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ n. 皇帝 dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 朝代；王朝 square /skweə(r)/ adj. 方形的 /n. 正方形；广场 hole /həʊl/ n. 洞；孔 century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪；百年 government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n. 政府 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产；制造 digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ adj. 数字的；数码的 tourist /ˈtʊərɪst/ n. 游客；旅行者 form /fɔːm/ n. 形式；形态 /v. 形成 trade /treɪd/ v./n. 交易；贸易 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 in this case 在这种情况下 over time 随着时间的推移 a form of 一种…… 的形式 trade goods directly 直接以物换物 do business 做生意；做交易 bring together 统一；合并 continue to do sth. 继续做某事 across the country 全国范围内 make payment 付款；支付 paper money 纸币 kinds of 各种各样的 information technology 信息技术 the history of …… 的历史 digital money 数字货币 be used as 被用作…… in the future 在未来 the symbol of …… 的象征 all over the world 全世界 pay for 为…… 付款 make sth. easier 让某事变得更便利 1.What is money? When people pay for goods or services, they use some kinds of money. 什么是货币？当人们为商品或服务付款时，他们会使用某些种类的货币。 2.But do you know how money has developed over time? 但你知道货币是如何随着时间推移而发展的吗？ 3.Before people used money, they traded goods directly. For example, a person might trade a cow for five sheep. 在人们使用货币之前，他们直接进行以物换物。例如，一个人可能用一头牛换五只羊。 4.In this case, the cow was used as a form of “money”. 在这种情况下，牛就被用作了一种 “货币” 形式。 5.People in ancient China invented shell money. Even today we can see the symbol of “shell” in many Chinese characters about money or trade. 中国古代的人们发明了贝币。即使在今天，我们也能在许多和货币、贸易相关的汉字中看到 “贝” 的象征。 6.To make doing business easier across the country, he made the whole country use the same type of money—a round coin with a square hole in the center. 为了让全国范围内的商业往来更便利，他让全国使用同一种货币 —— 圆形方孔钱。 7.With such a hole, people could put the money together with a rope and carry them around easily. 有了这样的孔，人们可以用绳子把钱串起来，方便随身携带。 8.Centuries later, when there was less metal for making money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money—“jiaozi”. 几个世纪后，当用于铸币的金属短缺时，宋朝政府开始发行纸币 ——“交子”。 9.Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. 如今，随着信息技术的发展，人们开始使用数字货币。 10.If a foreign tourist visits China, he will find people pay for almost everything through their mobile phones. 如果外国游客来中国，他会发现人们几乎所有东西都用手机支付。 11.But money will surely continue to exist in some form. 但货币一定会以某种形式继续存在下去。 （一）高频词汇用法 1. invent /invention 词性转换 invent 是动词，意为 “发明；创造”，指创造出原本不存在的新事物； invention 是名词，意为 “发明；发明物”； 搭配：invent sth. 发明某物；a great invention 一项伟大的发明； 例：People in ancient China invented paper money.（中国古代的人们发明了纸币）； Paper money is a great invention in the world.（纸币是世界上一项伟大的发明）。 2. develop 的多义与变形 动词，核心含义：① 发展；② 养成；③ 开发；本课时核心义为 “发展”； 搭配：develop over time 随时间发展；develop a good habit 养成好习惯； 变形：名词 development（发展）；形容词 developing（发展中的）、developed（发达的）； 3. be used as 被动结构，意为 “被用作……”，as 后接名词，表事物的用途； 易混辨析： be used as：被用作（表用途），例：The cow was used as a form of money. be used for：被用于做某事（for 后接动名词，表目的），例：The knife is used for cutting things. be used by：被…… 使用（by 后接动作执行者），例：The tool is used by workers. 4. less 的用法 less 是 little 的比较级，意为 “更少的”，修饰不可数名词； 对应修饰可数名词的比较级是 fewer，反义词均为 more（更多的）； 搭配：less than 少于；less + 不可数名词； 例：There is less time left.（剩下的时间更少了）。 （二）阅读策略 本课时是说明文阅读体裁，核心考查两大阅读策略： 1. 分析作者写作目的 本文标题为The History of Money，全文按时间顺序客观介绍货币的发展历程，核心写作目的是 to inform（告知读者信息），这是说明文的核心写作目的； 解题技巧：中考阅读中，科普 / 说明类文本的作者目的多为 inform，议论文多为 persuade（劝说），故事 / 笑话类多为 entertain（娱乐）。 2. 推理判断题 解题核心逻辑：文本信息 + 常识储备 = 合理推断，推断必须基于原文，不能主观臆断； 本课时典型考点：推断外国游客在中国的支付方式，原文信息为 “中国人几乎所有消费都用手机支付”，结合常识可推断出：Foreign tourists will also use mobile phones to make payments in China. （三）语法点巩固 1.时间 / 条件状语从句 as 引导时间状语从句：意为 “随着……”，例：Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. if 引导条件状语从句：遵循主将从现规则，例：If a foreign tourist visits China, he will find people pay for almost everything through their mobile phones. 2.一般过去时的被动语态 结构：was/were + 动词过去分词，用于描述过去的被动动作； 例：The same type of money was used across the country.（全国都使用同一种货币）。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! Lesson 4 Theme Reading 知识清单 本课时单词梳理 单词 音标 中文释义 /ˈnʌmbə(r)/ v. 标号；给…… 编号 /n. 数字；数量 /dəˈrektli/ adv. 直接；径直 /keɪs/ n. 情况；事例 /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；创造 /ʃel/ n. 壳；贝壳 /ˈwɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 战争的；交战的 /rəʊp/ n. 粗绳；绳索 /ˈiːzɪli/ adv. 容易地；轻易地 /les/ det./pron. 较少的；更少的 /ˈmetl/ n. 金属 /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明；创造 /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ n. 技术；工艺 /ˈɔːlməʊst/ adv. 几乎；差不多 /ɪɡˈzɪst/ v. 存在；实际上有 /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/ n. （一层）覆盖层；遮盖物 /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n. 情况；状况；形势 /ɡʊdz/ n. 商品；货品 /ˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 服务 /dɪˈveləp/ v. 发展；发育；开发 /ˈpɪəriəd/ n. 时期；阶段 /ˈempərə(r)/ n. 皇帝 /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 朝代；王朝 /skweə(r)/ adj. 方形的 /n. 正方形；广场 /həʊl/ n. 洞；孔 /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪；百年 /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n. 政府 /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产；制造 /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ adj. 数字的；数码的 /ˈtʊərɪst/ n. 游客；旅行者 /fɔːm/ n. 形式；形态 /v. 形成 /treɪd/ v./n. 交易；贸易 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 在这种情况下 随着时间的推移 一种…… 的形式 直接以物换物 做生意；做交易 统一；合并 继续做某事 全国范围内 付款；支付 纸币 各种各样的 信息技术 …… 的历史 数字货币 被用作…… 在未来 …… 的象征 全世界 为…… 付款 让某事变得更便利 1.What is money? When people pay for ________or services, they use some ________ ________ ________. 什么是货币？当人们为商品或服务付款时，他们会使用某些种类的货币。 2.But do you know ________ money has ________ over time? 但你知道货币是如何随着时间推移而发展的吗？ 3.Before people used money, they traded goods ________ . For example, a person might ________ a cow five sheep. 在人们使用货币之前，他们直接进行以物换物。例如，一个人可能用一头牛换五只羊。 4.________ ________ ________, the cow was used ________ a form of “money”. 在这种情况下，牛就被用作了一种 “货币” 形式。 5.People in ancient China invented shell money. Even today we can see the symbol of “shell” in many Chinese characters about money or trade. 中国古代的人们发明了贝币。即使在今天，我们也能在许多和货币、贸易相关的汉字中看到 “贝” 的象征。 6.________ ________ doing business ________ across the country, he made the whole country use the same type of money—a round coin with a square hole in the center. 为了让全国范围内的商业往来更便利，他让全国使用同一种货币 —— 圆形方孔钱。 7.With such a hole, people could ________ the money ________ with a rope and carry them around easily. 有了这样的孔，人们可以用绳子把钱串起来，方便随身携带。 8.Centuries later, when there was less metal for making money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce ________ ________—“jiaozi”. 几个世纪后，当用于铸币的金属短缺时，宋朝政府开始发行纸币 ——“交子”。 9.Now, ________ ________ ________ ________ people begin to use digital money. 如今，随着信息技术的发展，人们开始使用数字货币。 10.If a foreign tourist visits China, he will find people pay for almost everything through their mobile phones. 如果外国游客来中国，他会发现人们几乎所有东西都用手机支付。 11.But money will surely continue to exist in some form. 但货币一定会以某种形式继续存在下去。 （一）高频词汇用法 1. invent /invention 词性转换 invent 是动词，意为 “发明；创造”，指创造出原本不存在的新事物； invention 是名词，意为 “发明；发明物”； 搭配：invent sth. 发明某物；a great invention 一项伟大的发明； 例：People in ancient China invented paper money.（中国古代的人们发明了纸币）； Paper money is a great invention in the world.（纸币是世界上一项伟大的发明）。 2. develop 的多义与变形 动词，核心含义：① 发展；② 养成；③ 开发；本课时核心义为 “发展”； 搭配：develop over time 随时间发展；develop a good habit 养成好习惯； 变形：名词 development（发展）；形容词 developing（发展中的）、developed（发达的）； 3. be used as 被动结构，意为 “被用作……”，as 后接名词，表事物的用途； 易混辨析： be used as：被用作（表用途），例：The cow was used as a form of money. be used for：被用于做某事（for 后接动名词，表目的），例：The knife is used for cutting things. be used by：被…… 使用（by 后接动作执行者），例：The tool is used by workers. 4. less 的用法 less 是 little 的比较级，意为 “更少的”，修饰不可数名词； 对应修饰可数名词的比较级是 fewer，反义词均为 more（更多的）； 搭配：less than 少于；less + 不可数名词； 例：There is less time left.（剩下的时间更少了）。 （二）阅读策略 本课时是说明文阅读体裁，核心考查两大阅读策略： 1. 分析作者写作目的 本文标题为The History of Money，全文按时间顺序客观介绍货币的发展历程，核心写作目的是 to inform（告知读者信息），这是说明文的核心写作目的； 解题技巧：中考阅读中，科普 / 说明类文本的作者目的多为 inform，议论文多为 persuade（劝说），故事 / 笑话类多为 entertain（娱乐）。 2. 推理判断题 解题核心逻辑：文本信息 + 常识储备 = 合理推断，推断必须基于原文，不能主观臆断； 本课时典型考点：推断外国游客在中国的支付方式，原文信息为 “中国人几乎所有消费都用手机支付”，结合常识可推断出：Foreign tourists will also use mobile phones to make payments in China. （三）语法点巩固 1.时间 / 条件状语从句 as 引导时间状语从句：意为 “随着……”，例：Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. if 引导条件状语从句：遵循主将从现规则，例：If a foreign tourist visits China, he will find people pay for almost everything through their mobile phones. 2.一般过去时的被动语态 结构：was/were + 动词过去分词，用于描述过去的被动动作； 例：The same type of money was used across the country.（全国都使用同一种货币）。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! Lesson 4 Theme Reading 一、重点短语梳理 1.在这种情况下 2.一种…… 的形式 3.做生意 4.继续做某事 5.付款 6.各种各样的 7.…… 的历史 8.被用作 9.…… 的象征 10.为…… 付款 二、词语运用 1.The __________ (invent) of paper money greatly changed people’s lives. 2.We can carry these books __________ (easy) with a big bag. 3.There are different __________ (good) on sale in the shopping mall. 4.They talked __________ (direct) about their study problems. 5.A __________ (tour) from Australia visited our school last week. 6.The n__________ of students in our reading club is 20. 7.We need a long r__________ to tie the heavy boxes. 8.With the development of t__________, mobile payment is everywhere. 9.It’s __________ /ˈɔːlməʊst/ 7 o’clock—we have to hurry. 10.What’s the __________ /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ of your group’s project? 三、按要求完成句子 1.木头可以被用作制作桌椅等家具。 Wood ______ ______ ______ ______ material to make furniture like desks and chairs. 2.我们得继续练习口语来提高英语水平。 We have to ________ ________ ________ oral English to improve our English. 3.She paid for the dress with her mobile phone.（改为一般疑问句） ________ ________ ________ ________ the dress with her mobile phone? 4.They do business with a company in Guangzhou.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ ________ ________with a company in Guangzhou? 5.in, people, money, different, kinds of, use, daily life _______________________________________________. 四、语法选择 Money is very important in our life. We use it to buy things we need every day. But do you know how money developed? Long ago, people __1__ not use coins or paper. They traded things like food and tools directly. For example, a farmer with too much rice __2__ it for some meat from a hunter. Today, we have many ways to pay. We can use cash, cards, or our phones. But remember, __3__ you want to buy something expensive, you should make a plan first. It's a good habit __4__ your pocket money wisely. Learning about money helps us understand the world __5__. ( )1. A. do B. did C. does ( )2. A. trades B. traded C. will trade ( )3. A. unless B. because C. if ( )4. A. to manage B. managing C. manage ( )5. A. good B. better C. well 五、阅读填表 An Unusual Thief（小偷） No one likes thieves, but for people in a small town in California, they just smile when they find small things missing. That’s because the “thief” is a cute cat named Dusty. A few years ago, Jean Chu and her family adopted（收养） Dusty as their pet. Not long after Dusty moved into their house, the family started finding new things around their home. One morning, they found a child’s toy car by the door. The next day, a colorful sock was on the kitchen table. At first, no one knew where these things came from. Then they noticed a pattern（发现规律）: the new things always appeared in the morning. And who went out every night? It was Dusty, of course. It was hard to catch Dusty “stealing” at first. Then workers from the TV show Must Love Cats heard about Dusty’s story. They wanted to inform more people about this funny cat and entertain them with its story, so they decided to make a short film. They used an infrared camera (红外摄像机) to follow Dusty. Sure enough, the camera caught Dusty bringing a small teddy bear back home one night! Soon the film became popular online. Dusty is a celebrity（名人） now. Every day, people come to Chu’s house to get their lost things back. They even bring Dusty cat treats as a joke, and they have all become good friends. Title An unusual thief Author’s purpose 1. To _________and _________ readers about the cat thief. Problem 2. The family always found _________ things around. Clue 1 3. ____________________________ in the morning. Clue 2 4. Dusty went out _______________________. Inference It was Dusty who brought these things home. Action by the TV show 5. Made a _________ about Dusty. Result 6. The cat is a _________ now. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! Lesson 4 Theme Reading 一、重点短语梳理 1.在这种情况下 in this case 2.一种…… 的形式 a form of 3.做生意 do business 4.继续做某事 continue to do sth. 5.付款 make payment 6.各种各样的 kinds of 7.…… 的历史 the history of 8.被用作 be used as 9.…… 的象征 the symbol of 10.为…… 付款 pay for 二、词语运用 1.The invention (invent) of paper money greatly changed people’s lives. 2.We can carry these books easily (easy) with a big bag. 3.There are different goods (good) on sale in the shopping mall. 4.They talked directly (direct) about their study problems. 5.A tourist (tour) from Australia visited our school last week. 6.The number of students in our reading club is 20. 7.We need a long rope to tie the heavy boxes. 8.With the development of technology, mobile payment is everywhere. 9.It’s almost /ˈɔːlməʊst/ 7 o’clock—we have to hurry. 10.What’s the situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ of your group’s project? 三、按要求完成句子 1.木头可以被用作制作桌椅等家具。 Wood can be used as material to make furniture like desks and chairs. 2.我们得继续练习口语来提高英语水平。 We have to continue to practice oral English to improve our English. 3.She paid for the dress with her mobile phone.（改为一般疑问句） Did she pay for the dress with her mobile phone? 4.They do business with a company in Guangzhou.（对划线部分提问） What do they do with a company in Guangzhou? 5.in, people, money, different, kinds of, use, daily life People use different kinds of money in daily life. 四、语法选择 Money is very important in our life. We use it to buy things we need every day. But do you know how money developed? Long ago, people __1__ not use coins or paper. They traded things like food and tools directly. For example, a farmer with too much rice __2__ it for some meat from a hunter. Today, we have many ways to pay. We can use cash, cards, or our phones. But remember, __3__ you want to buy something expensive, you should make a plan first. It's a good habit __4__ your pocket money wisely. Learning about money helps us understand the world __5__. 1. A. do B. did C. does 2. A. trades B. traded C. will trade 3. A. unless B. because C. if 4. A. to manage B. managing C. manage 5. A. good B. better C. well 五、阅读填表 An Unusual Thief（小偷） No one likes thieves, but for people in a small town in California, they just smile when they find small things missing. That’s because the “thief” is a cute cat named Dusty. A few years ago, Jean Chu and her family adopted（收养） Dusty as their pet. Not long after Dusty moved into their house, the family started finding new things around their home. One morning, they found a child’s toy car by the door. The next day, a colorful sock was on the kitchen table. At first, no one knew where these things came from. Then they noticed a pattern（发现规律）: the new things always appeared in the morning. And who went out every night? It was Dusty, of course. It was hard to catch Dusty “stealing” at first. Then workers from the TV show Must Love Cats heard about Dusty’s story. They wanted to inform more people about this funny cat and entertain them with its story, so they decided to make a short film. They used an infrared camera (红外摄像机) to follow Dusty. Sure enough, the camera caught Dusty bringing a small teddy bear back home one night! Soon the film became popular online. Dusty is a celebrity（名人） now. Every day, people come to Chu’s house to get their lost things back. They even bring Dusty cat treats as a joke, and they have all become good friends. Title An unusual thief Author’s purpose 1. To _________and _________ readers about the cat thief. Problem 2. The family always found _________ things around. Clue 1 3. ____________________________ in the morning. Clue 2 4. Dusty went out _______________________. Inference It was Dusty who brought these things home. Action by the TV show 5. Made a _________ about Dusty. Result 6. The cat is a _________ now. 1. inform; entertain 2. new 3. The new things always appeared 4. every night 5. short film 6. celebrity 【解析】 第1题：原文第三段明确提到 “They wanted to inform more people about this funny cat and entertain them with its story”，直接对应作者的写作目的是 “告知” 和 “娱乐” 读者。 第2题：根据第二段 “the family started finding new things around their home”，可知这家人的问题是总在家附近发现新物品。 第3题：第二段中 “Then they noticed a pattern: the new things always appeared in the morning”，这是发现的第一条线索。 第4题：第二段 “And who went out every night? It was Dusty, of course.”，指出 Dusty 每晚都会外出，是第二条关键线索。 第5题：第三段 “so they decided to make a short film”，说明电视节目团队为这只猫制作了一部短片。 第6题：第四段 “Dusty is a celebrity now”，直接给出结果 —— 这只猫成了名人。 译文： 一只不寻常的小偷 没人喜欢小偷，但对于加利福尼亚州一个小镇的居民来说，当他们发现小物件丢失时，只会会心一笑。这是因为这位 “小偷” 是一只名叫达斯提的可爱猫咪。 几年前，朱珍（Jean Chu）一家收养了达斯提作为宠物。达斯提搬进家后不久，这家人就开始在家周围发现一些新东西。一天早上，他们在门口发现了一辆儿童玩具车；第二天，厨房桌子上又出现了一只彩色袜子。起初，没人知道这些东西从何而来。后来他们发现了规律：这些新物品总是在早上出现。而每晚出门的是谁呢？当然是达斯提。 一开始很难抓到达斯提 “行窃” 的现行。后来，电视节目《猫咪爱好者》（Must Love Cats）的工作人员听说了达斯提的故事。他们想让更多人了解这只有趣的猫，并用它的故事给大家带来欢乐，于是决定制作一部短片。他们用红外摄像机跟踪达斯提，果然，摄像机拍到了达斯提在一个晚上叼着一只小泰迪熊回家的画面！ 很快，这部短片在网上走红。达斯提现在成了名人。每天都有人来到朱家取回丢失的物品，他们甚至还开玩笑地给达斯提带来猫零食，所有人都成了好朋友。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $