Unit 2 Natural Disasters 单元语法（动词不定式作定语和结果状语）练习-2025-2026学年高一英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 2 Natural Disasters 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 一、语法填空 1．He rushed to the station to catch the early train, only (tell) that it had already left. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他冲到车站去赶早班火车，结果却被告知火车已经开走了。“only +动词不定式”的结构，常用来表示出乎意料的结果；本句中主语he和tell之间是被动关系，所以要用动词不定式的被动形式to be told。故填to be told。 2．Where there is a small point difference, the effect of color is sufficient (tip) the balance. 【答案】to tip 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在分值差异较小时，颜色的作用足以打破平衡。固定搭配be sufficient to do sth.表示“足以做某事”，此处需用不定式作结果状语，故填to tip。 3．The pillars are strong enough to (sustain) the weight of the roof. 【答案】sustain 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些柱子足够坚固，能够支撑屋顶的重量。设空处前为不定式符号 to，此处应填动词原形构成动词不定式短语，作结果状语，根据下文“the weight of the roof (屋顶的重量)”可知此处应填表示“支撑”含义的表达，应用所给单词sustain的原形。故填sustain。 4．Why would we, as a society, put so much time and effort into constructing buildings that keep nature out, only (keep) bringing bits of it inside them constantly? 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为什么我们作为一个社会，投入大量时间和精力建造将自然阻挡在外的建筑，却又不断地把自然的一些元素带回室内呢？句子主干成分完整，结合空前的“only”可推知，空处表示出乎意料的结果，表示“不料却，结果却”，作句子的结果状语，因此用keep“重复，继续”的不定式形式。故填to keep。 5．Your brother is young enough (bounce) back from this disappointment. 【答案】to bounce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你弟弟还很年轻，足以从这次失望中恢复过来。此处为“形容词+enough+to do sth.”的固定搭配，意为“足够……去做某事”，不定式作结果状语，所给词bounce为动词，因此需用其不定式形式to bounce。故填to bounce。 6．So we should say they are fortunate enough (have) a hometown to return to when faced with difficulties. 【答案】to have 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我们应该说，他们很幸运，在遇到困难时有家乡可以回归。“be+形容词+enough to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“足够……去做某事”，其中enough后接动词不定式作结果状语。故填to have。 7．I opened the book, only (discover) that some pages were missing. 【答案】to discover 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我打开书，却发现有几页不见了。此处为only to do sth.结构，表示“结果却……，不料竟会……”，在此结构中，不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。故填to discover。 8．After the war they parted company, never (see) each other again. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：战争结束后，他们分手了，再也没有见过面。句子谓语动词是parted，空格处填入非谓语动词，never to do作结果状语，表示“再也没有做某事”。故填to see。 9．I was too weak (go) to school so my education suffered. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我太虚弱了以至于无法去上学，因此我的教育受到了影响。go to school“去上学”。too...to...表示“太……以至于不能……”，本空用go的不定式。故填to go。 10．Would you be kind enough (accommodate) us for the night in your home? 【答案】to accommodate 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：你能否好心在你家里让我们过夜？句子使用固定句型“be +adj.+ enough to do sth”表示“足够……去做某事”，不定式作结果状语。故填to accommodate。 11．More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot (host) such games by the end of this century. 【答案】to host 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：到本世纪末，超过一半的前冬奥会主办城市将过于炎热，无法举办此类奥运会。根据too……to……“太……而不能……”，此处应使用动词不定式作结果状语，故填to host。 12．The old lady was determined, even at her age, （climb）the mountain to find the herb（草药）that could save her sick son. 【答案】to climb 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这位老太太即使一把年纪了，也下定决心要爬上山去寻找能救她生病的儿子的草药。根据前文“The old lady was determined”可知，此处为短语be determined to do sth，表示“下定决心做某事”，故填to climb。 13．The infinite distances of space are too great for the human mind (comprehend). 【答案】to comprehend 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：宇宙的空间距离太过于无穷尽，以至于人类的大脑无法理解它。本题考查的是固定短语“too…to do…”，意为“太……而不能……”。故填to comprehend。 14．To be honest, he is too stubborn for you (persuade) him to go with us. 【答案】to persuade 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：老实说，他太固执了，你说服不了他和我们一起去。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“too…to…”，意为“太……而不能……”，为不定式作结果状语，“persuade”意为“说服”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to persuade。 15．To support her children, she got a job as a babysitter for children with mothers too busy (look) after their own children. 【答案】to look 【详解】考查非谓语动词，固定句型。句意：为了养活她的孩子，她找了一份保姆的工作，照顾那些因为母亲太忙而不能照顾自己孩子的孩子。too＋adj./adv.＋to do表示“太……而不能……”。故填to look。 16．First of all, you must be intelligent enough (get) a related college degree. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，你必须足够聪明才能够获得相关的大学学位。分析可知，句中为enough to结构中的不定式作结果状语。故填to get。 17．When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing (consider) is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency. 【答案】to consider 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你计划锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望改善的东西：心肺效率。名词thing被序数词the first修饰，其后应用动词不定式作后置定语，即“the first thing to do”即“要做的第一件事”。故填to consider。 18．With a target (restore) 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote regional sustainable development. 【答案】to restore 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到2030年，该正在进行的计划的目标是恢复234万公顷的退化土地，这将保护生态环境并促进地区的可持续发展。此处是with复合结构，target后常用动词不定式作后置定语，a target to do sth.表示“做某事的目标”。故填to restore。 19．If you have the nationality of a particular country, you’ll have the legal right (be) a citizen. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你拥有某个国家的国籍，你就有成为公民的合法权利。空格处需填入动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词right，表示“有做……的权利”用have the right to do sth.，为固定短语。故填to be。 20．If you are hunting a chance (improve) yourself in English, I think the English Corner will be a wise choice. 【答案】to improve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你正在寻找一个提升英语水平的机会，我认为英语角会是一个明智的选择。此处名词chance后跟不定式，作后置定语。故填to improve。 21．Taking part in some group activities is a good way (strengthen) friendships. 【答案】to strengthen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加一些团体活动是加强友谊的好方法。名词way意为“方法”，其后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“……的方法”；(strengthen) friendships作后置定语，用不定式形式to strengthen friendships作后置定语。故填to strengthen。 22．Find something (inspire) you and it'll keep you going. 【答案】to inspire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：找到能激励你的事物，它就能一直支持着你前行。此处不定式作后置定语，修饰something。故填to inspire。 23．It is the best way (approach) this difficult problem. 【答案】to approach 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是解决这个难题的最佳方法。“the best way to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“做某事的最佳方法”，用不定式to approach作后置定语修饰way。故填to approach。 24．That means you have tons of less-visited options (choose) from. 【答案】to choose 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着你有很多不太为人所知的选择可以从中挑选。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词options，表示“可供选择的选项”，option常用不定式作后置定语，故空处应用不定式形式to choose。故填to choose。 25．They are dreaming of the chance (admit) into the next Olympic Games. 【答案】to be admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们梦想着有机会获得下一届奥运会的参赛资格。根据句意可知，空格处作chance的后置定语, the chance to do sth意为“做某事的机会”；admit与They之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用不定式的被动式。应填to be admitted。 26．Luckily, they gained the opportunity (admit) into their ideal university. 【答案】to be admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，他们获得了被自己的理想大学录取的机会。句中有谓语动词gained，因此空处应填入非谓语动词。opportunity为名词，空处应为后置定语修饰该名词。opportunity to do sth表示“做某事的机会”，不定式作后置定语，且admit与句子主语they之间为逻辑上的被动关系，表示“被录取”，应用不定式的被动式。故填to be admitted。 27．We do believe John has the potential (become) a good leader. 【答案】to become 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们确实相信约翰有潜力成为一名优秀的领导者。believe后的宾语从句谓语为has，此处为非谓语动词，have the potential to do sth.为固定短语，意为“有潜力做某事”，所以空处应用动词become“成为”的不定式形式，作定语。故填to become。 28．These days, the square is a great place (see) traditional Chinese culture in real life, such as games of Chinese chess, and people practising tai chi. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，这个广场是在现实生活中领略中国传统文化的好地方，比如下中国象棋和人们练太极。空格处作后置定语修饰名词a great place，a place to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的地方”，不定式在此处表示目的或用途，故空处用不定式结构to see。故填to see。 29．These fleets were a sight (behold) and were in a league of their own at that time. 【答案】to behold 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。sight后接动词不定式to behold作定语。故填to behold。 30．The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. 【答案】 to be awarded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位女士是屠呦呦，第一位因她的工作而被授予诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。当名词前有序数词修饰时，后面常用不定式作后置定语；且scientist与award之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式to be awarded。故填to be awarded。 31．The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus (add) to the ever-growing list. 【答案】to add/to be added 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有充分文献证明定期锻炼的好处，但有一个新的好处可以添加到不断增长的列表中。在there be句型中作后置定语修饰bonus，应用动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作，可用to do也可用to be done形式。故填to add/to be added。 32．A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house... And it is a good time (fill) the new space with love and hopefully presents. 【答案】to fill 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：乔迁派对是指当某人购买或搬进新公寓或房子时举行的特殊派对……并且这是一个用爱和充满希望的礼物来填充新空间的好时机。a good time to do sth.表示“做某事的好时机”，空格处需要填入非谓语动词，用动词不定式形式作定语。故填to fill。 33．Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency (make) poor choices. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，如果我们面临过多的信息，我们有做出糟糕选择的倾向。make a choice/choices“做出选择”。have a tendency to do sth.为固定用法，表示“有做某事的倾向”，本空用make的不定式，作tendency的定语。故填to make。 34．The ability (pass) on knowledge and command respect is the essential qualification for teachers. 【答案】to pass 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：传授知识和赢得尊重的能力是教师必备的素质。名词ability后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的能力”，因此应用pass的不定式形式。故填to pass。 35．They are now under a great deal of pressure (tighten) their airport security. 【答案】to tighten 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们现在面临着加强机场安全的巨大压力。名词pressure后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的压力”，因此用tighten“加强”的不定式形式，be under pressure to do sth.意为“面临做某事的压力”。故填to tighten。 36．They are increasing their efforts (educate) teenagers about the side effects of losing weight quickly. 【答案】to educate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们正在加大力度教育青少年了解快速减肥的副作用。effort to do sth.固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”，不定式作定语，修饰effort。故填to educate。 37．She has become the first female physicist of her country (receive) the Prize. 【答案】to receive 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她成为该国首位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女物理学家。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语the first…to do…“第一个做某事的……”，所以此处为动词不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。 38．This is a famous saying (keep) in mind: “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一句名言，要记住：“这是一个人的一小步，是人类的一大步。”空处需填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词saying。故填to keep。 39．The astronaut on board the spacecraft has a lot of missions (carry)out. 【答案】to carry 【详解】考查不定式。句意：宇宙飞船上的宇航员有许多任务要执行。分析句子可知，carry out作后置定语修饰missions，表示未完成的动作，用不定式作定语，故填to carry。 40．In closing, astronauts must have a determined will and a strong desire (explore) the universe. 【答案】to explore 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，宇航员必须有坚定的意志和探索宇宙的强烈愿望。修饰名词desire，常用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to explore。 二、完成句子 41．她跑到海滩，却发现空无一人。 She ran to the beach . 【答案】only to find it empty 【详解】考查非谓语动词。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“却发现空无一人”，用only to do sth.表出乎意料的结果。“发现”译为find，使用“find + 宾语 + 宾补”结构：宾语为“海滩”，用it指代；宾补用形容词empty表示“空的，无人的”。故填only to find it empty。 42．他急忙赶到学校，结果发现那儿没人。 He hurried to the school, only nobody there. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“结果是……”用only to do，不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果；表示“发现”用find。故填to find。 43．这件复杂的事情对他来说解决起来太难了。 The complex matter is . 【答案】too difficult for him to solve 【详解】考查too…to结构。根据汉语句子可知，设空处对应“对他来说解决起来太难了”，可以转述为“对于他来说太困难而不能解决”含义，用“too+形容词+for sb.+ to do”，即“too difficult for him to solve”，形容词短语“too difficult”为表语，“to solve”为不定式作结果状语。故填too difficult for him to solve。 44．我的对手试图打败我，却使我变得更强大。 My opponent attempted to defeat me, . 【答案】only to make me stronger 【详解】考查不定式作结果状语。根据中英文提示，空处为“结果却使我变得更强大”，表示意料之外的结果，用“only+不定式”作结果状语，“使我变得更强大”用make+宾语+宾语补足语结构，“更强大”用形容词比较级stronger作宾语补足语，故填only to make me stronger。 45．Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend so that . 这个周末之前咱们不要摘这些桃子，这样它们就足够甜可以吃了。 【答案】they can be sweet enough to be eaten 【详解】考查固定短语。be + adj enough to do sth为固定短语，表示“足够……以做某事”，其中不定式作结果状语，用代词主格they指代peaches，与eat“吃”之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式，用情态动词can表示“可以”，故填they can be sweet enough to be eaten。 46．他是最后一个离开教室的人。 He is . 【答案】the last person to leave the classroom 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“最后一个”作表语，用名词词组the last person；“离开教室”译为leave the classroom，作定语，且当名词前有序数词、最高级等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语，故用不定式短语to leave the classroom作后置定语。故填the last person to leave the classroom. 47．我真的很感谢有机会和你一起工作。 I really appreciate having the chance . 【答案】to work with you 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“和……一起工作”短语为work with sb.；名词chance后跟不定式作定语，故填to work with you。 48．有这么多工作要做，我没有机会外出观光。 I have no chance with so much work to do. 【答案】to go sightseeing 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。go sightseeing意为“观光”，为固定搭配。这里修饰chance，且表示未发生的动作，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to go sightseeing。 49．讨论这个问题他是最好的人选。 He is the best person . 【答案】to discuss the matter with 【详解】考查动词不定式。“和某人讨论某事”使用动词短语discuss sth. with sb.，“这个问题”the matter，空处作作后置定语，修饰person，且person前由最高级the best修饰，应用动词不定式形式作后置定语。故填to discuss the matter with。 50．We should ask the experts for advice to find a better way this cultural relic. 我们应该征询专家的建议以找到充分利用这处文化遗迹的更好办法。 【答案】to make good use of 【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“充分利用”，应用动词短语make good use of，固定短语a way to do sth.，意为“一种做某事的方法”，make应变成to make。故填to make good use of。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Natural Disasters 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 一、语法填空 1．He rushed to the station to catch the early train, only (tell) that it had already left. 2．Where there is a small point difference, the effect of color is sufficient (tip) the balance. 3．The pillars are strong enough to (sustain) the weight of the roof. 4．Why would we, as a society, put so much time and effort into constructing buildings that keep nature out, only (keep) bringing bits of it inside them constantly? 5．Your brother is young enough (bounce) back from this disappointment. 6．So we should say they are fortunate enough (have) a hometown to return to when faced with difficulties. 7．I opened the book, only (discover) that some pages were missing. 8．After the war they parted company, never (see) each other again. 9．I was too weak (go) to school so my education suffered. 10．Would you be kind enough (accommodate) us for the night in your home? 11．More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot (host) such games by the end of this century. 12．The old lady was determined, even at her age, （climb）the mountain to find the herb（草药）that could save her sick son. 13．The infinite distances of space are too great for the human mind (comprehend). 14．To be honest, he is too stubborn for you (persuade) him to go with us. 15．To support her children, she got a job as a babysitter for children with mothers too busy (look) after their own children. 16．First of all, you must be intelligent enough (get) a related college degree. 17．When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing (consider) is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency. 18．With a target (restore) 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote regional sustainable development. 19．If you have the nationality of a particular country, you’ll have the legal right (be) a citizen. 20．If you are hunting a chance (improve) yourself in English, I think the English Corner will be a wise choice. 21．Taking part in some group activities is a good way (strengthen) friendships. 22．Find something (inspire) you and it'll keep you going. 23．It is the best way (approach) this difficult problem. 24．That means you have tons of less-visited options (choose) from. 25．They are dreaming of the chance (admit) into the next Olympic Games. 26．Luckily, they gained the opportunity (admit) into their ideal university. 27．We do believe John has the potential (become) a good leader. 28．These days, the square is a great place (see) traditional Chinese culture in real life, such as games of Chinese chess, and people practising tai chi. 29．These fleets were a sight (behold) and were in a league of their own at that time. 30．The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. 31．The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus (add) to the ever-growing list. 32．A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house... And it is a good time (fill) the new space with love and hopefully presents. 33．Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency (make) poor choices. 34．The ability (pass) on knowledge and command respect is the essential qualification for teachers. 35．They are now under a great deal of pressure (tighten) their airport security. 36．They are increasing their efforts (educate) teenagers about the side effects of losing weight quickly. 37．She has become the first female physicist of her country (receive) the Prize. 38．This is a famous saying (keep) in mind: “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” 39．The astronaut on board the spacecraft has a lot of missions (carry)out. 40．In closing, astronauts must have a determined will and a strong desire (explore) the universe. 二、完成句子 41．她跑到海滩，却发现空无一人。 She ran to the beach . 42．他急忙赶到学校，结果发现那儿没人。 He hurried to the school, only nobody there. 43．这件复杂的事情对他来说解决起来太难了。 The complex matter is . 44．我的对手试图打败我，却使我变得更强大。 My opponent attempted to defeat me, . 45．Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend so that . 这个周末之前咱们不要摘这些桃子，这样它们就足够甜可以吃了。 46．他是最后一个离开教室的人。 He is . 47．我真的很感谢有机会和你一起工作。 I really appreciate having the chance . 48．有这么多工作要做，我没有机会外出观光。 I have no chance with so much work to do. 49．讨论这个问题他是最好的人选。 He is the best person . 50．We should ask the experts for advice to find a better way this cultural relic. 我们应该征询专家的建议以找到充分利用这处文化遗迹的更好办法。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $