Unit 3 Period 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing（分层作业）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 3 Period 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.________________ 各种各样的 2.________________ 坐落于；位于 3.________________ 是……的栖息地 / 产地 / 家园 4.________________ 第一手；亲自 5.________________ 仅举几例 6.________________ 一年到头；全年 7.________________ 在…… 定居 8.________________ 淘金热时期 9.________________ 变成；转化为 10.________________ …… 的大多数 11.________________ 流利地说英语 12.________________ 真正体验……的风味 13.________________ 注意做某事；留心做某事 14.________________ 正在建设中 15.________________ 安顿下来；习惯于 16.________________ 合某人的意；对某人合适 17.________________ 适合于某人 / 某物 18.________________ 感觉自在；不拘束 19.________________ 请自便；别拘束 20.________________ 一方面,另一方面 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．Look, how ________ (整洁的，整齐的) his new bedroom looks! 2．We have just come to a ________ (结论) from the experiments. 3．Sea water ____ (包含) a lot of salt, so it tastes salty. 4．I am forgetful and always make a list of ________ (物品) before shopping. 5．We have to find out more listening ________ (材料) for the students. 6．Our new leader is ________ (和善的，温和的) and we all respect him. 7．The ________ (气候) in Changchun is cold in winter but not hot in summer. 8．After years of wandering from city to city, he ________ (定居) in Hangzhou. 9．The railway in our hometown is under _______ (建造). 10．What’s the ________ (百分数，百分比) of the girl students in your school? 三、单句语法填空。 1．Whether you’re a fitness coach or a beginner, making exercise part of your daily life is (definite) beneficial to your health. 2．We are going to hold the final interviews this Friday, and the applicants (admit) to the leadership program will be announced immediately afterwards. 3．I waited at the entrance to the railway station, (hope) to meet my friend. 4．We left the (select) of the team to the captain. 5．It didn’t occur to her (ask) for help. 6．The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a (live). 7．It is sure that he will (select) manager of the company. 8．American scientists claimed (find) the evidence of life on Mars. 9．He tried to escape (punish) but in vain. 10．The design of the house (influence) by European style. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.The ancient town ________________ the southwest of Guizhou Province, attracting millions of visitors every year. 这座古镇坐落于贵州省西南部，每年吸引数百万游客。 2.This nature reserve ________________ many rare animals and plants, which is well worth visiting. 这个自然保护区是许多珍稀动植物的栖息地，非常值得一游。 3.You should ________________ not to make the same mistake in the coming exam. 你要注意在即将到来的考试中不要再犯同样的错误。 4.The old factory has been ________________ a creative art park, which is popular with young people. 这家旧工厂已经变成了一个创意艺术园区，深受年轻人喜爱。 5. ________________ students in our class are fond of traditional Chinese culture. 我们班大多数学生都喜欢中国传统文化。 6.You can experience the local culture ________________ if you live with a local family. 如果你和当地家庭一起生活，就能亲自体验当地文化。 7. ________________, it is convenient to live in the city; ________________, the air in the countryside is much fresher.一方面，住在城市很方便；另一方面，乡村的空气要清新得多。 8.________________, we have many famous scenic spots in our city, such as the ancient bridge and the local museum. 仅举几例，我们城市有很多著名景点，比如古桥和当地博物馆。 9. ________________ yourself ________________ when you are at my home, and help yourself to some fruit. 在我家请自便，随便吃点水果。 10.This kind of job ________________ people who are patient and careful. 这种工作适合有耐心、细心的人。 五、语法填空 San Francisco is a great city, which was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that 1 (occur) in 1906.There are so many beautiful old buildings－many 2 (sit) on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. Mission District is the oldest part of the city, 3 used to be a poor area, but now is a centre of art, music, and food. In fact, an art movement called the “Mission School” started here. It 4 (influence) by graffiti art and comic art. In 1848，America got California 5 Mexico, and gold was discovered near San Francisco. The dream of 6 (seek) their fortune quickly attracted people from all over the world, so San Francisco quickly became a big city. In fact, few achieved their dream of 7 (become) rich. 8 (earn) a living, some opened 9 shops and restaurants, some found jobs on farms, and others went to build the railway. It is those immigrants from different countries and cultures 10 built America. 六、阅读理解 （2026·山东济宁·一模）We’ve all seen this happen in a science-fiction movie: The super heroes jump into a shaky spaceship and escape the bad guys by flying through the asteroid (小行星) belt, where huge rocks fall and spin so close that the crew has to duck and dive to avoid being broken into pieces. It’s exciting, but it’s wrong: In our solar system, the odds are pretty good that you could stand on the surface of an asteroid and not even be able to see another. Yet they do interact if given enough time. Even in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, crashes are ineluctable. And when two space rocks go “crash” in the main belt, big impacts blow lots of asteroid fragments (碎片) out into space. In many cases, these fragments stay on much the same orbital path as the parent asteroid, although they gradually separate from it because of slight speed differences. After thousands of years, some fragments might be clear across the Sun, but their distance from the Sun and the shape and direction of their orbits remain similar. Such conserved features are collectively called an asteroid’s orbital elements. The groupings sharing orbital elements are identified as “families”, which are named after the largest asteroid in the group. Studying asteroids by focusing on their families can help us make a good guess about what properties a newly-found one has if it belongs to a better-studied family. Care must be taken, though. Some very large asteroids have differentiated materials in the center and on the surface, so confirming those guesses usually requires taking spectra, the time-consuming process of breaking an object’s incoming light into individual colors to reveal its composition. It’s more than a mere academic exercise to find this particular branch of an asteroid family tree: Some asteroids are potentially risky, meaning they could crash with Earth some time in the distant future. If we know how they find their way to the inner solar system from the main belt to pose threats in the first place, we can defend our planet from future worrisome asteroids. 1．What is the author’s view on the scene in the sci-fi movie? A．It goes against the established facts. B．It overstates the super heroes’ role. C．It downplays the special visual effects. D．It fuels people’s interest in the asteroid. 2．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “ineluctable” in paragraph 2? A．Unavoidable. B．Uncommon. C．Incredible. D．Invisible. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The definition of orbital elements. B．The formation of asteroid families. C．The naming rule of asteroid groups. D．The moving pattern of asteroid fragments. 4．What can be inferred about the study of asteroid family? A．It is a high-risk practice. B．It is built on assumptions. C．Its value can’t be overstated. D．Its coverage needs to be expanded. 七、七选五 （25-26高一上·河北保定·期末） SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER “Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. Today, scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries. 1 Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true. However, scientists were determined to realise that dream. 2 On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon. Following this, there were many more important space achievements. 3 For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, 4 . China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our understanding of the universe. 5 Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. A．Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. B．They decided to put off the work of exploring space. C．The future of space exploration remains bright. D．After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity. E．but it has made great progress in a short time F．China has invested too much in space exploration. G．Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life. 八、完形填空 （2025·上海奉贤·一模）On March 17, scientists reported finding the earliest echoes of the Big Bang. The long-sought evidence supports the idea that the universe inflated in a(n) 1 . A scientific theory, called inflation, held that during the first trillionth of a trillionth of a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang, the universe grew 2 faster than the speed of light. It soon stretched out farther than any telescope can see. Astronomers first introduced the theory of inflation more than 30 years ago. Since then, it has become an important part of the 3 for how the universe began. Inflation helps answer some questions raised by the Big Bang, such as why the universe looks the same in every direction. Inflation probably has 4 everything out. It’s just like what happens when blowing up a party balloon. 5 scientists couldn’t be sure that inflation happened, for they lacked solid evidence. The new discovery provides the needed evidence, identifying the long-lasting effects of inflation on the 6 light in the universe. Scientists cannot travel back to the Big Bang, an event lost to the deep past of 13.8 billion years. Yet, the universe itself is a time capsule. According to inflation theory, the Big Bang sent waves spreading through the fabric of spacetime, preserving clues that scientists can still 7 today. Known as “gravitational waves”, they would 8 squeeze (压缩) and stretch the fabric of space. So their passage should have left a(n) 9 on the farthest reaches of the known universe. Scientists had sought those characteristic marks. For their search, the scientists used a telescope called BICEP2 at the South Pole. The region’s cold, dry and 10 air is perfect for observing deep into space — and back into time. For 50 years, scientists have known that energy in the form of microwave radiation 11 long after the Big Bang. 12 , the telescope detects tiny particles of light that carry this microwave signal. John Kovac, a Harvard Associate Professor of Astronomy and Physics, led the new search for the Big Bang’s echoes. His large team will continue to 13 their data. They want to make sure their results didn’t arise from a problem in the telescope or some 14 in their analysis. For now, many scientists are excited by the news. 15 of gravitational waves offers new opportunities for scientists to test more ideas about the nature of the universe, thus opening up a whole new window. 1．A．period B．flash C．term D．interval 2．A．upward B．downward C．inward D．outward 3．A．explanation B．reflection C．description D．prediction 4．A．spilt B．smoothed C．cast D．wiped 5．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Instead 6．A．oldest B．brightest C．purest D．gentlest 7．A．overlook B．project C．decode D．clarify 8．A．relatively B．randomly C．alternately D．instantly 9．A．symbol B．mark C．object D．evidence 10．A．harsh B．thick C．stable D．fresh 11．A．expands B．endures C．emerges D．fades 12．A．For instance B．By contrast C．As a result D．In particular 13．A．go over B．account for C．back up D．refer to 14．A．failures B．errors C．weaknesses D．contradictions 15．A．Approval B．Publication C．Awareness D．Confirmation 假设你的学校本周组织了一次名为“发现身边的多元文化”的研学活动。请你写一篇英文研学日记。 内容要点： 1.简述你们前往的目的地及最初的感受； 2.描述你在该地的多元文化体验（如历史变迁、特色建筑、不同族群的饮食或艺术等）； 3.总结这种文化融合给城市或个人带来的积极影响。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.varieties of / a variety of 2.be located in / on 3.be home to 4.(at) first hand 5.to name but a few 6.all year round 7.settle in 8.gold rush period 9.turn into 10.the majority of... 11.speak English fluently 12.a real taste of... 13.take care to do sth. 14.under construction 15.settle down / settle into 16.suit sb. (fine) 17.be suitable for 18.be/feel at home 19.make yourself at home 20.on the one hand... on the other hand... 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.neat 2.conclusion 3.contains 4.items 5.materials 6.mild 7.climate 8.settled 9.construction 10.percentage 三、单句语法填空。 1．definitely 2．admitted 3．hoping 4．selection 5．to ask 6．living 7．be selected 8．to have found 9．punishment/being punished 10．is influenced 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.is located in / on 2.is home to 3.take care 4.turned into 5.The majority of 6.(at) first hand 7.On the one hand; on the other hand 8.To name but a few 9.Make; at home 10.is suitable for 五、语法填空 1.occurred 2．sitting 3．which 4．is influenced 5．from 6．seeking 7．becoming 8.To earn 9．up 10．that 六、阅读理解 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科幻电影中关于小行星带的场景与现实不符，并介绍了小行星带中碰撞不可避免、小行星家族的形成、研究小行星家族的意义以及其对地球潜在威胁的防范作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s exciting, but it’s wrong: In our solar system, the odds are pretty good that you could stand on the surface of an asteroid and not even be able to see another. （这很刺激，但这是错误的：在我们的太阳系中，你很有可能站在小行星的表面，却看不到另一颗小行星）”可知，作者认为科幻电影中的场景与事实不符。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yet they do interact if given enough time. Even in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, crashes are ineluctable. （然而，如果给它们足够的时间，它们确实会相互作用。即使在火星和木星轨道之间的主小行星带，碰撞也是ineluctable）”可知，前文提到小行星之间如果给予足够的时间会相互作用，接着举例说明即使在主小行星带，碰撞也是会发生的，即碰撞是不可避免的。由此可知，划线词ineluctable与A项Unavoidable“不可避免的”意思相近。故选A项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“In many cases, these fragments stay on much the same orbital path as the parent asteroid, although they gradually separate from it because of slight speed differences. After thousands of years, some fragments might be clear across the Sun, but their distance from the Sun and the shape and direction of their orbits remain similar. Such conserved features are collectively called an asteroid’s orbital elements. The groupings sharing orbital elements are identified as ‘families’, which are named after the largest asteroid in the group. （在许多情况下，这些碎片与母小行星保持在大致相同的轨道上，尽管由于速度略有不同，它们会逐渐与母小行星分离。几千年后，一些碎片可能会在太阳的另一侧，但它们与太阳的距离以及轨道的形状和方向仍然相似。这些保存下来的特征统称为小行星的轨道元素。共享轨道元素的星群被确定为‘家族’，以该星群中最大的小行星命名）”可知，本段主要介绍了小行星碎片与母小行星的关系，以及具有相似轨道元素的星群如何形成小行星家族。因此，本段主要讲的是小行星家族的形成。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s more than a mere academic exercise to find this particular branch of an asteroid family tree: Some asteroids are potentially risky, meaning they could crash with Earth some time in the distant future. If we know how they find their way to the inner solar system from the main belt to pose threats in the first place, we can defend our planet from future worrisome asteroids. （找到小行星家谱中的这一特定分支不仅仅是一项学术练习：有些小行星具有潜在风险，这意味着它们可能在遥远的未来与地球相撞。如果我们知道它们是如何从主带进入内太阳系并首先构成威胁的，我们就可以保护我们的星球免受未来令人担忧的小行星的侵害）”可知，研究小行星家族不仅仅是一项学术活动，它对于保护地球免受潜在危险小行星的撞击具有重要意义。因此，研究小行星家族的价值不可估量。故选C项。 七、七选五 1．G 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了太空探索的发展历程，从早期人们认为太空旅行是梦想，到苏联、美国的早期太空成就，再到中国太空事业的快速发展，同时提及了太空探索中发生的事故，最后展望了太空探索的光明未来。 1．由上文“Today, scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.(如今，科学家们设计航天器将宇航员送入太空，以取得重要发现。)”以及下文“Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true. (在20世纪中叶之前，大多数人认为太空旅行只是一个永远无法实现的梦想。)”可知，本空要承接上文的太空探索现状，同时引出下文对过去太空探索认知的转折，G选项“Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.(太空探索已经取得了长足的进步，我们现在希望发现其他足够适合生命存在的行星。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“has come a long way”指代上文的“make important discoveries”，体现太空探索的进展，且与下文“was only a dream”形成今昔对比，突出探索的发展。故选G。 2．由上文“However, scientists were determined to realise that dream.(然而，科学家们决心实现这个梦想。)”以及下文“On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.(1957年10月4日，苏联发射了斯普特尼克1号卫星，并成功环绕地球运行。)”可知，本空要说明科学家为实现梦想所做的努力及成果，D选项“After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.(经过多次实验，他们成功制造出了能够脱离地球引力的火箭。)”能衔接上下文，该选项中的“they”指代上文的“scientists”，“succeeded in making rockets”是实现“launch the Sputnik 1 satellite”的前提，体现了从努力到成果的过程。故选D。 3．由下文“For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions.(例如，联盟11号、挑战者号和哥伦比亚号航天器上的所有宇航员都在执行任务期间遇难。)”可知，本空要引出太空探索中可能发生的意外情况，A选项“Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.(尽管科学家们努力确保万无一失，但事故仍然可能发生。)”能引出下文，该选项中的“accidents can still happen”是对下文具体事故例子的概括，下文的实例是对该选项的具体说明。故选A。 4．由上文“China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US,(中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，)”以及下文“China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003.(2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。)”可知，本空要体现中国太空计划虽起步晚但发展迅速的转折关系，E选项“but it has made great progress in a short time(但在短时间内取得了巨大进步)”能衔接上下文，该选项中的“but”表转折，承接上文的“started later”，“made great progress”与下文的具体成就“send humans into space”和“spacewalk”等相呼应，突出中国的发展速度。故选E。 5．由下文“Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.(许多国家计划进一步研究火星和木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能有更多有价值的发现，使人类能够在未来很好地生存下去。)”可知，本空要总结太空探索的未来前景，C选项“The future of space exploration remains bright. (太空探索的未来依然光明。)”能总领下文，该选项中的“future”与下文的“plans to further study”和“hope to make more valuable discoveries”相呼应，表达对未来的乐观预期。故选C。 八、完形填空 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了科学家发现大爆炸早期回声，佐证宇宙暴胀理论。该发现通过探测引力波痕迹实现，团队将复核数据，为探索宇宙本质开辟新方向。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一长期寻找的证据支持了这样一个观点：宇宙是在一瞬间迅速膨胀起来的。A. period时期；B. flash瞬间，闪光；C. term学期；D. interval间隔。根据后文“during the first trillionth of a trillionth of a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang”可知，宇宙是在一瞬间迅速膨胀起来的。in a flash表示“瞬间；立刻”。故选B。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一种名为“暴胀理论”的科学理论认为，在大爆炸发生后的10的负36次方秒这一瞬间，宇宙的向外扩张速度超过了光速。A. upward向上；B. downward向下；C. inward向内；D. outward向外。根据上文“the universe inflated”可知，对应宇宙从奇点向外扩张的物理过程应用outward。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自此之后，它便成为了关于宇宙起源的解释中不可或缺的一部分。A. explanation解释；B. reflection反射；C. description描述；D. prediction预测。根据后文“for how the universe began”可知，暴胀理论是对宇宙起源的科学阐释，搭配for how the universe began最合理。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴胀或许已经使一切趋于平稳了。A. spilt洒出；B. smoothed弄平滑；C. cast投射；D. wiped擦去。根据上文“Inflation helps answer some questions raised by the Big Bang, such as why the universe looks the same in every direction.(暴胀有助于解答“大爆炸”理论所引发的一些问题，比如为何宇宙在各个方向看起来都是一样的)”可知，宇宙暴胀让物质分布趋于均匀。故选B。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，科学家们无法确定这种膨胀现象是否真的存在，因为他们缺乏确凿的证据。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Instead反而。前文讲暴胀理论的作用，后文讲“科学家无法确定暴胀是否发生，因为缺乏确凿证据”，是转折关系，用however。故选C。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一新发现提供了所需证据，揭示了暴胀对宇宙中最古老光线所产生的长期影响。A. oldest最老的；B. brightest最亮的；C. purest最纯的；D. gentlest最温和的。根据后文“Scientists cannot travel back to the Big Bang, an event lost to the deep past of 13.8 billion years.(科学家无法回到宇宙大爆炸之时，因为那是一段早已远去的138亿年前的久远过去)”可知，宇宙大爆炸遗留的光（微波背景辐射）是宇宙中最古老的光，故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据宇宙膨胀理论，大爆炸时产生的波在时空结构中传播开来，留下了可供科学家至今解读的线索。A. overlook忽视；B. project预计；C. decode破译，解读；D. clarify澄清。根据上文“According to inflation theory, the Big Bang sent waves spreading through the fabric of spacetime, preserving clues that scientists can still”可知，科学家从时空波中解读宇宙起源的线索。故选C。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：被称为“引力波”的现象，会周期性地挤压和拉伸空间的结构。A. relatively相当地；B. randomly随机地；C. alternately交替地；D. instantly立即。根据后文“squeeze and stretch the fabric of space”可知，引力波的作用方式是交替挤压，拉伸时空，故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以他们的航行应该会在已知宇宙的最遥远区域留下痕迹。A. symbol象征；B. mark标记，痕迹；C. object物体；D. evidence证据。根据后文“sought those characteristic marks”可知，此处指在已知宇宙的最遥远区域留下痕迹。故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该地区的寒冷、干燥且稳定的空气条件非常适合进行太空观测——以及对过去时光的追溯观测。A. harsh恶劣的；B. thick厚的；C. stable稳定的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据后文“air is perfect for observing deep into space”可知，稳定的大气能减少观测干扰，是天文观测选址的关键条件。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：50年来，科学家们一直知道，在大爆炸之后，以微波辐射形式存在的能量会持续存在很长时间。A. expands扩大；B. endures持续；C. emerges出现；D. fades消失。根据上文“For 50 years, scientists have known that energy in the form of microwave radiation”可知，微波背景辐射是大爆炸的残留能量，至今仍存在，即持续。故选B。 12．考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，该望远镜能够探测到携带这种微波信号的极微小的光粒子。A. For instance例如；B. By contrast相比之下；C. As a result因此；D. In particular特别。前文讲微波辐射的存在，后文讲“望远镜探测到携带这种微波信号的光粒子”，是强调具体观测对象，In particular符合语境。故选D。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的庞大团队将继续仔细审查他们的数据。A. go over仔细检查，复核；B. account for解释；C. back up支持；D. refer to参考。根据后文“They want to make sure their results didn’t arise from a problem in the telescope or some ____ in their analysis.”可知，团队将继续仔细审查他们的数据。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们想要确保这些结果并非是由于望远镜出现故障或是分析过程中存在错误所致。A. failures失败；B. errors偏差，错误；C. weaknesses弱点；D. contradictions矛盾。根据上文“They want to make sure their results didn’t arise from a problem in the telescope or some”可知，科学分析中可能出现的偏差，故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：引力波的确认为科学家们提供了新的契机，使他们能够检验更多关于宇宙本质的理论，从而开辟了一个全新的领域。A. Approval赞成；B. Publication出版；C. Awareness意识；D. Confirmation确认。根据上文“The long-sought evidence”可知，对应前文“新发现提供了暴胀理论的证据”，即证实了引力波的存在。故选D。 【参考答案】 Saturday, 23 October This morning, my classmates and I headed to a famous historical street. I must admit that it is definitely a perfect place to experience diverse cultures and escape the busy city life. The guide told us that people from different countries used to come here to seek their fortune. Apart from the beautiful foreign-style buildings, the street is also home to several minority groups. We enjoyed a series of local dishes and bought some souvenirs. It is clear that the mixing of different traditions has brought about the unique charm of our city. I truly enjoyed my time here today! 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.________________ 各种各样的 2.________________ 坐落于；位于 3.________________ 是……的栖息地 / 产地 / 家园 4.________________ 第一手；亲自 5.________________ 仅举几例 6.________________ 一年到头；全年 7.________________ 在…… 定居 8.________________ 淘金热时期 9.________________ 变成；转化为 10.________________ …… 的大多数 11.________________ 流利地说英语 12.________________ 真正体验……的风味 13.________________ 注意做某事；留心做某事 14.________________ 正在建设中 15.________________ 安顿下来；习惯于 16.________________ 合某人的意；对某人合适 17.________________ 适合于某人 / 某物 18.________________ 感觉自在；不拘束 19.________________ 请自便；别拘束 20.________________ 一方面,另一方面 【答案】 1.varieties of / a variety of 2.be located in / on 3.be home to 4.(at) first hand 5.to name but a few 6.all year round 7.settle in 8.gold rush period 9.turn into 10.the majority of... 11.speak English fluently 12.a real taste of... 13.take care to do sth. 14.under construction 15.settle down / settle into 16.suit sb. (fine) 17.be suitable for 18.be/feel at home 19.make yourself at home 20.on the one hand... on the other hand... 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1．Look, how ________ (整洁的，整齐的) his new bedroom looks! 2．We have just come to a ________ (结论) from the experiments. 3．Sea water ____ (包含) a lot of salt, so it tastes salty. 4．I am forgetful and always make a list of ________ (物品) before shopping. 5．We have to find out more listening ________ (材料) for the students. 6．Our new leader is ________ (和善的，温和的) and we all respect him. 7．The ________ (气候) in Changchun is cold in winter but not hot in summer. 8．After years of wandering from city to city, he ________ (定居) in Hangzhou. 9．The railway in our hometown is under _______ (建造). 10．What’s the ________ (百分数，百分比) of the girl students in your school? 【答案】 1.neat 2.conclusion 3.contains 4.items 5.materials 6.mild 7.climate 8.settled 9.construction 10.percentage 三、单句语法填空。 1．Whether you’re a fitness coach or a beginner, making exercise part of your daily life is (definite) beneficial to your health. 2．We are going to hold the final interviews this Friday, and the applicants (admit) to the leadership program will be announced immediately afterwards. 3．I waited at the entrance to the railway station, (hope) to meet my friend. 4．We left the (select) of the team to the captain. 5．It didn’t occur to her (ask) for help. 6．The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a (live). 7．It is sure that he will (select) manager of the company. 8．American scientists claimed (find) the evidence of life on Mars. 9．He tried to escape (punish) but in vain. 10．The design of the house (influence) by European style. 【答案】 1．definitely 2．admitted 3．hoping 4．selection 5．to ask 6．living 7．be selected 8．to have found 9．punishment/being punished 10．is influenced 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.The ancient town ________________ the southwest of Guizhou Province, attracting millions of visitors every year. 这座古镇坐落于贵州省西南部，每年吸引数百万游客。 2.This nature reserve ________________ many rare animals and plants, which is well worth visiting. 这个自然保护区是许多珍稀动植物的栖息地，非常值得一游。 3.You should ________________ not to make the same mistake in the coming exam. 你要注意在即将到来的考试中不要再犯同样的错误。 4.The old factory has been ________________ a creative art park, which is popular with young people. 这家旧工厂已经变成了一个创意艺术园区，深受年轻人喜爱。 5. ________________ students in our class are fond of traditional Chinese culture. 我们班大多数学生都喜欢中国传统文化。 6.You can experience the local culture ________________ if you live with a local family. 如果你和当地家庭一起生活，就能亲自体验当地文化。 7. ________________, it is convenient to live in the city; ________________, the air in the countryside is much fresher.一方面，住在城市很方便；另一方面，乡村的空气要清新得多。 8.________________, we have many famous scenic spots in our city, such as the ancient bridge and the local museum. 仅举几例，我们城市有很多著名景点，比如古桥和当地博物馆。 9. ________________ yourself ________________ when you are at my home, and help yourself to some fruit. 在我家请自便，随便吃点水果。 10.This kind of job ________________ people who are patient and careful. 这种工作适合有耐心、细心的人。 【答案】 1.is located in / on 2.is home to 3.take care 4.turned into 5.The majority of 6.(at) first hand 7.On the one hand; on the other hand 8.To name but a few 9.Make; at home 10.is suitable for 五、语法填空 San Francisco is a great city, which was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that 1 (occur) in 1906.There are so many beautiful old buildings－many 2 (sit) on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. Mission District is the oldest part of the city, 3 used to be a poor area, but now is a centre of art, music, and food. In fact, an art movement called the “Mission School” started here. It 4 (influence) by graffiti art and comic art. In 1848，America got California 5 Mexico, and gold was discovered near San Francisco. The dream of 6 (seek) their fortune quickly attracted people from all over the world, so San Francisco quickly became a big city. In fact, few achieved their dream of 7 (become) rich. 8 (earn) a living, some opened 9 shops and restaurants, some found jobs on farms, and others went to build the railway. It is those immigrants from different countries and cultures 10 built America. 【答案】 1.occurred 2．sitting 3．which 4．is influenced 5．from 6．seeking 7．becoming 8.To earn 9．up 10．that 六、阅读理解 （2026·山东济宁·一模）We’ve all seen this happen in a science-fiction movie: The super heroes jump into a shaky spaceship and escape the bad guys by flying through the asteroid (小行星) belt, where huge rocks fall and spin so close that the crew has to duck and dive to avoid being broken into pieces. It’s exciting, but it’s wrong: In our solar system, the odds are pretty good that you could stand on the surface of an asteroid and not even be able to see another. Yet they do interact if given enough time. Even in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, crashes are ineluctable. And when two space rocks go “crash” in the main belt, big impacts blow lots of asteroid fragments (碎片) out into space. In many cases, these fragments stay on much the same orbital path as the parent asteroid, although they gradually separate from it because of slight speed differences. After thousands of years, some fragments might be clear across the Sun, but their distance from the Sun and the shape and direction of their orbits remain similar. Such conserved features are collectively called an asteroid’s orbital elements. The groupings sharing orbital elements are identified as “families”, which are named after the largest asteroid in the group. Studying asteroids by focusing on their families can help us make a good guess about what properties a newly-found one has if it belongs to a better-studied family. Care must be taken, though. Some very large asteroids have differentiated materials in the center and on the surface, so confirming those guesses usually requires taking spectra, the time-consuming process of breaking an object’s incoming light into individual colors to reveal its composition. It’s more than a mere academic exercise to find this particular branch of an asteroid family tree: Some asteroids are potentially risky, meaning they could crash with Earth some time in the distant future. If we know how they find their way to the inner solar system from the main belt to pose threats in the first place, we can defend our planet from future worrisome asteroids. 1．What is the author’s view on the scene in the sci-fi movie? A．It goes against the established facts. B．It overstates the super heroes’ role. C．It downplays the special visual effects. D．It fuels people’s interest in the asteroid. 2．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “ineluctable” in paragraph 2? A．Unavoidable. B．Uncommon. C．Incredible. D．Invisible. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The definition of orbital elements. B．The formation of asteroid families. C．The naming rule of asteroid groups. D．The moving pattern of asteroid fragments. 4．What can be inferred about the study of asteroid family? A．It is a high-risk practice. B．It is built on assumptions. C．Its value can’t be overstated. D．Its coverage needs to be expanded. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科幻电影中关于小行星带的场景与现实不符，并介绍了小行星带中碰撞不可避免、小行星家族的形成、研究小行星家族的意义以及其对地球潜在威胁的防范作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s exciting, but it’s wrong: In our solar system, the odds are pretty good that you could stand on the surface of an asteroid and not even be able to see another. （这很刺激，但这是错误的：在我们的太阳系中，你很有可能站在小行星的表面，却看不到另一颗小行星）”可知，作者认为科幻电影中的场景与事实不符。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yet they do interact if given enough time. Even in the main asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, crashes are ineluctable. （然而，如果给它们足够的时间，它们确实会相互作用。即使在火星和木星轨道之间的主小行星带，碰撞也是ineluctable）”可知，前文提到小行星之间如果给予足够的时间会相互作用，接着举例说明即使在主小行星带，碰撞也是会发生的，即碰撞是不可避免的。由此可知，划线词ineluctable与A项Unavoidable“不可避免的”意思相近。故选A项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“In many cases, these fragments stay on much the same orbital path as the parent asteroid, although they gradually separate from it because of slight speed differences. After thousands of years, some fragments might be clear across the Sun, but their distance from the Sun and the shape and direction of their orbits remain similar. Such conserved features are collectively called an asteroid’s orbital elements. The groupings sharing orbital elements are identified as ‘families’, which are named after the largest asteroid in the group. （在许多情况下，这些碎片与母小行星保持在大致相同的轨道上，尽管由于速度略有不同，它们会逐渐与母小行星分离。几千年后，一些碎片可能会在太阳的另一侧，但它们与太阳的距离以及轨道的形状和方向仍然相似。这些保存下来的特征统称为小行星的轨道元素。共享轨道元素的星群被确定为‘家族’，以该星群中最大的小行星命名）”可知，本段主要介绍了小行星碎片与母小行星的关系，以及具有相似轨道元素的星群如何形成小行星家族。因此，本段主要讲的是小行星家族的形成。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s more than a mere academic exercise to find this particular branch of an asteroid family tree: Some asteroids are potentially risky, meaning they could crash with Earth some time in the distant future. If we know how they find their way to the inner solar system from the main belt to pose threats in the first place, we can defend our planet from future worrisome asteroids. （找到小行星家谱中的这一特定分支不仅仅是一项学术练习：有些小行星具有潜在风险，这意味着它们可能在遥远的未来与地球相撞。如果我们知道它们是如何从主带进入内太阳系并首先构成威胁的，我们就可以保护我们的星球免受未来令人担忧的小行星的侵害）”可知，研究小行星家族不仅仅是一项学术活动，它对于保护地球免受潜在危险小行星的撞击具有重要意义。因此，研究小行星家族的价值不可估量。故选C项。 七、七选五 （25-26高一上·河北保定·期末） SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER “Are we alone? What’s out there?” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. Today, scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries. 1 Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true. However, scientists were determined to realise that dream. 2 On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon. Following this, there were many more important space achievements. 3 For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, 4 . China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our understanding of the universe. 5 Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. A．Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. B．They decided to put off the work of exploring space. C．The future of space exploration remains bright. D．After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity. E．but it has made great progress in a short time F．China has invested too much in space exploration. G．Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了太空探索的发展历程，从早期人们认为太空旅行是梦想，到苏联、美国的早期太空成就，再到中国太空事业的快速发展，同时提及了太空探索中发生的事故，最后展望了太空探索的光明未来。 1．由上文“Today, scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.(如今，科学家们设计航天器将宇航员送入太空，以取得重要发现。)”以及下文“Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true. (在20世纪中叶之前，大多数人认为太空旅行只是一个永远无法实现的梦想。)”可知，本空要承接上文的太空探索现状，同时引出下文对过去太空探索认知的转折，G选项“Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.(太空探索已经取得了长足的进步，我们现在希望发现其他足够适合生命存在的行星。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“has come a long way”指代上文的“make important discoveries”，体现太空探索的进展，且与下文“was only a dream”形成今昔对比，突出探索的发展。故选G。 2．由上文“However, scientists were determined to realise that dream.(然而，科学家们决心实现这个梦想。)”以及下文“On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.(1957年10月4日，苏联发射了斯普特尼克1号卫星，并成功环绕地球运行。)”可知，本空要说明科学家为实现梦想所做的努力及成果，D选项“After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.(经过多次实验，他们成功制造出了能够脱离地球引力的火箭。)”能衔接上下文，该选项中的“they”指代上文的“scientists”，“succeeded in making rockets”是实现“launch the Sputnik 1 satellite”的前提，体现了从努力到成果的过程。故选D。 3．由下文“For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions.(例如，联盟11号、挑战者号和哥伦比亚号航天器上的所有宇航员都在执行任务期间遇难。)”可知，本空要引出太空探索中可能发生的意外情况，A选项“Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.(尽管科学家们努力确保万无一失，但事故仍然可能发生。)”能引出下文，该选项中的“accidents can still happen”是对下文具体事故例子的概括，下文的实例是对该选项的具体说明。故选A。 4．由上文“China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US,(中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，)”以及下文“China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003.(2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。)”可知，本空要体现中国太空计划虽起步晚但发展迅速的转折关系，E选项“but it has made great progress in a short time(但在短时间内取得了巨大进步)”能衔接上下文，该选项中的“but”表转折，承接上文的“started later”，“made great progress”与下文的具体成就“send humans into space”和“spacewalk”等相呼应，突出中国的发展速度。故选E。 5．由下文“Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.(许多国家计划进一步研究火星和木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能有更多有价值的发现，使人类能够在未来很好地生存下去。)”可知，本空要总结太空探索的未来前景，C选项“The future of space exploration remains bright. (太空探索的未来依然光明。)”能总领下文，该选项中的“future”与下文的“plans to further study”和“hope to make more valuable discoveries”相呼应，表达对未来的乐观预期。故选C。 八、完形填空 （2025·上海奉贤·一模）On March 17, scientists reported finding the earliest echoes of the Big Bang. The long-sought evidence supports the idea that the universe inflated in a(n) 1 . A scientific theory, called inflation, held that during the first trillionth of a trillionth of a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang, the universe grew 2 faster than the speed of light. It soon stretched out farther than any telescope can see. Astronomers first introduced the theory of inflation more than 30 years ago. Since then, it has become an important part of the 3 for how the universe began. Inflation helps answer some questions raised by the Big Bang, such as why the universe looks the same in every direction. Inflation probably has 4 everything out. It’s just like what happens when blowing up a party balloon. 5 scientists couldn’t be sure that inflation happened, for they lacked solid evidence. The new discovery provides the needed evidence, identifying the long-lasting effects of inflation on the 6 light in the universe. Scientists cannot travel back to the Big Bang, an event lost to the deep past of 13.8 billion years. Yet, the universe itself is a time capsule. According to inflation theory, the Big Bang sent waves spreading through the fabric of spacetime, preserving clues that scientists can still 7 today. Known as “gravitational waves”, they would 8 squeeze (压缩) and stretch the fabric of space. So their passage should have left a(n) 9 on the farthest reaches of the known universe. Scientists had sought those characteristic marks. For their search, the scientists used a telescope called BICEP2 at the South Pole. The region’s cold, dry and 10 air is perfect for observing deep into space — and back into time. For 50 years, scientists have known that energy in the form of microwave radiation 11 long after the Big Bang. 12 , the telescope detects tiny particles of light that carry this microwave signal. John Kovac, a Harvard Associate Professor of Astronomy and Physics, led the new search for the Big Bang’s echoes. His large team will continue to 13 their data. They want to make sure their results didn’t arise from a problem in the telescope or some 14 in their analysis. For now, many scientists are excited by the news. 15 of gravitational waves offers new opportunities for scientists to test more ideas about the nature of the universe, thus opening up a whole new window. 1．A．period B．flash C．term D．interval 2．A．upward B．downward C．inward D．outward 3．A．explanation B．reflection C．description D．prediction 4．A．spilt B．smoothed C．cast D．wiped 5．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Instead 6．A．oldest B．brightest C．purest D．gentlest 7．A．overlook B．project C．decode D．clarify 8．A．relatively B．randomly C．alternately D．instantly 9．A．symbol B．mark C．object D．evidence 10．A．harsh B．thick C．stable D．fresh 11．A．expands B．endures C．emerges D．fades 12．A．For instance B．By contrast C．As a result D．In particular 13．A．go over B．account for C．back up D．refer to 14．A．failures B．errors C．weaknesses D．contradictions 15．A．Approval B．Publication C．Awareness D．Confirmation 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了科学家发现大爆炸早期回声，佐证宇宙暴胀理论。该发现通过探测引力波痕迹实现，团队将复核数据，为探索宇宙本质开辟新方向。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一长期寻找的证据支持了这样一个观点：宇宙是在一瞬间迅速膨胀起来的。A. period时期；B. flash瞬间，闪光；C. term学期；D. interval间隔。根据后文“during the first trillionth of a trillionth of a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang”可知，宇宙是在一瞬间迅速膨胀起来的。in a flash表示“瞬间；立刻”。故选B。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一种名为“暴胀理论”的科学理论认为，在大爆炸发生后的10的负36次方秒这一瞬间，宇宙的向外扩张速度超过了光速。A. upward向上；B. downward向下；C. inward向内；D. outward向外。根据上文“the universe inflated”可知，对应宇宙从奇点向外扩张的物理过程应用outward。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自此之后，它便成为了关于宇宙起源的解释中不可或缺的一部分。A. explanation解释；B. reflection反射；C. description描述；D. prediction预测。根据后文“for how the universe began”可知，暴胀理论是对宇宙起源的科学阐释，搭配for how the universe began最合理。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴胀或许已经使一切趋于平稳了。A. spilt洒出；B. smoothed弄平滑；C. cast投射；D. wiped擦去。根据上文“Inflation helps answer some questions raised by the Big Bang, such as why the universe looks the same in every direction.(暴胀有助于解答“大爆炸”理论所引发的一些问题，比如为何宇宙在各个方向看起来都是一样的)”可知，宇宙暴胀让物质分布趋于均匀。故选B。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，科学家们无法确定这种膨胀现象是否真的存在，因为他们缺乏确凿的证据。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Instead反而。前文讲暴胀理论的作用，后文讲“科学家无法确定暴胀是否发生，因为缺乏确凿证据”，是转折关系，用however。故选C。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一新发现提供了所需证据，揭示了暴胀对宇宙中最古老光线所产生的长期影响。A. oldest最老的；B. brightest最亮的；C. purest最纯的；D. gentlest最温和的。根据后文“Scientists cannot travel back to the Big Bang, an event lost to the deep past of 13.8 billion years.(科学家无法回到宇宙大爆炸之时，因为那是一段早已远去的138亿年前的久远过去)”可知，宇宙大爆炸遗留的光（微波背景辐射）是宇宙中最古老的光，故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据宇宙膨胀理论，大爆炸时产生的波在时空结构中传播开来，留下了可供科学家至今解读的线索。A. overlook忽视；B. project预计；C. decode破译，解读；D. clarify澄清。根据上文“According to inflation theory, the Big Bang sent waves spreading through the fabric of spacetime, preserving clues that scientists can still”可知，科学家从时空波中解读宇宙起源的线索。故选C。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：被称为“引力波”的现象，会周期性地挤压和拉伸空间的结构。A. relatively相当地；B. randomly随机地；C. alternately交替地；D. instantly立即。根据后文“squeeze and stretch the fabric of space”可知，引力波的作用方式是交替挤压，拉伸时空，故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以他们的航行应该会在已知宇宙的最遥远区域留下痕迹。A. symbol象征；B. mark标记，痕迹；C. object物体；D. evidence证据。根据后文“sought those characteristic marks”可知，此处指在已知宇宙的最遥远区域留下痕迹。故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该地区的寒冷、干燥且稳定的空气条件非常适合进行太空观测——以及对过去时光的追溯观测。A. harsh恶劣的；B. thick厚的；C. stable稳定的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据后文“air is perfect for observing deep into space”可知，稳定的大气能减少观测干扰，是天文观测选址的关键条件。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：50年来，科学家们一直知道，在大爆炸之后，以微波辐射形式存在的能量会持续存在很长时间。A. expands扩大；B. endures持续；C. emerges出现；D. fades消失。根据上文“For 50 years, scientists have known that energy in the form of microwave radiation”可知，微波背景辐射是大爆炸的残留能量，至今仍存在，即持续。故选B。 12．考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，该望远镜能够探测到携带这种微波信号的极微小的光粒子。A. For instance例如；B. By contrast相比之下；C. As a result因此；D. In particular特别。前文讲微波辐射的存在，后文讲“望远镜探测到携带这种微波信号的光粒子”，是强调具体观测对象，In particular符合语境。故选D。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的庞大团队将继续仔细审查他们的数据。A. go over仔细检查，复核；B. account for解释；C. back up支持；D. refer to参考。根据后文“They want to make sure their results didn’t arise from a problem in the telescope or some ____ in their analysis.”可知，团队将继续仔细审查他们的数据。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们想要确保这些结果并非是由于望远镜出现故障或是分析过程中存在错误所致。A. failures失败；B. errors偏差，错误；C. weaknesses弱点；D. contradictions矛盾。根据上文“They want to make sure their results didn’t arise from a problem in the telescope or some”可知，科学分析中可能出现的偏差，故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：引力波的确认为科学家们提供了新的契机，使他们能够检验更多关于宇宙本质的理论，从而开辟了一个全新的领域。A. Approval赞成；B. Publication出版；C. Awareness意识；D. Confirmation确认。根据上文“The long-sought evidence”可知，对应前文“新发现提供了暴胀理论的证据”，即证实了引力波的存在。故选D。 假设你的学校本周组织了一次名为“发现身边的多元文化”的研学活动。请你写一篇英文研学日记。 内容要点： 1.简述你们前往的目的地及最初的感受； 2.描述你在该地的多元文化体验（如历史变迁、特色建筑、不同族群的饮食或艺术等）； 3.总结这种文化融合给城市或个人带来的积极影响。 【参考答案】 Saturday, 23 October This morning, my classmates and I headed to a famous historical street. I must admit that it is definitely a perfect place to experience diverse cultures and escape the busy city life. The guide told us that people from different countries used to come here to seek their fortune. Apart from the beautiful foreign-style buildings, the street is also home to several minority groups. We enjoyed a series of local dishes and bought some souvenirs. It is clear that the mixing of different traditions has brought about the unique charm of our city. I truly enjoyed my time here today! 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $