Unit 4 Language and Communication（话题阅读精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级下册

Unit 4 Language and Communication （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了中西方使用微信表情符号“666”的不同原因及作者对此表情符号的看法。 实战演练 Passage1 说明文 介绍了“cool”一词的多重含义及其演变，指出它不仅可以表示温度，还可以表达兴趣、赞赏等情感，并通过例子展示了该词的广泛使用，同时引发对语言丰富性的思考。 Passage2 阅读理解 萨曼莎对一本肢体语言相关书籍的读后感。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 通过描述作者母亲求职面试和与客户开会的经历，阐述了肢体语言在人际交往中的重要作用，强调肢体语言能帮助我们留下良好第一印象、展现真实情感以及建立稳固的人际关系。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 指出人们交流时肢体语言比言语更重要，以手掌的动作等为例，说明肢体语言能反映人是否诚实等信息。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了当今的社会现象，那就是青少年太依赖智能手机，本文着重介绍了这对青少年的危害，并提出建议如何减少屏幕时间。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了自我沟通及其在生活中的作用。 Passage7 六选五 说明文 围绕“哭泣的益处”展开，介绍了哭泣对身心的积极作用，包括“喜极而泣”的现象及原因，解释了哭泣在调节情绪、缓解压力等方面的价值。 Passage8 阅读表达 议论文 文章主要谈论的内容是老师和演员这两个职业之间的相似和区别之处。 Passage9 阅读表达 说明文 讲述了语言在伦敦奥运会中的重要作用以及如何短时间内习得语言。 时文阅读 Passage1 A new emoji (表情符号) is getting popular among both Chinese and Western WeChat users, but they use it for different reasons. The “666” emoji recently came out on WeChat. It shows a smirking (得意的) face that holds up the Chinese gesture for “6” with the number “666” shown next to it. Most Chinese people know that this emoji is supposed to have a positive meaning. After all, the Chinese character for “six” is pronounced in the same way as “liu”, which means “things are going smoothly”. There’s also the proverb “liuliu dashun” in China. It is used to give good wishes to friends or relatives. But in some Western countries, “666” has a very different meaning—a religious (宗教的) one. It is said to be the “Mark of the Beast”, a symbol that the devil (恶魔) forces people to wear to show their loyalty (忠诚) to him. That’s why some people consider six to be a symbol of darkness and rebellion (反叛). It is especially popular among heavy metal bands (重金属乐队) and their fans. ▲ No one really takes it seriously in modern times. As a heavy metal fan who is also interested in Chinese culture, I like the new emoji for many reasons. I can send it to either my Chinese or Western friends and get different reactions (反应). This makes it fun for me to use. Just don’t be surprised if you get a strange reaction from Westerners if you send it to them! 1．Why is the “666” emoji popular in China? A．Because it is a new kind of emoji. B．Because it means everything goes well. C．Because it makes people rich. D．Because it is a symbol of pop music. 2．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4. A．But we all know that the devil isn’t real. B．Because they are all afraid of the devil. C．Some people are only interested in music. D．People don’t like it and never mention it. 3．Who will receive the “666” emoji from the author? A．The author’s family members. B．Only his Western friends. C．Only his Chinese friends. D．Both his Chinese and Western friends. 4．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Sending it only to Chinese friends. B．A strange reaction. C．Getting different reactions. D．A new emoji. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 实战演练 Passage1 “Cool” is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little cold. As the world has changed, the word has had many different meanings. “Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything. For example, when you see a famous car in the street, maybe you will say “It’s cool.” You may think, “He’s so cool,” when you see your favorite footballer. We can all understand most of the meanings of “cool”. You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”. Here’s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used. A teacher asked her students to write about the Great Wall after visiting it. On one student’s paper was just the one sentence, “It’s so cool.” Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt. But the story also shows a scarcity (缺乏) of words. Without “cool”, some people have no words to convey the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility (可信性). Can you think of many other words that make your life as colorful as the word “cool”? I can. And I think they are also very cool. 1．We know that the meaning of “cool” ________. A．remains the same B．changes over time C．shows feelings only D．expresses nothing 2．How does the writer introduce “cool” in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. D．By comparing differences. 3．The writer tells a story to show he is ________ how people use “cool”. A．surprised at B．proud of C．happy with D．worried about 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Introduce the uses of “cool”. B．Describe the spelling of “cool”. C．Discuss the background of “cool”. D．Explain the disadvantages of “cool”. Passage2 I’m Samantha, a manager in a hotel. I’d seen the book in the shop and thought it looked interesting, but I wasn’t sure if I really needed to read a whole book on body language. Then a friend lent me her copy and I started reading it. I couldn’t put it down! It’s full of amazing facts about how we communicate with our bodies without even realizing. The author is a psychologist who has spent years studying the way people move and the messages they give out. She starts by explaining that we’re programmed to recognize certain signs from birth. For example, when babies are hungry, they open their mouths and turn their heads towards their mothers. And when they’re tired, they rub their eyes. These actions are the same all over the world and don’t change as we grow up. But the book isn’t just about these basic signals. It also looks at the more complicated ways we use our bodies to show what we’re thinking or feeling. For example, the author describes an experiment where two people were asked to sit facing each other and not speak for five minutes. They didn’t know each other before the experiment. The results were unbelievable. In some cases, the couple ended up getting married! How? Well, what happened was that during the five minutes, they both started copying each other’s movements—if one person crossed his legs, the other did the same; if one touched his face, the other did too. They didn’t realize they were doing it, but their brains did. The author explains that this kind of copying is a sign that people like each other and feel comfortable together. There are lots of examples like this in the book, and it's fascinating to read. The only problem is that now I can’t stop watching people and guessing what they’re thinking! 1．Why did Samantha decide to read the book on body language? A．She needed to study body language for work. B．She found it interesting after seeing it in a shop. C．A friend lent it to her. D．She had to read it for a book club. 2．According to the author of the book, what is a certain sign that humans recognize from birth? A．Rubbing the nose when tired. B．Crossing legs when angry. C．Touching the face when happy. D．Opening the mouth when hungry. 3．What does the book mention besides basic signals? A．Cultural differences in body language. B．Complicated ways of communicating with the body. C．The history of body language. D．Famous people and their body language. 4．What experiment does the author describe in the book? A．An experiment about babies’ body language. B．An experiment about two people sitting face to face without speaking for five minutes. C．An experiment about cultural differences in body language. D．An experiment about many people copying each other’s movements. Passage3 Last month, my mum attended a job interview for a sales manager position. There were two other candidates (候选人) with her. The first candidate walked in with his head down, avoided eye contact, and sat with his arms crossed. He spoke in a quiet voice and kept touching his face. The second candidate, however, had a big smile, gave a firm handshake (有力的握手), and sat up straight. She looked at the interviewers directly when talking and nodded to show she was listening carefully. Later, my mum learned that the second candidate got the job. "Her body language showed she was confident and ready for the role, "the interviewer said. A few weeks later, my mum had an important meeting with a new client. At first, the client seemed cold and uninterested. My mum smiled warmly, leaned forward (身体前倾) when listening, and nodded often. Slowly, the client relaxed and started sharing more ideas. They finally signed a big deal (达成大交易). This experience taught me that body language is a powerful tool. It can help us make a good first impression, show our true feelings, and build strong connections with others. 1．What did the first candidate do during the interview? A．He kept his head down. B．He gave a firm handshake. C．He sat up straight. 2．Why did the second candidate get the job? A．She had more work experience. B．Her body language showed confidence. C．She spoke more clearly than others. 3．What is the main idea of Paragraph3? A．My mum’s client was cold at first. B．Body language helped my mum succeed in the meeting. C．My mum signed a big deal with the client. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A successful job interview B．How to talk with clients C．The power of body language Passage4 When people communicate, they use body language more than words. People’s body language shows important information just like speech does. When someone lies with their words, their body language often tells the truth. The next time you wonder if someone is telling you the truth, try watching their hands. A person who is being honest will usually turn one or both of their palms (手掌) towards the other person. If a person is beginning to “open up” or share important information, you may notice them turn their palms towards you. Like most body language, this unconscious (无意识的) gesture usually gives the other person the feeling that the speaker is speaking honestly. When people lie, they tend to hide their palms by putting their hands behind their back or holding them. Others will keep their hands in their pockets if they are lying or trying to hide information. Salespeople are sometimes trained to watch out for this specific example of body language when a person is saying that they can’t afford a product or service. Sometimes professional liars try to use open-palm gestures to fool others. But a careful listener may tell it is a lie through their body language such as lack of eye contact and touching the nose. Research has also suggested that if people normally turn their palms to face their listeners, they tend to be more honest themselves. If you want people’s honesty, talk to them and ask them questions while keeping your palms turned out. This will put pressure on the people you are talking to. Human body language, emotion, and communication are directly connected. By showing that you are honest, with your palms towards people, your body language pushes others to tell you the truth. 1．What does the underlined phrase “open up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．敞开心扉 B．开辟 C．产生 D．取得 2．What do people usually unconsciously do when they lie? A．They tend to hide their feet. B．They tend to shake your hands. C．They tend to hide their palms. D．They tend to turn their palms towards you. 3．Someone is probably lying when he or she is ________. A．touching the nose B．using open-palm gestures C．making eye contact with you D．sharing important information 4．Talking with your palms open will encourage others to ________. A．behave actively B．gesture carefully C．be honest with you D．forget their pressure Passage5 Have you ever been angry with your parents about putting away the iPad or turning off a video game? Most families are having these fights. In 2018, Brigham Young University and Deseret News did their American Family Survey(调查). It showed that the Number One worry for parents about teenagers was too much technology(科技). If you’re in school now, you may not remember a time before there were smartphones and tablets everywhere. The iPhone came out in 2007 and the iPad a few years later, in 2010. But screen(屏幕) time is nothing new. When your parents were growing up, they watched as much television as you do now, or even more. They probably played video games, too. Mobile devices(设备) are different, though, because they can come with us everywhere we go: to the dinner table, to restaurants into the car, into the bedroom when we’re going to sleep. They are always trying to make us pick them up or keep using them. That’s part of what makes smartphones smart! But it also means that they always stop us from having family time. And unlike with TV, which people often watch as a family, everyone—including parents—is now distracted(分心) by his or her own little machine. Studies show that too much screen time can cause problems. More than two hours a day of screen time raises your risk of being overweight. Too much screen time at night stops you from getting healthy sleep. Children who grow up with the most screen time (several hours a day) can have a hard time doing well in school. And many families fight about screen time, which is no fun for anyone. The solution is to talk about screen time. Make an agreement with your family about where, when, and how you are going to use computers and other devices. No more than an hour day is suggested for children during the school week. Parents, too, should put down their phones. When you do use a device, remember to enjoy it with your family, perhaps by playing games or watching a movie. The American Academy of Pediatrics says it’s the best way for children to grow up healthy in our digital world. 1．According to the survey, what do teenagers’ parents worry most? A．Teenagers do badly at school. B．Teenagers have fights with classmates. C．Teenagers have risks of being overweight. D．Teenagers spend too much time in front of screens. 2．The writer compares mobile devices with televisions to explain ________. A．why parents prefer watching TV B．why mobile devices lead to less family time C．why smartphones are smarter than televisions D．why mobile devices can cause health problems 3．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To give parents advice on using smartphones. B．To introduce the development of new technology. C．To tell children how to use mobile devices in a right way. D．To ask children to spend less time playing computer games. Passage6 When we talk about communication, we often think of communicating with others. But do you know that we also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge...You think that it would be great to have pancakes. Until you tell your mom what you want to eat, you are communicating with yourself. We call this kind of communication intrapersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering something. Intrapersonal communication plays a big role in our lives. Good intrapersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can better get on with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and feelings. When you find that your mind is full of negative (消极的) thoughts and feelings, and they make you sad, you will try to cheer up and get rid of (摆脱) these bad thoughts and feelings. What’s more, intrapersonal communication helps with your communication with others. Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk to or listen to them. Then, you can better understand and get on with them. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer explain the idea of intrapersonal communication in Paragraph 1? A．He shows some facts. B．He provides numbers. C．He gives an example. D．He asks and answers a question. 2．From Paragraph 3, we can learn about the ________ of intrapersonal communication. A．right ways. B．good points. C．problems. D．rules. 3．What does the underlined part “put yourself in others’ shoes” in the last paragraph probably mean in Chinese? A．换位思考 B．自我提升 C．吸取教训 D．查漏补缺 4．What's the structure (结构) of this passage? （Paragraph 1=①…） A．B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Communication. B．Learn to Communicate with Yourself. C．How to Communicate Better with Others. D．Get Rid of Negative Thoughts Through communication. Passage7 Crying is sometimes good for both your body and mind. 1 It also helps keep your eyes clean. Crying is like giving your eyes a good wash from the inside. Moreover, it can help you sleep better. 2 When you are happy, you may not often think of crying. But have you ever heard of “happy crying”? You might have experienced it before. Scientists have found out happy crying may happen in the following situations: 3 When you have some bad feelings that haven’t been noticed for a long time, and they can’t be expressed easily, happy crying happens. That is to say, even when you experience something happy, the bad feelings that haven’t been noticed or dealt with will still make you cry. When you are unable to keep yourself in good condition. Crying can help you manage strong moods or feelings. Some happy moments can also bring you strong feelings and you may find it hard to control them. 4 When you cry, it feels like you are driving some bad or terrible feelings away from your body. Besides, the hormones (激素) in tears can help to keep a balance between body and mood. 5 This helps people face difficulties in life more actively. 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．At this time, crying can be helpful. B．It is a good way to make you feel less stressed and cheer you up. C．When you have feelings that can’t be expressed. D．Crying is usually connected with feelings like anger or sadness. E．They can calm you down and make you feel peaceful. F．Perhaps crying too much is not good for you. Passage8 To be a good teacher, you need some of the abilities of a good actor. You must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience (听众). You must be a clear speaker with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control. And you must be able to act what you are teaching in order to make the meaning clearer. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not just sit before his class. He stands the whole time while he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms and hands to help him with his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness and the note (音调) of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the abilities of a good actor doesn’t mean that he will really be able to act well on stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words that he has learnt by heart. He has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, and even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on stage. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play. They ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand anything, they will say so. The teacher therefore has to act according to the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along. I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written. 1．Do good teachers need some of the abilities of the good actors? 2．Who has to speak words that he has learnt by heart, the actor or the teacher? 3．What is the main difference between students in class and the theatre audience? 4．Why are good teachers usually unable to do well in a stage play? 5．Why does a good teacher make gestures (示意动作) while speaking? Passage9 As the summer of 2012 draws near, there will be more and more reports about the London Olympic Games. Sportsmen and visitors from all over the world will travel to London. With different people to come from different cultures, speaking different languages is a difficult job for the host city. In the near future, London will have a chance to turn into a multilingual(多语的) city. Languages will play an important part in the Olympics. The need for languages is present in different sides of the games. London will be home to a large multicultural population with more than 300 languages to be spoken in the city. Chances will come for businesses of all sizes to make money by dealing with the visitors from all over the world. To be able to use the good chances, businesses need to pay attention to language services. Language services will be very important for helping people to communicate during the games. Communicating with people in their own language has already been one of the key purposes. To meet the need of the coming games, Londoners are asked to study more languages through short-time educational programs while they are preparing for the games. Language services should be prepared months before they start to solve any language problems that might come up during the games. To get the best possible results, translation work should also be carried out months ahead so that language services are ready for future visitors. 根据短文内容，完成下列小题。 1．When will the London Olympics be held? 2．Are languages important in the Olympics? 3．What do businesses need to do if they want to use the good chances? 4．How will Londoners study more languages? 5．What should be done to get the best possible results? 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Language and Communication （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了中西方使用微信表情符号“666”的不同原因及作者对此表情符号的看法。 实战演练 Passage1 说明文 介绍了“cool”一词的多重含义及其演变，指出它不仅可以表示温度，还可以表达兴趣、赞赏等情感，并通过例子展示了该词的广泛使用，同时引发对语言丰富性的思考。 Passage2 阅读理解 萨曼莎对一本肢体语言相关书籍的读后感。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 通过描述作者母亲求职面试和与客户开会的经历，阐述了肢体语言在人际交往中的重要作用，强调肢体语言能帮助我们留下良好第一印象、展现真实情感以及建立稳固的人际关系。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 指出人们交流时肢体语言比言语更重要，以手掌的动作等为例，说明肢体语言能反映人是否诚实等信息。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了当今的社会现象，那就是青少年太依赖智能手机，本文着重介绍了这对青少年的危害，并提出建议如何减少屏幕时间。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了自我沟通及其在生活中的作用。 Passage7 六选五 说明文 围绕“哭泣的益处”展开，介绍了哭泣对身心的积极作用，包括“喜极而泣”的现象及原因，解释了哭泣在调节情绪、缓解压力等方面的价值。 Passage8 阅读表达 议论文 文章主要谈论的内容是老师和演员这两个职业之间的相似和区别之处。 Passage9 阅读表达 说明文 讲述了语言在伦敦奥运会中的重要作用以及如何短时间内习得语言。 时文阅读 Passage1 A new emoji (表情符号) is getting popular among both Chinese and Western WeChat users, but they use it for different reasons. The “666” emoji recently came out on WeChat. It shows a smirking (得意的) face that holds up the Chinese gesture for “6” with the number “666” shown next to it. Most Chinese people know that this emoji is supposed to have a positive meaning. After all, the Chinese character for “six” is pronounced in the same way as “liu”, which means “things are going smoothly”. There’s also the proverb “liuliu dashun” in China. It is used to give good wishes to friends or relatives. But in some Western countries, “666” has a very different meaning—a religious (宗教的) one. It is said to be the “Mark of the Beast”, a symbol that the devil (恶魔) forces people to wear to show their loyalty (忠诚) to him. That’s why some people consider six to be a symbol of darkness and rebellion (反叛). It is especially popular among heavy metal bands (重金属乐队) and their fans. ▲ No one really takes it seriously in modern times. As a heavy metal fan who is also interested in Chinese culture, I like the new emoji for many reasons. I can send it to either my Chinese or Western friends and get different reactions (反应). This makes it fun for me to use. Just don’t be surprised if you get a strange reaction from Westerners if you send it to them! 1．Why is the “666” emoji popular in China? A．Because it is a new kind of emoji. B．Because it means everything goes well. C．Because it makes people rich. D．Because it is a symbol of pop music. 2．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4. A．But we all know that the devil isn’t real. B．Because they are all afraid of the devil. C．Some people are only interested in music. D．People don’t like it and never mention it. 3．Who will receive the “666” emoji from the author? A．The author’s family members. B．Only his Western friends. C．Only his Chinese friends. D．Both his Chinese and Western friends. 4．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Sending it only to Chinese friends. B．A strange reaction. C．Getting different reactions. D．A new emoji. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中西方使用微信表情符号“666”的不同原因及作者对此表情符号的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“After all ... There’s also the proverb ‘liuliu dashun’ in China.”可知，“666”表情符号在中国流行是因为它意味着一切都很顺利。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“No one really takes it seriously in modern times.”和上文可知，上文提到西方宗教中“666”象征恶魔，下文表示“在现代，没有人真的把它当回事”，所以此处表示转折关系，表明尽管有负面含义，但无人认真对待。A项“但我们都知道恶魔是不存在的。”符合题意。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“I can send it to either my Chinese or Western friends and get different reactions (反应).”可知，作者的中国和西方朋友都将收到他的“666”表情符号。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“I can send it to either my Chinese or Western friends and get different reactions (反应). This makes it fun for me to use.”可知，“This”指代前文“发送给中西方朋友得到不同反应”这一现象，使其使用变得有趣。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段引入表情符号，第二、三、四段具体介绍“666”这个表情符号的中西方含义对比，第五段陈述作者的个人体验与看法。所以本文是总分总结构。故选C。 实战演练 Passage1 “Cool” is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little cold. As the world has changed, the word has had many different meanings. “Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything. For example, when you see a famous car in the street, maybe you will say “It’s cool.” You may think, “He’s so cool,” when you see your favorite footballer. We can all understand most of the meanings of “cool”. You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”. Here’s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used. A teacher asked her students to write about the Great Wall after visiting it. On one student’s paper was just the one sentence, “It’s so cool.” Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt. But the story also shows a scarcity (缺乏) of words. Without “cool”, some people have no words to convey the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility (可信性). Can you think of many other words that make your life as colorful as the word “cool”? I can. And I think they are also very cool. 1．We know that the meaning of “cool” ________. A．remains the same B．changes over time C．shows feelings only D．expresses nothing 2．How does the writer introduce “cool” in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. D．By comparing differences. 3．The writer tells a story to show he is ________ how people use “cool”. A．surprised at B．proud of C．happy with D．worried about 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Introduce the uses of “cool”. B．Describe the spelling of “cool”. C．Discuss the background of “cool”. D．Explain the disadvantages of “cool”. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了“cool”一词的多重含义及其演变，指出它不仅可以表示温度，还可以表达兴趣、赞赏等情感，并通过例子展示了该词的广泛使用，同时引发对语言丰富性的思考。 1．第一段提到：“As the world has changed, the word has had many different meanings”，说明“cool”的含义是随时间变化的。 2．第二段通过“when you see a famous car...”“when you see your favorite footballer”等具体情境来说明“cool”的用法，这是通过举例子的方式。 3．第四段提到：“But the story also shows a scarcity of words. Without ‘cool’, some people have no words to convey the same meaning”，并呼吁保持语言的丰富性，可见作者对人们过度依赖“cool”表示担忧。 4．全文围绕“cool”的多重含义和使用方式展开，介绍了它如何被用来表达不同情感和态度，因此主要目的是介绍“cool”的用法。 Passage2 I’m Samantha, a manager in a hotel. I’d seen the book in the shop and thought it looked interesting, but I wasn’t sure if I really needed to read a whole book on body language. Then a friend lent me her copy and I started reading it. I couldn’t put it down! It’s full of amazing facts about how we communicate with our bodies without even realizing. The author is a psychologist who has spent years studying the way people move and the messages they give out. She starts by explaining that we’re programmed to recognize certain signs from birth. For example, when babies are hungry, they open their mouths and turn their heads towards their mothers. And when they’re tired, they rub their eyes. These actions are the same all over the world and don’t change as we grow up. But the book isn’t just about these basic signals. It also looks at the more complicated ways we use our bodies to show what we’re thinking or feeling. For example, the author describes an experiment where two people were asked to sit facing each other and not speak for five minutes. They didn’t know each other before the experiment. The results were unbelievable. In some cases, the couple ended up getting married! How? Well, what happened was that during the five minutes, they both started copying each other’s movements—if one person crossed his legs, the other did the same; if one touched his face, the other did too. They didn’t realize they were doing it, but their brains did. The author explains that this kind of copying is a sign that people like each other and feel comfortable together. There are lots of examples like this in the book, and it's fascinating to read. The only problem is that now I can’t stop watching people and guessing what they’re thinking! 1．Why did Samantha decide to read the book on body language? A．She needed to study body language for work. B．She found it interesting after seeing it in a shop. C．A friend lent it to her. D．She had to read it for a book club. 2．According to the author of the book, what is a certain sign that humans recognize from birth? A．Rubbing the nose when tired. B．Crossing legs when angry. C．Touching the face when happy. D．Opening the mouth when hungry. 3．What does the book mention besides basic signals? A．Cultural differences in body language. B．Complicated ways of communicating with the body. C．The history of body language. D．Famous people and their body language. 4．What experiment does the author describe in the book? A．An experiment about babies’ body language. B．An experiment about two people sitting face to face without speaking for five minutes. C．An experiment about cultural differences in body language. D．An experiment about many people copying each other’s movements. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是萨曼莎对一本肢体语言相关书籍的读后感。 1．第一段第3句“Then a friend lent me her copy and I started reading it.”明确说明萨曼莎阅读这本书的原因。 2．第二段第3-4句“For example, when babies are hungry, they open their mouths and turn their heads towards their mothers. And when they’re tired, they rub their eyes.”明确列举了人类天生的肢体信号——饿了张嘴、累了揉眼睛。 3．第三段第1-2句“But the book isn’t just about these basic signals. It also looks at the more complicated ways we use our bodies to show what we’re thinking or feeling.”明确衔接，这本书除了基础信号，还讲了用肢体表达想法/感受的更复杂方式。 4．第三段第3句“For example, the author describes an experiment where two people were asked to sit facing each other and not speak for five minutes.”原文直接描述实验内容——两人面对面坐着，五分钟不说话。 Passage3 Last month, my mum attended a job interview for a sales manager position. There were two other candidates (候选人) with her. The first candidate walked in with his head down, avoided eye contact, and sat with his arms crossed. He spoke in a quiet voice and kept touching his face. The second candidate, however, had a big smile, gave a firm handshake (有力的握手), and sat up straight. She looked at the interviewers directly when talking and nodded to show she was listening carefully. Later, my mum learned that the second candidate got the job. "Her body language showed she was confident and ready for the role, "the interviewer said. A few weeks later, my mum had an important meeting with a new client. At first, the client seemed cold and uninterested. My mum smiled warmly, leaned forward (身体前倾) when listening, and nodded often. Slowly, the client relaxed and started sharing more ideas. They finally signed a big deal (达成大交易). This experience taught me that body language is a powerful tool. It can help us make a good first impression, show our true feelings, and build strong connections with others. 1．What did the first candidate do during the interview? A．He kept his head down. B．He gave a firm handshake. C．He sat up straight. 2．Why did the second candidate get the job? A．She had more work experience. B．Her body language showed confidence. C．She spoke more clearly than others. 3．What is the main idea of Paragraph3? A．My mum’s client was cold at first. B．Body language helped my mum succeed in the meeting. C．My mum signed a big deal with the client. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A successful job interview B．How to talk with clients C．The power of body language 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过描述作者母亲求职面试和与客户开会的经历，阐述了肢体语言在人际交往中的重要作用，强调肢体语言能帮助我们留下良好第一印象、展现真实情感以及建立稳固的人际关系。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The first candidate walked in with his head down, avoided eye contact, and sat with his arms crossed.”可知，第一位候选人在面试时低着头。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“‘Her body language showed she was confident and ready for the role,’ the interviewer said.”可知，第二位候选人得到这份工作是因为她的肢体语言显示出自信。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“A few weeks later, my mum had an important meeting with a new client. At first, the client seemed cold and uninterested. My mum smiled warmly, leaned forward (身体前倾) when listening, and nodded often. Slowly, the client relaxed and started sharing more ideas. They finally signed a big deal (达成大交易).”可知，第三段主要讲述了作者的母亲在与客户开会时，通过积极的肢体语言，如微笑、身体前倾和点头，逐渐赢得了客户的信任，最终达成了大交易，强调了肢体语言在会议中的积极作用。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章最后一段“This experience taught me that body language is a powerful tool. It can help us make a good first impression, show our true feelings, and build strong connections with others.”可知，文章主要讲述了肢体语言的力量，它能帮助我们留下良好第一印象、展现真实情感以及建立稳固的人际关系。因此，最佳标题为“肢体语言的力量”。故选C。 Passage4 When people communicate, they use body language more than words. People’s body language shows important information just like speech does. When someone lies with their words, their body language often tells the truth. The next time you wonder if someone is telling you the truth, try watching their hands. A person who is being honest will usually turn one or both of their palms (手掌) towards the other person. If a person is beginning to “open up” or share important information, you may notice them turn their palms towards you. Like most body language, this unconscious (无意识的) gesture usually gives the other person the feeling that the speaker is speaking honestly. When people lie, they tend to hide their palms by putting their hands behind their back or holding them. Others will keep their hands in their pockets if they are lying or trying to hide information. Salespeople are sometimes trained to watch out for this specific example of body language when a person is saying that they can’t afford a product or service. Sometimes professional liars try to use open-palm gestures to fool others. But a careful listener may tell it is a lie through their body language such as lack of eye contact and touching the nose. Research has also suggested that if people normally turn their palms to face their listeners, they tend to be more honest themselves. If you want people’s honesty, talk to them and ask them questions while keeping your palms turned out. This will put pressure on the people you are talking to. Human body language, emotion, and communication are directly connected. By showing that you are honest, with your palms towards people, your body language pushes others to tell you the truth. 1．What does the underlined phrase “open up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．敞开心扉 B．开辟 C．产生 D．取得 2．What do people usually unconsciously do when they lie? A．They tend to hide their feet. B．They tend to shake your hands. C．They tend to hide their palms. D．They tend to turn their palms towards you. 3．Someone is probably lying when he or she is ________. A．touching the nose B．using open-palm gestures C．making eye contact with you D．sharing important information 4．Talking with your palms open will encourage others to ________. A．behave actively B．gesture carefully C．be honest with you D．forget their pressure 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文指出人们交流时肢体语言比言语更重要，以手掌的动作等为例，说明肢体语言能反映人是否诚实等信息。 1．词句猜测题。根据“or share important information, you may notice them turn their palms towards you”可知，“open up”意思与“分享重要信息”相近，应是“敞开心扉”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When people lie, they tend to hide their palms by putting their hands behind their back or holding them.”可知，人们说谎时通常无意识地隐藏手掌。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“But a careful listener may tell it is a lie through their body language such as lack of eye contact and touching the nose.”可知，摸鼻子可能意味着某人在说谎。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“If you want people’s honesty, talk to them and ask them questions while keeping your palms turned out. This will put pressure on the people you are talking to.”和“By showing that you are honest, with your palms towards people, your body language pushes others to tell you the truth.”可知，张开手掌交流能鼓励他人对你诚实。故选C。 Passage5 Have you ever been angry with your parents about putting away the iPad or turning off a video game? Most families are having these fights. In 2018, Brigham Young University and Deseret News did their American Family Survey(调查). It showed that the Number One worry for parents about teenagers was too much technology(科技). If you’re in school now, you may not remember a time before there were smartphones and tablets everywhere. The iPhone came out in 2007 and the iPad a few years later, in 2010. But screen(屏幕) time is nothing new. When your parents were growing up, they watched as much television as you do now, or even more. They probably played video games, too. Mobile devices(设备) are different, though, because they can come with us everywhere we go: to the dinner table, to restaurants into the car, into the bedroom when we’re going to sleep. They are always trying to make us pick them up or keep using them. That’s part of what makes smartphones smart! But it also means that they always stop us from having family time. And unlike with TV, which people often watch as a family, everyone—including parents—is now distracted(分心) by his or her own little machine. Studies show that too much screen time can cause problems. More than two hours a day of screen time raises your risk of being overweight. Too much screen time at night stops you from getting healthy sleep. Children who grow up with the most screen time (several hours a day) can have a hard time doing well in school. And many families fight about screen time, which is no fun for anyone. The solution is to talk about screen time. Make an agreement with your family about where, when, and how you are going to use computers and other devices. No more than an hour day is suggested for children during the school week. Parents, too, should put down their phones. When you do use a device, remember to enjoy it with your family, perhaps by playing games or watching a movie. The American Academy of Pediatrics says it’s the best way for children to grow up healthy in our digital world. 1．According to the survey, what do teenagers’ parents worry most? A．Teenagers do badly at school. B．Teenagers have fights with classmates. C．Teenagers have risks of being overweight. D．Teenagers spend too much time in front of screens. 2．The writer compares mobile devices with televisions to explain ________. A．why parents prefer watching TV B．why mobile devices lead to less family time C．why smartphones are smarter than televisions D．why mobile devices can cause health problems 3．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To give parents advice on using smartphones. B．To introduce the development of new technology. C．To tell children how to use mobile devices in a right way. D．To ask children to spend less time playing computer games. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【分析】本文主要介绍了当今的社会现象，那就是青少年太依赖智能手机，本文着重介绍了这对青少年的危害，并提出建议如何减少屏幕时间。 1．细节理解题。根据“It showed that the Number One worry for parents about teenagers was too much technology”可知，家长担心青少年花太多时间在屏幕前，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“And unlike with TV, which people often watch as a family, everyone—including parents—is now distracted(分心) by his or her own little machine”可知，租着拿电视和移动设备相比较，是为了说明移动设备导致家人在一起的时间少了，故选B。 3．推理判断题。本文通过描述当今青少年太依赖智能手机的这个社会现象，并介绍了它对青少年的危害，来告诉孩子们要正确地使用移动设备，故选C。 Passage6 When we talk about communication, we often think of communicating with others. But do you know that we also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge...You think that it would be great to have pancakes. Until you tell your mom what you want to eat, you are communicating with yourself. We call this kind of communication intrapersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering something. Intrapersonal communication plays a big role in our lives. Good intrapersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can better get on with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and feelings. When you find that your mind is full of negative (消极的) thoughts and feelings, and they make you sad, you will try to cheer up and get rid of (摆脱) these bad thoughts and feelings. What’s more, intrapersonal communication helps with your communication with others. Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk to or listen to them. Then, you can better understand and get on with them. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer explain the idea of intrapersonal communication in Paragraph 1? A．He shows some facts. B．He provides numbers. C．He gives an example. D．He asks and answers a question. 2．From Paragraph 3, we can learn about the ________ of intrapersonal communication. A．right ways. B．good points. C．problems. D．rules. 3．What does the underlined part “put yourself in others’ shoes” in the last paragraph probably mean in Chinese? A．换位思考 B．自我提升 C．吸取教训 D．查漏补缺 4．What's the structure (结构) of this passage? （Paragraph 1=①…） A．B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Communication. B．Learn to Communicate with Yourself. C．How to Communicate Better with Others. D．Get Rid of Negative Thoughts Through communication. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了自我沟通及其在生活中的作用。 1．推理判断题。根据“Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge...”可知，是通过一个例子介绍了自我沟通。故选C。 2．段落大意题。根据“Intrapersonal communication plays a big role in our lives.”可知，第三段介绍了自我沟通的好处。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk to or listen to them. Then, you can better understand and get on with them.”可知，可以让你在与他人交谈或倾听时设身处地地为他们着想。然后，你就能更好地理解他们，和他们相处。由此猜测，put yourself in others’ shoes意为 “换位思考”。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。第一段用于引出“自我沟通”的话题，为第一部分；第二段介绍了什么是“自我沟通”，为第二部分；第三、四段介绍了“自我沟通”的优点，为第三部分。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了自我沟通及其在生活中的作用，所以选项B “学会与自己沟通” 为标题最合适。故选B。 Passage7 Crying is sometimes good for both your body and mind. 1 It also helps keep your eyes clean. Crying is like giving your eyes a good wash from the inside. Moreover, it can help you sleep better. 2 When you are happy, you may not often think of crying. But have you ever heard of “happy crying”? You might have experienced it before. Scientists have found out happy crying may happen in the following situations: 3 When you have some bad feelings that haven’t been noticed for a long time, and they can’t be expressed easily, happy crying happens. That is to say, even when you experience something happy, the bad feelings that haven’t been noticed or dealt with will still make you cry. When you are unable to keep yourself in good condition. Crying can help you manage strong moods or feelings. Some happy moments can also bring you strong feelings and you may find it hard to control them. 4 When you cry, it feels like you are driving some bad or terrible feelings away from your body. Besides, the hormones (激素) in tears can help to keep a balance between body and mood. 5 This helps people face difficulties in life more actively. 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．At this time, crying can be helpful. B．It is a good way to make you feel less stressed and cheer you up. C．When you have feelings that can’t be expressed. D．Crying is usually connected with feelings like anger or sadness. E．They can calm you down and make you feel peaceful. F．Perhaps crying too much is not good for you. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“哭泣的益处”展开，介绍了哭泣对身心的积极作用，包括“喜极而泣”的现象及原因，解释了哭泣在调节情绪、缓解压力等方面的价值。 1．根据“Crying is sometimes good for both your body and mind.”以及“It also helps keep your eyes clean.”可知，此处是说明哭泣的益处之一。选项B“这是一种减轻压力、让你振作起来的好方式。”能承接上文，补充哭泣对心理的积极作用。故选B。 2．根据“When you are happy, you may not often think of crying. But have you ever heard of‘happy crying’?”可知，此处是说明哭泣通常与负面情绪相关，以此引出“喜极而泣”的转折。选项D“哭泣通常与愤怒或悲伤等情绪相关。”能衔接上下文，形成对比。故选D。 3．根据后文“When you have some bad feelings that haven’t been noticed for a long time, and they can’t be expressed easily, happy crying happens.”可知，此处是说明“喜极而泣”的一种情况。选项C“当你有无法表达的情绪时。”能概括该部分的情况，与下文“情绪无法轻易表达”的内容对应。故选C。 4．根据“Some happy moments can also bring you strong feelings and you may find it hard to control them.”以及“When you cry, it feels like you are driving some bad or terrible feelings away from your body.”可知，此处是说明此时哭泣是有帮助的。所以选项A“在这个时候，哭泣会有所帮助。”能衔接上下文，引出哭泣的积极作用。故选A。 5．根据“Besides, the hormones in tears can help to keep a balance between body and mood.”以及“This helps people face difficulties in life more actively.”可知，此处是说明这些激素的作用。所以选项E“它们能让你平静下来，感到安宁。”能承接上文，解释激素的积极影响。故选E。 Passage8 To be a good teacher, you need some of the abilities of a good actor. You must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience (听众). You must be a clear speaker with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control. And you must be able to act what you are teaching in order to make the meaning clearer. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not just sit before his class. He stands the whole time while he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms and hands to help him with his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness and the note (音调) of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the abilities of a good actor doesn’t mean that he will really be able to act well on stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words that he has learnt by heart. He has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, and even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on stage. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play. They ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand anything, they will say so. The teacher therefore has to act according to the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along. I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written. 1．Do good teachers need some of the abilities of the good actors? 2．Who has to speak words that he has learnt by heart, the actor or the teacher? 3．What is the main difference between students in class and the theatre audience? 4．Why are good teachers usually unable to do well in a stage play? 5．Why does a good teacher make gestures (示意动作) while speaking? 【答案】1．Yes, they do. 2．The actor. 3．Students take an active part in their teacher’s play. 4．Because they can’t keep strictly to what another has written. 5．To make the meaning clearer, draw the attention of his class and express feelings. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论的内容是老师和演员这两个职业之间的相似和区别之处。 1．根据第一段“To be a good teacher, you need some of the abilities of a good actor”可知，作为一名好老师你需要具备好演员的一些能力。故填Yes, they do. 2．根据第三段“The actor has to speak words that he has learnt by heart.”可知，演员必须说出他背下来的台词。故填The actor. 3．根据第三段“A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play.”可知，一个好老师的工作方式完全不同，他的听众积极参与他的演出，此处老师的听众指的是“学生”，所以学生和剧院观众的最大不同是参与老师的表演。故填Students take an active part in their teacher’s play. 4．根据最后一段“I have known many teachers...had written.”可知，许多老师在课堂上是很好的演员，但是由于不能严格遵守别人写的内容所以无法参演舞台剧。故填Because they can’t keep strictly to what another has written. 5．根据第一段和第二段“You must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience”，“you must be able to act what you are teaching in order to make the meaning clearer”和“using his arms and hands to help him with his explanations, and his face to express feelings.”可知，作为一个好老师，为了更好地吸引同学的注意力，用他的手、胳膊和表情帮助表达让意思更清楚。故填To make the meaning clearer, draw the attention of his class and express feelings. Passage9 As the summer of 2012 draws near, there will be more and more reports about the London Olympic Games. Sportsmen and visitors from all over the world will travel to London. With different people to come from different cultures, speaking different languages is a difficult job for the host city. In the near future, London will have a chance to turn into a multilingual(多语的) city. Languages will play an important part in the Olympics. The need for languages is present in different sides of the games. London will be home to a large multicultural population with more than 300 languages to be spoken in the city. Chances will come for businesses of all sizes to make money by dealing with the visitors from all over the world. To be able to use the good chances, businesses need to pay attention to language services. Language services will be very important for helping people to communicate during the games. Communicating with people in their own language has already been one of the key purposes. To meet the need of the coming games, Londoners are asked to study more languages through short-time educational programs while they are preparing for the games. Language services should be prepared months before they start to solve any language problems that might come up during the games. To get the best possible results, translation work should also be carried out months ahead so that language services are ready for future visitors. 根据短文内容，完成下列小题。 1．When will the London Olympics be held? 2．Are languages important in the Olympics? 3．What do businesses need to do if they want to use the good chances? 4．How will Londoners study more languages? 5．What should be done to get the best possible results? 【答案】1．In the summer of 2012. 2．Yes, they are. 3．Pay attention to language services. 4．Through short-time educational programs. 5．Translation work should be carried out months ahead. 【导语】本文主要讲述了语言在伦敦奥运会中的重要作用以及如何短时间内习得语言。 1．根据“As the summer of 2012 draws near, there will be more and more reports about the London Olympic Games.”可知，伦敦奥运会将于2012年举办，故填In the summer of 2012. 2．根据“Languages will play an important part in the Olympics.”可知，语言服务对于帮助人们在奥运会期间进行交流非常重要。故填Yes, they are. 3．根据“To be able to use the good chances, businesses need to pay attention to language services.”可知，为了能够利用好机会，商家需要重视语言服务。故填Pay attention to language services. 4．根据“To meet the need of the coming games, Londoners are asked to study more languages through short-time educational programs while they are preparing for the games.”可知，伦敦人通过短期教育项目学习更多的语言，故填Through short-time educational programs. 5．根据“To get the best possible results, translation work should also be carried out months ahead so that language services are ready for future visitors.”可知，为了获得最好的结果，翻译工作也应该提前几个月进行，故填Translation work should be carried out months ahead. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $