Unit1语法专项课件-Could用法2025-2026学年鲁教版(五四学制）英语八年级上册

教学课件 鲁教（五四制）英语八年级上册 Unit1 语法专项—— Could的用法 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.掌握could两种核心礼貌用法 2.熟练使用请求与请求许可句型 3.正确使用肯定/否定答语 4.区分could与can的用法差异 5.完成各类习题并巩固知识点 用法一 礼貌提出请求 含义：礼貌请对方做某事 基本句型： Could you please + 动词原形? Could you + 动词原形? 适用：长辈、陌生人、正式场合 比Can you…语气更客气 请求句型例句1 Could you please clean your room? 请你打扫一下你的房间好吗？ Could you please help me with English? 请你帮我辅导英语好吗？ please让语气更礼貌 句尾用句号或问号均可 请求句型例句2 Could you open the door? 你能开一下门吗？ Could you pass me the book? 你能把书递给我吗？ 省略please，语气稍随意 仍比Can you…更礼貌 用法二 礼貌请求许可 含义：礼貌请求允许自己做某事 基本句型： Could I + 动词原形? Could we + 动词原形? 适用：向老师、家长、上级请求 请求许可例句1 Could I go out with friends? 我可以和朋友出去吗？ Could I watch TV for a while? 我可以看一会儿电视吗？ I表示请求自己做某事 请求许可例句2 Could we have a rest? 我们可以休息一下吗？ Could we get some water? 我们可以喝点水吗？ we表示多人一起请求许可 易混句型对比 May I + 动词原形? 更正式，用于严肃场合 Could I + 动词原形? 日常通用，委婉礼貌 Can I + 动词原形? 口语随意，对熟人使用 Could you please 否定式 否定请求：请不要做某事 结构：Could you please not + 动词原形? 例句： Could you please not shout here? 请你不要在这里大喊好吗？ 答语规则（重要） 回答Could句型时，肯定用can，否定用can’t 不用could/couldn’t 例：Could you help me? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 对请求的肯定答语 Sure./Of course./No problem./Yes, sure./OK. I’d be happy to. 对请求的否定答语 Sorry, I can’t./I’m afraid I can’t./I’d love to, but… I have to do my homework. 对许可的肯定答语 Sure, that should be OK./Yes, you can./Of course./Go ahead. 对许可的否定答语 No, you can’t./I’m afraid not. Sorry, but you can’t. You have to finish homework first. 核心用法表格 功能 句型 例句 请求对方 Could you please+动原 Could you please sweep floor? 请求自己 Could I+动原 Could I use your pen? 易错点提醒1 Could≠can的过去式 本单元只表委婉语气，不表示过去发生的动作 答语一律用can/can’t，不用could/couldn’t 易错点提醒2 Could you please后一定加动词原形，不能加to do/doing/did Could I/we后也加动词原形，否定请求加not，不加don’t 单项选择 1.— Could you please fold clothes?— ______. I’m busy now. A. Sure B. No problem C. Sorry, I can’t 2.Could I ______ your dictionary? A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing 3.Could you please ______ the door? A. open B. to open C. opening 4.— Could we go to the park?— No, you ______. A. couldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t 5.Could you please not ______ here? A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking C A A B A 6.— Could you help me do dishes?— ______. Here you are. A. Yes, sure B. Sorry C. No 7.Could I ______ late? A. stay B. to stay C. staying 8.— Could I use your bike?— ______. But return it soon. A. I’m afraid not B. Sure C. No 9.Could you please ______ rubbish? A. take out B. to take out C. taking out 10.— Could you walk the dog?— ______. I’m tired. A. Yes, I can B. Sorry, I can’t C. Of course A A B A B 句型转换 1.Can you help me?（改礼貌句）______ you please ______ me? 2.I can use your ruler.（改请求）______ I ______ your ruler? 3.Please clean the room.（改礼貌句） ______ you please ______ the room? 4.You can’t go out.（改委婉答）No, you ______. 5.Can I sit here?（改礼貌句） ______ I ______ here? Could help Could use Could clean can’t Could sit 6.Don’t run here.（改礼貌否定请求） Could you please ______ ______ here? 7.We can watch TV.（改请求）______ we ______ TV? 8.You can’t borrow my pen.（委婉答） I’m afraid ______. 9.Can you pass the bag?（改礼貌句） ______ you please ______ the bag? 10.Please not talk.（改正确礼貌句） Could you please ______ ______? not run Could watch not Could pass not talk 情景补全 A: Hi, Linda. 1. ______________________________（我能用你的笔吗？） B: 2. ______________________________.（当然可以） A: 3. _______________________________________________________（你能帮我拿书包吗？） B: 4. ______________________________.（没问题） A: 5. _______________________________________________________（我们放学后能去书店吗？） B: OK. Could I use your pen? Sure/Of course Could you please help me get my schoolbag? No problem Could we go to the bookstore after school? A: 6. ______________________________（我能看电视吗？） B: No, you can’t. 7. ______________________________（你得先写作业） A: 8. ___________________________________（你能帮我讲题吗？） B: 9. ______________________________.（抱歉我不能）I’m busy. A: OK. 10. ______________________________（谢谢） Could I watch TV? You have to do homework first. Could you help me with the problem? Sorry, I can’t. Thank you. 完成句子 1.请你不要在这里吃东西好吗？ Could you please ______ ______ here? 2.我可以和你一起去吗？______ ______ go with you? 3.你能帮我打扫房间吗？ ______ you please ______ my room? 4.恐怕不行，我得写作业。 ______ ______ ______. I have to do homework. 5.我们可以喝点水吗？______ ______ get some water? not eat Could I Could clean I’m afraid not Could we 课堂小结1 Could两大用法： 1.礼貌请求：Could you…? 2.请求许可：Could I/we…? 结构一律：could + 动词原形 否定请求：please not + 动原 课堂小结2 答语规则： 肯定：can / sure / of course 否定：can’t / sorry / afraid not could不表过去，只表委婉 答语不用could/couldn’t 课堂小结3 日常使用场景： 对长辈/陌生人用could 对熟人可用can 正式场合可用may 礼貌用语更受欢迎 教学课件 Unit1 语法专项—— Could的用法 Thank you for listening! 26 $