Unit 6 Plan for the Summer（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语鲁科版五四制五年级下册

Unit 6 Plan for the Summer 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 时间状语与时态搭配 高频易错点01 be going to / will 表将来的用法辨析 高频易错点02 You'd better 句型 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 be going to / will 表将来的用法辨析高频易错点01 be going to 和 will 都可表示将来发生的动作或情况，但用法侧重点不同，是小学阶段一般将来时的核心易错点。 核心用法 （1）be going to 的用法 侧重事先计划、安排好的动作，或根据现有迹象判断即将发生的事。 结构：主语 + be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 I am going to go to a summer camp in Britain.（事先计划的暑假安排） Look at the clouds. It is going to rain.（根据迹象判断即将下雨） （2）will 的用法 侧重临时决定、主观意愿、承诺或对未来的单纯预测。 结构：主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他（否定形式：will not = won't） ——The door is open. ——I will close it.（临时决定） Jenny: You'd better take an umbrella. Li Ming: Thank you. I will.（承诺） 易错点提示 如何区分 be going to 和 will？牢记“计划用be going to，临时用will”核心原则，结合语境判断： 1.若句子中有明确的事先计划标志（如 this summer holiday, next term, plan 等），优先用 be going to。 2.若场景是对话中临时做出的决定、回应他人的建议/请求，优先用 will。 3.两者均不可遗漏核心结构：be going to 后必须接动词原形，且 be 动词要随主语人称变化；will 后永远接动词原形，无人称变化。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. I ______ travel around China this summer holiday. I made the plan last week. A. will B. am going to C. am ( )2. ——Who can help me? ——I ______ help you. A. am going to B. will C. is going to ( )3. She ______ take swimming classes. She wants to be a swimming star. A. will B. are going to C. is going to 用 be going to 或 will 填空 (1) We ____________ visit the British Museum next weekend. （计划好的行程） (2) ——I forgot my umbrella. ——Don't worry. I ____________ share mine with you. （临时决定） (3) He ____________ learn English during the weekdays. （事先安排） 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.答案：B。句中 “made the plan last week” 表明是事先计划好的动作，符合 be going to 的用法，主语是 I，be 动词用 am，故选 B。 2.答案：B。答语是对话中临时做出的帮助决定，符合 will 的用法，主语是 I，will 无人称变化，故选 B。 3.答案：C。句中 “She wants to be a swimming star” 暗示是有计划的安排，用 be going to，主语是 she，be 动词用 is，故选 C。 填空题答案及解析 (1) 答案：are going to。“next weekend” 和 “计划好的行程” 提示是事先安排，主语是 we，be 动词用 are。 (2) 答案：will。答语是针对对方忘带伞的临时回应，符合 will 表临时决定的用法。 (3) 答案：is going to。“during the weekdays” 表明是事先安排的学习计划，主语是 he，be 动词用 is。 You'd better 句型高频易错点02 You'd better 是小学阶段表“建议”的核心句型，因结构特殊，极易出现形式错误，是高频易错点。 核心用法 You'd better 是 You had better 的缩写，用于向对方提出最好做某事的建议，语气委婉且具有一定的劝导性。 基本结构：You'd better + 动词原形 + 其他 You'd better take an umbrella. It often rains in London. You'd better take a map when you travel. 否定结构：You'd better not + 动词原形 + 其他（表示“最好不要做某事”） You'd better not forget your camera. You'd better not go out alone at night. 易错点提示 1.绝对不可在 You'd better 后加 to，这是最常见错误！ ❌ 错误：You'd better to take a map. ✅ 正确：You'd better take a map. 2.动词形式错误：不可将动词变为第三人称单数或过去式。 ❌ 错误：You'd better takes the bus. / You'd better went home early. ✅ 正确：You'd better take the bus. / You'd better go home early. 3.否定形式错误：不可在 will/do 后加 not，必须直接在 better 后加 not。 ❌ 错误：You'd not better go. / You won't better take it. ✅ 正确：You'd better not go. 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. You'd better ______ your homework first. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing ( )2. You'd better ______ late for school. A. not be B. not to be C. don't be ( )3. ——It's cold outside. ——You'd better ______ a coat. A. wearing B. wear C. wears 按要求改写句子 (1) You'd better take an umbrella.（改为否定句） _______________________________ (2) You'd better read Snow White.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） _______________________________ 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.答案：A。You'd better 后必须接动词原形，finish 是动词原形，to finish 是不定式，finishing 是现在分词，故选 A。 2.答案：A。You'd better 的否定形式是 You'd better not + 动词原形，be late for 是固定搭配，be 是动词原形，故选 A。 3.答案：B。You'd better 后接动词原形，wear 是动词原形，wearing 是现在分词，wears 是第三人称单数，故选 B。 改写句子答案及解析 (1) 答案：You'd better not take an umbrella. 解析：直接在 better 后加 not，动词 take 保持原形，其余结构不变。 (2) 答案：Had you better read Snow White? Yes, you had. 解析：You'd better 变一般疑问句时，将 had 提前，首字母大写；肯定回答用 “Yes, you had.”。 时间状语与时态搭配高频易错点03 本单元核心时态是一般将来时，时间状语是判断时态的关键标志，极易出现“时间状语与时态不匹配”“遗漏时间状语”等错误。 核心用法 （1）一般将来时的核心时间状语 本单元出现的高频将来时时间状语： 短期计划：this summer holiday（今年暑假） 学期安排：next term（下学期） 其他常用：tomorrow（明天）, next week/month/year（下周/月/年）, in the future（在未来） 搭配规则：以上时间状语出现时，句子必须用一般将来时（be going to / will + 动词原形）。 I will take swimming classes this summer holiday. Li Ming is going to go to middle school next term. （2）易混淆的时间状语（一般现在时 vs 一般将来时） 时态 核心时间状语 例句 一般现在时 every day/week, usually, often He often reads books. 一般将来时 this summer holiday, next term He will read storybooks this summer holiday. 易错点提示 1.时态与时间状语不匹配：看到将来时时间状语，却用了一般现在时。 ❌ 错误：I take swimming classes this summer holiday. ✅ 正确：I am going to take swimming classes this summer holiday. 2.将来时结构残缺：用了将来时时间状语，却遗漏了 be going to 或 will。 ❌ 错误：She visits the London Eye next weekend. ✅ 正确：She will visit the London Eye next weekend. 3.误用一般现在时时间状语：在将来时句子中加入 every day, often 等词。 ❌ 错误：I will go to Harbin every day next term. ✅ 正确：I will go to Harbin next term. 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. Wang Hong ______ to Harbin this summer holiday. A. travels B. will travel C. traveled ( )2. They ______ English classes during the weekdays next term. A. have B. are going to have C. had ( )3. I ______ my grandparents every week. I ______ them next month. A. visit; will visit B. will visit; visit C. visit; visit 用所给动词的正确形式填空 (1) Peter ____________ (go) back to Canada with his parents this summer holiday. (2) We ____________ (have) new subjects next term. (3) My sister ____________ (read) books every evening. She ____________ (read) Snow White this summer. 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.答案：B。句中 “this summer holiday” 是将来时时间状语，句子用一般将来时，will travel 是一般将来时结构，travels 是一般现在时，traveled 是一般过去时，故选 B。 2.答案：B。句中 “next term” 是将来时时间状语，用一般将来时，are going to have 是 be going to 结构，符合事先安排的语境，have 是一般现在时，had 是一般过去时，故选 B。 3.答案：A。第一空 “every week” 是一般现在时时间状语，主语是 I，用 visit；第二空 “next month” 是将来时时间状语，用 will visit，故选 A。 填空题答案及解析 (1) 答案：is going to go / will go。“this summer holiday” 是将来时时间状语，Peter 是第三人称单数，用 is going to go（计划）或 will go（意愿）均可。 (2) 答案：will have / are going to have。“next term” 是将来时时间状语，主语是 we，用 will have 或 are going to have 均可。 (3) 答案：reads; will read / is going to read。第一空 “every evening” 是一般现在时时间状语，主语是 my sister，用 reads；第二空 “this summer” 是将来时时间状语，用 will read 或 is going to read 均可。 综合训练 一、用be going to / will 填空（注意形式变化） 1.I ____________ (learn) to swim this summer holiday. I have a swimming class card. 2.——I don't know how to finish the poster. ——Don't worry. I ____________ (help) you after school. 3.They ____________ (visit) their grandparents next weekend. It's their family plan. 4.Look at the black clouds. It ____________ (rain) soon. 5.——Would you like some juice? ——Yes, please. I ____________ (drink) a glass of orange juice. 6.My cousin ____________ (go) to Beijing this summer. He booked the train ticket yesterday. 7.If you study hard, you ____________ (get) good grades. 8.We ____________ (have) a picnic in the park tomorrow. We bought some fruit and bread. 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.You'd better ____________ (take) a hat when you go to the beach. 2.She ____________ (travel) to Shanghai next month. She is going to visit the Disney Park. 3.You'd better not ____________ (forget) your passport for the trip. 4.My brother ____________ (not go) to the summer camp. He doesn't like outdoor activities. 5.We usually ____________ (read) books in the library, but we ____________ (go) to the cinema next Sunday. 6.You'd better ____________ (be) quiet in the museum. 7.He ____________ (have) an English test next week, so he is studying hard now. 8.They ____________ (not watch) TV tonight. They plan to do their homework. 三、单项选择 ( )1. I ______ go to a summer camp in Canada this summer. I made the plan last month. A. will B. am going to C. am ( )2. You'd better ______ late for the train. It will leave in 10 minutes. A. not be B. not to be C. don't be ( )3. ——Who can go shopping with me? ——I ______ go with you. A. am going to B. will C. is going to ( )4. She ______ take a piano lesson next term. She likes playing the piano very much. A. will B. are going to C. is going to ( )5. You'd better ______ a map when you travel in a new city. A. take B. to take C. taking ( )6. They ______ English songs every morning, but they ______ a singing contest next month. A. sing; will have B. sing; have C. will sing; have ( )7. ——It's very hot outside. ——You'd better ______ some water with you. A. bringing B. bring C. brings ( )8. ______ he ______ to the zoo this weekend? A. Is; going B. Will; goes C. Is; go ( )9. I ______ visit the Great Wall next year. It's my dream. A. am going to B. will C. both A and B ( )10. You'd better not ______ in the river. It's dangerous. A. swim B. swimming C. swims 四、按要求改写句子 1.I am going to visit the British Museum this summer.（改为一般疑问句） ______________________________________________ 2.You'd better take an umbrella for the trip.（改为否定句） ______________________________________________ 3.They will go to the beach next weekend.（改为否定句） ______________________________________________ 4.He is going to learn French during the summer holiday.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________ 5.You'd better read more English books.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ______________________________________________ 6.Li Ming will travel around the US this year.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________ 7.We are going to have a party next Friday.（改为同义句） ______________________________________________ 8.You'd better wear a T-shirt in summer.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________ 9.She will go to middle school next term.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） ______________________________________________ 10.They are going to buy some gifts for their friends.（对划线部分提问） ______________________________________________ 五、补全对话（从方框中选择合适的选项） A. How long will you stay there? B. Will you go there with your family? C. You'd better book the tickets early. D. Where are you going? E. What will you do there? A: Hi, Tom! The summer holiday is coming. 1. ____________ B: I'm going to Sanya. It's a beautiful city. A: 2. ____________ B: Yes, I will go there with my parents and my little sister. A: 3. ____________ B: I am going to swim in the sea, eat seafood and visit the beach. A: Sounds great! 4. ____________ It's the busy season in Sanya. B: Thank you for your advice. My mom has already booked the plane tickets. A: 5. ____________ B: We will stay there for two weeks. I can't wait! 六、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文（注意形式变化） will, be going to, take, visit, have, go, learn, share The summer holiday is coming. My family and I ____________ travel to Xi'an this summer. It's our family plan and we booked the hotel last week. My dad ____________ drive the car. We ____________ the Terracotta Army and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda. My mom ____________ some special food for us. I ____________ to learn some history about Xi'an, so I ____________ take a history book with me. My little sister is young, so I ____________ my toys with her on the trip. We ____________ a happy summer holiday! 参考答案 一、用be going to / will 填空（注意形式变化） 1. am going to learn 2. will help 3. are going to visit 4. will rain 5. will drink 6. is going to go 7. will get 8. are going to have 1. am going to learn 解析：句中“I have a swimming class card”（我有一张游泳课卡）提示是提前计划好的动作，用be going to结构；主语I对应am，learn用原形，故填am going to learn。 2. will help 解析：问句表达“不知道如何完成海报”，答句是临时承诺提供帮助，临时决定用will，后接动词原形help，故填will help。 3. are going to visit 解析：句中“It's their family plan”（这是他们的家庭计划）提示是提前计划的动作，用be going to结构；主语They对应are，visit用原形，故填are going to visit。 4. will rain 解析：句中“Look at the black clouds”（看那些乌云）提示是根据当前迹象判断即将发生的动作，用will表将来，后接动词原形rain，故填will rain。 5. will drink 解析：问句询问“是否想要果汁”，答句是临时做出的决定，用will表将来，后接动词原形drink，故填will drink。 6. is going to go 解析：句中“He booked the train ticket yesterday”（他昨天订了火车票）提示是提前计划好的动作，用be going to结构；主语My cousin是第三人称单数，对应is，go用原形，故填is going to go。 7. will get 解析：句中“If you study hard”（如果你努力学习）是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用将来时，will后接动词原形get，故填will get。 8. are going to have 解析：句中“We bought some fruit and bread”（我们买了一些水果和面包）提示是提前计划好的野餐，用be going to结构；主语We对应are，have用原形，故填are going to have。 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. take 2. is going to travel/will travel 3. forget 4. isn't going to go/won't go 5. read; are going to go/will go 6. be 7. is going to have/will have 8. aren't going to watch/won't watch 1. take 解析：“You'd better do sth.”（你最好做某事）是固定句型，better后接动词原形，故填take。 2. is going to travel/will travel 解析：句中“next month”（下个月）是将来时间标志，可用be going to（计划）或will（将来）；主语She是第三人称单数，be going to对应is going to，travel用原形；will后接travel原形，故两种答案均可。 3. forget 解析：“You'd better not do sth.”（你最好不要做某事）是固定句型，not后接动词原形，故填forget。 4. isn't going to go/won't go 解析：句中“He doesn't like outdoor activities”（他不喜欢户外活动）提示是计划好的否定动作，可用be going to的否定式或will的否定式；主语My brother是第三人称单数，isn't going to后接go原形；won't后接go原形，故两种答案均可。 5. read; are going to go/will go 解析：前半句“usually”（通常）提示用一般现在时，主语We是复数，read用原形；后半句“next Sunday”（下周日）是将来时间，可用be going to或will，主语We对应are going to，will后接go原形，故填read和are going to go/will go。 6. be 解析：“You'd better do sth.”（你最好做某事）是固定句型，better后接动词原形，be用原形，故填be。 7. is going to have/will have 解析：句中“next week”（下周）是将来时间标志，可用be going to（计划）或will（将来）；主语He是第三人称单数，be going to对应is going to，have用原形；will后接have原形，故两种答案均可。 8. aren't going to watch/won't watch 解析：句中“They plan to do their homework”（他们计划做家庭作业）提示是计划好的否定动作，可用be going to的否定式或will的否定式；主语They是复数，aren't going to后接watch原形；won't后接watch原形，故两种答案均可。 三、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A 1. B 解析：句中“I made the plan last month”（我上个月制定了计划）提示是提前计划好的动作，用be going to；主语I对应am，故排除A（will，临时决定）、C（am，语法错误），选B。 2. A 解析：“You'd better not do sth.”（你最好不要做某事）是固定句型，not后接动词原形，be late（迟到）是固定搭配，故排除B（not to be，多to）、C（don't be，搭配错误），选A。 3. B 解析：问句询问“谁能和我一起去购物”，答句是临时答应，用will表临时决定；主语I对应will，排除A（am going to，计划）、C（is going to，主语不匹配），选B。 4. C 解析：句中“She likes playing the piano very much”（她非常喜欢弹钢琴）提示是提前计划好的动作，用be going to；主语She是第三人称单数，对应is going to，排除A（will，临时决定）、B（are going to，主语不匹配），选C。 5. A 解析：“You'd better do sth.”（你最好做某事）是固定句型，better后接动词原形，故排除B（to take，多to）、C（taking，动名词），选A。 6. A 解析：前半句“every morning”（每天早上）提示用一般现在时，主语They是复数，sing用原形；后半句“next month”（下个月）提示用将来时，will have（将举办）符合，排除B（have，一般现在时）、C（will sing，前半句时态错误），选A。 7. B 解析：“You'd better do sth.”（你最好做某事）是固定句型，better后接动词原形，故排除A（bringing，动名词）、C（brings，第三人称单数），选B。 8. A 解析：句中“this weekend”（这个周末）是将来时间，一般疑问句可用“Is he going to...”（计划）或“Will he go...”（临时）；B（Will; goes，goes错误，will后接原形）、C（Is; go，go错误，be going to后接原形）均错误，选A。 9. C 解析：句中“next year”（明年）是将来时间，am going to（计划）和will（将来）均可表示将来，主语I对应am going to，will后接visit原形，两者都正确，故选C。 10. A 解析：“You'd better not do sth.”（你最好不要做某事）是固定句型，not后接动词原形，故排除B（swimming，动名词）、C（swims，第三人称单数），选A。 四、按要求改写句子 1. Are you going to visit the British Museum this summer? 2. You'd better not take an umbrella for the trip. 3. They won't go to the beach next weekend. 4. What is he going to learn during the summer holiday? 5. Had I better read more English books? Yes, you had better. 6. Where will Li Ming travel around this year? 7. We will have a party next Friday. 8. What had I better wear in summer? 9. Will she go to middle school next term? No, she won't. 10. What are they going to buy for their friends? 1. Are you going to visit the British Museum this summer? 解析：原句是be going to结构的肯定句，改为一般疑问句时，将be动词are提到句首，I改为you，其余不变，句末加问号。 2. You'd better not take an umbrella for the trip. 解析：“You'd better do sth.”改为否定句，直接在better后加not，动词take仍用原形，其余不变。 3. They won't go to the beach next weekend. 解析：原句是will表将来的肯定句，改为否定句时，在will后加not，缩写为won't，动词go用原形，其余不变。 4. What is he going to learn during the summer holiday? 解析：划线部分“learn French”（学法语）是动作内容，对动作内容提问用what；原句是be going to结构，将be动词is提到what后，其余不变，句末加问号。 5. Had I better read more English books? Yes, you had better. 解析：“You'd better do sth.”改为一般疑问句，将had提到句首，you改为I；肯定回答用“Yes, you had better.”，固定句式。 6. Where will Li Ming travel around this year? 解析：划线部分“the US”（美国）是地点，对地点提问用where；原句是will表将来，将will提到where后，其余不变，句末加问号。 7. We will have a party next Friday. 解析：be going to和will均可表示将来，同义句转换时，将are going to have改为will have，其余不变。 8. What had I better wear in summer? 解析：划线部分“a T-shirt”（一件T恤）是物品，对物品提问用what；原句是“You'd better do sth.”，改为疑问句时将had提到句首，you改为I，其余不变，句末加问号。 9. Will she go to middle school next term? No, she won't. 解析：原句是will表将来的肯定句，改为一般疑问句时，将will提到句首，其余不变；否定回答用“No, 主语+won't.”，主语she对应won't。 10. What are they going to buy for their friends? 解析：划线部分“some gifts”（一些礼物）是物品，对物品提问用what；原句是be going to结构，将be动词are提到what后，其余不变，句末加问号。 五、补全对话（从方框中选择合适的选项） 1. D 2. B 3. E 4. C 5. A 1. D 解析：答句“I'm going to Sanya.”（我要去三亚）回答的是地点，因此问句应询问“你要去哪里”，对应选项D。 2. B 解析：答句“Yes, I will go there with my parents and my little sister.”（是的，我会和我的父母还有小妹妹一起去那里）是肯定回答，问句应是一般疑问句，询问“你会和家人一起去吗”，对应选项B。 3. E 解析：答句“I am going to swim in the sea, eat seafood and visit the beach.”（我要去海里游泳、吃海鲜、参观海滩）回答的是要做的事情，因此问句应询问“你在那里要做什么”，对应选项E。 4. C 解析：后句“It's the busy season in Sanya.”（三亚现在是旺季）提示，此处应是给出建议“你最好早点订票”，对应选项C。 5. A 解析：答句“We will stay there for two weeks.”（我们会在那里待两周）回答的是停留时间，因此问句应询问“你会在那里待多久”，选项A. How long will you stay there?。 六、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文（注意形式变化） 1.are going to; 2.will;3. are going to visit; 4.will have; 5.am going to; 6.will; 7.will share; 8.will have 1. are going to 解析：句中“It's our family plan and we booked the hotel last week”（这是我们的家庭计划，我们上周订了酒店）提示是提前计划好的旅行，用be going to；主语My family and I是复数，对应are going to，后接travel原形。 2. will 解析：“爸爸开车”是旅行中的临时安排，用will表将来，后接drive原形。 3. are going to visit 解析：“参观兵马俑和大雁塔”是提前计划好的行程，用be going to；主语We是复数，对应are going to，后接visit原形。 4. will have 解析：“妈妈做特色食物”是旅行中的安排，用will表将来，后接have原形（have some special food 做一些特色食物）。 5. am going to 解析：句中“so I will take a history book with me”（所以我会带一本历史书）提示，“学西安历史”是提前计划好的，用be going to；主语I对应am going to，后接learn原形。 6. will 解析：“带历史书”是为了学历史，是临时决定的搭配，用will表将来，后接take原形。 7. will share 解析：“和妹妹分享玩具”是旅行中的临时安排，用will表将来，后接share原形（share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物）。 8. will have 解析：“度过愉快的暑假”是对将来的预测，用will表将来，后接have原形（have a happy summer holiday 度过愉快的暑假）。 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $