Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A单词讲练课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 2 人教版英语八年级下册 Stay Healthy 单词表逐词过关 Section A How do we take care of ourselves？ 我们怎么照顾自己？ 例句 1.We should ______________ take care of ______________ from a young age. 我们应该从小学会照顾自己。 2.We need to ___________________________ if we want to win the game. 如果我们想赢得比赛，就需要相信我们自己。 词性转换 our pron.我们的 ourselves 举一反三 learn to ourselves believe in ourselves sore throat 喉咙痛 sore /sɔː(r)/adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 have a sore back 背痛 1. I can’t sing loudly because I ___________________________today. 我今天喉咙痛，不能大声唱歌。 2. After playing basketball for two hours, I ___________________and couldn't sit straight. 打了两个小时篮球后，我的背酸痛，坐都坐不直。 3. Her feet hurt badly after hiking up the mountain—she really ___________________. 爬山之后她的脚疼得厉害——真的脚痛得很。 拓展短语 have a sore + 身体部位： have a sore shoulder/back 肩痛/背痛 have sore feet 脚痛 sore 举一反三 had sore feet have a sore throat had a sore back sore throat 喉咙痛 throat /θrəʊt/n. 喉咙；咽喉 have a sore throat喉咙痛 1. He ___________________ before giving the speech ___________________ his voice was loud. 他在演讲前清了清嗓子，确保声音够响亮。 2. She had a ___________ and a sore ___________, so she went to see the doctor. 她发烧并且喉咙痛，所以去看医生了。 拓展短语 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 clear one’s throat 清嗓子 throat 举一反三 cleared his throat to make sure fever throat 拆分： stomache(胃)+ache(痛) stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/ n. 胃痛；肚子疼 have a stomachache 胃痛 I have a stomachache. I ate too much at my friend's birthday party yesterday. 我胃疼。昨天在朋友的生日聚会上我吃得太多了。 例句 1. I ________________________________because I ate too many spicy chips last night. 我胃疼得厉害，因为昨晚吃了太多辣薯片。 2. She only ________________________________， so she can still go to school this morning. 她只是有点轻微胃痛，所以今天早上还能去上学。 词性转换 stomach n. 胃 举一反三 stomachache have a bad stomachache has a slight stomachache 拆分： head(头)+ache(痛) headache /ˈhedeɪk/ n. 头痛；令人头痛的事 have a headache 头痛 1.I ________________________________because I ___________________ doing homework last night. 我头痛得厉害，因为昨晚熬夜写作业了。 2. She ________________________________ and needs to_____________ for a while. 她头痛得厉害，需要躺一会儿。 拓展短语 have a terrible/bad headache 严重的头痛 举一反三 headache stayed up late has a bad headache have a terrible headache lie down 拆分： tooth(牙齿)+ache(痛) toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/ n. 牙痛 have a toothache 牙痛 1.He _______________________________last night, so he went to the ________ early this morning. 他昨晚牙痛得厉害，所以今天一早就去看牙医了。 拓展短语 have a terrible toothache 严重的牙痛 举一反三 toothache 例句 No,I can't eat anything. I have a terrible toothache. 不，我什么都吃不下。我牙痛得厉害。 had a terrible toothache dentist suffering n. 痛苦；折磨 suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ v. 受苦；遭受 拓展短语 suffer from a cold 患感冒 suffer from headache 头痛 suffer pain 遭受痛苦 suffer loss 遭受损失 suffer from 例句 I guess I didn't drink enough water. I'm suffering from a sore throat now. 我猜我喝的水不够，现在正受喉咙痛的折磨。 受苦；受折磨 1.She _______________________________after studying for the exam all night. 她通宵备考后，头痛得厉害。 2.The old man ______________________ when he broke his leg. 老人摔断腿时，遭受了巨大的痛苦。 3.Many farmers ___________________________ because of the sudden storm. 许多农民因突如其来的暴风雨而遭受了严重损失。 4.Many kids in the city _________________________ because they use phones too much. 城里很多孩子因为玩手机太多而视力不好。 举一反三 suffered from a headache suffered great pain suffer from poor sight suffered heavy losses press down on your nose 按住你的鼻子 press /pres/ v. 压；按；挤；推 press down on your nose 按住你的鼻子 短语 1.If you have a _____________, _______________________ your nose and lean forward slightly. 如果你流鼻血，按住你的鼻子并稍微向前倾。 2.__________________ your nose gently when you dive into the swimming pool. 当你潜入游泳池时，轻轻按住你的鼻子。 3.She is ________________________ to finish her project before Friday. 她为了在周五前完成项目，承受着很大的压力。 词性转换 pressure n. 压力 举一反三 press Press down on under great pressure press down on nosebleed have a nosebleed流鼻血 nosebleed /ˈnəʊzbliːd/ n. 鼻出血 have a nosebleed 流鼻血 短语 1.She ________________________ when she ___________ her bike this morning. 今天早上她从自行车上摔下来时流鼻血了。 2.The cut on his arm __________________ when he washed it with water. 他用水冲洗手臂上的伤口时，伤口开始流血了。 词性转换 bleed v. 流血 举一反三 nosebleed had a nosebleed fell off began to bleed see a/the dentist 看牙医 dentist /ˈdentɪst/ n. 牙科医生 ①see a/the dentist=visit the dentist =go to the dentist 看牙医 ②at the dentist's 在牙医诊所 短语 1.She __________________________________________regularly to _______________________________. 她定期去看牙医，以保持牙齿健康。 举一反三 dentist keep her teeth healthy visits/sees/goes to the dentist have a fever 发烧 fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ n. 发烧 have a fever 发烧 break a fever 退烧 have a high fever发高烧 have a low fever发低烧 短语 1.If you _________________, you should drink more water and rest. 如果你发烧，应该多喝水并休息。 2.The doctor asked me to ________________________ to see if I had a fever. 医生让我量体温，看看是不是发烧了。 3.She drank some hot water and rested, and soon _________________. 她喝了些热水并休息，不久就退烧了。 举一反三 fever have a fever take my temperature broke a fever 复数：stomachs stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 胃；腹部 put something warm on your stomach 在肚子上放些暖的东西 lose one’s stomach 没胃口 短语 1.I felt a pain __________________ after eating too much ice cream. 吃了太多冰淇淋后，我的肚子感到疼。 2.You should __________________________________________if it hurts. 如果肚子疼，你应该在肚子上放些暖的东西。 词性转换 stomachache n.胃痛 stomach 举一反三 put something warm on your stomach in my stomach 例句 搭配 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 avoid And please avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse. 现在请暂时避免喝软饮料，因为其中的气体可能会让疼痛加重。 1.You should ________________________ chocolates to protect your teeth. 你应该避免吃太多巧克力来保护牙齿。 2.You should ____________________________ coffee before bedtime. 你应该在睡觉前避免喝太多咖啡。 3.You should ________________________ when you have a sore throat. 当你喉咙痛的时候，你应该避免吃辛辣食物。 举一反三 avoid eating too many avoid drinking too much avoid eating spicy food 拓展短语 natural gas 天然气 cooking gas 烹饪燃气 gas station 加油站 gas 1._______________ is considered a cleaner energy source _______________ coal. 天然气被认为是一种比煤更清洁的能源 2.While driving through the countryside, _______________ the nearest _______________ was closed, so they had to plan another route. 开车穿过乡村时，他们注意到最近的加油站关门了，只好另选路线。 举一反三 Natural gas compared to they noticed that gas station ache可既可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。 用作名词时是可数名词。 ache /eɪk/ n. 疼痛；v. 疼痛 1.He said he _________________ in his leg after playing football yesterday. 他说昨天踢完足球后，腿有些痛。 2.I _________________________ in my head after reading in dim light. 在昏暗的光线下看书后，我的头很痛。 3.His heart ___________ when he heard the sad news about his friend. 听到朋友的坏消息时，他的心一阵阵抽痛。 短语 举一反三 have an ache in + 身体部位（某部位痛） had an ache have a terrible ache ached X-ray /ˈeks reɪ/ n. X 光照片；X 射线； 1.The doctor _____________________ of my arm to check if it was broken. 医生给我的胳膊拍了一张X光片，检查是否骨折了。 短语 举一反三 take /have an X-ray 拍 X 光片 You should see a dentist. You might need an X-ray.你应该去看牙医。你可能需要拍一张X光片。 例句 took an X-ray Accidents can happen when we are careless. 当我们粗心大意时，事故就可能发生。 例句 carelessly adv. 粗心地 →carelessness n. 粗心，大意 careful adj. 细心的; 谨慎 →carefully adv. 细心地; 仔细地 care v. 照顾; 在意;关心 n.照料; 小心; 关怀 词性转换 /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的；疏忽的 careless -less是一个形容词后缀， 构成否定意义的形容词 1.It was __________ of you to leave the door open when you went out. 你出门时没关门，真是太不小心了。 2.His ________________ caused him to fail the math exam. 他的粗心导致他数学考试没及格。 3.She is always __________ about her homework and often forgets to hand it in. 她对作业总是很粗心，经常忘记交。 4.Be __________ when you cross the street, especially during rush hour. 过马路时要小心，尤其是在交通高峰期。 5.The doctor examined the patient __________ before making a diagnosis. 医生在做出诊断前仔细地检查了病人。 6.We should ______________ public property, such as benches and flowers in the park. 我们应该爱护公共财物，比如公园里的长椅和花草。 举一反三 careless carelessness carefully careless careful take care of runny /ˈrʌni/ adj. 流鼻涕的；流眼泪的；易流动的 1. She _____________________ and coughs a lot today. 她今天流鼻涕，还咳嗽得很厉害。 2. Her eyes were ____________ after she cut onions. 切完洋葱后，她的眼睛流泪不止。 短语 举一反三 have a runny rose 流鼻涕 I have a runny nose and a fever. 我流鼻涕并且发烧。 例句 has a runny nose runny cough /kɒf/ n. & v. 咳嗽 1. He _____________________ and can’t sleep well at night. 他咳嗽得很厉害，晚上睡不好。 2. My grandfather often __________ when he walks in the cold air. 爷爷在冷空气中走路时经常咳嗽。 短语 举一反三 have a bad cough 咳嗽得很厉害 has a bad cough coughs bruised /bruːzd/ adj. 受了瘀伤的 bruised knee 膝盖淤青 1.He fell while running and _____________________， so he had to stop _____________________. 他跑步时摔倒，膝盖淤青了，所以不得不停止打篮球。 2.You will _______________ if you ride a bike without _______________. 如果你骑自行车不戴头盔，可能会受瘀伤。 短语 举一反三 get bruised变得有瘀伤 bruised arm 手臂瘀青 bruised face脸部瘀青 got a bruised knee playing basketball get bruised wearing a helmet Take a seat,Helen. How are you feeling? 海伦，请坐。你现在感觉怎么样？ 例句 save a seat 占座，留座 change seats 换座位 lose one’s seat 失去座位（比赛或选举中落选） take a seat =have a seat 坐下 拓展 1.When you enter the office, ________________ and wait for the teacher. 进办公室时，请坐下等老师。 2.Could you _________________________? I’ll be back in two minutes. 你能帮我占个座吗？我两分钟后回来。 3.The teacher asked us to ___________________ so that we could ___________________ different classmates. 老师让我们换座位，这样我们可以和不同的同学合作。 举一反三 take a seat change seats save a seat for me work with Let me take your temperature... Oh,it's quite high. 让我量一下你的体温……哦，温度相当高。 例句 ①high/low temperature 高/低温 ②normal temperature 正常体温 ③body temperature 体温 ④increase/decrease in temperature 温度升高/降低 take one's temperature 给某人量体温 拓展 1.The nurse came to __________________________ before the doctor arrived. 医生来之前，护士先给我量了体温。 2.The weather report says there will be __________________________ tomorrow, so drink more water. 天气预报说明天会有高温，所以要多喝水。 3.The doctor said my body _______________________________ and I didn’t have a fever. 医生说我的体温正常，没有发烧。 举一反三 take my temperature had a normal temperature a high temperature test /test/ n. & v. 检查；测验 do a test 做个检查;做个测试 We'll need to do a test,but I believe you have the flu. 我们需要做个检查，但我相信你是得了流感。 例句 ①take a test 参加考试 / 测验 ②pass a test 通过考试 ③fail a test 考试不及格 ④stand the test (of time) 经得起时间的考验 ⑤test on 对……进行测试 ⑥test for 为……做检测（如疾病、成分等） test 拓展 1.The doctor will ___________________ to find out what is wrong. 医生会检测你的血液来找出问题所在。 2.I was sad because I ___________________ on history last week.我很伤心，因为上周历史考试没及格。 3.Good books can ___________________________ and remain popular for many years. 好书能经得起时间的考验，多年后仍受欢迎。 4.The scientists will ___________________ mice before trying the medicine on humans. 科学家将在老鼠身上做试验，然后再在人类身上试用这种药。 5.The doctor will ___________________diabetes if your blood sugar level is too high. 如果你的血糖水平过高，医生会为你检测是否患有糖尿病。 举一反三 test your blood stand the test of time test on test for failed a test flu /fluː/ n. 流行性感冒 全称：influenza 1.If you _______________________, you should drink more water and see a doctor. 如果你得了流感，应该多喝水并去看医生。 2. Washing hands often can help _______________________. 经常洗手有助于阻止流感病毒。 have the flu 得流感 flu season 流感季节 flu virus 流感病毒 短语 flu 举一反三 have the flu stop the flu virus medicine /ˈmedsn/n. 药；医学 表示“药”的总称，用作不可数名词 You should take some medicine and drink enough water.你应该吃点药，并且喝足够的水。 例句 1.Good medicine ________ bitter. 良药苦口。（常用谚语） 2.____________________________________a day after meals.每天饭后吃三次药。 拓展 词性转换 medical adj. 医学的 medicate /ˈmedɪkeɪt/ v. 用药治疗 medicine 举一反三 take some medicine 吃药 tastes Take the medicine three times mask /mɑːsk/ n. 口罩 wear a mask 戴口罩 When you are outside,please wear a mask. 当你外出时，请戴口罩。 例句 take off a mask 摘下口罩 surgical masks 医用外科口罩 disposable masks一次性口罩 拓展 mask 举一反三 1._________________ when you go out to _________________. 外出时戴口罩，保证自己的安全。 2. We should use _____________________ and change them every day. 我们应该使用一次性口罩，并且每天更换。 Wear a mask disposable masks keep yourself safe It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily. 它能防止我们把流感病毒轻易传染给别人。 例句 prevent…from doing 防止……做某事 keep…from doing 阻止……做某事 stop from...doing sth. 防止……；阻止…… 同义表达 举一反三 1.The fence _________ the animals _____________________ into the road. 围栏防止动物跑到马路上。 1.The fence stops the animals from running into the road. 围栏防止动物跑到马路上。 stops from runninng virus /ˈvaɪrəs/n. 病毒 可数名词 flu virus流感病毒 computer virus 电脑病毒 virus infection病毒感染 拓展 virus 举一反三 1.Washing your hands can _______________________________ into your body. 经常洗手可以防止病毒进入你的身体。 2.My father told me not to open strange emails, or ________________ may come in. 爸爸告诉我不要打开陌生邮件，否则可能会有电脑病毒侵入。 词性转换 viral /ˈvɪrəl/ adj. 病毒的；病毒引起的 a computer virus stop the virus from getting 1.The doctor asked me ___________________________________ my symptoms. 医生让我清楚地描述我的症状。 2.The beauty of the mountains is ______________________. 山的美景难以形容。 拓展 词性转换 describe v. 描述 descriptive adj. 描述性的 description 举一反三 give a description of … 对……进行描述 beyond description 难以形容 /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n. 描写；形容 to give a clear description of beyond description 词性转换 impatient 没耐心的(反) patiently adv. 有耐心地 patience n. 耐心 patient 【1】作名词：see a patient看病人 treat a patient治疗病人 【2】作形容词:be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 be patient in doing sth. 在做某事上有耐心 【3】变形名词：have no patience with … 对……没耐心 拓展 /ˈpeɪʃnt/ n. 病人；adj. 有耐心的 1.Nurses take good care of every _____________ in the ward. 护士们细心照顾病房里的每一位病人。 2.You should _____________________ your little brother when he makes mistakes. 弟弟犯错时，你应该对他有耐心。 3.Learning a language ____________________________ and daily practice. 学习一门语言需要有大量的耐心和每天的练习。 4.He____________________________ noisy children in public places. 他对公共场所吵闹的孩子没耐心。 举一反三 has no patience with needs much patience be patient with patient 拓展 词性转换 injure v.受伤 injured adj. 受伤的 injury get an injury 受伤 have an injury 有伤；带着伤 suffer an injury 遭受伤害 /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 可数名词 举一反三 1.He _____________________________ in the football match yesterday. 他昨天在足球比赛中受了重伤。 2.Warm up before exercise to _____________________________. 运动前热身，以避免运动损伤。 3.He fell down and ______________________ in the P.E. class. 他在体育课上摔倒，伤到了腿。 avoid sports injuries got a serious injury injured his leg illness /ˈɪlnəs/ n. 疾病；病 多用作可数名词 suffer from an illness 患（某种）病 a serious illness 重病 mental illness 心理疾病 cause of illness 病因 拓展 illness 举一反三 1.She stayed in hospital for a month _____________________________. 她因为重病住院了一个月。 2.We should be kind to those with _____________________________. 我们应该善待有心理疾病的人。 词性转换 ill adj. 生病的 because of a serious illness mental illness knife /naɪf/ n. 刀 复数:knives a sharp knife 一把锋利的刀 a knife and a fork 一副刀叉 拓展 knife 举一反三 1.In Western restaurants, people usually eat with ___________________________. 在西餐厅，人们通常用刀叉吃饭。 Be careful when you are using the knife. Don't cut yourself.用刀的时候要小心，别切到你自己。 例句 a knife and a fork 拓展 词性转换 safe adj. 安全的 safely adv. 安全地 safety traffic safety 交通安全 food safety 食品安全 safety rules 安全规则 /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全；安全处所 复数:safeties 例句 After taking the safety training,we can enjoy ourselves in the mountains. 参加完安全培训后，我们就可以在山上尽情玩乐了。 举一反三 1.We should follow the rules of ________________ to keep safe on the road. 我们应该遵守交通安全规则，在路上保持安全。 2.The teacher told us to ______________________ before the school trip. 老师告诉我们在学校旅行前要阅读安全规则。 read the safety rules traffic safety 拓展 词性转换 clearly adv. 清晰地; 清楚地 clearness n. 清晰度 clear clear voice 清晰的声音 clear mind清晰的思路 clear out清理杂物 clear up清理；放晴 /klɪə(r)/adj. 清晰的；清楚的；v. 清理；清除 例句 Her clearest memory is not of the race itself, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. 她最清晰的记忆不是比赛本身，而是第二天双腿那剧烈的疼痛。 举一反三 1.After a short break, she ____________________________ and could finish her homework fast. 短暂休息后，她的思路清晰了，很快就能完成作业。 2.The sky _________________ after the rain, and we went outside to play. 雨后天空放晴了，我们就出去玩了。 had a clear mind cleared up pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦 可数名词 拓展 词性转换 painful adj. 痛苦的 painless adj. 无痛的 pain suffer from pain忍受疼痛 have a pain in +身体部位 可指身体上的 “痛感”，也可指精神上的 “痛苦”，比 “ache” 更侧重 “剧烈或持续性的痛” 易混提示 举一反三 1.Growing up brings both __________ and __________，like the joy of learning new skills and the pain of ___________________________. 成长既会带来快乐，也会带来痛苦，比如学会新技能的喜悦和独自面对困难的痛苦。 2.It was ___________________________ to lose my favorite toy. 失去我最喜欢的玩具是一段痛苦的经历。 3.She felt ____________________ in her head and had to sit down.她突然头痛，不得不坐下。 joys a sudden pain a painful experience facing difficulties alone pains What's more,you could change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment. 此外，你可以调节屏幕亮度，尽量让它和周围环境相匹配。 例句 what's more 更为重要的是 举一反三 1. The hotel is cheap, and _____________, it is very ________ to the subway station. 这家酒店很便宜，而且离地铁站很近。 2. Exercise keeps you ________, and _________________, it can help you to _________________. 运动能让你保持健康，而且还能帮你减少压力。 1.The fence stops the animals from running into the road. 围栏防止动物跑到马路上。 close reduce stress what's more what's more healthy brightness /ˈbraɪtnəs/ n. 亮度；明亮 短语 词性转换 bright adj. 明亮的；鲜艳的 brightly adv明亮地 brightness change your screen's brightness 调节屏幕亮度 1.You can ____________________________ of the phone screen to protect your eyes.你可以调低手机屏幕的亮度来保护眼睛。 2.The ___________ of the sun made me put on my sunglasses. 阳光的亮度让我戴上了太阳镜。 举一反三 turn down the brightnes brightness 拓展 词性转换 environmental adj. 环境的 environment natural environment自然环境 living environment生活环境 /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 1.We should protect the ________________________by planting more trees. 我们应该通过多种树来保护自然环境。 2.Keeping our ________________________clean can make us healthier. 保持我们的生活环境干净能让我们更健康。 举一反三 natural environment living environment cross /krɒs/v. 穿越；横过；交叉 cross the road 过马路 cross是一个动词， acrosss是一个介词， cross=go across 穿过;横穿。 同时cross还可以用作名词，表示十字架。 cross You certainly shouldn't look at your phone when you cross the road. 过马路时你绝对不应该看手机。 例句 词性转换 crossing n. 十字路口 易混提示 举一反三 1.It’s dangerous _______________________ when the light is red. 红灯时过马路很危险。 2.The villagers have to _______________________ to go to the market. 村民们必须过河才能去市场。 3.The boy swam _______________________ to get to the other side. 那个男孩游过了河，到了对岸。 cross the river across the river to cross the road Thank you! Thank you! $