内容正文:
Unit 2 All Around Me知
识
归
纳
语音语调
1. 掌握字母组合 “oo”“ow” 的正确发音及书写,具体发音如下:
· —oo /uː/(例:bookshop /ˈbʊkʃɒp/,注意字母组合“oo”在“bookshop”中发/ʊ/音;
zoo /zuː/,发/uː/音)
—ow /aʊ/(例:town /taʊn/,注意字母组合“ow”在“town”中发/aʊ/音)
2.语调规则:
询问地点位置的一般疑问句用升调↗,如 “Is there a library near here?”(句末语气上升,表疑问)。
询问行走路线的特殊疑问句用降调↘,如 “How can I get to the post office?”(句末语气下降,表提问)
必记单词
单词
neighbourhood(街区;社区)、building(建筑物)、library(图书馆)、restaurant(餐厅)、post office(邮局)、school(学校)、park(公园)、grocery(杂货店)、sports centre(体育中心)、street(街道)、direction(方向)、crossroads(十字路口)、stadium(体育场)、gallery(画廊;艺术馆)、downtown(闹市区;市中心)
短语
show ... around(带领……参观)、go straight(直走)、turn left(左转)、turn right(右转)、across from(在……对面)、next to(紧挨着;在……旁边)、near the lake(湖边)、get lost(迷路)
必会句型
1. 询问某地是否存在的句型
句型结构:Is there + a/an + 单数地点名词 + (地点状语)?
Are there + 复数地点名词 + (地点状语)?
答语:Yes, there is./No, there isn’t. / Yes, there are./No, there aren’t.
例:— Is there a post office on Pear Street? 梨街上有邮局吗?
— Yes, there is. 是的,有。
2.询问地点位置的句型
句型结构:Where is + 单数地点名词? 答语:It’s + 介词短语(表位置).
例:— Where is the art gallery? 艺术馆在哪里? — It’s next to the cinema. 它在电影院旁边。
3.询问行走路线的句型
句型结构:How can I get to + 地点名词?
答语:Go straight. / Turn left/right at the + 序数词 + crossroads. It’s on your left/right.
例:— How can I get to the public library? 我怎么去公共图书馆?
— Go straight. Turn right at the second crossroads. It’s on your left.
直走,在第二个十字路口右转,它在你的左边。
4.描述地点位置的句型
句型结构:地点名词 + is + 介词短语(表位置).
例:The bank is across from the cinema. 银行在电影院对面。
核心语法
1. There be 句型的用法;
2.介词表方位的用法(in,on,next to,across from,between)
3. 祈使句表指令的用法:如 Go straight. Turn left.;
4. 序数词表顺序的用法:如 first(第一)、second(第二)、third(第三)。
考
点
速
记
考点 01
There be 句型的用法
— Is there a supermarket near your home? 你家附近有超市吗?
— No, there isn’t. But there are some grocery stores. 没有,但是有一些杂货店。
基本结构:
- 肯定句:There is + a/an + 单数可数名词 + 地点状语. / There are + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语.
- 否定句:There isn’t + a/an + 单数可数名词 + 地点状语. / There aren’t + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语.
- 一般疑问句:Is there + a/an + 单数可数名词 + 地点状语? / Are there + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语?
就近原则:There be 句型中,be 动词的单复数形式由靠近它的名词决定。
提分练
一、用 is 或 are 填空
1. There ______ a bookshop on Yonge Street.
2. There ______ two cinemas near the park.
3. There ______ a bank and some restaurants downtown.
4. There ______ no sports centre in this neighbourhood.
5. There ______ some beautiful buildings beside the lake.
二、按要求改写句子
1. There is a post office on Apple Street.(改为否定句)
2. There are three crossroads in this street.(改为一般疑问句)
3. Is there a library near the school?(作肯定回答)
4. Are there any grocery stores around here?(作否定回答)
5. There is a big stadium near Lake Ontario.(对划线部分提问)
考点 02
方位介词的用法
The public library is on Pear Street.公共图书馆在梨街上
It’s next to the post office and across from the restaurant. 它紧挨着邮局,在餐厅对面。
常用方位介词及搭配:
- on + 街道名称(表示在某条街上),如 on Banana Street;
- next to + 地点名词(表示在某物旁边),如 next to the bookshop;
- across from + 地点名词(表示在某物对面),如 across from the cinema;
- near + 地点名词(表示在某物附近),如 near the park;
- between A and B(表示在 A 和 B 之间),如 between the school and the park。
提分练
一、选择合适的方位介词填空(on, next to, across from, near, between)
1. The school is ______ Pear Street. It’s easy to find.
2. My home is ______ the park. I often go for a walk there after dinner.
3. The bank is ______ the bookshop and the cinema. You can’t miss it.
4. The Chinese restaurant is ______ the post office. They are very close.
5. The art gallery is ______ the public library. We can walk there in two minutes.
二、根据句意选择正确答案
1. — Where is the coffee shop?
— It’s ______ the post office.
A. on B. next to C. between D. across
2. The sports centre is ______ Lake Ontario. We can see the lake from it.
A. near B. on C. in D. between
3. There is a park ______ Apple Street and Banana Street.
A. next to B. across from C. between D. near
4. The cinema is ______ the bookshop. You need to cross the street to get there.
A. next to B. across from C. on D. near
5. My classroom is ______ the second floor of the teaching building.
A. on B. in C. near D. between
考点 03
路线指引句型的综合运用
— How can I get to the Queen’s Park? 我怎么去女王公园?
— Go straight along Pear Street. Turn left at the first crossroads. It’s on your right. 沿着梨街直走,在第一个十字路口左转,它在你的右边。
核心指引表达:
- 直走:Go straight. / Go straight along + 街道名称.
- 转弯:Turn left/right at the + 序数词 + crossroads.
- 位置提示:It’s on your left/right. / It’s in front of you.
提分练
一、连词成句
1. get to / How / can / the / I / public library (?)
2. straight / Go / along / Banana Street (.)
3. at / Turn / the / right / crossroads / third (.)
4. on / It’s / your / left (.)
5. there / Is / a / near / post office / here (?)
二、根据答语写出对应的问句
1. ______ can I _____ ______ the park?
— Go straight. Turn right at the second crossroads.
2. _______ is the bookshop?
— It’s next to the art gallery.
3. ______ _______a restaurant ____ _____ _____?
— Yes, there is a restaurant on this street.
4. How _____I get to the _____?
— You can get to the park by bus.
5. _____ ______ ______ bookshops near the school?
— No, there aren’t any bookshops near the school.
考点 04
序数词表顺序的用法
Turn left at the first crossroads. 在第一个十字路口左转。
The stadium is on the third floor of the building. 体育场在这栋楼的三楼。
定义:序数词是表示人或事物顺序的数词,本单元主要用于描述十字路口顺序、楼层、路线中的步骤等场景。
· 常见基数词与序数词对应表:
基数词 序数词 缩写形式 读音
one(一) first(第一) 1st /fɜːst/
two(二) second(第二) 2nd /ˈsekənd/
three(三) third(第三) 3rd /θɜːd/
four(四) fourth(第四) 4th /fɔːθ/
five(五) fifth(第五) 5th /fɪfθ/
six(六) sixth(第六) 6th /sɪkst/
seven(七) seventh(第七) 7th /ˈsevnθ/
eight(八) eighth(第八) 8th /eɪtθ/
nine(九) ninth(第九) 9th /naɪnθ/
ten(十) tenth(第十) 10th /tenθ/
· 核心用法:
1. 序数词前通常加定冠词 “the”,如 the first day(第一天)、the fifth floor(五楼);
2. 用于路线指引时,常与 “at the + 序数词 + crossroads” 搭配,如 at the second crossroads(在第二个十字路口);
3. 缩写形式由 “基数词 + 序数词最后两个字母” 构成,如 first → 1st、second → 2nd。
提分练
一、根据所给基数词写出对应的序数词及缩写形式
1. two → _______(缩写:________)
2. five →________ (缩写:________)
3. eight → ________(缩写:________)
4. nine → ________(缩写:________)
5. ten → ________(缩写:________)
二、单项选择题(选择合适的序数词填空)
1. Turn right at the ______ (three) crossroads. The library is there.
A. three B. third C. 3th D. thirds
2. The post office is on the ______ (one) floor of the building.
A. first B. one C. 1st D. firstly
3. You need to pass ______ (four) traffic lights to get to the park.
A. four B. fourth C. 4th D. forth
4. — Which crossroads should I turn left?
— The ______ (six) one. Don’t miss it.
A. six B. sixth C. 6th D. sixths
5. The art gallery is the ______ (five) building on your left.
A. five B. fifth C. 5th D. fiveth
参考答案
(1) There be 句型的用法
一、用 is 或 are 填空
1. is(解析:后面是单数可数名词 a bookshop,故用 is)
2. are(解析:后面是复数可数名词 two cinemas,故用 are)
3. is(解析:There be 句型遵循就近原则,靠近 be 动词的是单数 a bank,故用 is)
4. is(解析:后面是单数可数名词 sports centre,no 表示否定,故用 is)
5. are(解析:后面是复数可数名词 some beautiful buildings,故用 are)
二、按要求改写句子
1. There isn’t a post office on Apple Street.(解析:There is 的否定句直接在 is 后加 not,缩写为 isn’t)
2. Are there three crossroads in this street?(解析:There are 的一般疑问句将 are 提到句首,首字母大写)
3. Yes, there is.(解析:Is there 开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 Yes, there is.)
4. No, there aren’t.(解析:Are there 开头的一般疑问句,否定回答用 No, there aren’t.)
5. What is near Lake Ontario?(解析:划线部分是具体事物,用 what 提问,将 is 提到句首)
(2)方位介词的用法
一、选择合适的方位介词填空
1. on(解析:表示在某条街上,用介词 on)
2. near(解析:由后句“经常去散步”可知家在公园附近,用 near)
3. between(解析:表示“在……和……之间”,用 between...and... 结构)
4. next to(解析:由“非常近”可知餐厅紧挨着邮局,用 next to)
5. across from(解析:由“两分钟走到”可知距离近且需过马路,用 across from)
二、根据句意选择正确答案
1. B(解析:next to 表示“紧挨着”,符合询问咖啡店位置的语境,其他选项搭配不当)
2. A(解析:near 表示“在……附近”,体育场不可能在湖上面或里面,between 需接两个事物,故选 A)
3. C(解析:between...and... 是固定搭配,表示“在……和……之间”,符合句意)
4. B(解析:由“需要过马路”可知电影院在书店对面,across from 表示“在……对面”,故选 B)
5. A(解析:表示在楼层上,用介词 on,固定搭配)
(3)路线指引句型的综合运用
一、连词成句
1. How can I get to the public library?
2. Go straight along Banana Street.
3. Turn right at the third crossroads.
4. It’s on your left.
5. Is there a post office near here?
二、根据答语写出对应的问句
How ;get; to;
2. Where
3. Is; there; on; this; street
4. can ;park
5. Are; there; any ;
(4)序数词表顺序的用法
一、根据所给基数词写出对应的序数词及缩写形式
1. second;2nd(解析:two 的序数词为特殊变化 second,缩写直接加 nd)
2. fifth;5th(解析:five 的序数词需把 ve 变 f 加 th,即 fifth,缩写加 th)
3. eighth;8th(解析:eight 的序数词直接加 th,拼写为 eighth,缩写加 th)
4. ninth;9th(解析:nine 的序数词去 e 加 th,即 ninth,缩写加 th)
5. tenth;10th(解析:ten 的序数词直接加 th,即 tenth,缩写加 th)
二、单项选择题
1. B(解析:此处表示“第三个十字路口”,需用序数词 third,A 是基数词,C 缩写形式错误,D 为复数形式,均不符合)
2. A(解析:表示“第一层”用序数词 first,B 是基数词,C 是缩写形式,句中需用完整形式,D 是副词“首先”,故选 A)
3. A(解析:此处表示“四个交通灯”,需用基数词 four,B、C 是序数词,D 拼写错误,故选 A)
4. B(解析:表示“第六个十字路口”用序数词 sixth,A 是基数词,C 是缩写形式,句中需用完整形式,D 为复数形式,故选 B)
5. B(解析:表示“第五栋楼”用序数词 fifth,A 是基数词,C 是缩写形式,句中需用完整形式,D 拼写错误,故选 B)
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