Unit 1 The lion and the mouse（期中知识清单）英语译林版三起六年级下册

知识清单·译林版六年级下册 Unit 1 The lion and the mouse 知识梳理 知识点拨 【考点一】一般过去时的用法 【考点二】副词及其用法及形容词变副词的规则 【考点三】动词过去式的变化规则 【考点四】语调 考点一：一般过去时的用法 解析： 1. 概念： 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago,just now等。 二.基本句型结构 一般过去时形式1-----（一）.be动词的一般过去时（was, were） 1.肯定句：主语+be+其他 He was happy. 2.否定句：主语+be+not+其他 He was not happy. 3.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其他? Was he happy? Yes, he was./No,he wasn’t （二）一般过去时形式2 -----实义动词的一般过去时 1.肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 The king liked new clothes. 2.否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他 The king didn’t like new clothes. 3.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他? Did the king like new clothes? Yes,he did./No,he didn’t. 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他 What did he like? 【大显身手】 一、按要求填空（用 be 动词或所给动词的适当形式填空）。 1.The lion _________ (be) large and strong. He lived in a cave. 2.The mouse _________ (not be) big. But it _________ (have) sharp teeth. 3.Yesterday, my brother _________ (see) a mouse in the kitchen. 4.The lion ____________ (not eat) the mouse. He let it go. 5.Just then, the girl _________ (walk) by and helped the old man. 二、单项选择。 (    )1.There ______ a lion in the forest many years ago. A. is B. was C. were (    )2.The mouse ______ small and weak, but it was clever. A. is B. was C. were (    )3.The lion ______ the mouse and let it go. A. catch B. catches C. caught 考点二：副词及其用法及形容词变副词的规则 解析： 一、副词及其用法 1.定义 副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，是说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。 2.副词的分类 ①　时间副词: yesterday、now、tonight、soon ②　地点副词: here、there、home、anywhere、upstairs、downstairs ③　方式副词: carefully、fast、quietly、happily、slowly、quickly、directly ④　程度副词: very、too、much、so、pretty、quite、deeply ⑤　疑问副词: where、why、when、how ⑥　否定副词: no、not、never、neither、hardly、seldom ⑦　频率副词: always、usually、often、sometimes、never ⑧　连接副词: however、then、thus、besides、therefore 3.副词的用法 ★★★ (1) 修饰动词时一般位于被修饰的动词之后。例：I can run fast.我可以跑得快。 (2) 时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般位于句末。例：I'm writing now.我现在正在写字。 (3) 频率副词一般位于 be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前。 例: I often go to school on foot.我经常步行去上学。 (4) 程度副词一般修饰形容词和副词，位于被修饰词之前。 例: The weather is too hot.天气太热了。 (5) 疑问副词一般位于句首。例: Where did you live last year?你去年住在哪里? 二、形容词变副词的规则 ★★★★★ 1.一般情况下,直接在形容词后加-ly。例:bad→badly, excited-excitedly, quiet→quietly 2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ly。例:happy→happily, angry→angrily 3.部分以e结尾的形容词,去e加-ly。例:true→truly 4.不规则变化。例:good→well 5.本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变，如：fast—fast, early—early, high—high, hard—hard, late—late, far—far; 6. 有些形容词本身即为副词，同时也有加 ly的副词形式。但加不加 ly意思不一样，使用时需注意, 如: wide(adj.宽阔的,睁大地)—wide(adv.充分地)/ widely(adv. 广泛地), high(adj. 高的)—high(adv.高地)/ highly(adv. 高度地), hard(adj.硬的)—hard(adv.努力地)/ hardly(adv.几乎不); 拓展：hard的副词形式容易写成 hardly, hardly意思为“几乎不”,与 hard无任何关系。★★ 如: It was raining hard, and she didn't take an umbrella.雨下得正大，而且她没有带伞。 提示: lovely(可爱的)、friendly(友好的)、lonely(孤独的)是形容词,不是副词。 【大显身手】 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The girl slipped and fell. She cried _______ (loud) . 2. The little boy likes playing football. He can play ______ (good) . 3. The dog likes ________(bite) the doll with its teeth. 4. Li Ming _______ (do not) go to school because he was ill. 5. In the library, we should keep _______ (quiet) . 二、根据首字母或中文提示填空。 1. The boy pointed at the king and laughed h________, because the king was so foolish. 2. The boy is too e________and he hits the ball h________. 3. I played football with Tom last week. He h________the ball hard. 4. The baby is sleeping. Please talk q________. 考点三：动词过去式的变化规则 解析： 动词过去式的变化规则（规则与不规则变化） 1.规则变化： 一般情况直接加 -ed：work—worked；play—played；help—helped 以 e 结尾加 -d：like—liked；live—lived；hope—hoped 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -ed：cry—cried；try—tried；study—studied 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母加 -ed：stop—stopped；plan—planned；drop—dropped 2.不规则变化（核心必记）： bite—bit 抓；咬 catch—caught 抓住 let—let 让 go—went 去 get—got 得到 become—became 变成 see—saw 看见 have—had 有 解析： 1.规则变化的动词过去式发音：清辅音后读 /t/（worked），浊辅音和元音后读 /d/（played），t/d 后读 /id/（wanted）。 2.不规则动词过去式无固定规则，需单独记忆，本单元重点掌握与故事相关的不规则动词。 典例： 1.The student studied hard last term. 这个学生上学期学习很努力。（规则变化） 2.The lion bit the net with his teeth. 狮子用牙齿咬网。（不规则变化） 3.She became a teacher when she was 22. 她 22 岁时成为了一名老师。（不规则变化） 【大显身手】 一、单项选择。 ( )1. Nancy ________ to learn ballet when she was five years old. A. beginned B. begins C. began ( )2. The naughty cat dropped the vase and it ________ into pieces. A. breaked B. broke C. broken 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Tom often ________home at five o’clock, but he ________ home at six o’clock yesterday.(come) 2. I ________(try) the dress on in the shop last week and it ________(fit) me. 3. The day before yesterday Bobby’s parents ________(tell) the teacher that they________(know) nothing about it. 考点四：语调 解析： (1) 陈述句、感叹句、特殊疑问句和表示命令的祈使句读降调↘，即在句子的最后一个重读音节语调下降。通常是最后一个单词读降调。 The book is interesting.↓ 这本书很有趣。 How fast he ran! ↓ 他跑得多快啊! Why do you like him? ↓ 你为什么喜欢他? Go and play football.↓ 去踢足球。 (2) 需要用yes 或 no 来回答的一般疑问句读升调↗，即最后一个重读音节语调上升。 例：Is that a pen? ↑那是一支钢笔吗? 【大显身手】 一、给下面语段中的句子标上升调(↑)或降调(↓)。 1.What do you like to do?( ) 2.Do you want to be good? ( ) 3.It's important to study hard at school. ( ) 4.To be a good student, you should read more books. ( ) 5.What do you like reading?( ) 6.Tell me more about your favourite book. ( ) 写作指引 一、写作任务 • 题目：The lion and the mouse • 文体：英文寓言故事（记叙文） • 要求：复述故事、情节完整、语句通顺、不少于8句话；正确用一般过去时、副词与连接词；点明寓意。 二、故事结构（三段式） 第一段：开头（背景+人物） • 要素：时间、地点、主角、特点 • 常用句式： Long long ago, there was... He was large and strong. / It was small and weak. • 参考段落： Long long ago, there was a lion in the forest. He was very large and strong. There was also a small mouse. They were very different. 第二段：经过（冲突+发展） • 关键情节：老鼠吵醒狮子→狮子放了老鼠→狮子被困→老鼠救狮子 • 必备动词短语（过去式）： wake…up → woke up；walk by → walked by；catch → caught；bite → bit；help → helped • 常用连接词：One day, Then, The next day, Just then • 参考段落： One day, a mouse walked by and woke the lion up. The lion was angry. The mouse said quietly, “I can help you some day.” The lion laughed loudly and let the mouse go. The next day, two men caught the lion with a large net. The lion could not get out. 第三段：结局+寓意 • 结局：老鼠咬网救狮，成为朋友 • 寓意：Even small friends can help you. / Don’t look down on others. • 参考段落： Just then, the mouse came. He bit the net with his teeth. Soon the lion got out. From then on, they became good friends. The story tells us: Everyone can help others. 三、核心词汇与句型 必背单词 • 形容词：large, strong, small, weak, angry, sharp • 副词：quietly, loudly, sadly, happily • 动词过去式：woke, walked, caught, bit, let, helped 万能句型 1. There was a lion in the forest. 2. The mouse woke the lion up. 3. The lion was angry and wanted to eat the mouse. 4. The mouse said quietly, “I can help you.” 5. The lion laughed loudly and let the mouse go. 6. The next day, the lion was caught in a net. 7. The mouse bit the net and helped the lion out. 8. They became good friends. 四、语法要点（必得分） 1. 一般过去时：故事用过去式，动词要变形（walk→walked；go→went） 2. 副词用法：修饰动作，放在动词后 ◦ say quietly；laugh loudly；cry sadly 3. 连接词：让故事更连贯 ◦ One day, Then, The next day, Just then, Soon, At last 五、满分范文（可直接背诵） The lion and the mouse Long long ago, there was a lion in the forest. He was large and strong. One day, a small mouse walked by and woke the lion up. The lion was angry. The mouse said quietly, “Please don’t eat me. I can help you some day.” The lion laughed loudly and let the mouse go. The next day, two men caught the lion with a big net. The lion could not get out. He was sad. Just then, the mouse came. He bit the net with his sharp teeth. Soon the lion was free. From then on, the lion and the mouse became good friends. The story tells us: Even small friends can help you. 六、写作步骤（5分钟写完） 1. 列提纲：开头—经过—结局 2. 套句型：用There be/One day/Then等 3. 加副词：quietly/loudly让句子生动 4. 检查：时态、拼写、标点、句数 5. 加寓意：最后1句点明道理 七、评分标准 • 情节完整（3分）：开头—经过—结局齐全 • 语法正确（3分）：过去式、副词无误 • 语句通顺（2分）：用连接词，无病句 • 书写规范（2分）：大小写、标点正确 综合训练 一、写出下列动词的过去式 1．write___________________ 2．cut______________________ 3．walk_________________ 4．want______________________ 5．become___________________ 6．get______________________ 7．can________________ 8．bite______________________ 9．find___________________ 10．hit______________________ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Be___________(quiet). Your mother is sleeping in her bedroom. 2．The baby always sleeps___________(quiet), but sometimes she cries___________(loud). 3．Lucy’s mother looks___________. She looks at Lucy___________. (angry) 4．The mouse___________(bite) the net, but that didn’t help. 5．The little girl danced___________at the party, and her smile made everyone___________(happy). 三、根据上下文和图片完成对话，每空一词。 1. Lion：I’m 1._______ and 2._______ . Animals: Here comes the lion. Run! 2. Lion：What 3._______ you 4._______ here, Little Mouse? I’m going to 5._______ 6._______! Mouse: Please don’ t eat me. I can 7._______ you some day. Lion：Ha! Ha! 8._______so small and 9. . 10. _______can you help me? 四、单项选择题。 ( )1. There ____ a lion in the forest long long ago. A. is B. was C. were ( )2. The mouse walked ____ and woke the lion up. A. on B. under C. by ( )3. Please don’t eat ____. A. me B. I C. my ( )4. The lion was ____. He wanted to eat the mouse. A. happy B. angry C. tired ( )5. The mouse is small and ____. A. strong B. large C. weak ( )6. The lion laughed ____. A. loud B. loudly C. happy ( )7. Two men caught the lion ____ a large net. A. with B. in C. on ( )8. The lion ____ the net with his sharp teeth. A. bite B. bit C. bites ( )9. ____, the mouse came and helped the lion. A. Just now B. Just then C. Some day ( )10. From then on, they ____ good friends. A. become B. became C. becomes 五、匹配题（将句子与对应的答句/释义匹配，填序号）。 A栏 B栏 ( ) 1. Thank you very much.                       A. I have a good idea. ( ) 2. Who woke the old man up?                  B. I can help you ( ) 3. The bag is too heavy.                        C. At about seven thirty. ( ) 4. How should we do it?                        D. You are welcome. ( ) 5. When did you get up this morning?         E. The policeman. 六、补全对话。(根据图片和首字母提示，补全对话) Lion: Can you h 1 me? Mouse: What h 2 ? Lion: A man c 3 me with this net. Mouse: Don’t w 4 . Let me b 5 the net. Lion: Wow! You m 6 a big hole. Mouse: Now you can g 7 o 8 . 七、【新素养·综合运用】选择合适的句子，补全对话。 A: I learned a new story today. B: 1 A: 2 B: Sounds interesting. Can you tell me the story? A: Yes. There was a strong lion in the forest. One day, two men caught the lion with a large net. But it got out. B: 3 A: A mouse helped him. The mouse made a hole in the net with his sharp teeth. 4 B: 5 A．Wow! It's a great story. B．It's about a lion and a mouse. C．What is the story about? D．How did the lion get out? E．The lion and the mouse became good friends at last. 八、【新情境·图文结合】根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。 The little horse and the river One day, the mother horse asked the little horse to carry the wheat to the mill(磨坊). The little horse was very happy and left home quickly. He came to a river. The mill was on the other side of the river and there were no bridges over it. He did not know if he could cross it. There was a co w near the river, so he asked the cow,“Is the water deep?”“Not at all!”said the cow. Then the little horse was ready to go across the river. Just then, a squirrel shouted at him,“Don’t go in the water. It’s too deep.” He had to go back to ask his mother. When his mother heard his story, she laughed and said to him,“My child, it's not enough if you only listen to others. You must have a try by yourself, then you'll find the truth.” The little horse came back to the river again. He walked across the river carefully. The water was neither as shallow as the cow said nor as deep as the squirrel told him. It was just OK for him. ( )1. One day, a little horse was asked to stay at home. ( )2. There was a co w near the river. ( )3. The cow told the little horse that he could cross the river. ( )4. The squirrel said to the little horse,“The water isn't too deep!” ( )5. Finally, the little horse went across the river. 参考答案 考点一：一般过去时的用法 一、按要求填空（用 be 动词或所给动词的适当形式填空）。 1. was 2. wasn’t; has 3. saw 4. didn’t eat 5. walked 二、单项选择。 1-3 BBC 考点二：副词及其用法及形容词变副词的规则 一、用所给名词的适当形式填空。 1. loudly 2. well 3. biting 4. didn’t 5. quiet 二、根据首字母或中文提示填空。 1. happily 2. excited; hard 3. hit 4. quietly 考点三：动词过去式的变化规则 【大显身手】 一、单项选择。 1. C 2. B 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. comes, came 2. tried, fit/fitted 3. told, knew 考点四：语调 一、给下面语段中的句子标上升调(↑)或降调(↓)。 1.↓ 2.↑ 3. ↓ 4.↓ 5.↓ 6.↓ 综合训练 一、写出下列动词的过去式 1. wrote 2. cut 3. walked 4. wanted 5. became 6. got 7. could 8. bit 9. found 10. hit 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. quiet 2. quietly; loudly 3. angry; angrily 4. bit 5. happily; happy 三、根据上下文和图片完成对话，每空一词。 1. large 2. strong 3. are 4. doing 5. eat 6. you 7. help 8. You’re 9. weak 10. How 四、单项选择题。 1-5 BCABC 6-10 BABBB 五、匹配题（将句子与对应的答句/释义匹配，填序号）。 1-5 DEBAC 七、补全对话。(根据图片和首字母提示，补全对话) 1. help 2. happened 3. caught 4. worry 5. bite 6. make 7. go; out 八、【新素养·综合运用】选择合适的句子，补全对话。 1-5 CBDEA 八、【新情境·图文结合】根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。 1-5 FTTFT 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $