Unit 1 Cinderella（期中知识清单）英语译林版三起五年级下册

知识清单·译林版五年级下册 Unit 1 Cinderella 知识梳理 知识点拨 【考点一】why引导的特殊疑问句 【考点二】名词单复数变化 【考点三】have to用法 【考点四】区分put on 和wear用法 考点一：why引导的特殊疑问句 解析： why是特殊疑问词，一般位于句首，意为“为什么”，用来询问发生某事或存在某种情况的原因。 1. why引导的特殊疑问句句型结构 (1) why引导的特殊疑问句句型结构为“Why+一般疑问句？”，答语为“Because+陈述句。”如：--Why are you so happy?你为什么这么高兴？ --Because today is my birthday.因为今天是我的生日。 (2) why引导的特殊疑问句还有一种句型结构为 · “Why don't/doesn't/can't/be not+主语+..？”，意为“…为什么不…呢？” · why后也可以直接加not，结构为“Why not+动词原形+...？”，表示请求、询问或建议。 · 当询问的对象是对方时，“Why not do sth.?”=“Why don't you do sth.?”。如： Why not have a try?=Why don't you have a try?你为什么不试一试呢？ 2. 拓展：特殊疑问词的用法 特殊疑问词可分为疑问代词（what, who, whom, whose, which）、疑问副词（where, why, when, how）及特殊疑问词组。 疑问词 中文意思 用法 疑问词 中文意思 用法 why 为什么 问原因 How far 多远 问路程 when 什么时候 问时间 How many 多少 问数量 who 谁 问人 How much 多少；多少钱 问数量或价钱 whose 谁的 问主人 How about 怎么样 问意见 which 哪个，哪些 问选择 What colour 什么颜色 问颜色 where 在哪里 问地点 What about 怎么样 问意见 what 什么 问事物 What day 星期几 问星期 how 怎样 问情况 What time 什么时间 问时间 How old 几岁 问年龄 What for 为何目的 问目的 【大显身手】 一、用适当的疑问词填空。 1.-- shirt do you like, the blue one or the white one? --The blue one. 2.-- is your sister? --She is fine. 3.-- is your father? --He’s a doctor. 4.-- is it today? --It’s Tuesday. 5.-- shoes are they? --They are Lily’s. 二、单项选择。 ( )1.—Why ________ you excited? —Because we win the football game. A. do B. are C. be ( )2.—Why ________ you go to school? —Because I'm ill. A. can B. can't C. aren't ( )3.—Why ________ have a picnic? —That's a good idea. A. not B. doesn't C. don't 考点二：名词单复数变化 解析： 名词单复数变化（shoe—shoes, mushroom—mushrooms 等）名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数变化，核心变化规则如下： 1. 一般情况直接加 -s shoe → shoes；mushroom → mushrooms；book → books 2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词加 -es bus → buses；box → boxes；watch → watches；brush → brushes 3. 以 o 结尾的词，多数加 -es（部分加 -s） tomato → tomatoes；potato → potatoes；photo → photos 4. 以 辅音字母 + y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i 加 -es baby → babies；family → families 5. 不规则变化（需特殊记忆） man → men；woman → women；child → children；foot → feet [拓展] ：1. 不可数名词（如 water 水、rice 米饭、milk 牛奶、bread 面包、juice 果汁、hair 头发）没有复数形式，不能直接加 -s。如果要表示数量，需搭配“量词+of”结构，如：a glass of water（一杯水）→ two glasses of water（两杯水）；a piece of bread（一片面包）→ three pieces of bread（三片面包）。 2. 单复数同形的名词（如 sheep、deer），表示“一个”时用原形，“两个及以上”时也用原形，如：one sheep（一只羊）→ five sheep（五只羊）。 3. 以 f/fe 结尾的名词（小学补充重点）：多数变 f/fe 为 v 加 -es，记忆口诀：“妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌；躲在架（shelf）后保己命（life），半（half）片树叶（leaf）遮目光”。典例：wife → wives；knife → knives；wolf → wolves；thief → thieves；shelf → shelves；life → lives；half → halves；leaf → leaves。 【大显身手】 一、用所给名词的适当形式填空 1. There are three ______ (book) on the desk. 2. I have two ______ (pen) and a ______ (pencil) in my bag. 3. My mother buys some ______ (tomato) and ______ (potato) in the supermarket. 4. There are many ______ (child) playing in the park. 5. These ______ (woman) are our teachers. 考点三：have to用法 解析： have to + 动词原形： 表示由于客观原因不得不做某事 人称变化：I/You/We/They have to He/She/It has to 否定形式： don't/doesn't have to（不必） 疑问形式： Do/Does + 主语 + have to...? 与must区别 模态词 强调 示例 时态/否定 must 主观义务 I must study hard. 无时态 / mustn't（禁止） have to 客观必要 I have to go because it's late. has to / don't have to（不必） 易错点深度解析 1. 第三人称单数： 必须用has to，不能说“She have to go” 2. 否定形式： don't/doesn't要加在have前面，不能写成“have not to” must和have to的否定区别： “You mustn't run in the street” = 禁止在街上跑 “You don't have to run” = 你不必跑（语气差异很大） 同义句型转换 1. be supposed to（书面语，表“应该、理应”） 例：I am supposed to finish homework on time. = I have to finish homework on time. 2. be required to（强调“被要求”） 例：Students are required to wear uniforms. = Students have to wear uniforms. 语用提示 have to侧重客观条件限制，如时间、规则、环境等，回答“Why...?”的问句时常用。例如别人问“Why do you leave early?”，可回答“Because I have to pick up my sister.”（因为我得去接我妹妹）。 拓展例句 1.I have to finish my homework first.（我必须先完成作业。） 2.We don't have to go to school tomorrow.（明天我们不必上学。） 3.You must be careful.（你必须小心。） 4.We mustn't eat bad food.（我们禁止吃坏食物。） 5.My dad has to work late today.（我爸爸今天得工作到很晚。） 【大显身手】 1、 根据句意填空。 1.We don't ________ go to school on Sundays. 2.I  ________ stay at home because of the rain. 二、选择填空：用 have to 或 has to 填空。 1.We ______ go to bed before 10 o'clock. 2.My father ______ go to work early every Monday. 3.They ______ clean the classroom after school. 4.She ______ finish her homework before watching TV. 5.You and I ______ take the bus to school today. 考点四：区分put on 和wear用法 维度 put on wear 核心侧重 瞬间动作 (穿上、戴上) 的过程，从无到有 持续状态 “穿着、戴着” 的结果，身上一直有 时间特点 强调(做动作)的那一刻，时间短 强调 “保持状态” 的一段时间，时间长 1.Hurry up! Put on your shoes. We're late. 快点！穿上鞋，我们要迟到了。→ 强调“穿鞋”这个动作 2.She puts on a red coat before going out. 她出门前穿上了一件红外套。→ 强调“穿外套”的动作 3.Don't forget to put on your hat—it's cold. 别忘了戴帽子，天很冷。→ 强调“戴帽子”的动作 4.He wears a blue shirt today. 他今天穿着一件蓝色衬衫。→ 强调“穿着衬衫”的状态 5.My grandma wears glasses when she reads. 我奶奶看书时戴眼镜。→ 强调“戴眼镜”的习惯状态 6.She always wears a smile on her face. 她脸上总是带着微笑。→ 强调“带微笑”的持续状态 拓展：try on... 试穿... take off... 脱下.... 【大显身手】 一、根据首字母提示写单词,完成句子 1.Mary p________ on this dress, and it fits well. 2.It's very cold outside. Don't t________ o________your coat. 3. It's cold outside. Please p________ o______your coat. 4.My mum_______ glasses when she reads. 5.Nancy, the jeans are beautiful.____________. A. Try them on. B. Try on them. C. Try it on. D. Try on it. 写作指引 一、写作。 请以 “Cinderella” 为题，写一篇英语短文，对辛德瑞拉的童话故事进行改写或新编。 要求：1. 句子通顺，思路清晰有条理。2. 不少于50词。 （一）写作基本信息 • 话题：复述/改写童话故事 Cinderella • 要求：6–10句、40–60词；语句通顺、时态正确、情节完整 • 时态：一般现在时（课本主线），可用一般过去时提升 • 结构：开头—经过—结尾三段式 （二）核心词汇与句型（必背） 核心单词 Cinderella, prince, fairy, stepmother, stepsisters, party, clothes, shoes, glass shoe, fit, have a good time, have to go, try on, at last 万能句型 1. 开头（介绍人物/起因） • Cinderella is a kind/good/poor girl. • She lives with her stepmother and stepsisters. • There is a party at the prince’s house. • She can’t go because she has no nice clothes or shoes. 2. 中间（仙女帮忙/参加派对） • A fairy comes and helps her. • She puts on new clothes and shoes. • She goes to the party and has a good time. • She has to come back before 12 o’clock. • She leaves a glass shoe behind. 3. 结尾（试鞋/结局） • The prince visits every house. • Many girls try on the shoe, but it doesn’t fit. • At last, Cinderella tries it on. It fits well! • They live happily together. （三）写作步骤（三步成文） 1. 第一步：开头（1–2句） 交代人物、处境、事件（王子的派对）。 2. 第二步：经过（3–4句） 不能去→仙女帮忙→去派对→12点离开→丢鞋。 3. 第三步：结尾（2–3句） 王子寻鞋→试鞋成功→美好结局。 （四）满分范文（2篇） 范文1（课本同步·一般现在时） Cinderella Cinderella is a kind girl. She lives with her stepmother and two stepsisters. There is a party at the prince’s house. She can’t go because she doesn’t have any nice clothes or shoes. A fairy comes and helps her. Cinderella puts on new clothes and goes to the party. She has a good time. She has to go home before twelve o’clock. She leaves a glass shoe behind. The prince visits every house. At last, Cinderella tries on the shoe. It fits well. They are happy. 范文2（进阶版·一般过去时） Cinderella Long long ago, there was a kind girl called Cinderella. She lived with her stepmother and stepsisters. One day, there was a party at the prince’s house. Cinderella couldn’t go because she had no nice clothes. A fairy helped her. She went to the party and had a great time. She hurried home at twelve and left a glass shoe. The prince looked for the girl. Finally, Cinderella tried the shoe on. It fit well. They lived happily together. （五）避错清单（考试不丢分） 1. 三单：Cinderella has… / She puts… / It fits… 2. 否定：can’t = cannot；doesn’t have any… 3. 固定搭配：try on the shoe / leave … behind / have a good time 4. 大小写：Cinderella, Prince, Fairy 首字母大写 5. 时态统一：全文一般现在时 或 全文一般过去时，不混用 （六）加分技巧 • 加形容词：kind, beautiful, happy, poor • 加连接词：But, Then, Finally, At last • 加情感：She is sad/happy. 综合训练 一、选词填空。 A.Why B.When C.Where D.Who E.Whose 1.—________book is this? —It's Alice's. 2.—________ do you get up? —I get up at six. 3.—________is that? —That is Tom. 4.—________ are the birds? —They're in the tree. 5.—________don’t you go to school? —Because I'm ill. 二、用所给词的适当形式或根据中文提示完成句子。 1．Cinderella （穿上）the new （衣服）and new shoes. 2．She （不得不）come back before 10 o'clock. 3．Tim (take) off the clothes and goes to bed. 4．Don’t eat too many (sweet). They’re bad for your (tooth). 5．These mushrooms (be) bad for us. We can’t eat (they). 三、根据图片、中文及首字母提示填写单词完成短文，注意词形变化。每空一词。 Today is the sixteenth of 1 . Father’s Day is coming. Su Yang and Dad go to see the 2 (戏剧) “Cinderella”. Look, Cinderella is crying in the 3 (花园). Why is she so sad? B 4 she doesn’t have any nice 5 . Her stepmother doesn’t want to buy 6 (任何东西) for her in the 7 .  Then a fairy comes and helps Cinderella. Now Cinderella is p 8 on the beautiful dress and shoes. She 9 (感觉) happy at last. 四、单项选择题。 (    )1.【生活运用】The sun is too strong today. You'd better _______ your sunglasses. A.put out B. get up C.put on D. wear (    )2.【学科融合·语文】Which story is from Grimm's Fairy Tales? A.The Little Prince. B. Snow White. C.The Ugly Duckling. D. Nezha. (    )3.【地域特色】-_______ does he go to Nanjing? -Because he _______ see Qinhuai River. A.When; wants to B. Why; wants to C.Why; wants D.Why; want to (    )4. Liu Tao likes reading English ________, but he ________ understand them well. A．story; cannot B．stories; is not C．stories; does not (    )5.【学科融合·语文】我们常用成语“_______”比喻行动和目的相反。And which picture of the following shows the Chinese idiom? A.掩耳盗铃； B.殊途同归； C.南辕北辙； (    )6. The shoes are so nice. He doesn’t know ______ to choose. A．where B．which C．who (    )7. These mushrooms are colorful, but we can’t eat them. Because they are _____ for _____. A．good; we B．bad; we C．good; us D．bad; us (    )8. —Bobby, your shoes are wet. _____. —All right, Mum. A．Put it on B．Try this C．Take them off D．Put on them (    )9. The little girl doesn’t have any food ______ drinks. She is hungry and thirsty. A．and B．or C．too (    )10. Cinderella is a famous story from _________. A． B． C． 五、匹配题（将句子与对应的答句/释义匹配，填序号）。 A栏 B栏 ( )1. Who woke the lion up in the forest? A. He wanted to eat the little mouse. ( )2. What did the angry lion want to do? B. A small mouse woke him up. ( )3. How did the small mouse help the lion? C. He was caught in a strong net. ( )4. What happened to the lion the next day? D. Yes, they did. ( )5. Did they become good friends at last? E. He bit the net with his sharp teeth. 六、按要求完成下面各题。 1. The party is at Su Yang’s house.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ the party? 2. I want to go to the party.(改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ ________ to go to the party? 3. Mrs Green has to go home now. (改为否定句) Mrs Green ________ ________to ________ home now. 4. o'clock she to ten come back has before (.)（连词成句） __________________________________________________ 七、【新素养·综合运用】选择合适的句子，补全对话。 A: I learned a new story today. B: 1 A: 2 B: Sounds interesting. Can you tell me the story? A: Yes. There was a strong lion in the forest. One day, two men caught the lion with a large net. But it got out. B: 3 A: A mouse helped him. The mouse made a hole in the net with his sharp teeth. 4 B: 5 A．Wow! It's a great story. B．It's about a lion and a mouse. C．What is the story about? D．How did the lion get out? E．The lion and the mouse became good friends at last. 八、【新情境·图文结合】阅读信息卡，完成选择。 Book Grimm’s Fairy Tales Aesop’s Fables Chinese Idioms Price ¥35 ¥25 ¥28 Brief (简介) You can read a lot of fairy tales in this book, for example, Cinderella, Snow White. There are a lot of animal fables in this book, like The Fox and the Grapes, The Farmer and the Snake. Chinese Idioms is interesting (有趣的), like The Tiger and the Fox, A frog in the Well, Waiting for the rabbit… Tips 1. You can buy these books from the website: www.dangdang.com 50% off (半价) every Children’s Day. (    )1．You can read ______in the book Grimm’s Fairy Tales. A．Frog in the Well B．Snow White C．The Tiger and the Fox (    )2．Peter likes animal fables. He can buy ______. A．Aesop’s Fables B．Chinese Idioms C．Grimm’s Fairy Tales (    )3．You can read the story ‘Waiting for the rabbit’ (守株待兔) in ______. A．Grimm’s Fairy Tales B．Aesop’s Fables C．Chinese Idioms (    )4．According to (根据) the table (表格) you can buy these books ______. A．from the website B．at school C．in the library (    )5．If Jane wants to buy Chinese Idioms, on Children’s Day, she should pay (支付) ______. A．28 yuan B．25 yuan C．14 yuan 参考答案 考点一：why引导的特殊疑问句 一、用适当的疑问词填空。 1. Which 2. How 3. What 4. When 5. Whose 二、单项选择。 1-3 BBA 考点二：名词单复数变化 一、用所给名词的适当形式填空 1. books 2. pens; pencil 3. tomatoes; potatoes 4. children 5. women 考点三：have to用法 1、 根据句意填空。 1. have to 2. have to 二、选择填空：用 have to 或 has to 填空。 1. have to 2. has to 3. have to 4. has to 5. have to 考点四：区分put on 和wear用法 一、根据首字母提示写单词,完成句子 1. put 2. take off 3. put on 4. wears 5. A 综合训练 一、选词填空。 1-5 EBDCA 二、用所给词的适当形式或根据中文提示完成句子。 1. put; on; clothes 2. has to 3. takes 4. sweets; teeth 5. are; them 三、根据图片、中文及首字母提示填写单词完成短文，注意词形变化。每空一词。 1. June 2. play 3. garden 4. Because 5. dresses 6. anything 7. shop 8. put 9. feels 四、单项选择题。 1-5 DBBCC 6-10 BDCBB 五、匹配题（将句子与对应的答句/释义匹配，填序号）。 1-5 BAECD 六、按要求完成下面各题。 1. Where is 2. Do you want 3. doesn’t have go 4. She has to come back home before ten o’clock. 七、【新素养·综合运用】选择合适的句子，补全对话。 1-5 CBDEA 八、【新情境·图文结合】阅读信息卡，完成选择。 1-5 BACAC 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $