Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

Discovering Useful Structures Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 新人教版必修第三册 By the end of this unit, you will be able to: 1. Identify and understand the meaning and functions of the -ing form used as the adverbial and the object complement. 2. Use the -ing form as the adverbial and the object complement to describe people’s actions and experiences. Learning objectives: ing形式(现在分词）作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，句子的主语和分词形成主动关系。 ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 逻辑主语 “听到”，主动关系 ing形式作状语 时间 原因 结果 条件 让步 方式 伴随 时间状语 表示与主句谓语动作同时发生的动作，相当于when, while, after等引导的时间状语从句。 Realising that many people were living a poor life, he determined to give away most of his money. = When he realised that many people were living a poor life, he determined to give away most of his money 当他意识到很多人还过着贫困的生活时，他决心把自己大部分的钱捐出去。 【温馨提示】当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在动词-ing形式(现在分词)前面加上when或while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略形式。 ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 现在分词一般式 现在分词完成式 表示动作与谓语动词表示动作同时或相继发生。 Hearing the exciting news, we jumped with joy. 听到这个令人振奋的消息时，我们高兴地跳了起来。 表示动作先于谓语动词表示动作发生。 Having finished the housework, she got ready to go shopping. 做完家务活之后,她准备去购物。 2. 原因状语 表示主句谓语动作发生的原因，一般可转换成由as/because /since引导的原因状语从句。 Being ill, he couldn't go to school. =As he was ill, he couldn't go to school. 因为生病了，他无法去上学。 ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 现在分词完成式 现在分词一般式 Having smoked too much, he has suffered from lung cancer. 由于抽烟太多，他患了肺癌。 原因通常早于结果，故现在分词多用完成式。 对于静态动词，如感知、认知动词know, see, realise, find, think等以及be动词，多用一般式。 3.条件状语 表示主句动作发生的条件，一般置于句首,可转换成由if或unless引导的条件状语从句。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed sooner or later. = If you work hard at your lessons, you will succeed sooner or later. ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 "祈使句 +and+ 简单句"也具有上述用法。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed sooner or later. = Work hard at your lessons, and you will succeed sooner or later. 4.结果状语 (1)通常置于句尾，中间用逗号隔开，表示主句谓语动作所导致的一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。 (2)前文表示原因，现在分词表示造成的必然结果。 (3)现在分词作结果状语时，现在分词之前可加thus，表示强调。 （4）现在分词作结果状语，相当于so/and连接的并列句，或so that引导的结果状语从句。 ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 The tsunami struck the island, killing hundreds of people. = The tsunami struck the island, and killed hundreds of people (海啸袭击了该岛，导致数百人丧生。) ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 5. 让步状语 表示与主句内容形成让步关系，可以转化为even if， even though引导的让步状语从句。 Knowing all this, they still made me pay. =Even if they know all this, they still made me pay. (尽管知道这一切，他们还是让我付钱。) ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 Having failed many times, I still have faith in my future. =Though I have failed many times , I still have faith in my future. 尽管失败多次，我仍然对未来充满信心。 ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 6.伴随状语或方式状语 现在分词作伴随状语可位于句首或句末，表示与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。现在分词是谓语动词表示动作的陪衬动作。表示与主句谓语动作同时发生的次要动作或伴随状态。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time. 现在分词作伴随或方式状语时，一般不能转化为状语从句，但可以转化成并列句。 ⏳ 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time. He sent me an email, hoping to get further information. =He sent me an email, and hope to get further information. 形式 含义 肯定 否定 示例 一般式 动作与谓语动作同时发生 (doing) Not doing Seeing the teacher entering, the students stopped talking. 完成式 动作在谓语动作之前发生 (having done) Not having done Having finished his work, he went home. (1) (see) the mess in the kitchen, he immediately understood what had happened. (2) (turn) to the right, you will find the house you are looking for. (3) (teach) many times, the wrestler still looked puzzled. (4) Usually all members of a family have meals together at meals‘ time, (sit) around the table. (5) (know) that you are also interested in it, I'm pleased to tell some relevant information to you. [即时演练] Seeing Turning Having been taught sitting Knowing 🧩 动词-ing形式(现在分词）作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常置于宾语后，表示正在进行的主动性的动作，强调某一过程或某种状态。动词-ing形式(现在分词)作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主动关系。 Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window. 忽然我们听见有人在轻轻地敲窗户 🧩 动词-ing形式(现在分词）作宾语补足语 -ing形式作宾语补足语主要出现在以下几种情况： 感官动词 在 see, watch, hear, feel, notice, find, observe, look at, listen to等感官动词后，用动词-ing形式(现在分词)作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的主动性的动作或某种状态。 I saw him crossing the street. (我看到他正在过马路。) We heard the birds singing in the tree. (我们听到鸟儿在树上歌唱。) 🧩 动词-ing形式(现在分词）作宾语补足语 【温馨提示】在 see，hear,feel，watch等感官动词后，既可用动词-ing形式(现在分词)作宾语补足语，也可用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补语。用动词-ing形式(现在分词)时，表示动作在进行;用省略to的动词不定式时，表示动作经过从开始到结束的全过程。 I saw a boy crossing the street.(表示动作正在进行) 我看见一个男孩正在过马路。 I saw a boy cross the street.(表示动作完成了) 我看见一个男孩穿过了马路 形式 含义 示例 -ing形式 (doing) 强调动作正在进行，表示一个片段。 I saw him getting on the bus. (我看到他正上车。) 不带to的不定式 (do) 强调动作的全过程，表示动作已完成。 I saw him get on the bus. (我看到他上车了。) 🧩 动词-ing形式(现在分词）作宾语补足语 -ing形式作宾语补足语主要出现在以下几种情况： 2. 用在表示指使意义的使役动词后，常见的有make, let, have, keep, get, leave 等. I'm sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 对不起，让你等了这么久。 I won't have you making the same mistake again and again. 我不允许你一次又一次地犯同样的错误。 It was cold, so they left the fire burning all the night. 天气很冷，所以他们让炉火整夜燃烧着. 🧩 动词-ing形式(现在分词）作宾语补足语 -ing形式作宾语补足语主要出现在以下两类动词之后： 3. 用于with的复合结构中。 With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, many of us feel nervous.随着高考的临近，我们中有很多人感到紧张。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门工作。 I can't go out with all these clothes to wash. 有这么多衣服要洗，我不能出去了 Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. 有这么多双眼睛看着她，玛丽感到很害羞。 【温馨提示】在with的复合结构中，也可以用动词-ed形式(过去分词)和动词不定式作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾补，宾语是动作的执行者 I saw the dog following a man. 我看见那只狗跟在一个人的身后。 过去分词作宾补，宾语是动作的承受者 I saw the dog followed by a man. 我看见那只狗有人在后面跟着。 不定式表示动作的全过程或结果 I have seen Milla grow up from childhood, so I know her quite well. 我看着米拉从小长大，因此很了解她。 现在分词表示主动和正在进行 Some students last saw Reed playing near an Internet bar. 几个学生最后看见瑞德时他正在一家网吧附近玩耍。 过去分词表示被动或完成 They want to see this matter settled immediately. 他们希望看到这个问题立刻解决。 (1)Don’t leave the water (run) while you brush your teeth. (2) When I passed by his office, I heard him (sing) a Chinese song. (3)Mr Smith suggested a good way to have her written English (improve) in a short period. (4) When the little girl found so many people (surround ) her, she felt very nervous. (5)With the New Year (approach), a New Year's party will be held at our school. [即时演练] running rsinging improved surrounding approaching summary 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作宾语补足语和状语） 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作宾语补足语 用在感官动词后 用在使役动词后 用在with复合结构中 动词-ing形式（现在分词）作状语 时间状语 原因状语 条件状语 结果状语 让步状语 方式或伴随状语 1. I heard someone (knock) on the door just now. 2. She found the children (play) in the garden. 3. Did you notice him (leave) the office early? 4. We kept the fire (burn) all night. 5. They left him (wait) for hours. knocking playing leaving burning waiting 6. I can't imagine you (do) such a thing. 7. The teacher caught the student cheating during the exam. 8. I saw a man (steal) a wallet on the bus. 9. Please keep the dog (sleep); don't wake it up. 10. He felt the wind (blow) through the window. doing cheating stealing sleeping blowing 6. We watched the sun (set) over the horizon. 7. She felt someone (touch) her shoulder. 8. I like to hear the birds (sing) in the morning. 9. They went home after (finish) their work. 10. I appreciate you (help) me with this problem. setting touching singing finishing helping Discovering Useful Structures 新人教必修三 Unit 2 Thank You ! breaking searching stopping Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．While ______________ (walk) in the nature park, we saw a lot of unknown birds. 2．The girl fell off the horse, ______________ (break) her right leg. 3．Miss Yang went to one shop after another this afternoon, ______________ (search) for a proper gift for her boyfriend. 4．Nancy was busy going over her lessons for the coming examination, only ______________ (stop) to drink water. walking Having told Having been told counting feeling Having slept 5．Not ______________ (recognize) the voice, he refused to give the person his address. 6．______________ (tell) him the answer several times, I didn't know whether he could understand. 7．___________________ (tell) the answer several times, he still couldn't answer the question. 8．I frequently looked up at the clock, ______________ (count) down the minutes. 9．I walked out, ______________ (feel) as if I were a king. 10．______________ (sleep) for ten hours, I felt energetic. recognizing looking this way breaking it into pieces Ⅱ.完成句子 1．____________________with Dr Yuan, I learned a lot from him. 在和袁博士工作时，我从他身上学到很多。 2．He was walking along the street, ______________________ and that. 他在街上走着，左顾右盼。 3．She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, ____________________________. 她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。 While working Although knowing where I live, 4．____________________________he folded it and put it into the envelope. 写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。 5．__________________________________________ he never comes to visit me. 尽管他知道我住在哪儿，但他从不来看我。 Having finished the letter $