内容正文:
B1U3 Family Matters 知识点清单(晨读单)
Ⅰ. 派生词
1. assume v.假定,假设→assumption n. 假设,认为
2. respect v.& n.尊敬,敬重→respectable adj.值得尊敬的;人格高尚的→respected adj.受人尊敬的→respectful adj.充满恭敬的→respective adj.各自的
3. ignore v.忽视,不理→ignorant adj.无知的,愚味的→ignorance n.无知,愚昧
4. profession n.职业,专业的→professional adj.职业的,专业→professor n.教授
5. suit v.适合 n.西服;套装→suitable adj.适合的;适宜的→unsuitable adj.不适合的
6. talent n.天赋,才能→talented adj.有天赋的
7. option n.选择,可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的→opt v. 选择;挑选
8. regularly adv.经常→regular adj.经常的;有规律的→irregular adj. 不规则的,不合常规的
9. responsible adj.负有责任的,承担责任的
10. →responsibility n.责任
11. memory n.回忆→memorize v.记住,背熟;记忆
12. nation n.国家→national adj.国家的
13. observe v.庆祝,过(节日生日等)→observation n.观察→observer n.观测者;观察器
14. aim v.力求达到→aimless adj.无目的的→aimlessly adv.无目的地
15. apologise v.道歉→apology n.道歉
16. strength n.强烈程度→strengthen v.加强→strong adj.强壮的
17. admire v.钦佩,赞美,羡慕→admiration n.钦佩,羡慕→admirable adj.令人钦佩的
18. judge v.判断,认为→judg(e)ment n.判断力
19. settle v.和解,结束(争论)→settler n.移民/殖民者→settlement n.解决,协议
20. powerful adj.强有力的,有影响力的→power n.权力;能力→powerless adj.无影响力的,无能力的
21. obviously adv.明显地,显而易见地→obvious adj.明显的,显而易见的
22. generation n. 一代(人) →generate v. 产生,创造
23. currently adv.现时,当前→current adj.流行的, 当前的;n.水/气/电流
24. stress n. 重音,重读,强调,压力v.强调;施压于→stressful adj. 充满压力的.
25. million num. 许多,无数→millionaire n. 百万富翁
26. disqualify v.(因犯规而)取消……的资格→qualify v.具有资格;使合格→qualified adj.有资格的
27. athlete n. 运动员,田径运动员→athletic adj.具有运动员精神的
II. 词汇拓展
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1. an approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方法
2. chat with sb. 跟某人聊天
3. turn相关的重要短语
turn to求助于;转向;翻到(书的某页)
turn around转身 turn on打开 turn off 关闭
turn up 调高,出现 turn down调低,拒绝
turn into 变成 turn out 结果是,出席
4. focus on doing sth. 集中注意力做某事
5. gain/win the respect of..赢得…的尊重
respect sb. for sth 因某事尊敬某人
6. be suitable for sb./sth. 适合某人/物
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
7. make an apology 道歉
apologise to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉
8. aim to do sth力求做某事
achieve one's aim/goal实现某人的目标
9. be responsible for sth.= take the responsibility for sth. 对…负责任
10. observe sb. do sth.看到某人做(过)某事.
observe sb. doing sth.看到某人(正在)做
11. stress the importance of 强调...的重要性
put/place stress on 强调
12. have an impact on /impact on对⋯有影响
13. admire sb. for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事而羡慕/佩服某人
14. settle the problem 解决问题
settle down 定居;安下心来 settle for 勉强接受,将就
15. a series of 一系列
16. keep track of和...保持联系;了解...的动态
lose track of和...失去联系;不了解...的动态
III. 单元词块
P33
relate to理解;认同;与…相关
give a reason说明原因
P34
join an after-school club参加课外俱乐部
a new hairstyle新发型
future area of study未来学习领域
find out 弄清(情况);发现;查明
have a conflict with与…有冲突
on a stage 在舞台上
as well as 也;还;除…之外
P35
a living room起居室;客厅
turn to sb for help向某人求助
decide to do sth 决定做某事
go to university上大学
focus on/upon 集中(注意力、精力等)
leave school 毕业;离开学校
raise one’s voice 提高声音
in/with surprise 惊讶地
You can’t be serious! 你开玩笑吧!
a future career未来职业
What’s wrong with…? …怎么了?
be interested in 对…感兴趣
calm down (使)平静下来
the music industry:音乐产业
make music 创作音乐;作曲
a professional football player职业足球运动员
P37
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
be proud of为…而自豪
take sb’s advice 采纳某人的建议
jump in with both feet仓促行动
at the same time 同时
the secret to (doing) sth …的秘诀
P38
add…to…把…添加到…上
a keen chess player国际象棋爱好者
a music lover音乐爱好者
plan/intend to do sth 打算做某事
(in) this/that way这样/那样
in a similar situation处于类似情况
P39
match…to/with把…与…对应
take place 发生;举行
be certain to do sth一定会做某事
invite sb to sth 邀请某人参加
throw/give/have a party 举办聚会
a tea set一套茶具
a good choice/idea好主意
make a scarf织一条围巾
the guest list宾客名单
work on致力于
make a checklist列出清单
as many…as possible 尽可能多的…
draw up起草(名单、合同等)
make invitations发出邀请
celebrate sb’s birthday庆祝某人生日
P40
use sth to do sth使用某物做某事
a family member家庭成员
say sorry to sb对某人说抱歉
the importance of…....的重要性
aim to do sth 力求/旨在做到某事
deepen people’s understanding of加深人们对…的理解
a wide range of 各种各样的…
at…level 在…的级别/水平
P42
catch up叙旧;追赶
make an apology致歉
if necessary 如果必要的话
act out将…付诸行动;表演
apologise to sb 向某人道歉
place/lay stress on强调…
have a(n)…impact/influence on 对…产生…影响
apply to适用于
compete against/with与…竞争
cooperate with与…合作
settle for勉强接受;将就
feature stories专题报道
start/begin with以…开始
get the interest of引起…的兴趣
set the tone (of/for sth) 为…定调
in third/second place第三/第二名
in the lead 领先
push…towards/into把…推向…
the burning heat酷热
come round the corner转过弯道
brotherly love:手足之情
a chance/an opportunity to do sth做某事的机会
win the race 赢得比赛
in trouble 处于困境中
P43
discuss sth with sb与某人讨论某
IV. 文章必备句型
1. Why don’t you do sth.? 你为什么不...?(提建议)
Why don’t you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet?
要不然你也按照我说的(采纳我的建议),三思而后行?
2. 主将从现
If you go to university and play music at the same time, you will have two options for your future.
如果你边上大学边搞音乐,你将来就会有两种选择。
3. 动名词 ( 短语 ) 作主语,谓语动词用单数形式
Playing in a band is not a job./ Making music is a good job.
搞乐队不是份工作。/做音乐是一份好工作
4. What’s wrong with...?有什么问题:用于询问某人是否有问题或烦恼。
What's wrong with eating meat?
吃肉有什么问题吗?
5. with sth. to do, 主+谓
With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother...
距终点还有700米, 阿利斯泰尔·布朗利位列第三...
6. 现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)
The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children.
布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。
V. 语言点补充
1. as well as 除……之外,也,还——遵循就远原则
E.g. It has a plot, settings, characters and actions, as well as dialogue between characters.
E.g. The teacher as well as some students likes this painting. (就远原则)
=Not only some students but also the teacher likes this painting. (就近原则)
2. 动名词 ( 短语 ) 作主语
(1)单个的动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
E.g. Struggling in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.
(2)可用it作形式主语,而将动名词(短语)后置。常用句式:
It is no use doing sth. 做某事没有用。
It is no fun doing sth. 做某事没有乐趣。
3. 不定式to do的用法补充
(1) 不定式作主语
doing 与 to do 都可以作主语,doing 表示比较抽象的行为或者强调做某件事持续的状态;而 to do 表示具体的某一次的行为。
E.g. Smoking so much is not good for you. 抽这么多的烟对你不好。
To read this book again is quite necessary. 再读一遍这本书很有必要。
(2) 常用动词不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况:
· 当中心词是序数词时,或者被序数词, 形容词最高级或next, only, last等词修饰时;
· time, way, ability, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等抽象名词之后;
· 不定代词之后
(3) 主语+be+adj.+动词不定式
常用于该结构的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, good, comfortable, interesting,eager, pleasant, exciting等。
E.g. But for Alistair, this decision was easy to explain.
VI.语法知识点——时态
1. 什么是时态?
时态(tense):“时间”+“状态”
时间:过去(past)、现在(now/present)和将来(future)。
状态:一般(simple)、进行(progressive/continuous)和完成(perfect)
2. 五大主要时态的结构及用法
3.被动语态
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