第四讲 据逻辑关系解题-【领跑高中】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习教师用书配套课件（提升版）

第四讲　据逻辑关系解题 　　阅读七选五题型考查最多的就是前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下 文的衔接。常见的逻辑关系有转折、递进、因果、并列、解释和例证 等。有时文中会出现一些标志性的衔接词汇，抓住这些表示逻辑关系 的词汇是成功解题的关键。 技法一　根据转折关系确定答案 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 【真题例析】 　　（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷节选）In addition， I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary， picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.Of course， with its 2，672 pages， it’s not exactly short.It contains around 163，000 words， plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.39. 　　 However， if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage， there’s nothing better. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don’t want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course， a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 考场思维：下句表示转折：但是，如果“我”需要核实某个单词的起 源或查找其用法示例，就没有比这更好的了。由此可知，空处应讲述 作者不怎么使用这本词典。A项符合语境。 自主解答：A 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 技法二　根据递进关系确定答案 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 【真题例析1】 　　（2025·全国一卷节选）“I enjoy working in the cafe，” Murphy said.40. 　　 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order， she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks， it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 考场思维：空前提到Murphy喜欢在咖啡馆工作，空后提到她打算继续 在咖啡馆工作。G项（已在此服务17年，她无法想象去其他地方工 作）描述了她的工作年限和情感归属，与“喜欢工作”和“留下”为 递进关系。 自主解答：G 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 【真题例析2】 　　（2023·全国乙卷节选）Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much， but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.36. 　　， but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood （心情）， reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more， indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead， they grow better inside， where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 考场思维：空后表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、增进 记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且空后的but与B项中的Not only在意思 上构成递进关系。 自主解答：B 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 技法三　根据因果关系确定答案 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 【真题例析】 　　（2025·全国一卷节选）Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time.38. 　　 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students.I know they need it in the morning，” Murphy said.Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is.She believes she is here to serve. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 D. After finishing an order， she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks， it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 考场思维：空前提到Murphy每天4：45起床，开车30分钟准时上班， 空后提到Murphy喜欢为学生制作咖啡，她知道学生们早上需要咖啡。 C项（有时她提前到岗以提前服务学生）进一步说明她对工作的投 入，与上文呼应，且与下文形成因果关系。 自主解答：C 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 技法四　根据并列关系确定答案 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 【真题例析】 　　（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷节选）So， how do you find a workout partner？ 　　First of all， decide what you want from that person.37. 　　 Or do you just want to be physically fit， able to move with strength and flexibility？ Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport？ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 E. How can you write a good “seeking a training partner” notice？ F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 考场思维：根据空后一句Or do you ...and flexibility？可知，空处也 应是一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释。由此可知，D项（你 想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为一名更好的运动员吗？）符合语境。 自主解答：D 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 技法五　根据解释关系确定答案 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 【真题例析】 　　 （2021·全国甲卷节选）·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.39. 　　.Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them — things always look different when you put them on. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 考场思维：分析上下文语境可知，空处应是讲述交换衣服时所做 的事情。F项中put一词是上一句Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.的关键词复现，表明应把衣物摆放 在合适的位置。 自主解答：F 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 技法六　根据例证关系确定答案 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 【真题例析】 　　（2023·全国甲卷节选） 　　•Make yourself wait 　　Instant gratification （满足） may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time， but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.38. 　　. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice， the more you start to apply it to other， more annoying situations. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable， not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 考场思维：根据空前一句可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习，结合空 后一句可知，此处讲到的都是一些日常的小事情。B项（从小任务开 始）承上启下。 自主解答：B 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 组合训练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·山东滨州二模）When Loki， the golden retriever （寻回 犬）， entered our lives five years ago， we anticipated that he would assume the roles of tail-wagging family guardian and personal trainer. 　　Time has proved that not only does Loki fulfil all those functions， he’s also the family’s ultra-punctual alarm clock as well as stand-up comedian.But without doubt his most unexpected contribution to our household is that of a peacemaker. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　Now， Loki is the spiritual leader of our family.When we become irritated， such as when my wife mentions my weight， he always makes us stop arguing.Loki possesses a reliable warning system.As soon as our voices rise， he demands the restoration of harmony， first leaning his head on the leg of the instigator of the argument and staring at him or her with pleading eyes.If he fails， he will climb up and lick his or her neck affectionately， which usually works.Therefore， if we want to have a good argument， we have no choice but to leave home. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　After 28 years of marriage， time hasn’t eased our hot temper， but Loki’s influence has.He has imposed his personality on us.He has also improved my wellbeing.When attached to a blood pressure monitor， I’ve watched my numbers head in the right direction when Loki lies next to me on the sofa.Scientists say stroking a dog can reduce blood pressure by as much as 10 percent. 　　As usual， the other day， just after daybreak， I found myself lying on the edge of the bed， pushed aside by Loki， which was lying on a down comforter， snoring （打鼾） intermittently.And it suddenly dawned on me that I spent more time sleeping alongside Loki than my wife. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　Although Loki has the ability to mediate， he is particularly unable to convince Tracey to let me cross the threshold （门槛） at night due to my snoring.My weight is undoubtedly the cause.It’s time for him to step back up to his primary role， a personal trainer.Come on， Loki.Let’s go for a run！ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家的金毛寻回犬 洛基不仅能担当家庭守护者等角色，还是家庭的和平使者，对作者 的健康也有积极影响。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家的金毛寻回犬 洛基不仅能担当家庭守护者等角色，还是家庭的和平使者，对作者 的健康也有积极影响。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 1. What was Loki originally expected to serve as according to the author？ （　　） A. A peacemaker. B. An alarm clock. C. A spiritual leader. D. A family guardian. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，作者最初期望洛基担 当家庭守护者的角色。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 2. What might be Loki’s way to end the argument between the couple？ （　　） A. Raising his voice. B. Barking at the couple. C. Interacting with the instigator. D. Running away from home. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二、三句可知，洛基结束 这对夫妇争论的方式是与挑起争论者互动。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 3. What can be inferred from the last three paragraphs？（　　） A. The author blames his weight problem on Loki. B. Tracey doesn’t allow the author to go out at night. C. Loki has a positive influence on the author’s health. D. The author prefers sleeping alongside Loki to his wife. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段内容和最后一段后两句可知，洛 基对作者的健康有积极影响。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 4. What’s the tone of the passage？（　　） A. Relaxing. B. Critical. C. Serious. D. Ironic. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段首句以及倒数第二段可知，作 者用轻松诙谐的语言描述洛基，整体氛围轻松。所以文章的语气 是轻松的。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 B 　　（2025·山东青岛二模）For decades， scientists have debated whether protecting large， continuous habitats or fragmented （碎片化 的） areas better addresses the biodiversity crisis.Recently， a new study in Nature has delivered a potentially decisive answer to the debate. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　“The heart of the debate，” explained lead author Thiago Gonçalves-Souza， a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Michigan， “is that supporters of fragmentation compare it to puzzle pieces — arguing that if we assume disconnected habitats develop unique species compositions， the total biodiversity across the entire landscape could increase， like grouping distinct patterns together into a more complex whole.” 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　To test whether that assumption holds up in practice， a group of 28 scientists， people in Europe， South and Central America and Australia， gathered data from 37 studies of biodiversity covering six continents and more than 4，000 species.That data enabled them to check the number and kinds of species found in large sections of land against the same measurements from a collection of smaller fragments from similar ecosystems nearby. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　On a broad landscape level， the scientists found that fragmented areas had， on average，12%fewer species than continuous areas， with a shortage ranging from 10.7% to 18%.Even when accounting for differences in the amount of habitat， the shortage remained significant.This makes sense due to three key issues： disconnected areas prevent movement （eg， large animals disappear without connected hunting grounds）， exposed edges attract invaders （入侵者） and climate damage， and small populations weaken due to reproduction among relatives. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　These findings suggest that fragmented areas have lower ecological value.But does it mean conservation efforts should abandon small fragments？ “Not necessarily，” said Gonçalves-Souza.“In many countries， there aren’t large， undamaged forests remaining. Therefore， our focus should be on planting new forests and recovering increasingly degraded habitats， which is crucial for the future， more so than debating whether it’s better to have one large forest or many smaller fragments.” 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家就保护大面 积连续栖息地还是碎片化区域更能应对生物多样性危机的研究及得 出结论。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家就保护大面 积连续栖息地还是碎片化区域更能应对生物多样性危机的研究及得 出结论。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 5. The comparison of puzzle pieces in paragraph 2 is used to show  　　　　.（　　） A. how humans break apart nature B. why fragmented habitats need protection C. why species composition varies by habitat D. how habitat differences increase total biodiversity 解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，把碎片化栖息地比 作拼图碎片是为了说明栖息地的差异如何增加总的生物多样性。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 6. What did the gathered data serve as？（　　） A. A method for risk assessment. B. A guide for resource distribution. C. The foundation for comparative analysis. D. The evidence for further assumptions. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段尾句可知，收集的数据是作为比 较分析的基础的。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 7. What can we learn about fragmentation in paragraph 4？（　　） A. It results in habitat connectivity. B. It weakens the growth of invasive species. C. It releases the potential of habitat recovery. D. It leads to a range of ecological disturbances. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，碎片化会导致一 系列的生态问题。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 8. What does Gonçalves-Souza suggest in the last paragraph？（　　） A. Abandoning small fragments. B. Advancing nature restoration. C. Protecting existing large forests. D. Exploring fragmentation impacts. 解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句可推知，Gonçalves-Souza 在最后一段中建议推进自然恢复。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2025·安徽淮南二模） How to Take a Good Profile Picture 　　Your profile picture is often the first impression you make online — 9. 　　.A great profile photo can help you stand out.We’ll walk you through simple tips to make it. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　10. 　 　　The first step is to clean your face.If you usually like a clean-shaven look， this is the perfect time.Once your face is prepared， it’s time to move on to makeup.A natural look is highly advisable.Be specific in your product selection： avoid shiny makeup and opt for a non-glossy foundation instead， as this will prevent your skin from appearing overly shiny in the final photo.After the face and makeup are sorted， make it suit your hair type.For example， if you have straight hair， wash and give it a good brush； if your hair is thick， proper conditioning is key. 　 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　Getting the pose right 　　11.  　　 and don’t stand too far from the camera.A shoulders-up shot with your head centered usually gives the best results.Next， consider the space around your face.You want some breathing room， but not too much distance.As for your expression， choose one that truly reflects your personality.12. 　　； tension is easily visible in photos.Practice in the mirror to find your most natural look.Finally， since not everyone has a perfectly balanced face， take test photos from both sides. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　Finding a good background 　　Your choice of location matters significantly.Opting for a natural setting such as a park， backyard， or forest not only brings in a refreshing and lively atmosphere but also benefits from excellent outdoor lighting.If you’re aiming for something more professional， an office or library can be ideal.Your bedroom， too， can be a great option.A tidy， well-lit bedroom can add a personal touch and a cozy feeling.Select a clean， minimalistic backdrop that enhances your appearance without overshadowing the image.13. 　　. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 A. Having your face right B. Preparing for the photo C. Be sure to keep it simple D. Remember to relax your face E. Position your face in the middle F. whether you prefer a profile photo or not matters G. whether for social media or professional platforms 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何拍摄一张好的个 人资料照片，并从面部准备、姿势调整、背景选择等方面提供了建 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何拍摄一张好的个人 资料照片，并从面部准备、姿势调整、背景选择等方面提供了建议。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 9. G　由空前句可知，此处需要进一步说明“网上”的具体场景。G 项通过whether ...or ...结构，明确了头像在不同网络平台（社交或 专业）中的普遍性，承接上文online，强调头像的重要性适用于所有 线上场景，逻辑连贯。 10. B　根据第二段内容可知，该段落围绕清洁面部、化妆、打理头 发展开，均属于拍摄前的准备工作。B项作为段落标题，精准概括了 段落核心——从面部到发型的前期准备，符合段落结构。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 11. E　空后句提到“不要站得离相机太远”、“头部居中的肩部以 上镜头效果最佳”，核心是“脸部在画面的中央位置”。E项直接对 应下文head centered，强调拍摄时的构图要点，与下文“不要离镜头 太远”共同构成对姿势的具体建议，逻辑一致。 12. D　空后文指出“紧张在照片中很容易显现，练习找到自然的表 情”，核心是“放松面部表情”。D项直接呼应下文，强调放松对表 情自然的重要性，是对该段“表情管理”的关键总结。 13. C　上文强调背景要干净、简约，避免喧宾夺主。C项与上句中的 minimalistic backdrop形成同义替换，进一步强调背景选择的核心原 则——简洁，确保背景不干扰主体（人物），符合段落主旨。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 Ⅲ.完形填空 　　（2025·山东日照二模）A United Airlines pilot has gained widespread attention online after personally overseeing the order and distribution of 30 pizzas to 155 passengers on his flight.Now nicknamed the “Pizza Pilot”， Scott Wardle， who has flown for three decades，  　14　 to ensure passengers felt cared for during what could have been a（n）  　15　 experience. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　The  　16　 unfolded during a flight from Boise to Phoenix via Houston.Approximately 45 minutes into the  　17　， a passenger fell unconscious，  　18　 Wardle to divert （改变） the flight to Albuquerque for medical  　19　.He landed the plane around 11 pm， just as most airport dining options had closed. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　After that， Wardle learned the flight would face additional  　20　 because the cabin crew had reached their maximum working hours and would need to be  　21　.He began to seek a way to  　22　 his stranded （滞留） passengers.He decided on pizza，  　23　 it was a universally liked option.He  　24　 ordered dozens of pizzas with his phone and began serving them with plates and napkins.The heartwarming  　25　 quickly went viral， with photos and videos capturing him in his pilot uniform  　26　 slices. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 　　United Airlines  　27　 his actions and offered to reimburse （补偿） him for the pizzas while praising him as a shining example of their  　28　 to customer care.“He waited until every passenger received their slice before enjoying a pizza himself，” a spokesperson noted. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一位绰号“披萨机 长”的美联航飞行员因在航班延误期间自费订购30个披萨分发给155 名滞留乘客的暖心做法而走红网络。 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一位绰号“披萨机 长”的美联航飞行员因在航班延误期间自费订购30个披萨分发给155 名滞留乘客的暖心做法而走红网络。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 14. A. stepped up B. happened C. went out D. pretended 解析：　根据下文提到滞留情境可知，机长主动站出来买披萨是安 慰因飞机延误而滞留的乘客。 15. A. exhausting B. unique C. embarrassing D. unpleasant 解析：　根据下文情境可知，乘客坐飞机遇到延误不能按时抵达目 的地是不愉快的经历。 √ √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 16. A. adventure B. encounter C. incident D. conflict 解析：　这里指上一段机长给滞留旅客买披萨这件事。 17. A. search B. exploration C. journey D. experiment 解析：　根据上句中的a flight from Boise to Phoenix via Houston可 知，这里指飞机从博伊西经休斯敦飞往凤凰城的旅途中。 √ √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 18. A. allowing B. forcing C. reminding D. enabling 解析：　根据空前的a passenger fell unconscious可知，航行中有乘客 昏迷，机长为救人迫不得已改变航线，情况所迫。 19. A. equipment B. research C. insurance D. assistance 解析：　根据本句中的a passenger fell unconscious可知，航班上有乘 客昏迷，应该是去往最近的医院寻求医疗援助。 √ √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 20. A. delays B. challenges C. breakdowns D. expenses 解析：　根据空后because引导的原因状语从句可知，该航班把乘客 送往医院后，机组工作人员必须换班，不能立即飞往目的地，导致行 程再次被延误。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 21. A. dismissed B. replaced C. controlled D. examined 解析：　根据空前的the cabin crew had reached their maximum working hours可知，该航班机组工作人员已达到最长工作时间，应该 换班了。 22. A. gather B. persuade C. transport D. comfort 解析：　根据上文情境可知，乘客遇到航班延误，不能按时到达目 的地，应该是情绪都不好，这里指机长想办法安抚乘客情绪。 √ √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 23. A. admitting B. reasoning C. confirming D. announcing 解析：　根据空前的He decided on pizza，空后的it was a universally liked option可知，机长决定买披萨来安抚乘客和后面人们都喜欢吃披 萨是一种因果关系，是经过分析后面这个原因得出的结果。 24. A. definitely B. immediately C. eventually D. apparently 解析：　由上文可知，前后是一种时间关系，做出了决定就立即 下单。 √ √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 25. A. ceremony B. reunion C. scene D. passenger 解析：　根据上文began serving them with plates and napkins及下文 capturing him in his pilot uniform  　26　 slices可知，这里指机长买了 披萨并亲自为乘客们分发披萨的暖心场景。 26. A. handing out B. wrapping up C. putting away D. eating up 解析：　根据上文began serving them with plates and napkins可知，图 片和视频内容是机长为乘客分发一块块披萨。 √ √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 27. A. recognized B. detected C. evaluated D. described 解析：　根据空后内容可知，公司对他的做法是认可的，认为他做 得对。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 28. A. response B. approach C. attitude D. commitment 解析：　根据空前的praising him as a shining example及空后的to customer care可知，空前的their指的是公司的，航空公司应该对照顾 好乘客负有责任，应保证服务好客户，机长的做法践行了航空公司的 承诺。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 THANKS 演示完毕 感谢观看 $