第三讲 词句猜测题-【领跑高中】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习教师用书配套课件（提升版）

第三讲　词句猜测题 目录 命题点击 考点突破 即时演练 组合训练 命题点击 目 录 　　词句猜测题可以是对一个单词的意义的推断， 也可以是对一 个短语或句子的意义的推断， 既可以考查生词的意义， 也可以考 查熟词的新义， 还可以考查替代词所替代的内容。阅读理解题中 所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，而要根据短文提 供的语境， 通过阅读上下文、根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不 熟悉的词或短语的含义。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 设题方式 考查角度 ①What does the underlined word “...” in paragraph ...probably mean/refer to？ ②Which of the following can replace the underlined word “...” in paragraph ...？ ③Which of the following best explains “...” underlined in paragraph ...？ ④What does the underlined word “that”/“it” in paragraph ...refer to？ 单个单词的意义 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 设题方式 考查角度 ①What do the underlined words “...” in paragraph ...mean？ ②What does the underlined phrase “...” in paragraph ...（probably） mean/refer to？ 短语的意义 What does the underlined part/sentence in paragraph ...probably mean？ 句子的意义 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 考点突破 目 录 考查点一　词义猜测题 1. 利用逻辑关系 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 （1）转折关系 【真题例析】 　　（2024·全国甲卷阅读B节选）Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit， but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators （食肉动物）.Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it！ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 26. Which best explains the phrase “take ...up a notch” in paragraph 3？ A. Perform appropriately. B. Move faster. C. Act strangely. D. Do better. 分析：利用转折关系猜测词义。根据转折连词but可知，前后半句 形成转折关系。画线处前半句强调狗以其令人印象深刻的取物习 惯而闻名，该段倒数第三句表明猫会用带来捡到的物品向主人表 达爱意。结合语境和上下文之间的转折关系，可推测画线处表明 猫的取物能力更强。 自主解答：D 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 （2）对比关系 有时，文中会对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，或会出现与生词 意思相反的词。因此，学生可以根据句中的对比关系来猜测词义。 【真题例析】 　　（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读D节选）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives， we all need to take action to deal with our AI- powered future， and this is where AI by Design： A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution （变革）. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　In the wrong hands， such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code （代码） that powers AI but， thankfully， Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic， making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which， by the close， will make you feel almost as smart as AI. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 32. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean？ A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 分析：对比关系猜测词义。画线部分后强调Campbell的专业经验和能 力。由此可推测，画线短语In the wrong hands指如果换一个能力不如 Campbell的人来写这本书。competent表示“足以胜任的，有能力的， 称职的”。 自主解答：C 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 （3）类比关系 作为一种推理方法，类比关系是指类比各对象之间存在的一种相似性 （共同特征），它通过比较不同对象间的某些相似属性，从而推出另 一属性也可能相似。常见的表示类比关系的信号词汇有similarly， like， also， just as， as well等。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 【真题例析】 　　（2023·全国乙卷阅读D节选）In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides， there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted， especially when only the victors know how to write.Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.The Caribbean Taino， the Australian Aboriginals， the African people of Benin and the Incas， all of whom appear in this book， can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 through the objects they made： a history told through things gives them back a voice.When we consider contact （联系） between literate and non-literate societies such as these， all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted， only one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that conversation， we have to read not just the texts， but the objects. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to？ A. Problem. B. History. C. Voice. D. Society. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 分析：利用类比关系猜测词义。根据画线词上文a history told through things gives them back a voice和all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted，only one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that conversation，we have to read not just the texts，but the objects.可知， 作者将历史类比成一场对话，对话的一半是文字，另一半是实物。故 此处画线词conversation指代的是历史。 自主解答：B 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 （4）递进关系 递进关系是指后一句须以前一句为基点，并在程度或范围上比前一句 有更进一层的语义关系。 递进前后的内容表达意思相近、感情色彩一 致，但递进词后的内容往往比之前的内容程度要更重，即 “前轻后 重，倾向一致，语义相近”。学生可根据递进关系的这一特点，结合 上下文语境，推测画线词应与其前后感情色彩、倾向保持一致。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 【真题例析】 　　（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读C节选）When reading texts of several hundred words or more， learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen.A large amount of research confirms this finding.The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean？ A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 分析：利用递进关系猜测词义。本段第一句说明有纸化学习在阅读多 字文本时更容易成功，且有实验证明了这一发现。结合上下文语境， 画线处前后形成递进关系，应进一步强调有纸化阅读的好处，结合此 逻辑关系代入分析四个选项，A项（似乎不可能持久）、B项（似乎 难以解释）、C项（变得随时可用）均与上文意思不一致，D项（容 易引起注意）能表现纸质化阅读的好处尤其明显。 自主解答：D 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 2. 利用解释关系 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 【真题例析】 　　（2025·1月浙江卷阅读C节选）A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.Referred to as matrix planting， this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden， and even some of the designing.Eschewing fertilizers （化肥） and power tools， it’s based on an elegantly simple principle： to garden more like nature does. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 28. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean？ A. Running out of. B. Keeping away from. C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage of. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 分析：根据上文Referred to as matrix planting， this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden， and even some of the designing.可知，矩阵种植是让大自然自身承接更多的工作；结 合常识和画线词所在句Eschewing fertilizers （化肥） and power tools， it’s based on an elegantly simple principle： to garden more like nature does.中to garden more like nature does可推知，要像大自然那样 进行园艺种植，让大自然自身承接更多的工作，就不需要使用化肥和 电动工具。所以画线词Eschewing的意思是“避开，远离”，与 Keeping away from.同义。 自主解答：B 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 3. 利用构词法 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 【真题例析】 　　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读C节选）The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism， including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works， and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. 　　To do so， I divided the book into two parts.In part one， I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism， starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable， before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy：the digital declutter.This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days， you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean？ A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over. 分析：观察单词declutter含有前缀de-，前缀de-来自拉丁语，意为away from，这个前缀有“除去”“取消”“离开”以及“否定”“非”等 意思。结合语境，根据画线词后面的step away from可推测出画线词表 示“清除，清理”。 自主解答：A 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 考查点二　句意猜测题 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 【真题例析】 　　（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读B节选改编）We journalists live in a new age of storytelling， with many new multimedia tools.Many young people don’t even realize it’s new.For them， it’s just normal. 　　This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.I had brought a children’s book to read.It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 24. What do the underlined words “This hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2？ A. This provided shelter for me. B. This became very clear to me. C. This took the pressure off me. D. This worked quite well on me. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 分析：根据第一段内容以及画线部分后的as I was sitting with my 2- year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday可知，作者是 记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年 轻人甚至没有意识到这是一种新事物。对他们来说，这很正常。而在 春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚地认识到了这一 点。故画线部分的意思是“我很清楚这一点”。 自主解答：B 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 考查点三　代词指代题 【解题思维】 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 【真题例析】 　　（2025·全国二卷阅读B节选）There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class.She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools.Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments； they express sympathy instead.“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids，” Ho says.“They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 26. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4？ A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention. C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 分析：根据画线词上一句及所在句Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments； they express sympathy instead.“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids，” Ho says.可知，一些老师不给孩子们布置任 何作业，而是表达同情。Ho说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害。” 由此可推知， it指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。 自主解答：C 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 即时演练 目 录 A 　　（2025·福建莆田二模）Scammers （骗子） are becoming tricky， turning to artificial intelligence to better cheat their victims out of money.This includes using deep fakes to present themselves as someone else.Now， AI is being used in the fight back with telecom company O2 employing an AI-powered granny in the battle. 　　Daisy， an AI-generated grandma created by British telecom company O2 as the ultimate scam fighter， is a new AI tool with the voice of a grandmother designed to talk with scammers and “waste as much of their time as possible”.Basically， she rambles on （絮叨） about anything and everything to keep them away from real people. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　While Daisy may sound like a human， she is essentially an AI large language model with the character application of a grandma.The company worked with known scam artists to train Daisy and used an approach called number seeding to get Daisy’s phone number added to a list of online “mugs lists” — lists used by scammers targeting UK consumers.She functions by listening to the scammers and translating their voice to text.The AI then searches its large database to find an appropriate response， based on the specific scam training she’s received， and translates that text response to speech for Daisy to reply.All this happens in seconds with no additional input needed. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　The goal is to keep the scammer on the phone for as long as possible by engaging them in a lifelike， but lengthy conversation.“Daisy is turning the tables on scammers — outsmarting them at their own cruel game simply by keeping them on the line.” Murray Mackenzie， Director of Fraud at O2， explained. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　O2 also hopes to draw attention to scams by warning consumers to be cautious about who they may be speaking to.“No matter how persuasive someone on the other end of the phone may be， they aren’t always who you think they are.” Murray said.“In terms of tips and tricks， whether you’re shopping online， reviewing your emails， or receiving an out- of-the-blue phone call， it’s important to always remain cautious.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国电信公司O2利 用人工智能奶奶Daisy对抗骗子的情况。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国电信公司O2利 用人工智能奶奶Daisy对抗骗子的情况。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 1. How does the AI granny fight against scammers？（　　） A. By telling scammers funny stories. B. By taking up scammers’ time. C. By talking scammers into quitting. D. By keeping scammers entertained. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，人工智能奶奶通过占 用骗子的时间来对抗骗子。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 2. Why does Daisy receive scam training？（　　） A. To react to scammers properly. B. To recognize scammers’ tricks. C. To make herself more creative. D. To improve her translation skills. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，Daisy接受诈骗 训练是为了能恰当地回应骗子。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 3. What do the underlined words “turning the tables on” in paragraph 4 probably mean？（　　） A. Serving. B. Defeating. C. Educating. D. Tracking. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段破折号后面的内容outsmarting them at their own cruel game simply by keeping them on the line可知， Daisy通过以其人之道还治其人之身之术让骗子一直在线上而击败了 他们。由此可知，画线词意为“击败”。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 4. What is Murray’s suggestion to consumers？（　　） A. Stop answering calls. B. Use particular software. C. Avoid shopping online. D. Raise anti-scam awareness. 解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的No matter how persuasive ...remain cautious.可知，Murray建议消费者提高反诈 骗意识。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 B 　　 （2025·安徽二模）In the history of life on Earth， organisms have relied on the light of the sun， the moon and stars to find their way and schedule their lives.While the emergence of electric lighting in the late 19th century may have been a boon to humans， it has done much harm to the natural world.Among the negative impacts of artificial light at night （ALAN）， light pollution leads migrating birds to cities with terrible consequences， contributes to the alarming decline in insect populations， and convinces sea turtles to climb away from the water instead of towards it. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　Now， a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another finding about how ALAN is affecting coral reefs： Light pollution from coastal cities can trick them into spawning （产卵） outside of the appropriate times when they would normally reproduce. 　　Using a combination of light pollution data and spawning observations， researchers are able to show for the first time that corals exposed to ALAN are spawning one to three days earlier and closer to the full moon compared to those on unlighted reefs. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　Corals release eggs on certain nights of the year， guided by lunar cycles.If corals are spawning on different nights， inspired to do so by the confusion of light pollution， it could reduce the likelihood of coral eggs being fertilized and surviving to produce new adult corals that help reefs to recover. 　　“Coral reefs are among the most biodiverse and economically important ecosystems on the planet.Mass bleaching （白化） events caused by climate change， habitat destruction， fisheries， water pollution and other disturbances have reduced coral reefs substantially since the 1950s，” these worried researchers write.“The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years.” 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　“If we want to reduce the harm ALAN is causing， we can delay switching on night-time lighting in coastal regions to ensure the natural dark period between sunset and moonrise that guides spawning remains complete，” says lead author Dr Thomas Davies. 　　Obviously， light pollution is one of the least complicated pollution sources to fix.Solving plastic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions will take a humanity-wide sea change to fix， but light pollution？ We just need to turn off the lights when necessary.That can make a significant difference to the natural world. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，沿海城市的光污染会诱 导珊瑚在正常产卵时间以外产卵，大大降低珊瑚卵的受精成功率和 珊瑚的存活率。这一发现进一步证明了光污染的危害。因此，作者 呼吁减少光污染。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，沿海城市的光污染会诱 导珊瑚在正常产卵时间以外产卵，大大降低珊瑚卵的受精成功率和 珊瑚的存活率。这一发现进一步证明了光污染的危害。因此，作者 呼吁减少光污染。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 5. What does the underlined word “boon” in paragraph 1 most probably mean？（　　） A. Blessing. B. Demonstration. C. Trend. D. Crisis. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句While the emergence of ...it has done much harm to the natural world.可知，电灯的出 现对人类来说是一个福音。画线词的词义与harm相反，与blessing 最接近。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 6. How does ALAN affect corals？（　　） A. It blinds new adult corals. B. It misleads them into spawning. C. It keeps them from reproducing. D. It encourages coral egg hunting. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二至四段，尤其是第二段可知，夜间 人造灯光会误导珊瑚在正常产卵时间以外产卵。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 7. Why do the researchers feel worried？（　　） A. Corals are exposed to moonlight. B. Corals are likely to become extinct. C. Corals have lost their ecological value. D. Corals cause disturbances to fisheries. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第五段内容尤其是该段尾句可知，珊瑚 很可能会灭绝，这令研究人员担忧。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 8. What is the main purpose of the text？（　　） A. To analyze the impact of human activity. B. To emphasize the significant role of corals. C. To reveal the root sources of corals’ decline. D. To call for action to reduce light pollution. 解析：　推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，本 文旨在呼吁采取行动减少光污染。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 单 词 聚 焦 A victim n.受害者　　　　　 engage vt.使参与；吸引　　　 tricky adj.狡猾的；难对付的 ultimate adj.终极的；最有效的 persuasive adj.有说服力的 B emergence n.出现　　　　 emission n.排放（物）　　　　 expose vt.使暴露；使接触 anticipate vt.预料；预期 substantial adj.大量的；显著的 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 熟 词 生 义 A seed （常用义） n.种子　　 （文章义） vt.植入（数据） B schedule （常用义） n.时间表 （文章义） vt.调节（生物钟） 词 块 积 累 A cheat sb out of money 骗走某人钱财　　 out of the blue 突然地；出乎意料地 in terms of 就……而言，从……角度来看 B contribute to 导致；促成 make a difference 产生影响；起作用 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 难 句 解 码 B [Using a combination of light pollution data and spawning observations]， researchers are able 　　　　　　　　　　　 动词-ing短语作状语 to show for the first time that corals （exposed to ALAN） are spawning one to three days earlier 　that引导的宾语从句　　过去分词短语作定语 and closer to the full moon （compared to those on unlighted reefs）. 　　过去分词短语作状语 通过结合光污染数据和产卵观察，研究人员首次能够证明，暴 露于夜间人造光的珊瑚比未受光照的珊瑚产卵时间提前1至3 天，且更接近满月时间。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 组合训练 目 录 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·福建三模）“Growing up， I was in nature a lot，” says Whitney， the Kentucky native.“My dad passed away when I was 12， and he was the one that a lot of times took me out.So， I kind of lost touch with nature until I was about 30， and then the race was on！” 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　What is the race？ Whitney is determined to clean up Kentucky’s lakes and rivers one body at a time.It’s been a way to reconnect with her dad. 　　“There are a lot of signs of Dad when I’m out there，” Whitney recalls.“I’ve had the pleasure of coming face to face with a pregnant deer.I found out I was pregnant a month later.I feel like if a past loved one could communicate， that’s the way they would do it.” 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　So Whitney started a group called “Sun KYst Sticks and Stones” — named after her father’s favorite drink — to convince everyone to just do the little things to help out.“I’m going out and I’m seeing all of these beautiful places， these waterfalls and these arches.It doesn’t cost me anything to go out here.The least I can do while I’m here is give back a little bit.And I started bringing grocery bags along and pick up a bag or two.” 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　“All I think about is trash and nature.” When asked whether she was ever amazed at all the trash she had found， she said， “Discouraged， maybe.And that is why I hop from place to place because if I stay in one place too long， it’s overwhelming.I want to cause a ripple （涟漪） effect.I love walking away from an area that was trashed and looks fresh again.” 　　There is nature， and then there are forces of nature.Whitney Lewis loves the former and has been one of the latter. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自肯塔基州的惠 特尼的个人经历以及她为保护家乡的自然环境所做的努力。 1. What motivated Whitney to start cleaning lakes and rivers？（　　） A. Connection to her father. B. Concerns about local pollution. C. Personal enjoyment of nature. D. Community requirement for service. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，和她父亲的联系促使 惠特尼开始清理湖泊和河流。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自肯塔基州的惠 特尼的个人经历以及她为保护家乡的自然环境所做的努力。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 2. What expectation does Whitney have for her project？（　　） A. Government support. B. Fund input. C. Economic returns. D. Participation boost. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和倒数第二段倒数第二句 可知，她希望更多的人能参与进来，即期望参与度的提升。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 3. Which can best describe Whitney’s work？（　　） A. Professional. B. Demanding. C. Inspiring. D. Controversial. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和倒数第二段倒数第二 句可知，Whitney通过自己的行动来清理环境，并希望激励更多人 参与进来，她的工作具有激励他人的作用。所以用inspiring来形容 最为贴切。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 4. What can we infer about Whitney from the underlined sentence in the text？（　　） A. She follows nature’s rules. B. She finds inspiration in nature. C. She acts positively in nature protection. D. She adapts to nature’s constant changes. 解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段画线句子我们可以推断出，惠 特尼积极保护自然。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 B 　　（2025·山东日照二模）Language models like Claude aren’t programmed directly by humans — instead， they’re trained on large amounts of data.During that training process， they learn their own strategies to solve problems.These strategies are encoded in the billions of computations a model performs for every word it writes.They arrive incomprehensible to us， the model’s developers.Put simply， we have limited insight into how models do most of the things they do. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　Knowing how models like Claude think would allow us to have a better understanding of their abilities， as well as help us ensure that they’re doing what we intend them to.We take inspiration from the field of neuroscience （神经科学）， which has long studied the messy insides of thinking organisms， and try to build a kind of AI microscope that will let us identify patterns of activity and flows of information.There are limits to what you can learn just by talking to an AI model — after all， humans （even neuroscientists） don’t know all the details of how our own brains work.So we look inside. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　The researchers conduct two new studies that represent progress on the development of the“microscope”， and the application of it to see new “AI biology”.In the first study， we extend our prior work locating interpretable concepts （“features”） inside a model to link those concepts together into computational “circuits （电路）”， revealing parts of the pathway that transforms the words that go into Claude into the words that come out.In the second， we look inside Claude 3.5 Haiku， performing deep studies of simple tasks representative of ten crucial model behaviors. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　The studies shed light on a part of what happens when Claude responds to these prompts （提示）.Claude sometimes thinks in a conceptual space that is shared between languages， suggesting it has a kind of universal “language of thought”.Claude will plan what it will say many words ahead， and write to get to that destination.This is powerful evidence that even though models are trained to output one word at a time， they may think on much longer horizons to do so. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕Claude语言模型展开，介 绍其自主学习特性，阐述研究借助神经科学探索其内部计算与独特 思维模式。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕Claude语言模型展开，介 绍其自主学习特性，阐述研究借助神经科学探索其内部计算与独特 思维模式。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 5. What do we know about Claude from paragraph 1？（　　） A. Claude’s outputs are predictable. B. Claude learns autonomously from data. C. Claude can collect large amounts of data. D. Claude’s decisions are easily explainable. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，Claude从数据中自 主学习。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 6. Why does the author mention neuroscience in paragraph 2？（　　） A. To explore how AI models work. B. To show the limits of AI models. C. To compare AI with human brains. D. To study how AI is programmed. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Knowing how models like Claude think ...let us identify patterns of activity and flows of information.可推知，作者提到神经科学是为了探索人工智能模型是如 何工作的。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 7. What can we learn about the studies？（　　） A. They measure AI’s word-output speed. B. They record AI’s rapid development. C. They reveal AI’s inner computations. D. They show AI’s practical application. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，这些研究揭示了人工 智能的内部计算过程。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 8. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？（　　） A. Claude’s unique thinking mode. B. Claude’s training data source. C. Claude’s word processing efficiency. D. Claude’s language learning ability. 解析：　段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要讲了Claude独 特的思维模式。 √ 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 Ⅱ.语法填空 　　（2025·安徽合肥二模）A standout tradition in Guangzhou is Yum Cha， 9. 　　　　　　 （literal） meaning “drinking tea”.Yum Cha is more than just a drink — it’s a kind of social activity and a distinct characteristic of Lingnan culture，10. 　　　　　　 （offer） in family gatherings， business meetings， or casual chats among friends. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　Early-rising 11. 　　　　　　 （local）， especially seniors， usually greet each other with “Have you drunk tea？” to start the day.A native saying， “The only thing 12. 　　　　 can interrupt a Yum Cha gathering is a typhoon，” jokingly but vividly 13. 　　　　（show） the strong commitment of Guangzhou people to their daily tea tradition.In teahouses or restaurants， people come together 14. 　　　　 （explore） a wide variety of traditional bite-sized foods， enjoying the social atmosphere and rich cultural heritage that accompany the meal， which adds 15. 　　　　　　 touch of depth and enjoyment to the tea gathering. 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 　　Over the last ten years， the tradition of Yum Cha 16. 　　（accept） by many young people as a way to reconnect with their roots.Moreover， they are innovating on the classic Yum Cha by experimenting 17. 　　　　 low-sugar， low-oil， and high-fiber dim sum （点心）， using recyclable and eco-friendly tea ware.This 18. 　　　　 （combine） of tradition and innovation helps ensure that Yum Cha culture remains relevant in today’s fast-paced world. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广州饮茶文化，它是社 交活动与岭南文化特色，历经传承，还被年轻人创新发扬。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广州饮茶文化，它是社 交活动与岭南文化特色，历经传承，还被年轻人创新发扬。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 9. literally　考查词形转换。此处修饰meaning应用副词。 10. offered　考查非谓语动词。Lingnan culture与offer之间是被动关 系，应用过去分词作状语。 11. locals　考查名词复数。此处指当地人，local是可数名词，此处用 复数形式表泛指。 12. that　考查定语从句。先行词是thing，且被the only修饰，在从句 中作主语，应用that。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 13. shows　考查时态和主谓一致。saying是句子的主语，是单数，与 show之间为主动关系，且句子描述的是一般情况，所以谓语动词用第 三人称单数形式。 14. to explore　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。 15. a　考查冠词。a touch of意为“一点”。 16. has been accepted　考查时态和语态。Over the last ten years是现在 完成时的标志，且the tradition of Yum Cha 与accept 之间是被动关系， 应用现在完成时的被动语态。 17. with　考查介词。experiment with意为“尝试；试验”。 18. combination　考查词形转换。this后面需要用名词，且应用单 数形式。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 Ⅲ.应用文写作 　　（2025·山东济南三模）假定你是李华，你校外教David为 “Nature Seekers”远足社团设计了三款社徽（如图所示），现征集学 生意见。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 　　（1）你的推荐；（2）推荐理由。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 Dear David， Yours， Li Hua 　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　  　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 参考范文： Dear David， 　　I strongly recommend Design 2 for the “Nature Seekers” logo.The design features a mountain peak and a string of footprints， perfectly symbolizing the club’s spirit of exploring nature.The green and brown color scheme reflects the beauty of the outdoors， while the simple， dynamic lines convey a sense of adventure and unity.This logo not only stands out visually but also clearly communicates the club’s mission to connect with nature.I believe it will resonate well with all members. Yours， Li Hua 高考专题辅导与测试·英语·提升版 目 录 THANKS 演示完毕 感谢观看 $