内容正文:
小升初英语专题总复习(浙江专用)
专题08 代词(人称代词、物主代词、反身代词)
核心知识思维导图
考点一
人称代词(基础核心考点)
人称代词用来指代人或事物,分为主格和宾格,核心掌握“主格作主语、宾格作宾语”的基本规则,熟记人称代词的各种形式。
1.人称代词分类及形式(小升初必考,熟记表格):
人称
主格(作主语)
宾格(作宾语)
中文含义
第一人称单数
I
me
我
第一人称复数
we
us
我们
第二人称单/复数
you
you
你/你们
第三人称单数(男)
he
him
他
第三人称单数(女)
she
her
她
第三人称单数(物/动物)
it
it
它
第三人称复数
they
them
他们/她们/它们
核心用法:
主格:放在句子开头,作主语(动作的发出者),后面接动词。例:I am a student. He plays football.
宾格:放在动词或介词后面,作宾语(动作的承受者)。例:She helps me. I play with him.
易错提醒:单独使用时,主格和宾格不可混用(误:Me is a girl. 正:I am a girl.);多个人称代词并列时,顺序为“第二人称→第三人称→第一人称”(例:You, he and I are good friends.)考点再现
1.用括号内人称代词的适当形式填空:
(1)______________(I)am a student. ______________(I)like English. My teacher often helps ______________(I).
(2)______________(he)is my brother. I often play with ______________(he).
(3)______________(they)are my friends. ______________(they)go to school together.
2.选出下列句子中人称代词使用正确的一项( )
A. Her is a good girl. B. I and he are classmates.
C. She helps me with my English. D. We go to school with she.
3.改正下列句子中人称代词的错误:
(1)Me and my mother go to the park. →________________________
(2)He give I a book. →________________________
过关训练
1.用括号内人称代词的适当形式填空:
(1)______________(she)is a teacher. ______________(she)teaches ______________(we)English.
(2)______________(it)is a dog. I like ______________(it)very much.
(3)______________(you)are my good friend. I will help ______________(you).
2.改正下列句子中人称代词的错误:
(1)They and I is good friends. →________________________
(2)My father buys me a pen. I like it very much.________________________
(3)Her and I go to school by bus. →________________________
3.翻译句子(注意人称代词用法):
(1)他是我的朋友,我经常和他一起玩。
__________________________________________________
(2)她帮助我,我也帮助她。
__________________________________________________
考点二
物主代词(高频考点,占比40%)
物主代词用来表示“所属关系”,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,核心掌握两者的用法区别,是浙江小升初单选、填空的高频考点。
1.物主代词分类及形式(熟记表格,区分两者):
人称
形容词性物主代词(修饰名词)
名词性物主代词
(单独使用)
中文含义
第一人称单数
my
mine
我的
第一人称复数
our
ours
我们的
第二人称单/复数
your
yours
你的/你们的
第三人称单数(男)
his
his
他的
第三人称单数(女)
her
hers
她的
第三人称单数(物/动物)
its
its
它的
第三人称复数
their
theirs
他们的/她们的/它们的
2.核心用法(关键区别):
形容词性物主代词:后面必须接名词,不能单独使用(修饰名词,表“谁的……”)。例:my book(我的书)、her pen(她的钢笔)、their classroom(他们的教室)。
名词性物主代词:后面不接名词,可以单独使用,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。例:This book is mine.(= This book is my book.);That pen is hers.(= That pen is her pen.)
易错提醒:形容词性物主代词不能单独作主语或宾语;名词性物主代词可以单独作主语、宾语或表语;its(它的)与it’s(它是)的区别(误:It’s tail is long. 正:Its tail is long.)
考点再现
1.用括号内物主代词的适当形式填空:
(1)This is _____________(I)book. That book is _____________(she).
(2)_____________(he)pen is red. _____________(we)pens are blue.
(3)These are _____________(they)books. Those are _____________(you).
2.选出下列句子中物主代词使用正确的一项( )
A. This is mine book. B. Her is a good student.
C. Their books are on the desk. D. The pen is your.
3.根据句意填空(用形容词性/名词性物主代词):
(1)—Is this your pen? —Yes, it’s _____________.
(2)_____________(我们的)classroom is big. _____________(他们的)is small.
过关训练
过关训练
1.用括号内物主代词的适当形式填空:_____
(1)___________(she)mother is a doctor. ______(I)mother is a teacher.
(2)This is not ___________(he)bag. ___________(he)is on the desk.
(3)—Are these ___________(you)shoes? —No, they are ___________(they).
2.改正下列句子中物主代词的错误:
(1)My is a student. →________________
(2)This book is your. →________________
(3)They classroom is clean. →________________
3.翻译句子(注意物主代词用法):
(1)这是她的书包,那是我的。
__________________________________________________
(2)他们的房子很大,我们的很小。
__________________________________________________
考点三
反身代词(易错考点)
反身代词表示“某人自己”,核心掌握其拼写和固定搭配,主语与宾语必须是同一个人/事物时才能使用,是小升初改错的易错点。
1.反身代词的形式(重点记拼写,尤其是复数):
人称
反身代词
中文含义
第一人称单数
myself
我自己
第一人称复数
ourselves
我们自己
第二人称单数
yourself
你自己
第二人称复数
yourselves
你们自己
第三人称单数(男)
himself
他自己
第三人称单数(女)
herself
她自己
第三人称单数(物/动物)
itself
它自己
第三人称复数
themselves
他们自己/她们自己/它们自己
2.核心用法与固定搭配:
基本用法:主语和宾语是同一个人/事物时,用反身代词作宾语。例:He teaches himself English.(他自学英语。);She dresses herself every morning.(她每天自己穿衣服。)
固定搭配(小升初高频):
by oneself 独自:I finish my homework by myself.
enjoy oneself 玩得开心:They enjoy themselves at the party.
hurt oneself 伤了自己:He hurts himself when he plays football.
help oneself to 随便吃/用:Help yourself to some fruit.
teach oneself 自学:She teaches herself math.
易错提醒:反身代词不能作主语,只能作宾语、表语或同位语
(误:Myself is a student. 正:I myself am a student.);复数形式不可写错(如yourselves不能写成yourselves)。
考点再现
1.用括号内反身代词的适当形式填空:
(1)I can do my homework by _______________(I).
(2)She enjoys _______________(she)at the party.
(3)They teach _______________(they)English.
2.选出下列句子中反身代词使用正确的一项( )
A. He hurt him. B. We enjoy ourselves.
C. She teach herself Chinese. D. Myself can swim.
3.根据句意填空(用反身代词):
(1)My brother often helps _______________(他自己)with his lessons.
(2)—Did you have a good time? —Yes, I enjoyed _______________.
过关训练
1.用括号内反身代词的适当形式填空:
(1)You should look after _______________(you).(单数)
(2)The cat washes _______________(it)every day.
(3)We can finish the work by _______________(we).
(4)Boys, help _______________(you)to some cakes.(复数)
2.改正下列句子中反身代词的错误:
(1)He enjoy himself. →___________________________
(2)They help themselves to some food.___________________________
(3)She hurt her. →___________________________
(4)We teach ourself English. →
3.翻译句子(注意反身代词用法):
(1)他独自完成了这项工作。
____________________________________________________________
(2)孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。
____________________________________________________________
(3)请随便吃点水果。
____________________________________________________________
考点四
三种代词的辨析与综合运用(浙江高频)
综合考察人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的用法区别,核心是根据句子成分(主语、宾语、修饰名词)选择正确的代词形式,是拉开分数的关键。
1.核心辨析:
人称代词:指代人/物,分主宾格,表“谁”;
物主代词:表所属关系,分形容词性和名词性,表“谁的”;
反身代词:表“自己”,主语与宾语必须一致。
2.综合运用技巧:
看句子成分:作主语→人称代词主格;作宾语→人称代词宾格/反身代词;修饰名词→形容词性物主代词;单独使用(无名词)→名词性物主代词。
看逻辑关系:主语与宾语是同一个人→反身代词;否则→人称代词宾格。
看固定搭配:反身代词常与特定短语连用,需熟记搭配规则。
考点再现
1.用括号内代词的适当形式填空:
(1)________________(I)am Tom. ________________(I)have a new book. ________________(it)is ________________(I). ________________(I)like ________________(it)very much.
(2)________________(she)and ________________(he)are good friends. ________________(they)often help ________________(each other). This is ________________(she)bag. That is ________________(he).
2.选出下列句子中代词使用正确的一项( )
A. This is my book. It’s mine. B. He teach himself English.
C. Her is my sister. D. We enjoy ourself.
过关训练
1.用括号内代词的适当形式填空:
(1)________________(you)are a good student. ________________(you)should help ________________(your)classmates. They will help ________________(you)too.
(2)My brother is a doctor. ________________(he)works in a hospital. ________________(his)patients like ________________(he)very much. He often helps ________________(they)with their health.
2.改正下列句子中代词的错误:
(1)I and my friend go to school together. We help ourselves. →____________________
(2)This is hers book. That is mine. →____________________
(3)He hurt him yesterday. →____________________
(4)Their are my parents. →____________________
一、单项选择(每题3分,共30分)
( )1. ______ is a student. ______ name is Lucy.
A. She;Her B. Her;She C. She;Hers D. Hers;She
( )2. I like ______ new book. ______ is very interesting.
A. my;It B. mine;It C. my;Its D. mine;Its
( )3. He teaches ______ English. He is good at English.
A. him B. himself C. his D. he
( )4. —Is this ______ pen? —Yes, it’s ______.
A. your;my B. your;mine C. yours;my D. yours;mine
( )5. We go to school together. ______ are good friends.
A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours
( )6. She hurt ______ when she played basketball.
A. her B. herself C. she D. hers
( )7. My mother buys a new bag for ______. I like ______ very much.
A. me;it B. I;it C. me;its D. I;its
( )8. —Whose book is this? —It’s ______.
A. he B. him C. his D. he’s
( )9. They enjoy ______ at the party.
A. them B. themselves C. their D. theirs
( )10. This is not ______ book. ______ is on the desk.
A. my;My B. mine;My C. my;Mine D. mine;Mine
二、用所给代词的适当形式填空(每题2分,共20分)
1.____________(I)am a student. ____________(I)like English. My teacher often helps ____________(I).
2.This is ____________(she)book. That book is ____________(he).
3.He teaches ____________(he)Chinese.
4.____________(they)are my friends. ____________(they)go to school with ____________(I).
5.—Is this ____________(you)pen? —Yes, it’s ____________(I).
6.She enjoys ____________(she)at the party.
7.We can finish the work by ____________(we).
8.____________(he)name is Tom. ____________(he)is a good boy.
9.The cat washes ____________(it)every day.
10.These are ____________(they)books. Those are ____________(you).
三、按要求完成下列各题(每题5分,共30分)
1.改正下列句子中代词的错误:
(1)Her is a good girl. →________________________
(2)This is mine book. →________________________
(3)He hurt him yesterday. →________________________
(4)We enjoy ourself. →________________________
(5)They and I is good friends. →__________________
2.翻译句子(注意代词用法):
(1)她是我的朋友,我经常和她一起玩。
____________________________________________________________
(2)这是他的书包,那是她的。
____________________________________________________________
(3)他自学英语,学得很好。
____________________________________________________________
(4)我们独自完成了作业。
____________________________________________________________
(5)孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。
____________________________________________________________
3.根据句意选择合适的代词填空:
(1)_____________(She/Her)is a teacher. _____________(She/Her)teaches _____________(we/us)English.
(2)This is _____________(my/mine)book. _____________(Your/Yours)is on the desk.
(3)He hurt _____________(him/himself)when he played football.
4.句型转换(按要求改写句子,注意代词变化):
(1)This is my book.(改为同义句)
____________________________________________________________
(2)He teaches himself English.(改为一般疑问句)
____________________________________________________________
(3)I like my new pen.(对划线部分提问)
____________________________________________________________
5.用括号内代词的适当形式填空,完成短文:
Hello, my name is Jim. ____________(I)am 12 years old. ____________(I)have a good friend. ____________(he)name is Li Ming. ____________(he)is 12 too. ____________(we)go to school together. This is ____________(I)bag. That is ____________(he). ____________(we)often help ____________(each other). ____________(I)can do ____________(I)homework by ____________(I). Li Ming can teach ____________(he)English.
6.判断下列句子中代词使用是否正确(正确写T,错误写F):
(1)She is my sister. Her name is Lucy.( )
(2)This book is yours. It’s very interesting.( )
(3)He enjoy himself at the party.( )
(4)We go to school with they.( )
(5)My is a student.( )
四、完形填空(每题4分,共20分)
Hello, everyone! My name is Amy. ______(1)am a 12-year-old girl. I have a good friend. ______(2)name is Lily. ______(3)are in the same class. ______(4)go to school together every day. This is ______(5)bag. It’s pink. That is ______(6)bag. It’s blue. ______(7)like ______(8)bags very much. On weekends, ______(9)often go to the park. ______(10)enjoy ______(11)there. Sometimes, ______(12)help ______(13)with ______(14)homework. ______(15)are good friends forever.
( )1. A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine
( )2. A. She B. Her C. Hers D. She’s
( )3. A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours
( )4. A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours
( )5. A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine
( )6. A. she B. her C. hers D. she’s
( )7. A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours
( )8. A. we B. us C. our D. ours
( )9. A. we B. us C. our D. ours
( )10. A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours
( )11. A. we B. us C. our D. ourselves
( )12. A. we B. us C. our D. ours
( )13. A. each other B. ourselves C. each other’s D. our
( )14. A. we B. us C. our D. ours
( )15. A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours
答案与解析
考点一:
考点再现:
1.(1)I、I、me(2)He、him(3)They、They;2. C;3.(1)Me→My friend and I(2)I→me
过关训练:
1.(1)She、She、us(2)It、it(3)You、you;2.(1)is→are(2)无错(3)Her→She;3.(1)He is my friend. I often play with him.(2)She helps me and I help her too.
考点二:
考点再现:
1.(1)my、hers(2)His、Our(3)their、yours;2. C;3.(1)mine(2)Our、Theirs
过关训练:
1.(1)Her、My(2)his、His(3)your、theirs;2.(1)My→I(2)your→yours(3)They→Their;3.(1)This is her schoolbag. That is mine.(2)Their house is big. Ours is small.
考点三:
考点再现:
1.(1)myself(2)herself(3)themselves;2. B;3.(1)himself(2)myself
过关训练:
1.(1)yourself(2)itself(3)ourselves(4)yourselves;2.(1)enjoy→enjoys(2)无错(3)her→herself(4)ourself→ourselves;3.(1)He finished the work by himself.(2)The children enjoyed themselves in the park.(3)Help yourself to some fruit.
考点四:
考点再现:
1.(1)I、I、It、mine、I、it(2)She、he、They、each other、her、his;2. A
过关训练:
1.(1)You、You、your、you(2)He、His、him、them;2.(1)I and my friend→My friend and I(2)hers→her(3)him→himself(4)Their→They
一、单项选择
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C
解析:
1.作主语用She,修饰名词用Her;2. 修饰名词用my,指代书用it;3. 主语与宾语一致,用himself;4. 修饰名词用your,单独使用用mine;5. 作主语用We;6. 主语与宾语一致,用herself;7. 介词后用me,指代书包用it;8. 单独使用,表“他的”用his;9. enjoy oneself固定搭配,主语是they,用themselves;10. 修饰名词用my,单独使用用mine。
二、用所给代词的适当形式填空
1.I、I、me 2. her、his 3. himself 4. They、They、me 5. your、mine 6. herself 7. ourselves 8. His、He 9. itself 10. their、yours
三、按要求完成各题
1.(1)Her→She(2)mine→my(3)him→himself(4)ourself→ourselves(5)is→are
2.(1)She is my friend. I often play with her.(2)This is his schoolbag. That is hers.(3)He teaches himself English and he is good at it.(4)We finished our homework by ourselves.(5)The children enjoyed themselves in the park.
3.(1)She、She、us(2)my、Yours(3)himself
4.(1)This book is mine.(2)Does he teach himself English?(3)Which pen do you like?
5.I、I、His、He、We、my、his、We、each other、I、my、myself、himself
6.(1)T(2)T(3)F(4)F(5)F
四、完形填空
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.A 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.C 15.A
解析:
1.作主语用I;2. 修饰名词name用Her;3. 作主语,指代Amy和Lily用We;4. 作主语用We;5. 修饰名词bag用My;6. 修饰名词bag用her;7. 作主语用We;8. 修饰名词bags用our;9. 作主语用we;10. 作主语用We;11. enjoy oneself固定搭配,用ourselves;12. 作主语用we;13. help each other固定搭配;14. 修饰名词homework用our;15. 作主语用We。
浙江考情小贴士
1.浙江小升初代词考察侧重基础用法与辨析,主宾格、形容词性与名词性物主代词的区分是必考内容,需通过大量例句巩固;
2.反身代词考察集中在固定搭配(如by oneself、enjoy oneself),记住搭配即可得分,避免拼写错误(如yourselves、themselves);
3.综合运用题需先判断句子成分(主语/宾语/修饰名词),再选择对应代词形式,多个人称代词并列时注意顺序;
4.本地常考语境:结合浙江本地场景(如学校、公园、家庭)设计代词运用题,答题时注意结合语境判断指代对象。
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