Unit 2 Success Topic Talk & Lesson 1 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第一册

Topic Talk & Lesson 1 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.His great success has much to do with his 　　　　　　　  (坚持的) effort. 2.People are 　　　　　　　　 (乐观的) about the company’s future.  3.Here I sincerely express my appreciation if you could help me solve the conflict with my parents over the future 　　　　　(职业).  4.It’s an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how the 　　　　　　(教授) has inspired my creativity.  5.Over the past centuries,the Great Wall has become a 　　　　　　 (象征) of unity and strength for Chinese people.  6.I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest 　　　　　　(宇航员) in the world.  7.A class meeting is scheduled to be held next Monday to make students 　　　　　　　(遵守纪律的).  8.They are discussing how to promote 　　　　　　(合作) between the two schools.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.I was 　　　　　　　(determine) to go,come hell or high water.  2.China remains 　　　　　　 (commit) to peaceful development and has no intention of replacing the US.  3.His latest book The Social Animal,however,is more 　　　　　　(ambition) and serious than his earlier books.  4.He becomes more 　　　　　　　(appreciate) of the meaning of life and its spiritual values. 5.There is much chance that Bill will recover from his 　　　　　(injure) in time for the race.  6.Readers can enjoy all kinds of books 　　　　　　(comfortable) in the new Reading Room. 7.It is against the law to employ children under sixteen as 　　　　　　　 (employ) to work for any firm or factory.  8.The food wasn’t enough to satisfy his 　　　　　(hungry).  9.The ad is one that gives information about 　　　　　(find) certain products.  10.What worried the child most was 　　　　　　　　　　　　(not allow) to visit his mother in the hospital.  Ⅲ.短语填空 make sense,be tired of,give away,dream up,give up,drop out,worry about,die of,get on,turn one’s back on 1.You’ll never go to college if you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　of high school.  2.Sometimes paragraphs need only to be rearranged for the story to 　　　　　　　　　. 3.They can always 　　　　　　　　　　　　some new excuse for the train arriving late to absolve themselves of responsibility.  4.In addition,the climate here is very similar to that in the USA,so there is no need for you to 　　　　　　　　　　it. 5.I was about to 　　　　　　　　　　the maths puzzle when an idea flashed upon my mind.  6.Having 　　　　　　　　　　　　staying indoors for days,we are longing to go out and relax ourselves.  7.If a person has not enough sleep in the night,his actions will 　　　　　him 　　　　　during the day.  8.In the 1840s the main crop,potatoes,was affected by disease and about 750,000 people 　　　　　　　　　　　　hunger.  9.As is known to us all,a truly good friend will never 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　you.  10.A person with excellent ability and ambitious goal will always 　　　　　　　　　　at last.  二、能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A (2024·河北张家口高二检测) Galileo was born in Pisa on February 15,1564.The family moved to Florence in the early 1570s.In his middle teens,Galileo attended the monastery school in Vallombrosa and then in 1581 at the University of Pisa,where he was to study medicine. However,he became interested in mathematics and decided to make the mathematical subjects and philosophy his profession.Galileo then began to prepare himself to teach mathematics and several of his lectures have survived. In 1585,Galileo left the university without a degree and for several years he gave private lessons in the mathematical subjects in Florence and Siena.During this period he designed a new form of hydrostatic(流体静力学的) balance for weighing small quantities.He also began his studies on motion,which he pursued steadily for the next two decades.In 1588 Galileo applied for the chair of mathematics at the University of Bologna but was unsuccessful.However,his reputation was increasing and later that year he was asked to deliver two lectures to the Florentine Academy. He also found some theorems(定理) on centers of gravity that brought him recognition among mathematicians and the support of Guidobaldo del Monte,a nobleman and author of several important works on mechanics.As a result,he obtained the chair of mathematics at the University of Pisa in 1589.There,Galileo demonstrated,by dropping bodies of different weights from the top of the famous Leaning Tower,that the speed of fall of a heavy object is not related to its weight,as Aristotle had claimed.He continued his research on motion and by 1609 he had determined that the distance fallen by a body is proportional(成比例的) to the square of the falling time. Galileo died on January 8,1642. 1.Where did Galileo receive education in his middle teens? A.In Pisa. B.In Vallombrosa. C.In Florence. D.In Siena. 2.What did Galileo do during his college time? A.He studied chemistry. B.He developed a balance. C.He carried out research on motion. D.He prepared himself for teaching math. 3.Which of the following can best describe Galileo as a scientist? A.Generous. B.Considerate. C.Hard-working. D.Gifted. 4.What is the best title of the text? A.Galileo’s Life Story B.Galileo’s Road to Success C.Galileo’s Major Contributions D.Galileo’s Studying Experience B (2024·安徽合肥高二检测) Most educators know the basics of peer pressure.When peers are around,teenagers take more risks.For example,teenage males drive faster with other boys in the same car because the reward centers of teenagers’ brains are more active with peers than when alone. However,risk taking in an educational context is an important skill that enables progress and creativity,which is just one of positive peer effects.People often talk about negative peer effects but ignore many studies that show a lot of negative behavior of high school kids is discouraged by friends.There is a lot of very positive pressure that peers apply,like,“No,man,that’s stupid.” This prevention is one of the many underreported forms of peer effects. In a 2018 study of college freshmen,researchers found that having friends with a higher willingness to study is predictive(预测的) of receiving higher freshman grades.Because the study looked at both assigned(指派的) roommate pairings and chosen friend groups,the researchers were able to show the effect wasn’t just a reflection of “selection bias”,with hard-working kids having already chosen to befriend each other.Hanging out with someone who’s hard-working,they concluded,caused teenagers to study for more hours and achieve higher grades.The findings prove previous research showing a connection between how a child views the importance of doing well in school and how their friends do.Similar effects have been proved for volunteer work and health-promotive behaviors,such as exercise. What does all this mean for educators?Effective students can definitely improve classroom situations.In one program,kids were trained to publicly encourage anti-conflict(反冲突) practice.Reports of student conflict dropped 30% over one year.To some extent,this success may lie in the fact that the program got kids’ help.Efforts that engage teens in actual,real-life tasks have been the most promising when it comes to changing the content of the values spread within teenager peer groups. 5.What can bring peer pressure to teenagers? A.Presence of their peers. B.Being cheated by their friends. C.Encouragement from the elders. D.Stress response in difficult situations. 6.What is most people’s attitude to peer pressure? A.Appreciative. B.Unclear. C.Acceptable. D.Unsupportive. 7.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.Love me,love my dog. B.No competition,no progress. C.Kids can be influenced by close association. D.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. Ⅴ.七选五 (2024·重庆高二检测) Failure is likely the most tiring experience one ever has.There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding.　1　  In the former case,we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it,the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real,even if not actually physical,not something in our muscles and bones.　2　  Years ago,I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors.Applying my own rule,I determined to write them alphabetically,never letting myself leave out a tough idea.And I always started the day’s work with the most difficult task of essay-writing.The experience proved that the rule works. 　3　 Though willing to get started,we cannot seem to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that,however hard we work,we fail again and again.In such a situation,I work as hard as I can—then let the unconsciousness(无意识) take over.  When planning Encyclopedia Britannica,I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.Day after day,I kept coming up with solutions,but none of them worked.　4　 One day,mentally exhausted,I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself,not with me.Relieved,I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.　5　 In the weeks that followed,the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.Though I worked as hard as before,I felt no fatigue.Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.  Human beings,I believe must try to succeed.Success,then,means never feeling tired. A.My fatigue became almost unbearable. B.I felt depressed and gave it up eventually. C.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. D.Use your unconsciousness and you can reduce your tiredness. E.An hour later,I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. F.The solution is not easy to apply:always handle the most difficult job first. G.Here are two ways of exhaustion—start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. Ⅵ.完形填空 On a trip for some exploring I stopped at a service 　1　.As soon as I 　2　 my car,a young man came running to the car and with a big 　3　 said,“Can I help you?”  “Yes,” I answered.“A full tank of gas,please.” I wasn’t 　4　 for what followed.In this day and age of self-service,this young man 　5　 every tire,washed every 　6　—even the sunroof—singing and 　7　 the whole time.I couldn’t believe both the quality of service and his 　8　 attitude about his work.  This kid was really something! When he brought the bill,I said to the young man,“Hey,I want to get some 　9　.Can you tell me where I can find the 　10　 Baskin-Robbins?”  “Baskin-Robbins is just a few blocks away,” he said as he gave me the exact 　11　,adding,“Don’t park out front-park around to the side so your car won’t get sideswiped.” What a kid! As I got to the ice cream store I ordered two milkshakes.Then I 　12　 back to the station.My young friend dashed out to 　13　 me.“Hey,I see you got your milkshakes.”  “Yes,and this one is for you!” His mouth fell open.“For me?” As I drove off I could see him in my mirror just standing there,　14　 from ear to ear. It’s not the amount that matters but the thought and 　15　 that often have the greatest impact upon those you love.  1.A.restaurant B.station C.store D.library 2.A.started B.changed C.repaired D.parked 3.A.smile B.laugh C.comfort D.gift 4.A.prepared B.asked C.eager D.angry 5.A.counted B.covered C.checked D.fixed 6.A.belt B.floor C.chair D.window 7.A.whispering B.whistling C.speaking D.waving 8.A.cheerful B.grateful C.hopeful D.fearful 9.A.books B.milkshakes C.clothes D.mirrors 10.A.latest B.funniest C.nearest D.ugliest 11.A.place B.road C.village D.direction 12.A.ran B.drove C.walked D.came 13.A.receive B.accept C.visit D.greet 14.A.laughing B.glaring C.grinning D.staring 15.A.care B.respect C.help D.attention Ⅶ.语法填空 (2024·山东日照高二检测) The 19th Asian Games,which represents brilliant Asian civilization and creates new records in Asian sports,ended 1.　　　　　　　(successful) in Hangzhou,East China’s Zhejiang Province on Sunday.  2.　　　　　 the guests stepped into the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium,they 3.　　　　　　　　　　(greet) by a huge lawn(草坪) with the words “Enduring Memories of Hangzhou” written on it.  The creative team of the closing ceremony held a 4.　　　　　　　(relax) and happy party,leaving precious memories of Hangzhou Asian Games for people across Asia,and even the rest of the world.  Every one of the more than 12,000 athletes at the Asian Games in Hangzhou is 5.　　　　　 hero.Over the past nearly 20 days,athletes 6.　　　　　　　　　　(fight) hard on the field.These moving moments are gathered in the closing ceremony short films.  The successful running of a large-scale event cannot be achieved 7.　　　　　　 the hard work of volunteers.At the closing ceremony,the actors formed a “river of memories” 8.　　　　　　　　(welcome) the representatives of the volunteers,thanking them for their 9.　　　　　 (warm) and friendliness and leaving precious memories for every guest.  As Raja Randhir Singh,the acting president of the Olympic Committee of Asia (OCA),stated,“the legacy(遗产) 10.　　　　　(leave) by the Hangzhou Asian Games has set a great example for all future major sporting events.”  参考答案 Ⅰ.1.persistent　2.optimistic　3.career　4.professor　5.symbol　6.astronauts　7.disciplined　8.cooperation Ⅱ.1.determined　2.committed　3.ambitious　4.appreciative　5.injury　6.comfortably　7.employees　8.hunger　9.finding　10.not being allowed Ⅲ.1.drop out　2.make sense　3.dream up　4.worry about　5.give up　6.been tired of　7.give;away　8.died of　9.turn his or her back on　10.get on Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名科学家伽利略的生平事迹。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“In his middle teens,Galileo attended the monastery school in Vallombrosa and then in 1581 at the University of Pisa,where he was to study medicine.”可知,伽利略十几岁时在瓦隆布罗萨接受教育。故选B项。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Galileo then began to prepare himself to teach mathematics and several of his lectures have survived.”可知,伽利略在大学期间为教数学做好了准备。故选D项。 3.C　推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章第四段内容可知,伽利略一生都致力于科学研究,并在很多方面做出杰出贡献,故推测他是努力工作的。故选C项。 4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据文章第四段内容可知,本文主要介绍了科学家伽利略的生平事迹。故选A项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了要正确运用同龄人的压力,引导青少年树立正确的人生价值观。 5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“When peers are around,teenagers take more risks.”和第二段中“There is a lot of very positive pressure that peers apply,like,‘No,man,that’s stupid.’”可知,当同龄人在场时会给青少年带来同伴压力。故选A项。 6.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“People often talk about negative peer effects but ignore many studies that show a lot of negative behavior of high school kids is discouraged by friends.”可知,大多数人对同伴压力的态度是消极的,即不支持的,故选D项。 7.C　主旨大意题。通读第三段并根据该段中的“In a 2018 study of college freshmen,researchers found that having friends with a higher willingness to study is predictive”可知,第三段主要介绍了孩子们会受到亲密关系的影响。故选C项。 Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系展开论述,以亲身经历为例提出如何解决启动疲劳和表现疲劳。 1.G　根据上文“There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding.”和下文“In the former case”可知,空格处应指出疲惫感分为两种情况,引出下文。选项G“有两种方式的疲劳:启动疲劳和表现疲劳。”符合语境。故选G项。 2.F　根据上文可知,我们会因为拖延太无聊、太难的工作而感到疲惫不堪。选项F“这种解决方案是不容易采用的:总是先处理最困难的工作。”提出了一个解决这种情况的办法,即先处理最困难的事,符合语境。故选F项。 3.C　根据下文“Though willing to get started,we cannot seem to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that,however hard we work,we fail again and again.”可知,此处讲述另一种疲劳——表现疲劳。选项C意为“表现疲劳更难处理。”符合本段段意,故选C项。 4.A　上文“When planning Encyclopedia Britannica,I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.Day after day,I kept coming up with solutions,but none of them worked.”讲述作者在做一项任务时,日复一日地想不出可行的办法,选项A “我的疲劳几乎无法忍受。”承接上文,故选A项。 5.E　根据上下文可知,此空处讲述的作者睡着了,如释重负,醒来有了解决办法,选项E“一个小时后,我突然醒来,脑海中清晰地浮现出解决方案。”承上启下,故选E项。 Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。加油站的小伙子加油时为作者擦洗、检查车;指路时不忘提醒作者小心停车。 1.B　根据下文的“Then I 　　　back to the station.”可知,作者把车停在加油站。故选B项。  2.D　根据第二段的“A full tank of gas,please.”可知,作者是要加油,因此要先停车。 3.A　根据下文可知,这位小伙子的服务态度是真诚的、发自内心的、热情的,所以他面带微笑。 4.A　根据下文“In this day and age of self-service”可知,“我”没有料到接下来发生的事。be prepared for“期待,想到”。 5.C　小伙子在提供服务时检查了每个轮胎,清洗了每面窗户,因此“检查”最合情理。 6.D　根据sunroof活动顶板,可知小伙子在擦洗汽车车窗。 7.B　小伙子工作是快乐的,能与前面的singing相对应的就是whistling。 8.A　根据上一题的分析可知,小伙子工作是欢乐的。 9.B　根据下文“As I got to the ice cream store I ordered two milkshakes.”可知,作者要买的是奶昔。 10.C　句意:你能告诉我最近的冰激凌店在哪吗? 11.D　根据上一题的分析可知,小伙子指明了准确的方位。 12.B　根据上文小伙子的提醒可知,作者是开车去的,开车回来是最合理的。 13.D　根据下一句可知,小伙子出来迎接作者。 14.C　grin from ear to ear“咧着嘴笑”。 15.A　小伙子有两件事感动了作者:加油时为作者擦洗、检查车;指路时不忘提醒作者小心停车。小伙子做的这两件事不是他职责范围内的,而是真心为别人考虑,关心他人。他的行动得到了作者的真心回报。 Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。第19届亚运会于周日在中国东部浙江省杭州市圆满落幕。文章对此进行了报道。 1.successfully　考查副词。此处作状语应用副词successfully表示“成功地”。故填successfully。 2.When/As　考查连词。根据句意可知,此处是指当客人步入杭州奥体中心体育场时,stepped为短暂性动词,所以应用连词when或as表示“当……时”,句首首字母应大写。故填When/As。 3.were greeted　考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。根据“by a huge lawn”可知,此处应用被动语态。根据“the guests stepped into the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium”可知,此处应用一般过去时。主语they为复数形式。故填were greeted。 4.relaxing　考查形容词。根据“and happy party”可知,此处是指一场轻松愉快的派对,所以应用形容词relaxing表示“令人轻松的”作定语。故填relaxing。 5.a　考查冠词。hero意为“英雄”,为可数名词,此处为第一次出现,所以应用不定冠词表示泛指。hero以辅音音素开头。故填a。 6.have fought　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“Over the past nearly 20 days”可知,此处应用现在完成时。主语为athletes,故填have fought。 7.without　考查介词。根据“The successful running of a large-scale event cannot be achieved”和“the hard work of volunteers”可知,此处是指没有志愿者们的辛勤工作就不会有大型活动的成功举办,所以应用介词without表示“没有”。故填without。 8.to welcome　考查非谓语动词。根据“the actors formed a ‘river of memories’”可知,此处是指组成“回忆之河”的目的是欢迎志愿者代表,所以应用不定式作目的状语。动词welcome意为“欢迎”。故填to welcome。 9.warmth　考查名词。根据“and friendliness”可知,此处应用名词warmth表示“热情”作宾语。故填warmth。 10.left　考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语,动词leave应为非谓语动词,根据“by the Hangzhou Asian Games”可知,和主语legacy构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填left。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $