Unit 3 On the Move Using language 语法 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第二册

B2U3 On the move On the move 01 什么是非谓语? 话说英语国家的人民,曾立下一个flag: 这是一个关于 自己挖的坑哭着也要跳下去的故事 01 什么是非谓语? 和皇上的小老婆们改叫“妃”一样, 它也改了个名儿,叫 01 什么是非谓语? 皇上 (主语) 皇后 (谓语) 妃子 (非谓) 后宫大小事务我说了算~ 后宫佳丽(非谓语动词)三千 皇后(谓语动词)只有一个 后宫佳丽(非谓语动词)三千 皇后(谓语动词)只有一个 1. 谓 语 动 词: 2. 非谓语动词: 在句中充当谓语的动词 在句中不充当谓语的动词 一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 非谓语动词使用条件 She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. 01 什么是非谓语? 也就是说,非谓语除了谓语,其他成份都能充当哟。 不定式 (to do) 现在分词(doing) 过去分词(v-ed) 01 什么是非谓语? to do 目的未做 done 被动完成 doing 主动进行 非谓语动词 动名词 现在分词 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 to do to have done to be doing to have been doing to be done to have been done 无 无 01 to do 的基本结构(时态+语态) The girl making up is very lovely. We want to finish the homework quickly. To see is to believe. During a typhoon, you should do your best to keep your head. Teaching is my job. The teacher told us to read books. 指出下列句子中的谓语动词和非谓语动词 02 不定式在句子中可以做哪些成分? P38 1. To finish the work on time is difficult. 2. He refused to help me. 3. Our parents expect us to go to a good university. 4. He is always the first to come. 5. He got up early to catch the first bus. 6. I am happy to see you. 7. He hurried to the station only to find the bus had gone. 8. My dream is to go to a good university. 不定式: 主,谓, 宾,定, 状, 表,补 主语 宾语 补语 定语 目的状语 原因状语 结果状语 表语 Activity 1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. 1 What is the function of “to play” in sentence(a)? Is it used to give description or show result? “To play”serves as attributive in sentence(a). It is used to give description. 2 What is the function of “to attract” in sentence(b)? Is it used to give description or show result? “To attract”serves as adverbial of result in sentence(b). It is used to show result. a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. b It is fun enough to attract millions of people. P38 Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions. 3 What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? The first group of sentences uses to-infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result,while the second group uses attributive and adverbial clauses. 4 Why does the author choose to use sentences(a)and(b)in the reading passage? Because using to-infinitive makes sentences more concise. c That football is such a simple game that people play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. d It is so fun that it attracts millions of people. Activity 2 Join the sentences using the to -infinitive form. 1 The rules of the game are so simple. They make the game easy to play. The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play. 2 The ball is small enough. It fits into most sports bags. The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags. 3 Give me a list of the teams. They can enter the competition. Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition. 4 The footballer has a dream. He wants to play for a top team. The footballer has a dream to play for a top team. 5 We arrived at the stadium. We found that the game had been cancelled. We arrived at the stadium only to find that the game had been cancelled. 03 To do as attributive and adverbial of result. P38 1. That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 2. It is fun enough to attract millions of people. 首先,动词不定式作定语,一般置于被修饰的名词或代词后。 其次,不定式作定语时,与被修饰的词语在逻辑上存在主谓关系/动宾关系/同位关系/状语关系等。 用法 例句 逻辑关系 主谓关系 (被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语) We need someone to help with the work. 动宾关系 (被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语) Can you give me something to eat? 同位关系 (不定式=所修饰的名词) We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng. 状语关系 (被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等) I have no time to go there. 03 To do as attributive不定式作定语 被动关系 主动关系 同位 ...way to do ……的方式 ...time to do ……的时间 1 不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,而该不定式为不及物动词时,其后须加上适当的介词,构成及物动词短语。 He is a pleasant person to work with. Having reunited after a long departure, the two certainly have a lot to talk about. 不定式作定语且所修饰的名词是time、place或way时,不定式后的介词一般要省去。 He had no money and no place to live. 2 当不定式修饰的名词或代词为不定式动作的承受者时,不定式主动形式与被动形式的含义有所不同。 There is nothing to do. 没有事情可以做。 There is nothing to be done.什么也做不了。 I have some clothes to wash.(自己洗) 我有一些衣服要洗。 I have some clothes to be washed.(他人洗) 我有一些需要洗的衣服。 3 被修饰词是抽象名词 ability、ambition、anxiety、decision、desire、failure、offer、permission、plan、promise、refusal、wish、chance等,常用不定式作定语。 He assured us of his ability to solve the problem. She expressed a wish to be alone. 4 当名词前有only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,名词后常用不定式作定语。 He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave. I suppose this is the easiest method to grasp. 5 不定代词后。 I have something important to tell you. 03 To do as attributive不定式作定语 用法 例句 意义 不定式作结果状语,可以表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果,不定式要放在句子后面。 I returned home that day to find that everything was being in good order(井井有条). After the meeting,they parted company, never to see each other. 常 用 结 构 enough to... She was brave enough to go there alone. too...to... They were too excited to say a word. so...as to... Yesterday morning I got up so late as to be late for school. such... as to... We are not such fools as to believe that. only to... They lifted a stone only to drop it on their own feet. 04 to do as adverbial of result 不定式作结果状语 05 Summary. 主动形式 作用 被动形式 to do 目的;将来 to be done 1.Sorry, sir.I have no time (visit) your company today. 2.He went to the kitchen (find) something to eat. 3.Julia is a pleasant girl (work) with. 4.It’s so cold here. I think there is nothing (do) in such weather. 5.I believe in his ability (solve) the problem. 6.As old friends,we certainly have a lot (talk) about at the party. 7.She hurried to the cinema, only (tell) that the tickets had been sold out. 8.Mary was brave enough (work) there alone. 9.The ability (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself. 10.I think this room is the best place (study) in. to visit to find to work to be done to solve 06 To do as attributive and adverbial of result. to talk to be told to work to express to study 06 To do as attributive and adverbial of result. There are still many problems _(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. She is always the first _(come). I was too excited _(say) a word. She reached the airport , only _(tell) the plane had already taken off. The boy is old enough _(take ) care of himself. I don’t think him to be the best man _(do ) the job because he is very careless. He is always the first _(bear) hardships and the last_(enjoy) comforts. He lifted a stone only _(drop) it on his own feet. to be solved to come to say to be told to bear to enjoy to drop to take to do chart ideal display monitoring setting adjustable 06 To do as attributive and adverbial of result. P39 Activity 2 Join the sentences using the to -infinitive form. 1 The rules of the game are so simple. They make the game easy to play. The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play. 2 The ball is small enough. It fits into most sports bags. The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags. 3 Give me a list of the teams. They can enter the competition. Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition. 4 The footballer has a dream. He wants to play for a top team. The footballer has a dream to play for a top team. 5 We arrived at the stadium. We found that the game had been cancelled. We arrived at the stadium only to find that the game had been cancelled. P39 $